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The conference provided the medium within which the views and recommendations of outstanding authorities among teachers, administrators, and college personnel could be formulated and disseminated to the profession concerning what kinds of schools this nation needs for the education of children from two to adulthood. In the first speech, Richard L. Foster analyzes institutional structures, program and curriculum patterns, teaching methods, and human relationships that militate against the full measure of individual development that should characterize the schools. Milly Cowles pictures the kinds of schooling needed for infants; Charles A. Blackman, for later childhood; Donald H. Eichhorn, for the emerging adolescent; and Mark Shedd, for the adolescent and young adult. Jack R. Frymier puts it all together for a total program of education for tomorrow -- ages two to young adulthood. William M. Alexander discusses ways in which school systems should work with their individual communities to bring about the schools of the future and details the processes that will involve all concerned persons in the community in the development of the kinds of schools needed now. (Author/EA)

The 1970 ASCD conference identified some of the major barriers to implementation of humaneness in contemporary secondary schools. In part I of this conference report, "The Barriers--and the Way Out," the following papers are presented: James B. Macdonald, "A Vision of a Humane School"; Douglas D. Dillenbeck, "External Management as a Barrier to Humanizing Secondary Schools"; Arthur W. Combs, "Can Education Be Relevant?"; James J. Foley, "Teaching and Learning in the Affective Domain"; Joyce Whiting, "A Teacher's View"; and Fred T. Wilhelms, "Design of the Curriculum." In part II, "Identification and Assessment of the Barriers: Reports from the Study Groups," papers are presented by: Sister Mary Eileen Scully, "Barriers Arising from External Factors"; Frank Schneider,"Teacher-Pupil Relationships in the Humane School"; and Mary Patricia Ryan, "Design of the Curriculum as a Barrier to Humanizing Secondary Schools." A related document is ED 040 493. (Author)

These papers, presented during ASCD-sponsored conference, confront educators with issues in and alternatives for making secondary schools a more humanizing experience for students. The contributors and their articles are: Norman K. Hamilton, "Alternatives in Secondary Education"; Thornton B. Monez and Norman L. Bussiere, "The High School in Human Terms"; Herbert A. Thelen, "The Humane Person Defined"; James B. MacDonald, "The High School in Human Terms: Curriculum Design"; Robert S. Soar, "Achieving Humaneness: Supporting Research"; Dwight W. Allen, "A Technology and Performance Curriculum"; Lloyd S. Michael, "Alternative Modes of Organizing Secondary Schools"; John L. Wallen, "Building Leadership Skills"; and a summary chapter by J. Galen Saylor, "Some Characteristics of a Humane Secondary School." (MLF)

Respirable coal mine dust represents a serious health hazard for miners. Monitoring methods are needed that enable fractionation of dust into its primary components, and that do so in real time. Near the production face, a simple capability to monitor the coal versus mineral dust fractions would be highly valuable for tracking changes in dust sources—and supporting timely responses in terms of dust controls or other interventions to reduce exposures. In this work, the premise of dust monitoring with polarized light microscopy was explored. Using images of coal and representative mineral particles (kaolinite, crystalline silica, and limestone rock dust), a model was built to exploit birefringence of the mineral particles and effectively separate them from the coal. The model showed >95% accuracy on a test dataset with known particles. For composite samples containing both coal and minerals, the model also showed a very good agreement with results from the scanning electron microscopy classification, which was used as a reference method. Results could further the concept of a “cell phone microscope” type monitor for semi-continuous measurements in coal mines. Published version

Inertial impactors are an important part of aerosol science where they are used to obtain particle size distributions in a wide range of practical and scientific applications. A shortcoming of these devices is that the number of bins in the resulting distribution is limited to the number of impactors in an impactor cascade. Recent work has shown that if the ratio of the nozzle-to-impactor distance (S) to the nozzle diameter (W) is very small, S/W ∼ O(0.01), the normally disk shaped particle impaction pattern becomes a ring. Under these conditions the ring diameter is proportional to the particle diameter, presenting an opportunity for developing impactors capable of sub-stage particle diameter sizing. Before such impactors may be developed, however, further information is required regarding how the diameter of the aforementioned rings vary with S/W and particle diameter. Herein, experiments are presented where ring-shaped deposition patterns are obtained for a range of particle diameters and S/W. These results are consolidated to provide a relationship between the relevant dimensionless variables: the Stokes number (dimensionless particle diameter), S/W, and dimensionless ring diameter. Computer simulations of particle trajectories under the experimental conditions are presented and are used to reveal the underlying mechanism of this effect. Finally, a discussion is presented of practical approaches for using these results to obtain high resolution particle size distributions from impactor cascades. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Aerosol Research