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Wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) have characteristics that may influence the routing decisions, such as limited energy resources, storage and computing capacity. Therefore, a routing optimization needs to be done to match the characteristics of the WMSNs. Existing routing protocols only consider energy efficiency regardless of energy threshold, maximum energy, and link cost collectively as the primary basis of routing. In this work, the energy-efficient dynamic programming (EEDP) protocol is proposed to optimize routing decisions that take into account the energy threshold, the maximum energy, and the link cost. Then, the protocol is compared with the dynamic programming (DP), and the ant colony optimization (ACO) protocol. The simulation results show that the EEDP protocol can improve energy efficiency of nodes and network lifetime of the WMSNs. Then, the EEDP protocol is also implemented into a network topology of 10 NodeMCU ESP32 devices. As a result, the EEDP protocol can work very well by selecting routes based on nodes that have the remaining energy above 50 and has the shortest distance. The average delay in sending data for the entire route for the 10 iterations of sending data is 3.99 seconds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the leading causes of death worldwide. Life style changing is one of the important methods to delay the incidence of CHD. The awareness of life style changing is however still low. In order to improve awareness of life style changing, some CHD risk prediction models have been introduced. The existing models however either not well structured, not completed, static or offline. This paper introduces a new online CHD risk prediction model. The model is structured according to three risk factor groups including molecular structure, body system vital sign and bioenergy symphony. The model had also been compared with 5 existing models. Comparison results show that the model has better structure, adaptability and accessibility. Validation test using 120 subjects shows that the model prediction accuracy is 96.2%. This shows that the model is suitable to be used widely for CHD risk prediction both healthy and risk subjects as a preventive method in getting CHD in the earlier age.

Needle biopsy is a medical intervention method for taking a lung tissue sample that suspected as a cancer. The disadvantage is the physicians directly visualize the anatomical structures in an open surgery for lung cancer biopsy procedure. There is a need to develop an instrument that may help the physician to guarantee the accuracy and efficiency while performing needle aspiration biopsy. Therefore, a needle aspiration biopsy monitoring instrument or named as NAOMI is proposed. It consists of a microcontroller system, an IMU sensor, an ultrasonic ranging module, a bluetooth module, and a 9V lithium battery. The experimental testing consist of performance testing, functional testing using chest phantom, and user acceptances. The results showed that the NAOMI improve the accuracy and efficiency while performing the needle biopsy operation.