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1. Prevalence of Trachoma in Senegal: Results of Baseline Surveys in 17 Districts

Author

Sarr, Boubacar, Sissoko, Mactar, Fall, Mawo, Nizigama, Lionel, Cohn, Daniel, Willis, Rebecca, Fuller, Brian, O’Neil, Maggie, Solomon, Anthony W, and Project, for the Global Trachoma Mapping

Subjects
Public Health, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, Clean Water and Sanitation, Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Senegal, Sex Distribution, Trachoma, Young Adult, trichiasis, baseline survey, Global Trachoma Mapping Project, SAFE strategy, Opthalmology and Optometry, Public Health and Health Services, Epidemiology, Ophthalmology and optometry, Public health
Abstract

PurposeSenegal is endemic for trachoma, an infectious and potentially blinding eye disease. To complete the country's district-level baseline map of trachoma, we conducted population-based surveys in 17 health districts that were suspected-endemic but had yet to be surveyed.MethodsWe randomly selected 30 clusters (villages) per district and 30 households per village, and estimated the district-level prevalences of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) in children aged 1-9 years, and trichiasis in persons aged ≥15 years. Data on household-level water, sanitation, and hygiene variables were also collected. Global Trachoma Mapping Project methods were followed in training, fieldwork, and data handling.Results25,704 children aged 1-9 years and 30,345 adults aged 15 years and above were examined. In children aged 1-9 years, the prevalence of TF was

Published
2018

2. Tropical Data: Approach and Methodology as Applied to Trachoma Prevalence Surveys

Author

Harding-Esch, Emma M, primary, Burgert-Brucker, Clara R, additional, Jimenez, Cristina, additional, Bakhtiari, Ana, additional, Willis, Rebecca, additional, Bejiga, Michael Dejene, additional, Mpyet, Caleb, additional, Ngondi, Jeremiah, additional, Boyd, Sarah, additional, Abdala, Mariamo, additional, Abdou, Amza, additional, Adamu, Yilikal, additional, Alemayehu, Addisu, additional, Alemayehu, Wondu, additional, Al-Khatib, Tawfik, additional, Apadinuwe, Sue-Chen, additional, Awaca, Naomie, additional, Awoussi, Marcel S, additional, Baayendag, Gilbert, additional, Badiane, Mouctar Dieng, additional, Bailey, Robin L, additional, Batcho, Wilfrid, additional, Bay, Zulficar, additional, Bella, Assumpta, additional, Beido, Nassirou, additional, Bol, Yak Yak, additional, Bougouma, Clarisse, additional, Brady, Christopher J, additional, Bucumi, Victor, additional, Butcher, Robert, additional, Cakacaka, Risiate, additional, Cama, Anaseini, additional, Camara, Mamoudou, additional, Cassama, Eunice, additional, Chaora, Shorai Grace, additional, Chebbi, Amel Chenaoui, additional, Chisambi, Alvin Blessings, additional, Chu, Brian, additional, Conteh, Abdulai, additional, Coulibaly, Sidi Mohamed, additional, Courtright, Paul, additional, Dalmar, Abdi, additional, Dat, Tran Minh, additional, Davids, Thully, additional, Djaker, Mohamed El Amine, additional, de Fátima Costa Lopes, Maria, additional, Dézoumbé, Djore, additional, Dodson, Sarity, additional, Downs, Philip, additional, Eckman, Stephanie, additional, Elshafie, Bilghis Elkhair, additional, Elmezoghi, Mourad, additional, Elvis, Ange Aba, additional, Emerson, Paul, additional, Epée, Emilienne EE, additional, Faktaufon, Daniel, additional, Fall, Mawo, additional, Fassinou, Aréty, additional, Fleming, Fiona, additional, Flueckiger, Rebecca, additional, Gamael, Koizan Kadjo, additional, Garae, Mackline, additional, Garap, Jambi, additional, Gass, Katie, additional, Gebru, Genet, additional, Gichangi, Michael M, additional, Giorgi, Emanuele, additional, Goépogui, André, additional, Gómez, Daniela Vaz Ferreira, additional, Gómez Forero, Diana Paola, additional, Gower, Emily W, additional, Harte, Anna, additional, Henry, Rob, additional, Honorio-Morales, Harvy Alberto, additional, Ilako, Dunera R, additional, Issifou, Amadou Alfa Bio, additional, Jones, Ellen, additional, Kabona, George, additional, Kabore, Martin, additional, Kadri, Boubacar, additional, Kalua, Khumbo, additional, Kanyi, Sarjo Kebba, additional, Kebede, Shambel, additional, Kebede, Fikreab, additional, Keenan, Jeremy D, additional, Kello, Amir B, additional, Khan, Asad Aslam, additional, Khelifi, Houria, additional, Kilangalanga, Janvier, additional, Kim, Sung Hye, additional, Ko, Robert, additional, Lewallen, Susan, additional, Lietman, Thomas, additional, Logora, Makoy Samuel Yibi, additional, Lopez, Yuri A, additional, MacArthur, Chad, additional, Macleod, Colin, additional, Makangila, Felix, additional, Mariko, Brehima, additional, Martin, Diana L, additional, Masika, Michael, additional, Massae, Patrick, additional, Massangaie, Marilia, additional, Matendechero, Hadley S, additional, Mathewos, Tsedeke, additional, McCullagh, Siobhain, additional, Meite, Aboulaye, additional, Mendes, Elsa Palma, additional, Abdi, Hirpa M, additional, Miller, Hollman, additional, Minnih, Abdellahi, additional, Mishra, Sailesh Kumar, additional, Molefi, Tuduetso, additional, Mosher, Aryc, additional, M’Po, Nerkoua, additional, Mugume, Francis, additional, Mukwiza, Robson, additional, Mwale, Consity, additional, Mwatha, Stephen, additional, Mwingira, Upendo, additional, Nash, Scott D, additional, Nassa, Christophe, additional, Negussu, Nebiyu, additional, Nieba, Cece, additional, Noah Noah, Jean Claude, additional, Nwosu, Christian O, additional, Olobio, Nicholas, additional, Opon, Rapheal, additional, Pavluck, Alexandre, additional, Phiri, Isaac, additional, Rainima-Qaniuci, Merelesita, additional, Renneker, Kristen K, additional, Saboyá-Díaz, Martha Idalí, additional, Sakho, Fatoumata, additional, Sanha, Salimato, additional, Sarah, Virginia, additional, Sarr, Boubacar, additional, Szwarcwald, Celia L, additional, Shah Salam, Ahmad, additional, Sharma, Shekhar, additional, Seife, Fikre, additional, Serrano Chavez, Gloria Marina, additional, Sissoko, Mactar, additional, Sitoe, Henis Mior, additional, Sokana, Oliver, additional, Tadesse, Fentahun, additional, Taleo, Fasiah, additional, Talero, Sandra Liliana, additional, Tarfani, Youcef, additional, Tefera, Amsayaw, additional, Tekeraoi, Rabebe, additional, Tesfazion, Andeberhan, additional, Traina, Abubaker, additional, Traoré, Lamine, additional, Trujillo-Trujillo, Julián, additional, Tukahebwa, Edridah M, additional, Vashist, Praveen, additional, Wanyama, Ernest B, additional, Warusavithana, Supriya D.P., additional, Watitu, Titus K, additional, West, Sheila, additional, Win, Ye, additional, Woods, Geordie, additional, Yajima, Aya, additional, Yaya, Georges, additional, Zecarias, Alem, additional, Zewengiel, Solomon, additional, Zoumanigui, Akoi, additional, Hooper, Pamela J, additional, Millar, Tom, additional, Rotondo, Lisa, additional, and Solomon, Anthony W, additional

Published
2023
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4. Impact of a single round of mass drug administration with azithromycin on active trachoma and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence and circulating strains in The Gambia and Senegal

Author

Harding-Esch, Emma M., Holland, Martin J., Schémann, Jean-François, Sillah, Ansumana, Sarr, Boubacar, Christerson, Linus, Pickering, Harry, Molina-Gonzalez, Sandra, Sarr, Isatou, Andreasen, Aura A., Jeffries, David, Grundy, Chris, Mabey, David C. W., Herrmann, Bjorn, and Bailey, Robin L.

Published
2019
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5. The global burden of trichiasis in 2016

Author

Flueckiger, Rebecca M., primary, Courtright, Paul, additional, Abdala, Mariamo, additional, Abdou, Amza, additional, Abdulnafea, Zaid, additional, Al-Khatib, Tawfik K., additional, Amer, Khaled, additional, Amiel, Olga Nelson, additional, Awoussi, Sossinou, additional, Bakhtiari, Ana, additional, Batcho, Wilfried, additional, Bella, Assumpta Lucienne, additional, Bennawi, Kamal Hashim, additional, Brooker, Simon J., additional, Chu, Brian K., additional, Dejene, Michael, additional, Dezoumbe, Djore, additional, Elshafie, Balgesa Elkheir, additional, Elvis, Aba Ange, additional, Fabrice, Djouma Nembot, additional, Omar, Fatma Juma, additional, François, Missamou, additional, François, Drabo, additional, Garap, Jambi, additional, Gichangi, Michael, additional, Goepogui, André, additional, Hammou, Jaouad, additional, Kadri, Boubacar, additional, Kabona, George, additional, Kabore, Martin, additional, Kalua, Khumbo, additional, Kamugisha, Mathias, additional, Kebede, Biruck, additional, Keita, Kaba, additional, Khan, Asad Aslam, additional, Kiflu, Genet, additional, Yibi, Makoy, additional, Mackline, Garae, additional, Macleod, Colin, additional, Manangazira, Portia, additional, Masika, Michael P., additional, Massangaie, Marilia, additional, Mduluza, Takafira, additional, Meno, Nabicassa, additional, Midzi, Nicholas, additional, Minnih, Abdallahi Ould, additional, Mishra, Sailesh, additional, Mpyet, Caleb, additional, Muraguri, Nicholas, additional, Mwingira, Upendo, additional, Nassirou, Beido, additional, Ndjemba, Jean, additional, Nieba, Cece, additional, Ngondi, Jeremiah, additional, Olobio, Nicholas, additional, Pavluck, Alex, additional, Phiri, Isaac, additional, Pullan, Rachel, additional, Qureshi, Babar, additional, Sarr, Boubacar, additional, Seiha, Do, additional, Chávez, Gloria Marina Serrano, additional, Sharma, Shekhar, additional, Sisaleumsak, Siphetthavong, additional, Southisombath, Khamphoua, additional, Stevens, Gretchen, additional, Woldendrias, Andeberhan Tesfazion, additional, Traoré, Lamine, additional, Turyaguma, Patrick, additional, Willis, Rebecca, additional, Yaya, Georges, additional, Yeo, Souleymane, additional, Zambroni, Francisco, additional, Zhao, Jialiang, additional, and Solomon, Anthony W., additional

Published
2019
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6. The global burden of trichiasis in 2016

Author

Flueckiger, Rebecca M, primary, Courtright, Paul, additional, Abdala, Mariamo, additional, Abdou, Amza, additional, Abdulnafea, Zaid, additional, Al-Khatib, Tawfik K, additional, Amer, Khaled, additional, Amiel, Olga Nelson, additional, Awoussi, Sossinou, additional, Bakhtiari, Ana, additional, Batcho, Wilfried, additional, Bella, Assumpta Lucienne, additional, Bennawi, Kamal Hashim, additional, Brooker, Simon J, additional, Chu, Brian K, additional, Dejene, Michael, additional, Dezoumbe, Djore, additional, Elshafie, Balgesa Elkheir, additional, Elvis, Aba Ange, additional, Fabrice, Djouma Nembot, additional, Omar, Fatma Juma, additional, François, Missamou, additional, François, Drabo, additional, Garap, Jambi, additional, Gichangi, Michael, additional, Goepogui, André, additional, Hammou, Jaouad, additional, Kadri, Boubacar, additional, Kabona, George, additional, Kabore, Martin, additional, Kalua, Khumbo, additional, Kamugisha, Mathias, additional, Kebede, Biruck, additional, Keita, Kaba, additional, Khan, Asad Aslam, additional, Kiflu, Genet, additional, Mackline, Garae, additional, Macleod, Colin, additional, Manangazira, Portia, additional, Masika, Michael P, additional, Massangaie, Marilia, additional, Mduluza, Taka Fira, additional, Meno, Nabicassa, additional, Midzi, Nicholas, additional, Minnih, Abdallahi Ould, additional, Mishra, Sailesh, additional, Mpyet, Caleb, additional, Muraguri, Nicholas, additional, Mwingira, Upendo, additional, Nassirou, Beido, additional, Ndjemba, Jean, additional, Nieba, Cece, additional, Ngondi, Jeremiah, additional, Olobio, Nicholas, additional, Pavluck, Alex, additional, Phiri, Isaac, additional, Pullan, Rachel, additional, Qureshi, Babar, additional, Sarr, Boubacar, additional, Seiha, Do, additional, Serrano Chávez, Gloria Marina, additional, Sharma, Shekhar, additional, Sisaleumsak, Siphetthavong, additional, Southisombath, Khamphoua, additional, Stevens, Gretchen, additional, Woldendrias, Andeberhan Tesfazion, additional, Traoré, Lamine, additional, Turyaguma, Patrick, additional, Willis, Rebecca, additional, Yaya, Georges, additional, Yeo, Souleymane, additional, Zambroni, Francisco, additional, Zhao, Jialiang, additional, and Solomon, Anthony W, additional

Published
2018
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7. Population-based prevalence survey of follicular trachoma and trachomatous trichiasis in the Casamance region of Senegal

Author

Harding-Esch, Emma M., primary, Kadimpeul, Julbert, additional, Sarr, Boubacar, additional, Sane, Awa, additional, Badji, Souleymane, additional, Laye, Mass, additional, Sillah, Ansumana, additional, Burr, Sarah E., additional, MacLeod, David, additional, Last, Anna R., additional, Holland, Martin J., additional, Mabey, David C., additional, and Bailey, Robin L., additional

Published
2017
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8. Prevalence of Trachoma in Senegal: Results of Baseline Surveys in 17 Districts.

Author

for the Global Trachoma Mapping Project, Sarr, Boubacar, Sissoko, Mactar, Fall, Mawo, Nizigama, Lionel, Cohn, Daniel, Fuller, Brian, Willis, Rebecca, O'Neil, Maggie, and Solomon, Anthony W

Subjects
*TRACHOMA, *HEALTH surveys, *PUBLIC health, *SANITATION, *ANTIBIOTICS
Abstract

Purpose: Senegal is endemic for trachoma, an infectious and potentially blinding eye disease. To complete the country's district-level baseline map of trachoma, we conducted population-based surveys in 17 health districts that were suspected-endemic but had yet to be surveyed. Methods: We randomly selected 30 clusters (villages) per district and 30 households per village, and estimated the district-level prevalences of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF) in children aged 1-9 years, and trichiasis in persons aged ≥15 years. Data on household-level water, sanitation, and hygiene variables were also collected. Global Trachoma Mapping Project methods were followed in training, fieldwork, and data handling. Results: 25,704 children aged 1-9 years and 30,345 adults aged 15 years and above were examined. In children aged 1-9 years, the prevalence of TF was <5% in all 17 districts, with the exception of Saint-Louis (5.1%, 95% CI 3.2-7.5). Trichiasis prevalence in participants aged 15 years and above ranged by district from 0%-1.1% (95% CI 0.7-1.5), with 9 districts having trichiasis prevalences above the elimination threshold of 0.2%. Trichiasis was seen to be significantly less frequent in males than in females (0.17% [95% CI 0.12-0.24] versus 0.49% [95% CI 0.38-0.61], p < 0.001). The prevalence of trichiasis rose steeply with age; 62% of cases were observed in people aged 55 years or above. Conclusions: Active trachoma is not a public health problem in 16 of the 17 surveyed districts, and implementation of the full Surgery (S) - Antibiotics (A) - Facial cleanliness (F) - Environmental improvement (E) strategy is not a programmatic priority. Increased provision of trichiasis surgery is warranted in nine districts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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10. Diagnostic Accuracy of a Prototype Point-of-Care Test for Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis under Field Conditions in The Gambia and Senegal

Author

Harding-Esch, Emma M., primary, Holland, Martin J., additional, Schémann, Jean-François, additional, Molina, Sandra, additional, Sarr, Isatou, additional, Andreasen, Aura A., additional, Roberts, Chrissy h., additional, Sillah, Ansumana, additional, Sarr, Boubacar, additional, Harding, Edward F., additional, Edwards, Tansy, additional, Bailey, Robin L., additional, and Mabey, David C. W., additional

Published
2011
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11. Gender differences in the surgical management of trachomatous trichiasis: an exploratory analysis of global trachoma survey data, 2015-2019.

Author

Sullivan KM, Harding-Esch EM, Batcho WE, Issifou AAB, Lopes MFC, Szwarcwald CL, Vaz Ferreira Gomez D, Bougouma C, Christophe N, Kabore M, Bucumi V, Bella AL, Epee E, Yaya G, Trujillo-Trujillo J, Dejene M, Gebretsadik FS, Gebru G, Kebede F, Mathewos T, Cassama ETS, Sanha S, Barasa E, Sultani HM, Watitu T, Tekeraoi R, Kalua KM, Masika MP, Traoré L, Minnih AO, Abdala M, Massangaie ME, Win Y, Apadinuwe SC, Mishra SK, Sharma S, Amza A, Kadri B, Nassirou B, Mpyet CD, Olobio N, Hussain A, Khan AA, Jambi G, Ko R, Kello AB, Badiane MD, Sarr B, Dalmar A, Elshafie BE, Kabona GE, Kaitaba O, Mwingira U, Simon A, Kanyi S, Awoussi MS, Togbey K, Baayenda G, Francis M, Tukahebwa EM, Bakhtiari A, Keil AP, Maselko J, Westreich D, Garae M, Taleo F, Al-Khateeb TQ, Mwale C, Solomon AW, and Gower EW

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Sex Factors, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Trichiasis epidemiology, Trichiasis surgery, Trichiasis etiology, Trachoma epidemiology, Trachoma surgery
Abstract

Background: Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is a painful, potentially blinding eye condition that can be managed through epilation or surgery. Women are affected by TT approximately twice as often as men and are believed to face gendered barriers to receiving surgical care to prevent vision loss., Methods: We used data from 817 cross-sectional surveys conducted during 2015-2019 in 20 African countries to estimate the prevalence difference (PD) between female and male eyes for four outcomes potentially indicating gender-related differences in TT management: (1) received surgery and developed postoperative TT (PTT), (2) never offered surgery, (3) offered surgery but declined it, and (4) offered epilation but never offered surgery., Results: The prevalence was modestly elevated among female eyes compared with male eyes for having PTT (PD:1.8 [95% confidence limits (CL): 0.6, 3.0]) and having declined surgery for the eye (PD: 6.2 [95% CL: 1.8, 10.7]). The proportion offered epilation was similar by gender (PD:0.5 [95% CL: -0.4, 1.3]), while never having been offered surgery was somewhat more prevalent among male eyes (PD: -2.1 [95% CL: -3.5, -0.7])., Conclusions: Our results suggest potential gender differences in TT management. More research is needed to determine the causes and implications of the observed differences., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.)

Published
2023
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12. Quality Assurance and Quality Control in the Global Trachoma Mapping Project.

Author

Solomon AW, Willis R, Pavluck AL, Alemayehu W, Bakhtiari A, Bovill S, Chu BK, Courtright P, Dejene M, Downs P, Flueckiger RM, Haddad D, Hooper PJ, Kalua K, Kebede B, Kello AB, Macleod CK, McCullagh S, Millar T, Mpyet C, Ngondi J, Nwobi B, Olobio N, Onyebuchi U, Rotondo LA, Sarr B, Shafi O, Sokana O, West SK, Foster A, and For The Global Trachoma Mapping Project

Subjects
Chlamydia trachomatis pathogenicity, Humans, Information Storage and Retrieval, International Cooperation, Neglected Diseases microbiology, Neglected Diseases pathology, Prevalence, Quality Control, Trachoma microbiology, Trachoma pathology, Data Collection methods, Global Health statistics & numerical data, Health Surveys standards, Neglected Diseases epidemiology, Trachoma epidemiology
Abstract

In collaboration with the health ministries that we serve and other partners, we set out to complete the multiple-country Global Trachoma Mapping Project. To maximize the accuracy and reliability of its outputs, we needed in-built, practical mechanisms for quality assurance and quality control. This article describes how those mechanisms were created and deployed. Using expert opinion, computer simulation, working groups, field trials, progressively accumulated in-project experience, and external evaluations, we developed 1) criteria for where and where not to undertake population-based prevalence surveys for trachoma; 2) three iterations of a standardized training and certification system for field teams; 3) a customized Android phone-based data collection app; 4) comprehensive support systems; and 5) a secure end-to-end pipeline for data upload, storage, cleaning by objective data managers, analysis, health ministry review and approval, and online display. We are now supporting peer-reviewed publication. Our experience shows that it is possible to quality control and quality assure prevalence surveys in such a way as to maximize comparability of prevalence estimates between countries and permit high-speed, high-fidelity data processing and storage, while protecting the interests of health ministries.

Published
2018
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