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We investigate the fluctuations of the spin current for the one dimensional XX spin chain starting from the domain wall initial condition. The generating function of the current is shown to be written as a determinant with the Bessel kernel. An exact analytical expression for the large deviation function is obtained by applying the Coulomb gas method. Our results are also compared with DMRG calculations., Comment: 46 pages, 4 figures

We study the time-dependent properties of double quantum dots coupled to two reservoirs using the nonequilibrium Green function method. For an arbitrary time-dependent bias, we derive an expression for the time-dependent electron density of a dot and several currents, including the current between the dots in the wide-band-limit approximation. For the special case of a constant bias, we calculate the electron density and the currents numerically. As a result, we find that these quantities oscillate and that the number of crests in a single period of the current from a dot changes with the bias voltage. We also obtain an analytical expression for the relaxation time, which expresses how fast the system converges to its steady state. From the expression, we find that the relaxation time becomes constant when the coupling strength between the dots is sufficiently large in comparison with the difference of coupling strength between the dots and the reservoirs., Comment: 58 pages, 7 figures

The one-dimensional symmetric exclusion process, the simplest interacting particle process, is a lattice-gas made of particles that hop symmetrically on a discrete line respecting hard-core exclusion. The system is prepared on the infinite lattice with a step initial profile with average densities $\rho_{+}$ and $\rho_{-}$ on the right and on the left of the origin. When $\rho_{+} = \rho_{-}$, the gas is at equilibrium and undergoes stationary fluctuations. When these densities are unequal, the gas is out of equilibrium and will remain so forever. A tracer, or a tagged particle, is initially located at the boundary between the two domains; its position $X_t$ is a random observable in time, that carries information on the non-equilibrium dynamics of the whole system. We derive an exact formula for the cumulant generating function and the large deviation function of $X_t$, in the long time limit, and deduce the full statistical properties of the tracer's position. The equilibrium fluctuations of the tracer's position, when the density is uniform, are obtained as an important special case., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures

In a recent contribution, Dotsenko establishes a Fredholm determinant formula for the two-point distribution of the KPZ equation in the long time limit and starting from narrow wedge initial conditions. We establish that his expression is identical to the Fredholm determinant resulting from the Airy$_2$ process., Comment: 11 pages, no figure

We consider a generalization of the Schur process in which a partition evolves from the empty partition into an arbitrary fixed final partition. We obtain a double integral representation of the correlation kernel. For a special final partition with only one row, the edge scaling limit is also discussed by the use of the saddle point analysis. If we appropriately scale the length of the row, the limiting correlation kernel changes from the extended Airy kernel., Comment: 28 pages, 2 figures

The studies of fluctuations of the one-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class using the techniques from random matrix theory are reviewed from the point of view of the asymmetric simple exclusion process. We explain the basics of random matrix techniques, the connections to the polynuclear growth models and a method using the Green's function., Comment: 41 pages, 10 figures, minor corrections, references added

The one-dimensional totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) is considered. We study the time evolution property of a tagged particle in TASEP with the step-type initial condition. Calculated is the multi-time joint distribution function of its position. Using the relation of the dynamics of TASEP to the Schur process, we show that the function is represented as the Fredholm determinant. We also study the scaling limit. The universality of the largest eigenvalue in the random matrix theory is realized in the limit. When the hopping rates of all particles are the same, it is found that the joint distribution function converges to that of the Airy process after the time at which the particle begins to move. On the other hand, when there are several particles with small hopping rate in front of a tagged particle, the limiting process changes at a certain time from the Airy process to the process of the largest eigenvalue in the Hermitian multi-matrix model with external sources., Comment: 48 pages, 8 figures

We study the spatial correlations of the one-dimensional KPZ surface for the flat initial condition. It is shown that the multi-point joint distribution for the height is given by a Fredholm determinant, with its kernel in the scaling limit explicitly obtained. This may also describe the dynamics of the largest eigenvalue in the GOE Dyson's Brownian motion model. Our analysis is based on a reformulation of the determinantal Green's function for the totally ASEP in terms of a vicious walk problem., Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures

We present a random matrix interpretation of the distribution functions which have appeared in the study of the one-dimensional polynuclear growth (PNG) model with external sources. It is shown that the distribution, GOE$^2$, which is defined as the square of the GOE Tracy-Widom distribution, can be obtained as the scaled largest eigenvalue distribution of a special case of a random matrix model with a deterministic source, which have been studied in a different context previously. Compared to the original interpretation of the GOE$^2$ as ``the square of GOE'', ours has an advantage that it can also describe the transition from the GUE Tracy-Widom distribution to the GOE$^2$. We further demonstrate that our random matrix interpretation can be obtained naturally by noting the similarity of the topology between a certain non-colliding Brownian motion model and the multi-layer PNG model with an external source. This provides us with a multi-matrix model interpretation of the multi-point height distributions of the PNG model with an external source., Comment: 27pages, 4 figures

The one-dimensional polynuclear growth model with external sources at edges is studied. The height fluctuation at the origin is known to be given by either the Gaussian, the GUE Tracy-Widom distribution, or certain distributions called GOE$^2$ and $F_0$, depending on the strength of the sources. We generalize these results and show that the scaling limit of the multi-point equal time height fluctuations of the model are described by the Fredholm determinant, of which the limiting kernel is explicitly obtained. In particular we obtain two new kernels, describing transitions between the above one-point distributions. One expresses the transition from the GOE$^2$ to the GUE Tracy-Widom distribution or to the Gaussian; the other the transition from $F_0$ to the Gaussian. The results specialized to the fluctuation at the origin are shown to be equivalent to the previously obtained ones via the Riemann-Hilbert method., Comment: 43 pages, 4 figures

We consider the multi-point equal time height fluctuations of a one-dimensional polynuclear growth model in a half space. For special values of the nucleation rate at the origin, the multi-layer version of the model is reduced to a determinantal process, for which the asymptotics can be analyzed. In the scaling limit, the fluctuations near the origin are shown to be equivalent to those of the largest eigenvalue of the orthogonal/symplectic to unitary transition ensemble at soft edge in random matrix theory., Comment: 51 pages, 8 figures

We study statistical properties of an NP-complete problem, the subset sum, using the methods and concepts of statistical mechanics. The problem is a generalization of the number partitioning problem, which is also an NP-complete problem and has been studied in the physics literature. The asymptotic expressions for the number of solutions are obtained. These results applied to the number partitioning problem as a special case are compared with those which were previously obtained by a different method. We discuss the limit of applicability of the techniques of statistical mechanics to the present problem., Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures

We study the stationary state of a simple exclusion process on a ring which was recently introduced by Arndt {\it et al} [J. Phys. A {\bf 31} (1998) L45;cond-mat/9809123]. This model exhibits spatial condensation of particles. It has been argued that the model has a phase transition from a ``mixed phase'' to a ``disordered phase''. However, in this paper exact calculations are presented which, we believe, show that in the framework of a grand canonical ensemble there is no such phase transition. An analysis of the fluctuations in the particle density strongly suggests that the same result also holds for the canonical ensemble., Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures