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26 results on '"Sbeity, Ihab"'

1. Differential Privacy for Anomaly Detection: Analyzing the Trade-off Between Privacy and Explainability

Author

Ezzeddine, Fatima, Saad, Mirna, Ayoub, Omran, Andreoletti, Davide, Gjoreski, Martin, Sbeity, Ihab, Langheinrich, Marc, and Giordano, Silvia

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Anomaly detection (AD), also referred to as outlier detection, is a statistical process aimed at identifying observations within a dataset that significantly deviate from the expected pattern of the majority of the data. Such a process finds wide application in various fields, such as finance and healthcare. While the primary objective of AD is to yield high detection accuracy, the requirements of explainability and privacy are also paramount. The first ensures the transparency of the AD process, while the second guarantees that no sensitive information is leaked to untrusted parties. In this work, we exploit the trade-off of applying Explainable AI (XAI) through SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and differential privacy (DP). We perform AD with different models and on various datasets, and we thoroughly evaluate the cost of privacy in terms of decreased accuracy and explainability. Our results show that the enforcement of privacy through DP has a significant impact on detection accuracy and explainability, which depends on both the dataset and the considered AD model. We further show that the visual interpretation of explanations is also influenced by the choice of the AD algorithm.

Published
2024

2. Exposing Influence Campaigns in the Age of LLMs: A Behavioral-Based AI Approach to Detecting State-Sponsored Trolls

Author

Ezzeddine, Fatima, Luceri, Luca, Ayoub, Omran, Sbeity, Ihab, Nogara, Gianluca, Ferrara, Emilio, and Giordano, Silvia

Subjects
Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The detection of state-sponsored trolls operating in influence campaigns on social media is a critical and unsolved challenge for the research community, which has significant implications beyond the online realm. To address this challenge, we propose a new AI-based solution that identifies troll accounts solely through behavioral cues associated with their sequences of sharing activity, encompassing both their actions and the feedback they receive from others. Our approach does not incorporate any textual content shared and consists of two steps: First, we leverage an LSTM-based classifier to determine whether account sequences belong to a state-sponsored troll or an organic, legitimate user. Second, we employ the classified sequences to calculate a metric named the "Troll Score", quantifying the degree to which an account exhibits troll-like behavior. To assess the effectiveness of our method, we examine its performance in the context of the 2016 Russian interference campaign during the U.S. Presidential election. Our experiments yield compelling results, demonstrating that our approach can identify account sequences with an AUC close to 99% and accurately differentiate between Russian trolls and organic users with an AUC of 91%. Notably, our behavioral-based approach holds a significant advantage in the ever-evolving landscape, where textual and linguistic properties can be easily mimicked by Large Language Models (LLMs): In contrast to existing language-based techniques, it relies on more challenging-to-replicate behavioral cues, ensuring greater resilience in identifying influence campaigns, especially given the potential increase in the usage of LLMs for generating inauthentic content. Finally, we assessed the generalizability of our solution to various entities driving different information operations and found promising results that will guide future research., Comment: 22

Published
2022
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5. Combining the analytical hierarchy process and the genetic algorithm to solve the timetable problem

Author

Sbeity, Ihab, Dbouk, Mohamed, and Kobeissi, Habib

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing
Abstract

The main problems of school course timetabling are time, curriculum, and classrooms. In addition there are other problems that vary from one institution to another. This paper is intended to solve the problem of satisfying the teachers preferred schedule in a way that regards the importance of the teacher to the supervising institute, i.e. his score according to some criteria. Genetic algorithm (GA) has been presented as an elegant method in solving timetable problem (TTP) in order to produce solutions with no conflict. In this paper, we consider the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to efficiently obtain a score for each teacher, and consequently produce a GA-based TTP solution that satisfies most of the teachers preferences., Comment: International Journal of Software Engineering & Applications (IJSEA), Vol.5, No.4, July 2014

Published
2014

6. Generating a Performance Stochastic Model from UML Specifications

Author

Sbeity, Ihab, Brenner, Leonardo, and Dbouk, Mohamed

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Performance
Abstract

Since its initiation by Connie Smith, the process of Software Performance Engineering (SPE) is becoming a growing concern. The idea is to bring performance evaluation into the software design process. This suitable methodology allows software designers to determine the performance of software during design. Several approaches have been proposed to provide such techniques. Some of them propose to derive from a UML (Unified Modeling Language) model a performance model such as Stochastic Petri Net (SPN) or Stochastic process Algebra (SPA) models. Our work belongs to the same category. We propose to derive from a UML model a Stochastic Automata Network (SAN) in order to obtain performance predictions. Our approach is more flexible due to the SAN modularity and its high resemblance to UML' state-chart diagram.

Published
2012

10. Characterizing and Detecting State-Sponsored Troll Activity on Social Media

Author

Ezzeddine, Fatima, Luceri, Luca, Ayoub, Omran, Sbeity, Ihab, Nogara, Gianluca, Ferrara, Emilio, and Giordano, Silvia

Subjects
Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract

The detection of state-sponsored trolls operating in influence campaigns is a critical and unsolved challenge for the research community, which has significant implications beyond the online realm. To address this challenge, we propose a new AI-based solution that identifies state-sponsored troll accounts by analyzing their sharing activity sequences, or trajectories, through a two-step process. First, we classify accounts' trajectories using an LSTM-based classifier as belonging to either a state-sponsored troll or an organic, legitimate user. Second, we utilize the classified trajectories to compute a metric, named ``Troll Score'', to quantify the extent to which an account behaves like a state-sponsored troll. To evaluate our approach, we examine the Russian interference campaign during the 2016 U.S. Presidential election. The results of our experiments show that our method can identify account trajectories with an AUC close to 99% and accurately classify Russian trolls and organic users with an AUC of 91%. Additionally, we assessed the generalizability of our solution to different influence campaigns originating from various countries and found promising results that will guide future research., 15 pages

Published
2022

13. social media, digital game, digital addiction, education, metathematic.

Author

Sh. Mahmood, Yaser, Dbouk, Mohamed, Sbeity, Ihab, and Ibrahim, Zein

Subjects
SOCIAL media, SOCIAL media in education, SCHOOL facilities, DIGITAL learning, ADDICTIONS, LITERATURE reviews
Abstract

In the previous ten years, there has been an astounding expansion in the study and application of e-learning frameworks. The recent literature and e-learning ideas were investigated in this study, with e-learning research's different parameters being précised. E-learning processes' associated services, technology, as well as stakeholders, are the three principal aspects of e-learning systems. A typology of services comprising e-learning models is presented in a framework, with stakeholders, technology, and learning approaches being included. Accordingly, the aforementioned aspects are considered through a detailed literature review, with e-learning frameworks' relationship with the different classified stakeholder groups also clarified. Finally, ways to resolve the foremost challenges identified through the literature review are posed, with our elearning system also presented. Furthermore, the proposed answer may direct and facilitate the appropriate appraisal of learners, educators, and educational facilities by decision-makers, drawing on data provided through live interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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17. Stochastic Bounds for Microprocessor Systems Availability

Author

Sbeity, Ihab, Plateau, Brigitte, Dbouk, Mohamed, Middleware efficiently scalable (MESCAL), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Abstract

International audience; This paper proposes a constraint programming based approach to handle ontologies consistency, and more precisely user-defined consistencies. In practice, ontologies consistency is not still well handled in the current software environments. This is due to the algorithmic and language limitations of the tools developed to handle the consistency constraints. The idea of this paper is to tackle this problem by exploiting constraint programming which is proved to be efficient and provides various techniques to handle many types of constraints on different domains.

Published
2011

18. GeoSEMA: A Modelling Platform, Emerging 'GeoSpatial-based Evolutionary and Mobile Agents'

Author

Dbouk, Mohamed and Sbeity, Ihab

Subjects
Mobile- Moving Objects/Agents, Location-Trajectory management, Multi- Agent Systems, Multipurpose/Spatiotemporal data, GIS
Abstract

Spatial and mobile computing evolves. This paper describes a smart modeling platform called "GeoSEMA". This approach tends to model multidimensional GeoSpatial Evolutionary and Mobile Agents. Instead of 3D and location-based issues, there are some other dimensions that may characterize spatial agents, e.g. discrete-continuous time, agent behaviors. GeoSEMA is seen as a devoted design pattern motivating temporal geographic-based applications; it is a firm foundation for multipurpose and multidimensional special-based applications. It deals with multipurpose smart objects (buildings, shapes, missiles, etc.) by stimulating geospatial agents. Formally, GeoSEMA refers to geospatial, spatio-evolutive and mobile space constituents where a conceptual geospatial space model is given in this paper. In addition to modeling and categorizing geospatial agents, the model incorporates the concept of inter-agents event-based protocols. Finally, a rapid software-architecture prototyping GeoSEMA platform is also given. It will be implemented/ validated in the next phase of our work., {"references":["Wang C., Thorpe C., Thrun S., Hebert M., Durrant-Whyte H., Chieh-\nChih Wang, Charles Thorpe, Sebastian Thrun, Martial Hebert, and Hugh\nDurrant-Whyte, \"Simultaneous Localization, Mapping and Moving\nObject Tracking\", in the International Journal of Robotics Research, Sep\n2007; vol. 26: pp. 889 - 916.","D. Papadias, J. Zhang, N. Mamoulis, and Y. Tao. \"Query processing in\nspatial network databases\". Proceedings of the 29th VLDB Conference,\nBerlin, Germany, 2003.","Ralf Hartmut Guting, Michael H. Bohlen, Martin Erwig, Christian S.\nJensen, Nikos A. Lorentzos. Markus Schneider and Michalis\nVazirgiannis, \"A Foundation for Representing and Querying Moving\nObjects\", in ACM Transactions on Database Systems Journal (2000),\n25(1), 1-42.","A. P. Sistla, O. Wolfson, S Chamberlain, and S. Dao, \"Modeling and\nQuerying Moving Objects\", in Proc. of the International Conference on\nData Engineering (1997), pp. 422-432.","Daniel C. Dennett C., \"Intentional systems\". The Journal of Philosophy,\n68(4), 87-106 (1971).","Malle, B. F., Moses, L. J., & Baldwin, D. A., \"Introduction: The\nsignificance of intentionality\", in \"Intentions and Intentionality:\nFoundations of social cognition\" (pp. 1-24). Book, edited by Bertram F.\nMalle, Louis J. Moses, and Dare A. Baldwin. The MIT Press, 2001.","Panfeng Huang, Yangsheng Xu & Bin Liang, \"Tracking Trajectory\nPlanning of Space Manipulator for Capturing Operation\", International\nJournal of Advanced Robotic Systems, Vol. 3, No. 3, September 2006,\npp. 211-218.","Pestana Gabriel, da Silva1 Miguel Mira, \"Multidimensional Modeling\nBased on Spatial, Temporal and Spatio-Temporal Stereotypes\". ESRI\nInternational User Conference July-25-29 (2005), San Diego Convention\nCenter, San Diego, California.","Jidong Chen, Xiaofeng Meng, Yanyan Guo, Stephane Grumbach, Hui\nSun, \"Modeling and Predicting Future Trajectories of Moving Objects in\na Constrained Network\", in proceedings of the 7th International\nConference on Mobile Data Management (MDM'06), page 156, 2006.\n[10] H. Liang1, Wu Jie, Xie Kunqing, Ma Xiujun, Xu Dan, Zhang Huibin,\nChen Zhuo, \"A Spatio-Temporal Database Prototype for Managing\nMoving Objects in GIS\", in Geoscience and Remote Sensing\nSymposium, 2005. IGARSS '05. Proceedings. 25-29 July 2005 IEEE\nInternational, Vol. 2, ISBN: 0-7803-9050-4.\n[11] R. Praing, M. Schneider, \"A Universal Abstract Model for Future\nMovements of Moving Objects\", in AGILE International Conference on\nGeographical Information Systems, 2007.\n[12] R. Praing, M. Schneider, \"Modeling Historical and Future Spatiotemporal\nRelationships of Moving Objects in Databases\". SeCoGIS\n2007 - Int. Workshop on Semantic and Conceptual Issues in Geographic\nInformation Systems: p318-327, in conjunction with the Twenty-Sixth\nInt. Conf. on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2007), Auckland, New Zealand,\nNov. 05-09, 2007.\n[13] R. Praing, M. Schneider, \"Modeling historical and future movements of\nSpatio-temporal objects in moving objects databases\". In proceedings of\nthe 16th ACM Conf. on Information and Knowledge Management\n(CIKM), p183-192, Lisbon- Portugal, Nov. 6-10, 2007.\n[14] M. Erwig, R. H. G├╝ting , M. Schneider, M. Vazirgiannis, \"Spatio-\nTemporal Data Types: An Approach to Modeling and Querying Moving\nObjects in Databases\", Geoinformatica, vol.3 n.3, p.269-296, September\n1999.\n[15] N. Pelekis, Y. Theodoridis, S. Vosinakis, T. Panayiotopoulos, \"Hermes -\nA Framework for Location-Based Data Management\", EDBT 2006,\nSpringer Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 3896, pp.1130-1134.\n[16] N. Pelekis, S. Vosinakis, T. Panayiotopoulos,Y. Theodoridis, \"Towards\na Virtual Agent Control Architecture Using a Spatiotemporal Data\nManagement Framework\", 4th INTUITION International Conf. on\nVirtual Reality and Virtual Environments, Athens, 2007.\n[17] E. Gamma, R. Helm, R. Johnson, J. M. Vlissides, \"Design Patterns:\nElements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software\", Publisher: Addison-\nWesley Professional Computing Series (November 10, 1994), ISBN-10:\n0201633612, ISBN-13: 978-0201633610.\n[18] P. Coad, M. Mayfield, J. Kern, \"Java Design: Building Better Apps and\nApplets\", Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR; 2nd edition (December 1998),\nISBN-10: 0139111816, ISBN-13: 978-0139111815.\n[19] E. Freeman, E. Freeman, B. Bates, K. Sierra, \"Head First Design\nPatterns\", Publisher: O'Reilly Media, Inc.; 1st edition (October 25,\n2004), ISBN-10: 0596007124, ISBN-13: 978-0596007126."]}

Published
2009
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19. CityPro : an integrated city-protection collaborative platform

Author

Dbouk, Mohamed, Mcheick, Hamid, Sbeity, Ihab, Dbouk, Mohamed, Mcheick, Hamid, and Sbeity, Ihab

Abstract

It’s a big challenge to deal with security in a city. Technology advancements are influencing our life, cities are evolving, and modern cities are referring more and more to digital technologies. Currently, a huge amount of standalone independent-systems operate in the city, their goal is to satisfy some business activities, e.g. banking, customs, hospitals, etc. Data collected by these systems represents, if integrated, a key element in any decision making process. This paper presents a, working, smart collaborative platform to integrate multiple systems to serve the surveillance activities in a city or country. It consists of a collaborative surveillance system, called CityPro. The architecture that we propose is a future vision to protect people and monitor public infrastructures, such as bridges, roads, buildings, etc.; it is designed to deal with and/or prevent abnormal activities like terrorist attacks. CityPro is expected to operate in live-mode by using (intended to use) city adapted IT-infrastructures. At the end of this paper, a typical case study is given, and challenges and future works are also discussed.

Published
2014

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