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Objective: This study aimed to report the impact of production practices and sanitary management on the prevalence of Neospora caninum (N caninum) and bluetongue virus (BTV) in Creole goats from the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, Peru., Methods: 354 blood samples were obtained from male and female goats of diverse ages reared under an extensive productive system. The diagnosis of N caninum and BTV was conducted through a commercial ELISA kit (iD.vet) with readings taken on a Bio-Rad iMark microplate reader at 450 nm. Additionally, a survey was conducted with 18 goat producers to categorize them based on social, technical (production, health, reproduction, nutrition, and infrastructure), environmental, and economic factors., Results: The overall seroprevalence of N caninum and BTV in goats was 6.21% and 7.06%, respectively, Notably, group II farmers had the highest prevalence rates at 7.69% for N caninum and 23.08% for BTV. This group comprises producers with fewer than 21 goats, while group III includes 14.3% of producers with over 60 goats and better infrastructure., Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of N caninum and BTV in goats of Utcubamba, Peru. Group II displayed the highest prevalence rates, suggesting that herd size and management infrastructure influence disease prevalence., Clinical Relevance: In the tropical dry forest of Utcubamba, inadequate management of N caninum carrier agents (eg, nondewormed dogs) heightens transmission risk, while the tropical climate supports BTV vectors. Effective diagnosis and health management strategies, including vector control and biosecurity practices, are crucial for ongoing herd health monitoring.

Research into assisted living environments -within the area of Ambient Assisted Living (ALL)-focuses on generating innovative technology, products, and services to provide medical treatment and rehabilitation to the elderly, with the purpose of increasing the time in which these people can live independently, whether they suffer from neurodegenerative diseases or disabilities. This key area is responsible for the development of activity recognition systems (ARS) which are a valuable tool to identify the types of activities carried out by the elderly, and to provide them with effective care that allows them to carry out daily activities normally. This article aims to review the literature to outline the evolution of the different data mining techniques applied to this health area, by showing the metrics used by researchers in this area of knowledge in recent experiments.

Supply chain disruptions compel professionals all over the world to consider alternate strategies for addressing these issues and remaining profitable in the future. In this study, we considered a four-stage global supply chain and designed the network with the objectives of maximizing profit and minimizing disruption risk. We quantified and modeled disruption risk as a function of the geographic diversification of facilities called supply density (evaluated based on the interstage distance between nodes) to mitigate the risk caused by disruptions. Furthermore, we developed a bi-criteria mixed-integer linear programming model for designing the supply chain in order to maximize profit and supply density. We propose an interactive fuzzy optimization algorithm that generates efficient frontiers by systematically taking decision-maker inputs and solves the bi-criteria model problem in the context of a realistic example. We also conducted disruption analysis using a discrete set of disruption scenarios to determine the advantages of the network design from the bi-criteria model over the traditional profit maximization model. Our study demonstrates that the network design from the bi-criteria model has a 2% higher expected profit and a 2.2% lower profit variance under disruption than the traditional profit maximization solution. We envisage that this model will help firms evaluate the trade-offs between mitigation benefits and mitigation costs., (© The Author(s) 2022.)

Supply chain management is the basis for the execution of operations, being considered as the core of the business function in the 21st century. On the other hand, at present, factors such as the reduction of natural resources, the search for competitive advantages, government laws and global agreements, have generated a greater interest in the sustainable development, which, in order to achieve it, industries need to rethink and plan their supply chain considering a path of sustainability. So sustainable supply chain management emerges as a means to integrate stakeholders' concern for profit and cost reduction with environmental and social requirements, attracting significant interest among managers, researchers and practitioners. The main objective of this study is to provide a synthesis of the key elements of the quantitative model offerings that use sustainability indicators in the design and management of forward supply chains. To achieve this objective, we developed a systematic literature review that includes seventy articles published during the last decade in peer-reviewed journals in English language. In addition a 4 W's analysis (When, Who, What, and Where) is applied and three structural dimensions are defined and grouped by categories: Supply chain management, modeling and sustainability. As part of the results we evidenced a continuous growth in the scientific production of this type of articles, with a predominance of deterministic mathematical programming models with an environmental economic perspective. Finally, we identified research gaps, highlighting the lack of integral inclusion of a life cycle analysis in the design of supply chain networks.

Hemimelia is a rare anomaly affecting the distal long bones of extremities, with an occurrence of 1-20 cases per million of live births depending on the affected bone. Hemimelia can be an isolated defect or be part of complex syndromes that affect extra skeletal structures. Prenatal detection by routine ultrasound imaging is difficult and yields low detection rates. The prenatal diagnosis of hemimelia should prompt a complete and detailed study of the fetal anatomy, since it can be associated with defects in other structures and systems, as the reported in this case. The prognosis depends upon the associated anomalies., (© 2021 The Authors. Published by the British Institute of Radiology.)

Background: The objective of this work is to estimate the financial impact of increasing the monitoring period for breast cancer, which is financed by the Sistema de Protección Social en Salud (SPSS-Social Protection System in Health)., Methods: A micro-simulation model was developed to monitor a cohort of patients with breast cancer, and also an estimation was made on the probability of surviving the monitoring period financed by the SPSS. Using the Monte Carlo simulation, the maximum expected cost was estimated to broaden such monitoring. Morbimortality information of the Ministry of Health and cases of breast cancer treated by the SPSS were used., Results: Between 2013 and 2026, the financial resources to provide monitoring during 10 years to women diagnosed with breast cancer would reach up to $3607.40 million pesos on a base scenario, $4151.79 million pesos on the pessimistic scenario and $3414.85 million pesos on an optimistic scenario. In the base scenario, additional expenditure represents an annual increase of 9.1% of resources allocated to treating this disease, and 3.0% of the availability of the resources for the Fondo de Protección contra Gastos Catastróficos (FPGC-Fund for Protection against Catastrophic Expenditure)., Conclusions: Increasing monitoring for patients with breast cancer would not represent a financial risk to the sustainability of the FPGC, and could increase patients survival and life quality.

Background: Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a rare condition characterized by elevation of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (TH). Its association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was described in 1993 and occurs in 1 of 1.3 million births., Clinical Case: We present a female patient with a family history of hypothyroidism. The patient's condition began in 2008 with symptoms of hyperthyroidism, elevated triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and TSH levels. Thyroid scan showed hypermetabolic activity and she was positive for anti-peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO). After administration of thiamazole, TSH increased. In 2009 she was diagnosed with clinical hypothyroidism, high levels of TSH, and normal T3 and T4 levels. Levothyroxine was prescribed but TSH increased and she presented clinical signs of hyperthyroidism. Patient abandoned treatment after 1 month. Her symptoms fluctuated among hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism and hypothyroidism. In 2010 she presented tachycardia, weight loss, and high T3, T4 and TSH levels. Thyrotropin-secreting adenoma (TSHoma) was suspected and ruled out by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) test was performed. TSH increased and the α-subunit of pituitary hormones retained low levels., Conclusions: RTH diagnosis requires exclusion of a TSHoma because both present a similar pattern according to thyroid tests. The association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and RTH is not well known. This pathological condition has a mutated TRβ gene in 75% of the cases.