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Face Cream is used cosmetically For Softening and cleansing the pores and skin like cold cream and vanishing cream. pores and skin like cold cream, vanishing cream, pores, skin Brightening cream, and ointment. Cream-Toiletry consists of many diverse substances inside the form of a thick liquid that possesses soothing as well as moisturizing outcomes while implemented to the skin. there are various sorts of lotions to be had in the marketplace like a light cream, sour cream, half and half the heavy cream, clotted cream, and many others, cause the formula of Anti-aging herbal cream is for reducing darkish Spots.

Turmeric is the rhizomatous, herbaceous, perineal plant having many traditional and medicinal uses. Traditionally turmeric was used for spices in food and traditional system of medicine as like Ayurvedic system of medicine, Siddha system of medicine, Unani system of medicine, Chinese System of medicine for the purpose of anti-microbial, antiseptic, anti-oxidant and in mild digestive problems.Turmeric consists wide variety of phytochemicals such as Demethoxycurcumin (DMC), Bis-Demethoxycurcumin (BDMC), Zingiberene, cumarin, cumarinol, turmerin, turmerone, turmironol, and other many components. Among them DMC & BDMC are responsible for yellow colour of turmeric. For the medicinal use, extraction is done by steam distillation, soxhlation, ultrasonic assisted extraction, enzymatic extraction, microwave assisted extraction. Thus, extracted components are separated and purified and use according to their pharmacological activities like anti-septic, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic etc.

These days, Human beings are interested by hair preparation and conditioner materials, including shampoos, hair tonic and conditioner formulations containing herbal extracts. Hair Tonic is a product which is used to fashion hair. The objective of gift examine involves coaching of hair tonic with the aid of the use of jojoba, tulsi, coconut oil, henna and amla, hibiscus, rosemary oil, gotu kola, aloe vera, ziziphus jujube. and its evaluation for anti-fungal and antibacterial interest. The final instruction of these element is formulated in batches with alternate in awareness. The system offers right effects for antifungal and antibacterial hobby also the component having correct consistency properly spreadibility, homogeneity, look and PH.

Great plantain, or Plantago major (P. major), is a widely used medicinal plant from the Plantaginaceae family (1). Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) calls Plantago major "Lesan-ol-haml" or "Barhang" (2). Plantago major has been found in Europe, America, and Asia for about 4000 years, according to researchers. Plantago major has a variety of active components, including flavonoids, polysaccharides, terpenoids, lipids, iridoid glycosides, and caffeic acid derivatives (5), and is used to treat constipation, coughing, wounds, infection, fever, bleeding, and inflammation (3). It's a herbaceous perennial with a 15-30 cm wide rosette of leaves. Each leaf is oval in shape, about 5-20 cm long and 4-9 cm wide (occasionally 30 cm long and 17 cm wide), with a sharp apex and smooth border, and five to nine prominent veins. The seeds are tiny, oval in form (0.4–0.8 0.8–1.5 mm), and have a slightly bitter flavour (Samuelsen, 2000). Small greenish-brown flowers with purple stamens are formed in a dense spike 5-15 cm long on top of a stem 13-15 cm tall (occasionally to 70 cm tall). It grows better in compacted soils than most other plants, and it can be seen growing beside walkways, roadsides, and other sites where soil compaction is common.

Over the last decades, the development of nanotechnology has caused great advances and growth in the field of nanoparticle-based medical sciences, especially in the area of drug delivery. These novel nano based systems can either be therapeutic agents themselves, or else act as vehicles to carry different active pharmaceutical agents into specific parts of the body. Keeping the point in thoughts it is believed that the tagging of presently used therapeutic compounds to nanocarriers will likely lead to improved approaches for enlightening the drug activity of these therapeutic compounds and suggestively improves our aptitude to treat numerous human diseases and would be an aid to tissue regeneration, wound healing, and surgical devices. Here in this report we are specifically taking Nanogel into consideration, Nanogels are one of the techniques in nanotechnology which has been most prevalent in successful medication delivery inside the body and in addition topical treatment, nanogel and hydrogel formulations have shown promising advantages for topical and trans-mucosal routes of administration. The nanoparticle drug within the gel matrix showed significant enhancement in the permeation of drugs in the topical and transdermal drug delivery. The quest of this review article is to understand why nanogel is a revolutionary drug delivery system, methods to prepare them, applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical discipline, mechanism of drug release from nanogel carrier, features and advantages of nanogels, the main characteristics, such as: swelling capacity, stimuli sensitivity, the great surface area, functionalization, bioconjugation and encapsulation of bioactive substances, which are taken into account in designing the structures according to the application; some data on the advantages and limitations of the formulation also investigate different approved nano formulations currently on the market, and briefly cover the challenges and future outlook as Nano carrier systems.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efcacy of intravenous lignocaine versus topical lignocaine for attenuating haemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and intubation in patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia. This single blind randomized control study was done on sixty patients of either sex aged between 18 to 55 years, of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status class I undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups (group A and group B). Group A and Group B received intravenous preservative free lignocaine hydrochloride 2% 2 mg/kg and topical (nebulized) lignocaine hydrochloride 4% at 2mg/kg. Heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure was documented before administering premedication (T0), at time of intubation (TI) and 1 min (T-1), 2 min (T-2) & 5 min (T- 5) after intubation. Attenuation in the HR , SBP, DBP, MBPwere found statistically signicant (P

Plan: Formulation and evaluation and of Silver Sulfadiazine Laden Topical Formulation for treatment of Burn Wound. Preface: Burn injuries are very complex. One of the golden treatments in topical burn is silver sulfadiazine (SSD).The hydrogels are non- solid dosage forms that produce a flexible, occlusive film in-situ after application on the skin or any other body surface. Methodology: The hydrogel matrix was prepared with combinations of PVA & PVP, HPMC E5LV, and HPMC E15LV. The prepared hydrogel were evaluated for their various physicochemical properties. The optimized formulation F3 was selected by antimicrobial activity by agar diffusion technique. Outcome: All the formulations showed better antimicrobial activity when compared with marketed SSD cream. The formulation F3 was found to be the optimized formulation.

The objective of present study was to develop self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) of model drug Spironolactone. Self-emulsified formulations are in focus of recent research due to its advantages like it enhances the bioavailability of oral lipophilic drugs, reduced dosing frequency and the tendency to load both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. The self-emulsions were prepared by using different ratios of oil and surfactant/co- surfactant with water. The prepared self-emulsions were evaluated for emulsification time, preliminary stability indicating study, % transmission measurement and drug content. Drug content of all the prepared self-emulsions was ranged from 91.43% to 96.76 %. In-vitro permeation results revealed that 82.03%- 95.00% of drug permeate from the formulations in 80 mins. study period. The F6 was selected as the best optimised formulation. Hence it was concluded that poorly soluble drugs such as Spironolactone can be effectively formulated as SEDDS this may improve bioavailability followed by patient compliance. Keywords: Self emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS), Oil, Co-surfactant, Surfactant.

Nano drugs are a revolutionary and ubiquitous science of the 21st century; a nano drug is the application of nanotechnology in the medicinal field that has the potential to significantly change the course of diagnostics and treatment of various life-threating diseases. A nano drug is basically the application of nanotechnology to drugs, and they are envisioned to have a great impact on public health. This review summarizes historical evolvement and diversification of nano drugs into a wide range of medical applications, leading to patents, and their increasing relevance for a multitude of disease categories. The interest in nano drugs for treatment and diagnosis is clearly reflected from the wide array of high-quality research publications and issued patents every year. In this chapter, various patents were consolidated in areas and nano drug deliveries in various treatments. It also sheds light on scale-up, market size, and applications of nano drugs at present, including future challenges.

Alzheimer’s disease is the most prevailing type of dementia worldwide with pathological hallmarks as neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid β plaque. A large number of research and studies are undergoing to determine the exact pathophysiology of the disease which may further lead to development of better treatment strategies. Based on the existing hypothesis a number of treatment and management therapies are utilised for prevention and control of disease. Conventional therapies based on AChE inhibitors (Donepezil, Rivastigmine and Galantamine) and NMDA receptor antagonist (Memantine) are most effective and frequently used but are only capable of controlling the disease progression and are not capable of treating the disease completely. New therapies include disease modifying therapies based on the concept of reducing the functioning of secretase enzymes which is primarily involved in conversion of APP into amyloid β plaque. Other promising therapies based on different hypothesis include the use of insulin, antioxidants, stem cell and also various herbal drugs which show remarkable decrease in progression of disease. This review also includes a number of compounds which are under different phases of investigation and clinical trials and may be used as an important tool for treatment of disease in near future. Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, APP, APoE-e4, Biomarkers, Secretase Inhibitors.

Depression is a mood disorder that affects physical and mental health by altering a person’s behaviour, feelings, and thoughts. Multiple neurotransmitters and part of brain (mainly amygdala, the thalamus and the hippocampus) are involved with disorder of depression. Main cause of depression is unknown but it may be due to neurohormonal or neurochemical imbalance. There are two main hypothesis involved in the pathophysiology of depression that is- monoamine hypothesis and neurotropic hypothesis. According to National Comorbidity Survey, lifetime prevalence of major depression and dysthymia are 16.9 and 2.5% respectively. Several type of intervention have been shown to be efficacious in treating depression including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Pharmacological approaches include conventional medical therapies and non-pharmacological approaches include complementary and alternative therapies. Conventional medical treatment involve antidepressant medications, they are relatively safe and effective for many patient. Electroconvulsive therapy is particularly effective for the most severe and resistant depressions, but it has some severe side effects on memory and cognition. There are various complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) like herbal, homeopathic, bright light therapy, traditional Chinese medication, aromatherapy, physical exercise etc. It was identified that complementary therapies have less side effects as compared to conventional therapies. Keywords: Depression, hypothesis, monoamines, serotonin, noradrenaline, dopamine, antidepressants, CAM.

Presently considerable amount of work has been done in tele-monitoring which involves the transmission of bio-signals and medical images in the wireless media. Intelligent exchange of bio-signals amongst hospitals needs efficient and reliable transmission. Watermarking adds ―ownership‖ information in multimedia contents to prove the authenticity, to verify signal integrity, or to achieve control over the copy process. This paper proposes a novel session based blind watermarking method with secret key by embedding binary watermark image into (Electrocardiogram) ECG signal. The ECG signal is a sensitive diagnostic tool that is used to detect various cardio-vascular diseases by measuring and recording the electrical activity of the heart in exquisite detail. The first part of this paper proposes a multi-resolution wavelet transform based system for detection ‗P',‗Q',‗R',‗S',‗T' peaks complex from original ECG signal of human being. ‗R-R' time lapse is an important component of the ECG signal that corresponds to the heartbeat of the concerned person. Abrupt increase in height of the ‗R' wave or changes in the measurement of the ‗R-R' interval denote various disorders of human heart. Similarly ‗P-P', ‗Q-Q', ‗S-S', ‗T-T' intervals also correspond to different disorders of heart and their peak amplitude envisages other cardiac diseases. In this proposed method the ‗P Q R S T'-peaks are marked and stored over the entire signal and the time interval between two consecutive ‗R'-peaks and other peaks interval are measured to detect anomalies in behavior of heart, if any. The peaks are achieved by the composition of Daubechies sub-bands wavelet of original ECG signal. The accuracy of the P, QRS and T components detection and interval measurement is achieved with high accuracy by processing and thresholding the original ECG signal. The second part of the paper proposes a Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) and Spread Spectrum based watermarking technique. In this approach, the generated watermarked signal having an acceptable level of imperceptibility and distortion is compared to the Original ECG signal. Finally, a comparative study is done for the intervals of two consecutive ‗R-R' peaks, ‗P-R', ‗Q-T', ‗QTc', QRS duration, cardiac output between original P, QRS and T components detected ECG signal and the watermarked P,QRS and T components detected ECG signal.

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to prepare a floating micro articulated drug delivery system of ciprofloxacin by using non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique to increase the bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness of the drug by prolonging its gastric residence time. Methods: Floating microparticles were prepared by using different low-density polymers such as ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose either alone or in combination with the aid of non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique. All the formulated microparticles were subjected to various evaluation parameters such as percentage yield, drug content, drug entrapment, rheological studies, floating characteristics and in vitro drug release studies. Results: Drug-excipient compatibility studies performed with the help of FTIR instrument indicated that there were no interactions. Results revealed that non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique is a suitable technique for the preparation of floating microspheres as most of the formulations were discrete and spherical in shape with a good yield of 65% to 85% and 15 to 22 h of floating duration with 90% of maximum percentage floating capacity shown by formulation FM 9 . Though, different drug-polymer ratios, as well as a combination of polymers, play a significant role in the variation of overall characteristics of formulations. Based on the data of various evaluation parameters such as particle size analysis, drug content, drug entrapment, rheological studies and in vitro drug release characteristics formulation FM 9 was found to fulfil the criteria of ideal floating drug delivery system. Conclusion: Floating microparticles were successfully prepared, and from this study, it can be concluded that the developed floating microspheres of ciprofloxacin can be used for prolonged drug release in the stomach to improve the bioavailability and patient compliance.

This work deals with the simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride and pioglitazone hydrochloride in a bilayered tablet dosage form, without prior separation by two techniques. The methods employed are derivative spectrophotometery and Q analysis. The absorption maxima at 231 nm and 269 nm were used for the estimation of metformin and pioglitazone, respectively. Both the drugs and their mixture obey Beer-Lamberts law at selected wavelength at given concentration range. The result of analysis has been validated statistically and recovery studies confirmed the accuracy of the proposed method. The proposed procedures are simple, rapid, require no separation steps and can be used for the routine analysis of both drugs.