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In Burkina Faso, the first case of cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) dates from 1960 and a few cases were reported in the following years. The objective of this review was to collect and analyze available data on CL in Burkina Faso to improve case management and control of disease transmission. A review of the literature was carried out using the PubMed, Google Scholar and Hinari databases. Publications dealing with the epidemiological aspects of CL, the parasite species involved, vectors and potential reservoir hosts, as well as drugs used in the treatment of CL were searched. From 1960 to 1961, Burkina Faso recorded 13 cases of CL. From 2000 to 2005, an average of more than 1500 CL cases were recorded in Ouagadougou. In 2016 authors reported the results of the investigation of a second epidemic focus in Larama, Bassins region. More recently, in 2021, an investigation was carried out in a focus in the Centre-Nord region, bringing the number of CL focus to three in Burkina Faso. Leishmania major is the main species identified. In the wild area in the Ouagadougou focus, rodents Mastomys, Cricetomys, etc. have been described as the potential reservoir hosts, while in the domestic area, the animal reservoir would be the dog. In the focus of Ouagadougou, Phlebotomus duboscqi has been suspected since the 1960s as the possible vector of CL. The diagnosis is essentially microscopic. The first-line treatment meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) accounted for only 65.9% of prescriptions. According to studies, the relapse rate after the first treatment with pentavalent antimony is about 37%. Despite the neglected disease status given to CL, there is therefore a need to strengthen the fight against this parasitosis by improving access to diagnosis and treatment, vector control and investigations to discover possible new endemic foci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Burkina Faso, like other countries, reported a focal interruption of onchocerciasis transmission and was thus placed under post-therapeutic surveillance. However, the country seems to be experiencing a resurgence of the disease according to recent surveys at certain sentinel sites and data from various surveys. The aim of our study is to take stock of the evolution of the current epidemiological situation of onchocerciasis in Burkina Faso. For data collection, in addition to the scientific articles, we have used data from different epidemiological and entomological surveys conducted by the National Program for the Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (PNLMTN) through its onchocerciasis elimination unit in Burkina Faso. Prior to implementation of the Onchocerciasis Control Program in West Africa (OCP), Burkina Faso had onchocerciasis prevalence between 60% and 80%. In 2002, the maximum prevalence dropped to 15%. However, in 2010 and 2011, epidemiological surveys indicated that some villages in the Comoé River basin had prevalence rate ranging from 0.7% to 71%. Thirteen (13) villages had prevalence rates above the tolerable threshold of 5%. Despite the implementation of the community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) since 2011, recent surveys show a tendency for a recrudescence of the disease in some sites, yet covered by the TIDC. This suggests that the elimination of onchocerciasis requires the integration of new control strategies. Thus, an essential condition for the elimination of onchocerciasis is the analysis of the situation in each focus in order to define the most cost-effective strategy for permanently interrupting the transmission of the parasite. National onchocerciasis elimination committees put in place will play a key role in determining the best strategy., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare

Group A human rotaviruses (RVA) are the most common causes of severe viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. The available vaccines, while effective in Europe and North America have shown a reduced efficacy in Africa. One issue raised is the genetic variability of RVA. The objective of this study was to perform a literature review of molecular epidemiology to determine the prevalence of RVA genotypes circulating in Africa so as to establish a mapping of reliable data on these various genotypes. The search for articles was done from the National Institutes of Health (PUBMED) using three set of keywords. Articles were selected with inclusion criteria such as the date of publication, the age of the children, the sample size and the diagnostic techniques (standardized laboratory techniques). The data were imported into STATA SE version 11 software. Specific prevalence was estimated with Confidence Intervals (CI) of 95%. A total of 326 published studies were initially retrieved, out of which 27 studies were finally selected for the systematic review. The selected studies cover 20 African countries. The most encountered genotypes in Africa during this period were G1 (32.72%), followed by G2 (17.17%), G3 (9.88%), G9 (8.61%) and G12 (7.56%) among the G-types. The most common P-types were P[8] (48.71%) followed by P[6] (22.60%) and P[4] (11.58%) and the G1P[8] combination (22.64%) was the most encountered followed by G2P[4] (8.29%), G9P[8] (6.95%) and G2P[6] (5.00%). North Africa presented the highest prevalence of the P[8] genotype (65.70%). This review provides a comprehensive view of the current circulating rotavirus strains in Africa, which can be important in light of the new rotavirus vaccinations. Indeed, in Africa, the pursuit of national and continental studies for epidemiological surveillance of circulating rotavirus strains is vital for the promotion of future successful vaccines.

Aim: Our study aimed to analyze the epidemiological aspects of cutaneous mycosis in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV)., Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study of 382 patients living with HIV. Following an investigation into the risk factors, mycological samples have been performed. Each sample underwent direct examination and cultivation for the identification of fungal species. The Blastese test is used for the identification of Candida albicans., Results: One hundred and six (106) of the 382 people living with human immunodeficiency virus undergo a mycological collection of which 76 gave a positive result. The overall prevalence of cutaneous mycosis was 19.9 %. It was significantly higher in women and in patients who had a CD4 count ≤500/mm3. C. albicans and Trichophyton rubrum were the most isolated species with 22.4 and 19.8 % of all fungal species isolated, respectively., Conclusion: Cutaneous mycoses are common among people living with human immunodeficiency virus and whose CD4 count ≤ 500/mm(3)., (Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)