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In present work, the formation of nanostructured antiviral biosoluble ophthalmic drug films composed of sodium carboxymethylcellulose/polyphenol-gossypol-carboxymethylcellulose copolymer is described. The biorelease time and physico-chemical parameters of the ophthalmic drug films were regulated by changes in the degree of substitution and polymerization of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the pH value of its aqueous solutions. The morphology and size of the antiviral agent embedded in sodium carboxymethylcellulose films were determined by using atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The UV spectroscopy was used to observe drug release from the polymeric matrix and it was determined that the maximum drug release occurred after 24 h. By regulating the concentration of polyphenol-gossypol-carboxymethylcellulose copolymer antiviral substance in the polymer, the spherical nanoparticles with sizes of 5-24 nm and cubic nanoparticles with sizes of 46-95 nm were formed.

The article presents the results of the development of an integral indicator of road safety - the road safety coefficient. The value of the road safety coefficient shows how many times, at the same levels of motorization, the risk of death of a resident in road traffic (social risk) decreased/increased in comparison with the average social risk that existed in the world in the 40s of the last century, when there were no special programs on improving road safety. The use of the road safety coefficient allows you to compare the level of road safety in countries and regions with different populations and different levels of motorization. It is shown that social risk is a complex indicator, the value of which depends on the indicators of road safety at a lower level - the probability of participation of a resident in road traffic, which is equal to the value of motorization, the probability of death of a road user (transport risk), the probability of a road accident (active road safety), the intensity of road accidents (reliability of driving) and the average annual mileage of the car, the probability of death in a road accident (passive and post-accident safety). An equation is obtained that relates the value of social risk to the values of lower-level road safety indicators. The analysis of the level of road safety in Kyrgyzstan is carried out. It is shown how the condition of the traffic flow affects its average speed and the probability of road accidents. The influence of traffic flow density on its average speed and intensity of road accidents is considered. To assess the impact of the condition of a traffic flow on its average speed and road safety, the concept of the conventional density of a traffic flow is used. It is revealed that in the road conditions of Kyrgyzstan there is a critical conventional density, when exceeding it the transport risk, the probability of a road accident and the probability of death in a road accident begin to decrease rapidly with a further increase in the conventional density. The low efficiency of detection of exceeding a permitted speed when measuring the maximum speed of cars at certain points is shown. It is proposed to use the measurement of average speed on certain road sections as a means of reducing the number of drivers exceeding the speed limit.

The conditions for low and highly substituted water-soluble carboxymethyl cellulose synthesis based on microcrystalline and powder cellulose by the suspension method have been investigated. Accordingly, it was obtained CMC water-soluble samples with 0.38-0.40 substitution degree based on microcrystalline and powder cellulose. And at one stage, there were obtained CMC samples with a high degree of substitution (1.4) by carboxymethylation so called polyanionic cellulose.

The article presents the following materials: 1) Developed two-circuit automatic process control system on a lathe, designed to perform finishing types of treatments. 2) The developed automatic system provides regulation of two parameters of technological process: constancy of the tool feed and the gap in the hydrostatic guides is independent of changes in cutting forces, which ensures the accuracy of geometric dimensions and the quality of the product surface; 3) since one of the elements determining the high-quality operation of a hydrostatic pair is an information-measuring device-a differential inductive sensor, calculations of its parameters are given, as well as the characteristic of the amplifier to this sensor.

Introduction. Interferons (IFN) and IFN inducers are effective in suppressing viral reproduction and correcting of the innate immunity mechanisms. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis of the possible involvement of the IFN inducer CelAgrip (CA) as an activator or suppressor of antiviral effects in Burkitt’s lymphoma (LB) cell cultures with different ability to produce Epstein-Barr virus antigens (EBV). Material and methods. The kinetic analysis of the dynamics of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and determination of gene group expression by real-time PCR in response to CA treatment were done in human cell lines LB P3HR-1 and Namalva, spontaneously producing and not producing EBV antigens. Results and discussion. When treating CA in Namalva cells, a decrease in the ROS activation index was found; in P3HR-1 cells, an increase was observed. After treatment with CA, there was no reliable activation of the IFN-α, IFN-β and IFN-λ genes in Namalva cells, but the expression of the ISG15 and P53(TP53) genes was increased more than 1200 times and 4.5 times, respectively. When processing the CA of P3HR-1 cells, the expression of IFN-α genes increased by more than 200 times, IFN-λ - 100 times, and the ISG15 gene - 2.2 times. The relationship between IFN-inducing action of CA and the activity of ISG15 and ROS in LB cell cultures producing and not producing EBV antigens is supposed. Conclusion. In Namalva cells that do not produce EBV antigens the treatment of CA results in suppression of ROS generation and activation of the expression of genes ISG15 and P53 (TP53); in P3HR-1 cells producing EBV antigens, the opposite picture is observed - the formation of ROS and the expression of the IFN-α and IFN-λ genes are activated and the activity of the ISG15 and P53 (TP53) genes is suppressed.

Stable silver nanoparticles in solutions of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) were synthesized and their structure and physico-chemical properties were evaluated. The form and sizes of silver nanoparticles formed in solutions of CMC and cotton fabrics were studied using UV-VIS spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods. It was found that silver nitrate concentration increase in sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions, as well as photoirradiation of the hydrogel lead to the changes of the silver nanoparticles size and shape. Investigations have also shown that spherical silver nanoparticles with sizes of 5-35 nm and content of 0.0086 mass% in cotton fabrics possess high bactericidal activity. Stabilization of silver nanoparticles has preserved bactericidal and bacteriostatic activities during the washing of cotton fabrics and textiles on their base.

Stable silver Nanoparticles in solutions of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) were synthesized, and their structure and physico-chemical properties were studied. The form and sizes of silver nanoparticles formed in solutions of CMC and cotton fabrics were studied using UV-VIS spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods. It was found that the silver nitrate concentration increase in sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions, as well as photoirradiation of the hydrogel lead to the changes of the silver nanoparticles size and shape. Investigations have shown that spherical silver nanoparticles with sizes of 5-35nm and content of 0.0086 mass% in cotton fabrics possess high bactericidal activity. Stabilization of silver nanoparticles has preserved bactericidal and bacteriostatic activities during the washing of cotton fabrics and textiles on their base.

Introduction . The complexity of the treatment of herpetic keratoconjunctivitis is due to the severity of the disease, complications, the transition to chronic relapsing forms and the insufficient effectiveness of the drugs used, which leads to a steady increase in the number of patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the eye drug films «GlazAvir» in the experimental model of acute herpetic eye infection in rabbits. Research objectives: to study the specific activity of «GlazAvir» and compare the long-term indicators of the level of manifestation of individual clinical signs of keratoconjunctivitis. Material and methods . In the work we used rabbits of the Chinchilla breed, the herpes simplex virus type 1 and the eye drug films «GlazAvir». A model of ophthalmic herpetic infection was formed by infection of rabbits with virus-containing material of a pre-scarified eye cornea against the background of local anesthesia. Аnimals were treated with the drug «GlazAvir» - 1 application per day for 7 days. Animals were observed daily for 15 days, then every 3 days until the 25th day of observation. The effectiveness of the drug was evaluated at the peak of the development of the pathological process. Results and discussion. There was a decrease in mortality from 50 to 20%, and an increase in average life expectancy by 27.87%, compared with the control in animals treated with «GlazAvir». It was noted after activation of herpetic keratoconjunctivitis on the 2nd – 5th day, at the peak of the disease (6–9th day) a statistically significant decrease in the activity of the pathological process (p

This article is devoted to the decision to ensure traffic safety at railway crossings as part of the Safe City project in the Kyrgyz Republic. Railway crossings are objects of increased danger. Unfortunately, the rules for crossing crossings are not always followed, which leads to injury and death in traffic accidents. In order to completely eliminate the possibility of deaths at crossings, a program is being carried out in Western Europe to reduce the number of crossings and replace them with non-level intersections (using overpasses and tunnels). In the Netherlands, the construction of new crossings is completely prohibited. In Kyrgyzstan, the problem of loss of life on railways is not very acute due to the underdevelopment of railway networks, but nonetheless, propaganda of road safety while passing through level crossings, as well as working with the vulnerable part of road users, should be carried out regularly.

Introduction . Cytokines activated in response to immunosuppressive viral infections can directly or indirectly affect the neoplastic transformation of B cells. In this study, we studied a new substance designed to produce the antiviral drug CelAgrip (CA, CelAgripus), which exhibits interferon (IFN) and cytokine-inducing activity and, apparently, can be used as an activator of antiviral immunity. Purpose - is to evaluate the cytokine-regulating effect of CA in Burkitt's lymphoma (LB) cell lines latently infected with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Objectives : to study the CA-induced expression of the cytokine genes IL-ip, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, IFN-a, IFN -Y, IFN-p, IFN-A1, IFN-A2, IFN-A3, TNF-a in normal and EBV transformed LB cells. Material and methods . Cell line: the human embryo fibroblasts (HEF), Namalva, Daudi, Raji, P3HR-1. Preparations: CA, gossypol-acetic acid (GAA), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC). Methods: RT-PCR and methods for assessing cytotoxicity (MTT and Scepter 2.0 Merck cell counter). Results . The effect of the CA preparation on the expression of IFN- Л , IL-1p, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 genes was revealed. Discussion. We observed the activation of gene expression of IFN-A, IL-1P, IL-6, IL-8 and suppression of IL-10 gene activity when treatment CA of LB cells. Conclusion . The substance CA has new effects on the activation of the expression of a number of key cytokine genes in stable Burkitt lymphoma cell lines.

The aim of this work is to study the technical, chemical and group composition of biomass of the cotton crop (Cozipiym) and Shyralzhyn (Artemisia Dracunculus), to establish their suitability for obtaining chemical products. The results of the study established that the physical and chemical characteristics of Cotton crop and Shyralzhyn biomass is not inferior to oak wood and can be used for obtaining valuable chemical products and adsorbents. The study of the group composition of the analyzed plants showed that they can be used later on to produce cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose. The biomass of cotton crop and Shiralzhyn waste contains from 6.64 to 11% of pectin substances, which makes it possible to use as a sorbent against to ions of heavy metals and radionuclides. We isolated vegetable oil (fats) from the seed of tarragon polynyas – Shyralzhyn for the first time, the yield is 15.7%. The development of technology for the complex processing of waste from the cotton crop and Shyralzhyn (wormwood - tarragon) biomass are in prospective. Isolation of triglycerides (oils) from wormwood-tarragon kernels, by transesterification of esters, to produce methyl and ethyl esters of higher carboxylic acids, which can be used as additives to diesel fuels. Establish the main regularities of the recycling process. The extraction of extractive substances, such as tanning, natural dyes, lipids (waxes), antioxidants-polyphenols and pectins.

Introduction . Medicines from the group of interferon inducers (IFNs) “swith on” the synthesis of type 1 interferons (IFN-I) and induce the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that regulate innate immunity reactions and protect the host from infectious agents and the tumour pathology. The purpose of the study was to determine the role of the drug celagrip (CA) in the activation of innate immunity genes and the effect on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). Objectives : to study the intensity of ROS production and the level of expression of the IFN-α2, IFN-λ1, ISG15, BCL2, P53 (TP53) and USP18 genes in response to the treatment of blood cells of patients with FL with the preparation of CA. Material and methods . The study involved primary cancer patients diagnosed with follicular lymphoma (FL) and healthy volunteers. A kinetic analysis of the dynamics of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was performed in whose blood cells, and the expression of the group of genes was determined by real-time PCR in response to CA processing. Results and discussion . ROS production by blood cells of patients with FL and volunteers in the presence of CA significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). The level of gene expression of ISG15 , P53 (TR53) and USP 18 in the group of patients with FL was significantly higher than that in the group of volunteers. When treating blood cells with CA, it becomes possible to divide patients with FL into groups with a positive and negative response in accordance with the level of expression of the USP18 gene. We divided FL patients into groups with a positive and negative response in accordance with the level of USP18 gene expression after treatment of blood cells with CA. Conclusions . The CA drug reduces the production of ROS and simultaneously stimulates the activity of the innate immunity genes ISG15 , P53( TP53 ) and USP18 in the blood cells of patients with FL.