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Your search keyword '"Sarosiek, C"' showing total 19 results
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19 results on '"Sarosiek, C"'

1. The accuracy of helium ion CT based particle therapy range prediction: an experimental study comparing different particle and x-ray CT modalities

Author

Volz, L, Collins-Fekete, C-A, Bär, E, Brons, S, Graeff, C, Johnson, RP, Runz, A, Sarosiek, C, Schulte, RW, and Seco, J

Subjects
Bioengineering, Animals, Helium, Phantoms, Imaging, Plastics, Protons, Swine, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, X-Rays, particle CT, helium ions, particle therapy, dual-energy CT, tissue, proton ct, range accuracy, Other Physical Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Abstract

This work provides a quantitative assessment of helium ion CT (HeCT) for particle therapy treatment planning. For the first time, HeCT based range prediction accuracy in a heterogeneous tissue phantom is presented and compared to single-energy x-ray CT (SECT), dual-energy x-ray CT (DECT) and proton CT (pCT). HeCT and pCT scans were acquired using the US pCT collaboration prototype particle CT scanner at the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center. SECT and DECT scans were done with a Siemens Somatom Definition Flash and converted to RSP. A Catphan CTP404 module was used to study the RSP accuracy of HeCT. A custom phantom of 20 cm diameter containing several tissue equivalent plastic cubes was used to assess the spatial resolution of HeCT and compare it to DECT. A clinically realistic heterogeneous tissue phantom was constructed using cranial slices from a pig head placed inside a cylindrical phantom (ø150 mm). A proton beam (84.67 mm range) depth-dose measurement was acquired using a stack of GafchromicTM EBT-XD films in a central dosimetry insert in the phantom. CT scans of the phantom were acquired with each modality, and proton depth-dose estimates were simulated based on the reconstructions. The RSP accuracy of HeCT for the plastic phantom was found to be 0.3 ± 0.1%. The spatial resolution for HeCT of the cube phantom was 5.9 ± 0.4 lp cm-1for central, and 7.6 ± 0.8 lp cm-1for peripheral cubes, comparable to DECT spatial resolution (7.7 ± 0.3 lp cm-1and 7.4 ± 0.2 lp cm-1, respectively). For the pig head, HeCT, SECT, DECT and pCT predicted range accuracy was 0.25%, -1.40%, -0.45% and 0.39%, respectively. In this study, HeCT acquired with a prototype system showed potential for particle therapy treatment planning, offering RSP accuracy, spatial resolution, and range prediction accuracy comparable to that achieved with a commercial DECT scanner. Still, technical improvements of HeCT are needed to enable clinical implementation.

Published
2021

2. Experimental realization of dynamic fluence field optimization for proton computed tomography

Author

Dickmann, J, Sarosiek, C, Rykalin, V, Pankuch, M, Rit, S, Detrich, N, Coutrakon, G, Johnson, RP, Schulte, RW, Parodi, K, Landry, G, and Dedes, G

Subjects
Medical and Biological Physics, Physical Sciences, Bioengineering, Biomedical Imaging, Clinical Research, Algorithms, Humans, Monte Carlo Method, Phantoms, Imaging, Proton Therapy, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, proton CT, dynamic fluence modulation, proton therapy, relative stopping power, dose reduction, Other Physical Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Medical and biological physics
Abstract

Proton computed tomography (pCT) has high accuracy and dose efficiency in producing spatial maps of the relative stopping power (RSP) required for treatment planning in proton therapy. With fluence-modulated pCT (FMpCT), prescribed noise distributions can be achieved, which allows to decrease imaging dose by employing object-specific dynamically modulated fluence during the acquisition. For FMpCT acquisitions we divide the image into region-of-interest (ROI) and non-ROI volumes. In proton therapy, the ROI volume would encompass all treatment beams. An optimization algorithm then calculates dynamically modulated fluence that achieves low prescribed noise inside the ROI and high prescribed noise elsewhere. It also produces a planned noise distribution, which is the expected noise map for that fluence, as calculated with a Monte Carlo simulation. The optimized fluence can be achieved by acquiring pCT images with grids of intensity modulated pencil beams. In this work, we interfaced the control system of a clinical proton beam line to deliver the optimized fluence. Using three phantoms we acquired images with uniform fluence, with a constant noise prescription, and with an FMpCT task. Image noise distributions as well as fluence maps were compared to the corresponding planned distributions as well as to the prescription. Furthermore, we propose a correction method that removes image artifacts stemming from the acquisition with pencil beams having a spatially varying energy distribution that is not seen in clinical operation. RSP accuracy of FMpCT scans was compared to uniform scans and was found to be comparable to standard pCT scans. While we identified technical improvements for future experimental acquisitions, in particular related to an unexpected pencil beam size reduction and a misalignment of the fluence pattern, agreement with the planned noise was satisfactory and we conclude that FMpCT optimized for specific image noise prescriptions is experimentally feasible.

Published
2020

8. Hippocampal Sparing Radiotherapy in adults with Primary Brain Tumors: A comparative planning and dosimetric study using IMPT, IMRT and 3DCRT

Author

Aka, P, Taylor, R, Hugtenburg, R, Lambert, J, Powell, J, Bevolo, T, Gao, M, Gondi, V, Hartsell, W.H, Bolsi, A, Beer, J, Belosi, M.F, Siewert, D, Lomax, A.J, Weber, D.C, Huang, Y.J, Huang, C.C, Chao, P.J, Liu, C, Shang, H, Ding, X, Wang, Y, Mammar, H, Froelich, Sébastien, Alapetite, Claire, Bolle, Stéphanie, Calugaru, Valentin, Feuvret, Loic, Helfre, Sylvie, Champion, Laurence, Goudjil, Farid, Dendal, Remi, Engelholm, S.A, Munck Af Rosenschold, P, Kristensen, I, Smulders, B, Muhic, A, Alkner, S, Jacob, E, Engelholm, S, Aljabab, S, Lui, A, Wong, T, Liao, J, Laramore, G, Parvathaneni, U, Kharouta, M, Pidikiti, R, Jesseph, F, Smith, M, Dobbins, D, Mattson, D, Choi, S, Mansur, D, Machtay, M, Bhatt, A, Lütgendorf-Caucig, C, Dunavölgyi, R, Georg, P, Perpar, A, Fussl, C, Konstantinovic, R, Ulrike, M, Piero, F, Eugen, H, Vidal, M, Gerard, A, Barnel, C, Maneval, D, Herault, J, Claren, A, Doyen, J, Dendale, R, Toutee, A, Pasquie, I, Goudjil, F, Lumbroso Lerouic, L, Levy, C, Desjardins, L, Cassoux, N, Elisei, G, Pella, A, Calvi, G, Ricotti, R, Tagaste, B, Valvo, F, Ciocca, M, Via, R, Mastella, E, Baroni, G, Saotome, N, Yonai, S, Makishima, H, Hara, Y, Inaniwa, T, Sakama, M, Kanematsu, N, Tsuji, H, Furukawa, T, Shirai, T, Sauerwein, W, Finger, P.T, Gallie, B, Gavrylyuk, Y, Thariat, J, Salleron, J, Maschi, C, Fevrier, E, Caujolle, J.P, Hofverberg, P, Angellier, G, Peyrichon, M.L, Breneman, J, Esslinger, H, Pater, L, Vatner, R, Habrand, J.L, Stefan, D, Lesueur, P, Kao, W, Véla, A, Geffrelot, J, Tessonnier, T, Balosso, J, Mahé, M.A, Lim, P.S, Rompokos, V, Chang, Y.C, Royle, G, Gaze, M, Gains, J, Vennarini, S, Francesco, F, Rombi, B, Amichetti, M, Schwarz, M, Lorentini, S, Mee, T, Burnet, N.G, Crellin, A, Kirkby, N.F, Smith, E, Kirkby, K.J, Roggio, M, Buwenge, M, Melchionda, F, Ammendolia, I, Ronchi, L, Cammelli, S, Morganti, A.G, Youn, S.H, Kim, J.Y, Park, H.J, Shin, S.H, Lee, S.H, Hong, E.K, Czerska, K, Winczura, P, Wejs-Maternik, J, Blukis, A, Antonowicz-Szydlowska, M, Rucinski, A, Olko, P, Badzio, A, Kopec, R, Franceschini, D, Cozzi, L, De Rose, F, Meattini, I, Fogliata, A, Cozzi, S, Becherini, C, Tomatis, S, Livi, L, Scorsetti, M, Garda, A, Fattahi, S, Michel, A, Mutter, R, Yan, E, Park, S, Corbin, K, Giap, H, LAM, W.W, Geng, H, Tang, K.K, Lee, T.Y, Kong, C.W, Yang, B, Chiu, T.L, Cheung, K.Y, Yu, S.K, Ma, M, Gao, X, Zhao, Z, Zhao, B, Mullikin, T, Routman, D, Yu, J, Greco, K, Fagundes, M, Shan, J, Daniels, T, Rule, W, DeWees, T, Hu, Y, Bues, M, Sio, T, Liu, W, chenbin, L, yuehu, P, yuenan, W, Bai, Y, Gao, X.S, Zhao, Z.L, Ma, M.W, Ren, X.Y, Salem, A, Woolf, D, Aznar, M, Azadeh, A, Eccles, C, Charlwood, F, Faivre-Finn, C, Teoh, S, Fiorini, F, George, B, Vallis, K, Van den Heuvel, F, Huang, E.Y, Juang, P.J, Pan, S, Hawkins, M, Clarke, M, Lowe, M, Radhakrishna, G, Schaub, S, Bowen, S, Nyflot, M, Chapman, T, Apisarnthanarax, S, Vitek, P, Kubes, J, Vondracek, V, Vinakurau, S, Zamecnik, L, Vitolo, V, Barcellini, A, Brugnatelli, S, Cobianchi, L, Vanoli, A, Fossati, P, Facoetti, A, Dionigi, P, Orecchia, R, Iannalfi, A, Vischioni, B, Ronchi, S, D’Ippolito, E, Petrucci, R, Yamaguchi, H, Honda, M, Hamada, K, Todate, Y, Seto, I, Suzuki, M, Wada, H, Murakami, M, Yu, Z, Zheng, W, Lien-Chun, L, Zhengshan, H, Qing, Z, Jiade, L, Guoliang, J, Fiore, M.R, D'Ippolito, E, Fukumitsu, N, Hayakawa, T, Yamashita, T, Mima, M, Demizu, Y, Suzuki, T, Soejima, T, Hartsell, W, Collins, S, Casablanca, V, Mihalcik, S, Brennan, E, Van Nispen, A, Corbett, A, Mohammed, N, Lee, P, van Nispen, A, Liang, Y.S, Mein, S, Kopp, B, Choi, K, Haberer, T, Debus, J, Abdollahi, A, Mairani, A, Ogino, H, Iwata, H, Hashimoto, S, Nakajima, K, Hattori, Y, Nomura, K, Shibamoto, Y, Li, P, Wu, S, Deng, L, Zhang, G, Zhang, Q, Fu, S, Yang, Z, Zhang, Y, Sasaki, R, Okimoto, T, Akasaka, H, Miyawaki, D, Yoshida, K, Wang, T, Komatsu, S, Fukumoto, T, Shuang, W, Xin, C, zhengshan, H, Shen, F, Vorobyov, N, Andreev, G, Martynova, N, Lyubinsky, A, Kubasov, A, Chen, J, Ma, N, Lu, Y, Zhao, J, Shahnazi, K, Lu, J, Jiang, G, Mao, J, Walser, M, Bojaxhiu, B, Kawashiro, S, Tran, S, Pica, A, Bachtiary, B, Weber, D, Gaito, S, Abravan, A, Richardson, J, Colaco, R, Saunders, D, Brennan, B, Petersen, I, Ahmed, S, Laack, N, Mizoe, J.E, Iizumi, T, Minohara, S, Kusano, Y, Matsuzaki, Y, Tsuchida, K, Serizawa, I, Yoshida, D, Katoh, H, Sakurai, H, Tujii, H, Kim, T.H, Park, J.W, Bo Hyun, K, Hyunjung, K, Sung Ho, M, Sang Soo, K, Sang Myung, W, Young-Hwan, K, Woo Jin, L, Dae Yong, K, Hong, Z, Wang, Z, Koroulakis, A, Molitoris, J, Kaiser, A, Hanna, N, Jiang, Y, Regine, W, DeCesaris, C.M, Choi, J.I, Carr, S.R, Burrows, W.M, Regine, W.F, Simone, C.B, Aihara, T, Hiratsuka, J, Kamitani, N, Higashino, M, Kawata, R, Kumada, H, Ono, K, Chou, Y.C, Dippolito, E, Bonora, M, Alterio, D, Gandini, S, Jereczeck, B.A, Kelly, C, Dobeson, C, Iqbal, S, Chatterjee, S, Hague, C, Li, T, Lin, A, Lukens, J, Slevin, N, Thomson, D, van Herk, M, West, C, Teo, K, Jeans, E, Manzar, G, Patel, S, Ma, D, Lester, S, Foote, R, Friborg, J, Jensen, K, Hansen, C.R, Andersen, E, Andersen, M, Eriksen, J.G, Johansen, J, Overgaard, J, Grau, C, Dědečková, K, Vítek, P, Ondrová, B, Sláviková, S, Zapletalová, S, Zapletal, R, Vondráček, V, Rotnáglová, E, Kwanghyun, J, Woojin, L, Dongryul, O, Yong Chan, A, Paudel, N, Schmidt, S, Ruckman, M, Gans, S, Stauffer, M, Helenowski, I, Patel, U, Samant, S, Gentile, M, Damico, N, Yao, M, Shuja, M, Routman, D.M, Foote, R.L, Garces, Y.I, Neben-Wittich, M.A, Patel, S.H, McGee, L.A, Harmsen, W.S, Ma, D.J, Sommat, K, Tong, A.K.T, Hu, J, Ong, A.L.K, Wang, F, Sin, S.Y, Wee, T.S, Tan, W.K, Fong, K.W, Soong, Y.L, Wallace, N, Fredericks, S, Fitzgerald, T, Vernimmen, F, Petringa, G, Cirrone, P, Agosteo, S, Attili, A, Cammarata, F.P, Cuttone, G, Conte, V, La Tessa, C, Manti, L, Rosenfeld, A, Lojacono, P.A, Hennings, F, Fattori, G, Peroni, M, Lomax, A, Hrbacek, J, Nguyen, H.G, Bach Cuadra, M, Sznitman, R, Schalenbourg, A, Pflaeger, A, Weber, A, Seidel, S, Stark, R, Heufelder, J, Mailhot Vega, R, Bradley, J, Lockney, N, Macdonald, S, Liang, X, Mazal, A, Mendenhall, N, Sher, D, Korreman, S.S, Andreasen, S, Petersen, J.B, Offersen, B.V, Gergelis, K, Jethwa, K, Whitaker, T, Shiraishi, S, Shumway, D, Press, R, Shelton, J, Zhang, C, Dang, Q, Tian, S, Shu, T, Seldon, C, Jani, A, Zhou, J, McDonald, M, Gort, E, Beukema, J.C, Spijkerman-Bergsma, M.J, Both, S, Langendijk, J.A, Matysiak, W.P, Brouwer, C.L, Baba, K, Numajiri, H, Murofushi, K, Oshiro, Y, Mizumoto, M, Onishi, K, Nonaka, T, Ishikawa, H, Okumura, T, Dominietto, M, Adam, K, Ahlhelm, F.J, Safai, S, Abdul-Jabbar, L, Song, J, Tseng, Y. D, Rockhill, J, Fink, J, Chang, L, Halasz, L. M, Guntrum, F, Steinmeier, T, Nagaraja, S, Jazmati, D, Geismar, D, Timmermann, B, Plaude, S, Lynch, C, Petras, K, Chang, J, Grimm, S, Lukas, R, Kumthekar, P, Merrell, R, Kalapurakal, J, Gross, J, Hoppe, B, Simone, C, Nichols, R.C, Pham, D, Mohindra, P, Chon, B, Morris, C, Li, Z, Flampouri, S, Powell, J.R, Murray, L, Burnet, N, Fernandez, S, Lingard, Z, McParland, L, O’Hara, D, Whitfield, G, Short, S.C, Guan, X, Gao, J, Hu, W, Yang, J, Xing, X, Hu, C, Kong, L, Zou, Z, Thomas, H, Sasidharan, B.K, Rengan, R, Zeng, J, Busold, S, Heese, J, Cerello, P, Bottura, L, Felcini, E, Ferrero, V, Monaco, V, Pennazio, F, de Rijk, G, Chang, H, KyungDon, C, Byunghun, H, Gyuseong, C, Chilukuri, S, Jalali, R, Panda, P.K, Korn, G, Larosa, G, Russo, A, Schillaci, F, Scuderi, V, Margarone, D, Fredén, E, Almhagen, E, Mejaddam, Y, Siegbahn, A, Guardiola, C, Gómez, F, Prieto-Pena, J, Fleta, C, De Marzi, L, Prezado, Y, Kabolizadeh, P, Reitemeier, P, Navin, M, Hamstra, D, Anderson, J, Stevens, C, Bartolucci, L, Adrien, C, Lejars, M, Vaillant, M, Fourquet, A, Robillard, M, Costa, E, Kirova, Y, Kolano, A.M, Degiovanni, A, Farr, J.B, Kundel, S, Pinto, M, Kurichiyanil, N, Würl, M, Englbrecht, F, Hillbrand, M, Schreiber, J, Parodi, K, Kurup, A, Magliari, A, Perez, J, Masui, S, Asano, T, Owen, H, Burt, G, Apsimon, R, Pitman, S, Popovici, M.A, Vasilache, R, Safavi-Naeini, M, Chacon, A, Howell, N, Middleton, R.J, Fraser, B, Guatelli, S, Rendina, L, Matsufuji, N, Gregoire, M.C, Sikora, K, Pettingell, J, Crocker, M, Saplaouras, A, Snijders, A, Mao, J.H, Nakamura, K, Bin, J, Gonsalves, A, Mao, H.S, Steinke, S, Roach, M, Leemans, W, Blakely, E, Takayama, K, Tan, T.S, Wee, J.T.S, Tuan, J.K.L, Wang, M.L.C, Quah, J.S.H, Tay, N.C.W, Lee, J.C.L, Lim, J.K.H, Oei, A.A, Tan, J.M, Park, S.Y, Chow, W.W.L, Omar, Y.B, Chew, P.G, Taylor, P, Lee, J, Tsurudome, T, Hirabayashi, M, Tsutsui, H, Yoshida, J, Takahashi, N, Kamiguchi, N, Hashimoto, A, Tachikawa, T, Mikami, Y, Kumata, Y, Wang, M, Chua, E.T, Wee, J, Wong, F.Y, Tuan, J, Master, Z, Wong, S, Welsh, J, Hentz, C, Pankuch, M, DeJongh, F, Xia, Y, Aitkenhead, A.H, Appleby, R, Merchant, M.J, MacKay, R.I, Young, H, Hughes, V, Alsulimane, M, Barajas, C.A, Taylor, J, Casse, G, Omar, A, Burdin, S, Boon, C, Lester, J, Thomas, A.J, Khan, A, Huthart, L, Leaver, K, Snell, J, Warlow, A, Burigo, L.N, Oborn, B, Belosi, F, Fredh, A, van de Water, S, Schneider, T, Patriarca, A, Bergs, J, Hierso, E, Hirayama, R, Martínez-Rovira, I, Seksek, O, Shirato, H, Nakamura, T, Ogino, T, Akimoto, T, Tamamura, H, Nishimoto, N, Proton-Net, G, Shimizu, S, Fabiano, S, Bangert, M, Guckenberger, M, Unkelbach, J, Mcauley, G, Teran, A, Slater, J, Wroe, A, Boon, I, Clorley, J, Owen, K, Oliver, T, Cicchetti, A, Ballarini, F, Rancati, T, Carrara, M, Zaffaroni, N, Bezawy, R. El, Carante, M, Valdagni, R, Faccini, R, Forte, G.I, Dhinsey, S, Greenshaw, T, Parsons, J, Welsch, C, Stock, M, Grevillot, L, Kragl, G, Carlino, A, Martino, G, Hug, E, Arya, H, Chirayath, V.A, Jin, M, Weiss, A.H, Glass, G.A, Chi, Y, Kaplan, L.P, Perez, R.A, Vestergaard, A, Gittings, E, Stamper, J, Beltran, C, Mark, P, Furutani, K, McAuley, G, Gordon, J, Boisseau, P, Dart, A, Nett, W, Kollipara, S, Grossmann, M, Actis, O, Diete, W, Rudolf, D, Klein, H.U, Kramert, R, Meer, D, Venkataraman, C, Waterstradt, T, Hérault, J, Bergerot, J.M, Hsi, W.C, Zhou, R, Zhang, X, Yang, F, Yinxiangzi, S, Sun, J, Li, X, Zhiling, C, Yuehu, P, Mengya, G, Haiyun, K, Qi, L, Zhentang, Z, Lin, Y.H, Tan, H.Q, Tan, L.K.R, Ang, K.W, Xiufang, L, Milkowski, K, Pang, D, Jones, M, Mizota, M, Tsunashima, Y, Himukai, T, Ogata, R, Uno, T, Ouyang, L, Jia, B, Li, D, Paul, K, Pullia, M, Savazzi, S, Lante, V, Foglio, S, Donetti, M, Falbo, L, Casalegno, L, Rousseau, M, Shinomiya, K, Yazawa, T, Iseki, Y, Kanai, Y, Hirata, Y, Powers, J, Solovev, A, Chernukha, A, Saburov, V, Shegai, P, Ivanov, S, Kaprin, A, Stolarczyk, L, Mojżeszek, N, Van Hoey, O, Farah, J, Domingo, C, Mares, V, Ploc, O, Trinkl, S, Harrison, R, Toltz, A, Nevitt, Z, Bloch, C, Taddei, P, Saini, J, Regmi, R, Yuntao, S, Jinxing, Z, Yap, J.S.L, Hentz, M, Silverman, J, Jolly, S, Boogert, S, Nevay, L, Kacperek, A, Schnuerer, R, Resta-Lopez, J, Zeng, X, Zheng, J, Li, M, Han, M, Song, Y, Holm, A, Korreman, S, Petersen, J.B.B, Bäumer, C, Fuenstes, C, Janson, M, Matic, A, Wulff, J, Psoroulas, S, Lomax, T, Arjomandy, B, Athar, B, Tesfamicael, B, Bejarano Buele, A, Deemer, J, Kozlyuk, V, VanSickle, K, Bolt, R, van Goethem, M.J, Langendijk, J, van t Veld, A, Chen, K.L, Wlodarczyk, B, Wu, H, Chen, Z, Shen, L, Fachouri, N, Placidi, L, Böhlen, T, Ieko, Y, Iwai, T, Nemoto, K, Suzuki, K, Kanai, T, Miyasaka, Y, Harada, M, Yamashita, H, Kubota, I, Kayama, T, Jensen, M.F, Bræmer-Jensen, P, Randers, P, Søndergaard, C.S, Nørrevang, O, Taasti, V.T, Kong, H, Yin, C, 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Choy, H, Miyashiro, I, Bush, D, Chuong, M, Kozarek, J, Rubens, M, Larson, G, Vargas, C, Hung, S.P, Hsieh, C.E, Huang, B.S, Tsang, N.M, Smith, N, Viehman, J, Harmsen, W, Elswick, S, Boughey, J, Harless, C, Jimenez, R, Hickey, S, DePauw, N, Ho, A, Taghian, A, MacDonald, S, Meek, A, Hedrick, S, Baliga, S, Gallotto, S, Lewy, J, Patteson, B, Speroni, S, Omsberg, A, Tarbell, N, Musolino, P, Yock, T, Indelicato, D, Rotondo, R, Mailhot, R, Uezono, H, Bradfield, S, Agarwal, V, Gillies, C, Gosling, A, Casares-Magaz, O, Eskildsen, S.F, Lassen, Y, Hasle, H, Tofting-Olesen, K, Alapetite, C, Puget, S, Nauraye, C, Beccaria, K, Bolle, S, Doz, F, Sainte-Rose, C, Bouffet, E, Zerah, M, Wu, J, Qiu, X, Hua, W, Mao, Y, Frakulli, R, Kramer, P.H, Glas, M, Blase, C, Tippelt, S, Konrath, L, Gruber, N, Schallerbauer-Peter, A, Mock, U, Niyazi, M, Niemierko, A, Schapira, E, Kim, V, Oh, K.S, Hwang, W.L, Busse, P.M, Loeffler, J.S, Shih, H.A, Appel, H, Tseng, Y.D, Tsai, H, Sinesi, C, Rossi, C, Badiyan, S, Kotecha, R, Pike, L, Horick, N, Yeap, B, Franck, K, Wang, I, Loeffler, J, McKenna, M, Shih, H, Kountouri, M, Kole, A.J, Murray, F.R, Kliebsch, U, Combescure, C, iannalfi, A, Riva, G, Dougherty, J, Kruse, J, Iott, M, Brown, P, Olivier, K, Brodin, P, Kabarriti, R, Schechter, C, Kalnicki, S, Garg, M, Tomé, W, Lu, J.J, Chen, P.J, Dhanireddy, B, Severo, C, Lee, C.H, Lin, C.R, Rosier, L, Mathis, T, DeLaney, T, Lin, S, O’Meara, E, Powell, T, Hong, T, Hall, D, Liu, A, Ntentas, G, Dedeckova, K, Darby, S, Cutter, D, Zapletalova, S, Chen, Y.L, Miao, R, Lee, H, Hsiao-Ming, L, Choy, E, Cote, G, Eulitz, J, Lutz, B, Enghardt, W, Lühr, A, Mcmahon, S, Prise, K, Sung Hyun, L, Tansho, R, Mizushima, K, Warmenhoven, J.W, Hufnagl, A, Friedrich, T, Deycmar, S, Gruber, S, Dörr, W, Pruschy, M, Waissi, W, Burckel, H, Nicol, A, Noel, G, Yousef, I, Koizumi, M, Santa Cruz, G.A, González, S.J, Longhino, J, Provenzano, L, Oña, P, Rao, M, Cantarelli, M.D.L.Á, Leiras, A, Olivera, M.S, Alessandrini, P, Brollo, F, Boggio, E, Costa, H, Ventimiglia, R, Binia, S, Nievas, S.I, Langle, Y, Eijan, A.M, Colombo, L.L, Kawai, K, Nakamura, H, Natsuko, K, Masaki, H, Nakada, M, Furuse, M, Miyatake, S.I, Koivunoro, H, Kankaanranta, L, González, S, Joensuu, H, Sokol, O, Hild, S, Wiedemann, J, Köthe, A, Perry, D, Batie, M, Mascia, A, Sertorio, M, Luhr, A, Suckert, T, Müller, J, Beyreuther, E, Gotz, M, Haase, R, Schürer, M, Tillner, F, von Neubeck, C, Davis, A, Sishc, B, Saha, J, Ding, L, Story, M, Wagner, S, Kim, S.Y, Geary, S, Woodruff, T, Xu, T, Meng, Q, Gilchrist, S, Perentesis, J.P, Zheng, Y, Wells, S.I, Kong, Y, Liu, Y, Geng, Y, Knoll, M, Schwager, C, Schlegel, J, Schnölzer, M, Ding, L.H, Aroumougame, A, Chen, B, Saha, D, Pompos, A, Carter, R, Nickson, C, Thomson, J, Hill, M, Rodrigues, D, Snider, J, Sharma, A, Zakhary, M, Kara, L, Vujaskovic, Z, Dykstra, M, Best, T, Keane, F, Khandekar, M, Fintelmann, F, Willers, H, Singh, P, Eley, J, Malyapa, R, Mahmood, J, Hårdemark, B, Sandison, G.A, Wootton, L.S, Miyoaka, R.S, Laramore, G.E, Yang, P, van der Weide, H, Maduro, J, Heesters, M, Gawryszuk, A, Davila-Fajardo, R, Langendijk, H, Eckhard, M, Maxwell, A, VanNamen, K, Cashin, M, Jacovic, A, Dunn, M, kim, T, Jung, J, Kim, J, Swerdloff, S, Saunders, A, Thomas, J, Kidani, T, Okada, A, Tomida, K, Pennington, H, Xiaoqiang, L, Weigang, H, An, Q, Di, Y, Craig, S, Inga, G, Peyman, K, Xuanfeng, D, Cunningham, C, de Kock, M, Slabbert, J, Panaino, C.M, Phoenix, B, Regan, P.H, Shearman, R, Collins, S.M, Taylor, M.J, Grayson, M, Kato, K, Choi, H, Jang, J.W, Shin, W.G, Min, C.H, McMahon, S, Padilla Cabal, F, Fragoso, J.A, Resch, A.F, Katsis, A, Girdhani, S, Marshall, A, Jackson, I, Bentzen, S, Parry, R, Gantz, S, Schellhammer, S, Hoffmann, A, Delorme, R, Dos Santos, M, Salmon, R, Öden, J, Bullivant, K, Rucksdashal, R, Ferret, E, Covington, F, Rice, S, Decesaris, C, Siddiqui, O, Kowalski, E, Samanta, S, and Rothwell, B

Subjects
Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0642, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0180, Biology: Biology and Clinical InterfacePTC58-0685, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0385, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0546, Clinics: EyePTC58-0714, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0528, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0507, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0661, Biology: Translational and Biomarkers Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0221, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0531, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0653, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy CombinationsPTC58-0163, Clinics: Sarcoma - LymphomaPTC58-0055, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy CombinationsPTC58-0166, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0198, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0421, Clinics: PediatricsPTC58-0560, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0709, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0664, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0286, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0666, Biology: Translational and Biomarkers Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0346, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0547, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0308, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0549, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle Design Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0111, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0050, Biology: Enhanced Biology in Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0587, Biology: Biology and Clinical InterfacePTC58-0454, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0052, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0395, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0534, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0072, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0533, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0538, Physics: Commissioning New Facilities Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0113, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0633, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0431, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle DesignPTC58-0230, Biology: Mathematical Modelling SimulationPTC58-0179, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0365, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0319, Biology: Translational and Biomarkers Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0697, Biology: Biology and Clinical InterfacePTC58-0663, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0240, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0177, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0363, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0487, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0209, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0206, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0294, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0127, Biology: Mathematical Modelling SimulationPTC58-0068, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0062, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0692, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0723, Physics: Commissioning New Facilities Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0494, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0643, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0521, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0402, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0405, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0273, Clinics: GIPTC58-0397, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0648, Biology: Enhanced Biology in Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0489, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0617, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0616, Physics: Dose Calculation and Optimisation Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0668, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0188, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0625, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0654, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0655, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy Combinations Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0133, Clinics: PediatricsPTC58-0313, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0659, Poster AbstractsClinics: CNSPTC58-0290, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0064, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0396, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0281, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0427, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0669, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0191, Physics: Dose Calculation and Optimisation Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0217, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0303, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0665, Clinics: Sarcoma - LymphomaPTC58-0495, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0398, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0667, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0425, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0541, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0584, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0540, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy Combinations Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0163, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0224, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0229, Clinics: PediatricsPTC58-0249, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle Design Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0555, Clinics: PediatricPTC58-0463, Physics: Commissioning New Facilities Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0556, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0498, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0078, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0270, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0032, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0274, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0614, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0026, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0280, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0091, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0593, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy CombinationsPTC58-0012, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0025, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0146, Clinics: Sarcoma - LymphomaPTC58-0261, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0110, Clinics: Lung / Sarcoma / LymphomaPTC58-0733, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0554, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0597, Physics: Dose Calculation and Optimisation Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0330, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0115, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0598, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0040, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0282, Biology: Enhanced Biology in Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0399, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0283, Physics: Commissioning New Facilities Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0569, Clinics: GUPTC58-0647, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0506, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0047, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0067, Clinics: GUPTC58-0409, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0065, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0586, Physics: Absolute and Relative Dosimetry PTC58-0393, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0712, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0645, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0683, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0107, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0266, Physics: Monitoring and Modelling MotionPTC58-0530, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0341, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0172, Physics: Commissioning New Facilities Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0456, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0170, Physics: Commissioning New Facilities Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0458, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0034, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0417, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0413, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0492, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0168, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0724, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0694, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0005, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0696, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0453, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0366, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0197, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle DesignPTC58-0652, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0017, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0338, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0539, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0390, Physics: Image Guidance Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0651, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0660, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0360, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0297, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0147, Scientific: RTTPTC58-0388, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0484, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0301, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0485, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0304, Physics: 4D Treatment and Delivery Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0532, Clinics: GIPTC58-0575, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0306, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0589, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0344, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0225, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0381, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0467, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0585, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0416, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0228, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0348, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0234, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0101, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0386, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0118, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0265, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0119, Clinics: GIPTC58-0218, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0267, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0387, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0142, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0269, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle DesignPTC58-0620, Clinics: PediatricsPTC58-0048, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0220, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0461, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0029, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0571, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0046, Clinics: GUPTC58-0557, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0211, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0131, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0373, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0411, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0595, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0361, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0414, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0537, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0628, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0271, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0307, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0359, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0354, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0419, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0035, Biology: BNCTPTC58-0474, Clinics: GIPTC58-0460, Biology: BNCTPTC58-0596, Clinics: GIPTC58-0222, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0193, Clinics: PediatricPTC58-0312, Clinics: GUPTC58-0441, Clinics: LungPTC58-0701, Clinics: EyePTC58-0536, Clinics: GUPTC58-0205, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0140, Clinics: GUPTC58-0208, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0020, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0195, Poster AbstractsClinics: CNSPTC58-0717, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0325, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0015, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0634, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0646, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0566, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0134, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0376, Biology: Mathematical Modelling SimulationPTC58-0462, Biology: BNCTPTC58-0567, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0527, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0482, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0693, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0518, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0686, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0202, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0322, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0564, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0680, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0247, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0682, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0440, Biology: Translational and BiomarkersPTC58-0514, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle Design Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0178, Clinics: EyePTC58-0520, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0231, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0424, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0471, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0356, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0491, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0250, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0650, Biology: Biology and Clinical InterfacePTC58-0719, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0232, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0353, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0511, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0219, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0238, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0512, Physics: 4D Treatment and Delivery Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0401, Clinics: PediatricPTC58-0688, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0457, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0214, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0459, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0516, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0372, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0011, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0254, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0332, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0468, Biology: Mathematical Modelling SimulationPTC58-0357, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0649, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0006, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0212, Physics: Image Guidance Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0565, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0018, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0019, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0576, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0335, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0577, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0621, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0426, Physics: Commissioning New Facilities Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0268, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0423, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0184, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0149, Clinics: GIPTC58-0378, Clinics: GIPTC58-0257, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0662, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0627, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0186, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0185, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0144, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0602, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0189, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0315, Clinics: Head and neckPTC58-0300, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0347, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0082, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0443, Physics: 4D Treatment and Delivery Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0629, Physics: Adaptive Therapy Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0007, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0472, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0515, Physics: Dose Calculation and Optimisation Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0606, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0450, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0657, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0551, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0192, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0675, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0194, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0544, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0199, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0037, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0207, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0434, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0036, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0278, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0394, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0151, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0154, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0428, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0116, Biology: Enhanced Biology in Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0435, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0681, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0323, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0583, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0448, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0251, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0721, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0203, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0455, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0130, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0679, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0329, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0604, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0449, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0132, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0607, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0122, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0243, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0165, Oral AbstractsPhysics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0437, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0377, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0125, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0245, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0337, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0334, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0121, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0563, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0321, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0477, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0480, Clinics: GUPTC58-0010, Clinics: EyePTC58-0684, Clinics: GUPTC58-0496, Clinics: Head and neckPTC58-0676, Clinics: GUPTC58-0137, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle Design Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0256, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0117, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0552, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0310, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0672, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0436, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0452, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0331, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0213, Biology: Mathematical Modelling SimulationPTC58-0272, Clinics: EyePTC58-0326, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0568, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0444, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0379, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0095, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0053, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0438, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0317, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0497, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0375, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0056, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0124, Clinics: GIPTC58-0009, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0014, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0374, Clinics: LungPTC58-0727, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0578, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0470, Clinics: LungPTC58-0204, Clinics: Head and neckPTC58-0227, Clinics: LungPTC58-0446, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0190, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0609, Clinics: LungPTC58-0689, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0021, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0262, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0081, Clinics: GIPTC58-0726, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0145, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0573, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0027, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0028, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0148, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0635, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0215, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0336, Poster AbstractsClinics: CNSPTC58-0535, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0187, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0084, General: New Investigator SessionPTC58-0339, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0420, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0523, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0088, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0112, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0182, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0615, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0080, Biology: BNCTPTC58-0085, Physics: Adaptive Therapy Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0722, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0253, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0255, Clinics: PediatricPTC58-0703, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0499, Physics: Image Guidance Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0380, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0259, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0288, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0045, Physics: Absolute and Relative DosimetryPTC58-0619, Clinics: PediatricPTC58-0707, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0196, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0074, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0077, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0073, Biology: BNCTPTC58-0075, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0093, Clinics: GUPTC58-0161, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0371, Physics: Monitoring and Modelling MotionPTC58-0181, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0120, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0362, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0364, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0473, Scientific: RTTPTC58-0641, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0296, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0004, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0128, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0316, Physics: 4D Treatment and Delivery Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0236, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0008, General: New Investigator SessionPTC58-0673, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0167, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0289, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0284, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0522, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0164, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0285, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0623, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0502, Clinics: GUPTC58-0293, Biology: Translational and BiomarkersPTC58-0599, Biology: BNCTPTC58-0063, Clinics: LungPTC58-0656, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0592, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0092, Poster AbstractsClinics: CNSPTC58-0302, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0464, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0352, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0465, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0476, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0100, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0235, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0349, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0094, Physics: 4D Treatment and Delivery Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0367, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0400, Biology: Translational and BiomarkersPTC58-0244, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0640, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0355, General: New Investigator SessionPTC58-0320, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0057, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0174, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0295, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0529, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0123, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0171, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0049, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0731, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0223, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0102, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0466, Scientific: RTTPTC58-0503, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0389, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0108, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0109, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0736, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0343, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0342, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0237, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0711, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0581, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0114, Clinics: Base of SkullPTC58-0730, Clinics: Head and neckPTC58-0383, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0559, Clinics: Base of SkullPTC58-0613, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0691, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0054, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0210, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0729, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0574, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0239, Scientific: RTTPTC58-0637, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0579, Clinics: Lung / Sarcoma / LymphomaPTC58-0176, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0699, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0156, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0333, Biology: Translational and BiomarkersPTC58-0345, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0369, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0509, Biology: Mathematical Modelling SimulationPTC58-0658, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0051, General: New Investigator SessionPTC58-0548, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0241, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0412, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0024, Clinics: LungPTC58-0226, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon, Proton and Photons Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0069, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0562, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0561, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0201, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0439, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0445, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0324, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0031, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0558, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0392, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0678, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle DesignPTC58-0090, General: New Investigator SessionPTC58-0630, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon / Proton and Photons Carbons / Proton and PhotonPTC58-0524, Physics: Commissioning New FacilitiesPTC58-0713, Clinics: GI, GU, BreastPTC58-0139, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0248, Clinics: CNS / Pediatrics / Lung Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0368, Biology: Enhanced Biology in Treatment PlanningPTC58-0519, General: New Horizons SessionPTC58-0720, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0083, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0311, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0674, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0553, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0023, Scientific: RTTPTC58-0612, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0677, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0545, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0601, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0725, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0098, Physics: Dose Calculation and OptimisationPTC58-0605, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon / Proton and Photons Carbons / Proton and PhotonPTC58-0517, Biology: Translational and Biomarkers Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0618, Physics: Monitoring and Modelling MotionPTC58-0481, Clinics: GI / Sarcoma Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0071, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0351, Physics: 4D Treatment and DeliveryPTC58-0702, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0734, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0611, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0486, Physics: Absolute and Relative Dosimetry Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0442, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy CombinationsPTC58-0327, Clinics: Head and Neck / EyePTC58-0096, Clinics: LungPTC58-0159, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0708, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0097, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0350, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon / Proton and Photons Carbons / Proton and PhotonPTC58-0016, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0104, Physics: Absolute and Relative Dosimetry Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0433, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0608, Biology: Translational and Biomarkers Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0610, Clinics: Head and neckPTC58-0058, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0715, Clinics: Head and neckPTC58-0298, Clinics: EyePTC58-0099, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0086, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0089, Clinics: Lung / Sarcoma / LymphomaPTC58-0200, Poster AbstractsClinics: CNSPTC58-0157, Clinics: LungPTC58-0141, Clinics: LungPTC58-0260, Clinics: LungPTC58-0264, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0513, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0631, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0469, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0384, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0639, Clinics: PediatricsPTC58-0700, Clinics: LungPTC58-0136, Clinics: BreastPTC58-0706, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0079, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy Combinations Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0406, Clinics: Base of SkullPTC58-0382, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0624, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle DesignPTC58-0173, Biology: Drug and Immunotherapy CombinationsPTC58-0358, Poster AbstractsClinics: CNSPTC58-0690, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0061, Clinics: Lung / Sarcoma / LymphomaPTC58-0580, Physics: Monitoring and Modelling MotionPTC58-0162, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0550, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0430, Clinics: Lung / Sarcoma / LymphomaPTC58-0103, General: New Investigator SessionPTC58-0252, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0704, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0418, Clinics: Base of SkullPTC58-0572, Clinics: Lung / Sarcoma / LymphomaPTC58-0106, Physics: Beam Delivery and Nozzle DesignPTC58-0022, Physics: Monitoring and Modelling MotionPTC58-0279, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0447, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0622, Clinics: PediatricsPTC58-0644, Biology: Biology and Clinical InterfacePTC58-0490, Clinics: CNS / Skull BasePTC58-0716, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0292, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon / Proton and Photons Carbons / Proton and PhotonPTC58-0570, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0059, Physics: Quality Assurance and VerificationPTC58-0710, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon / Proton and Photons Carbons / Proton and PhotonPTC58-0216, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0404, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0525, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0526, Poster AbstractsClinics: CNSPTC58-0328, Clinics: LungPTC58-0070, Clinics: Eye / Breast / Pelvis Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0135, Biology: BNCT Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0391, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0510, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0636, Physics: Treatment PlanningPTC58-0638, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0408, Physics: Absolute and Relative Dosimetry Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0632, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0318, Biology: Enhanced Biology in Treatment PlanningPTC58-0246, Clinics: PediatricsPTC58-0504, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0160, Physics: Image Guidance Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0076, Physics: Monitoring and Modelling MotionPTC58-0143, Biology: Mathematical Modelling and SimulationPTC58-0718, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0671, Clinics: LungPTC58-0183, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0670, Report, Physics: Treatment Planning Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0422, Biology: Biological Differences between Carbon / Proton and Photons Carbons / Proton and PhotonPTC58-0129, Physics: Adaptive Therapy Poster Discussion SessionsPTC58-0705, Biology: Enhanced Biology in Treatment PlanningPTC58-0258, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0030, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0150, Biology: Biology and Clinical InterfacePTC58-0479, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0153, Clinics: PediatricPTC58-0087, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0152, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0155, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0033, General: New HorizonsPTC58-0158, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0429, Biology: Translational and BiomarkersPTC58-0287, Physics: Adaptive TherapyPTC58-0403, Physics: Image GuidancePTC58-0309
Published
2020

11. Comprehensive Clinical Usability-oriented Contour Quality Evaluation for Deep learning Auto-segmentation: Combining Multiple Quantitative Metrics through Machine Learning.

Author

Zhang Y, Amjad A, Ding J, Sarosiek C, Zarenia M, Conlin R, Hall WA, Erickson B, and Paulson E

Abstract

Purpose: The current commonly-used metrics for evaluating the quality of auto-segmented contours have limitations and do not always reflect the clinical usefulness of the contours. This work aims to develop a novel contour quality classification (CQC) method by combining multiple quantitative metrics for clinical usability-oriented contour quality evaluation for deep learning-based auto-segmentation (DLAS)., Methods: The CQC was designed to categorize contours on slices as acceptable, minor edit, or major edit based on the expected editing effort/time with supervised ensemble tree classification models using seven quantitative metrics. Organ-specific models were trained for five abdominal organs (pancreas, duodenum, stomach, small and large-bowels) using 50 MRI datasets. Twenty additional MRI and nine CT datasets were employed for testing. Inter-observer variation (IOV) was assessed among six observers and consensus labels were established through majority vote for evaluation. The CQC was also compared with a threshold-based baseline approach., Results: For the five organs, the average AUC was 0.982±0.01 and 0.979±0.01, the mean-accuracy was 95.8±1.7% and 94.3±2.1%, and the mean risk-rate was 0.8±0.4% and 0.7±0.5% for MRI and CT testing dataset, respectively. The CQC results closely matched the IOV results (mean-accuracy of 94.2±0.8% and 94.8±1.7%) and were significantly higher than those obtained using the threshold-based method (mean-accuracy of 80.0±4.7%, 83.8±5.2%, and 77.3±6.6% using one, two, and three metrics)., Conclusion: The CQC models demonstrated high performance in classifying the quality of contour slices. This method can address the limitations of existing metrics and offers an intuitive and comprehensive solution for clinically oriented evaluation and comparison of DLAS systems., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Statement for All Authors EP and WAH received travel support from Elekta AB., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Published
2024
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12. Deep learning based automatic contour refinement for inaccurate auto-segmentation in MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy.

Author

Ding J, Zhang Y, Amjad A, Sarosiek C, Dang NP, Zarenia M, and Li XA

Subjects
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted methods, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Deep Learning
Abstract

Objective. Fast and accurate auto-segmentation is essential for magnetic resonance-guided adaptive radiation therapy (MRgART). Deep learning auto-segmentation (DLAS) is not always clinically acceptable, particularly for complex abdominal organs. We previously reported an automatic contour refinement (ACR) solution of using an active contour model (ACM) to partially correct the DLAS contours. This study aims to develop a DL-based ACR model to work in conjunction with ACM-ACR to further improve the contour accuracy. Approach. The DL-ACR model was trained and tested using bowel contours created by an in-house DLAS system from 160 MR sets (76 from MR-simulation and 84 from MR-Linac). The contours were classified into acceptable, minor-error and major-error groups using two approaches of contour quality classification (CQC), based on the AAPM TG-132 recommendation and an in-house classification model, respectively. For the major-error group, DL-ACR was applied subsequently after ACM-ACR to further refine the contours. For the minor-error group, contours were directly corrected by DL-ACR without applying an initial ACM-ACR. The ACR workflow was performed separately for the two CQC methods and was evaluated using contours from 25 image sets as independent testing data. Main results. The best ACR performance was observed in the MR-simulation testing set using CQC by TG-132: (1) for the major-error group, 44% (177/401) were improved to minor-error group and 5% (22/401) became acceptable by applying ACM-ACR; among these 177 contours that shifted from major-error to minor-error with ACM-ACR, DL-ACR further refined 49% (87/177) to acceptable; and overall, 36% (145/401) were improved to minor-error contours, and 30% (119/401) became acceptable after sequentially applying ACM-ACR and DL-ACR; (2) for the minor-error group, 43% (320/750) were improved to acceptable contours using DL-ACR. Significance. The obtained ACR workflow substantially improves the accuracy of DLAS bowel contours, minimizing the manual editing time and accelerating the segmentation process of MRgART., (© 2023 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.)

Published
2023
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13. Comparative accuracy and resolution assessment of two prototype proton computed tomography scanners.

Author

Dedes G, Drosten H, Götz S, Dickmann J, Sarosiek C, Pankuch M, Krah N, Rit S, Bashkirov V, Schulte RW, Johnson RP, Parodi K, DeJongh E, and Landry G

Subjects
Calibration, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Phantoms, Imaging, Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Proton Therapy methods, Protons
Abstract

Background: Improving the accuracy of relative stopping power (RSP) in proton therapy may allow reducing range margins. Proton computed tomography (pCT) has been shown to provide state-of-the-art RSP accuracy estimation, and various scanner prototypes have recently been built. The different approaches used in scanner design are expected to impact spatial resolution and RSP accuracy., Purpose: The goal of this study was to perform the first direct comparison, in terms of spatial resolution and RSP accuracy, of two pCT prototype scanners installed at the same facility and by using the same image reconstruction algorithm., Methods: A phantom containing cylindrical inserts of known RSP was scanned at the phase-II pCT prototype of the U.S. pCT collaboration and at the commercially oriented ProtonVDA scanner. Following distance-driven binning filtered backprojection reconstruction, the radial edge spread function of high-density inserts was used to estimate the spatial resolution. RSP accuracy was evaluated by the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) over the inserts. No direct imaging dose estimation was possible, which prevented a comparison of the two scanners in terms of RSP noise., Results: In terms of RSP accuracy, both scanners achieved the same MAPE of 0.72% when excluding the porous sinus insert from the evaluation. The ProtonVDA scanner reached a better overall MAPE when all inserts and the body of the phantom were accounted for (0.81%), compared to the phase-II scanner (1.14%). The spatial resolution with the phase-II scanner was found to be 0.61 lp/mm, while for the ProtonVDA scanner somewhat lower at 0.46 lp/mm., Conclusions: The comparison between two prototype pCT scanners operated in the same clinical facility showed that they both fulfill the requirement of an RSP accuracy of about 1%. Their spatial resolution performance reflects the different design choices of either a scanner with full tracking capabilities (phase-II) or of a more compact tracker system, which only provides the positions of protons but not their directions (ProtonVDA)., (© 2022 The Authors. Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)

Published
2022
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14. A comparison of proton stopping power measured with proton CT and x-ray CT in fresh postmortem porcine structures.

Author

DeJongh DF, DeJongh EA, Rykalin V, DeFillippo G, Pankuch M, Best AW, Coutrakon G, Duffin KL, Karonis NT, Ordoñez CE, Sarosiek C, Schulte RW, Winans JR, Block AM, Hentz CL, and Welsh JS

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Phantoms, Imaging, Protons, Radiography, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Swine, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, X-Rays, Proton Therapy
Abstract

Purpose: Currently, calculations of proton range in proton therapy patients are based on a conversion of CT Hounsfield units of patient tissues into proton relative stopping power. Uncertainties in this conversion necessitate larger proximal and distal planned target volume margins. Proton CT can potentially reduce these uncertainties by directly measuring proton stopping power. We aim to demonstrate proton CT imaging with complex porcine samples, to analyze in detail three-dimensional regions of interest, and to compare proton stopping powers directly measured by proton CT to those determined from x-ray CT scans., Methods: We have used a prototype proton imaging system with single proton tracking to acquire proton radiography and proton CT images of a sample of porcine pectoral girdle and ribs, and a pig's head. We also acquired close in time x-ray CT scans of the same samples and compared proton stopping power measurements from the two modalities. In the case of the pig's head, we obtained x-ray CT scans from two different scanners and compared results from high-dose and low-dose settings., Results: Comparing our reconstructed proton CT images with images derived from x-ray CT scans, we find agreement within 1% to 2% for soft tissues and discrepancies of up to 6% for compact bone. We also observed large discrepancies, up to 40%, for cavitated regions with mixed content of air, soft tissue, and bone, such as sinus cavities or tympanic bullae., Conclusions: Our images and findings from a clinically realistic proton CT scanner demonstrate the potential for proton CT to be used for low-dose treatment planning with reduced margins., (© 2021 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)

Published
2021
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15. An empirical artifact correction for proton computed tomography.

Author

Dickmann J, Sarosiek C, Götz S, Pankuch M, Coutrakon G, Johnson RP, Schulte RW, Parodi K, Landry G, and Dedes G

Subjects
Algorithms, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Phantoms, Imaging, Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Artifacts, Protons
Abstract

Purpose: To reduce image artifacts of proton computed tomography (pCT) from a preclinical scanner, for imaging of the relative stopping power (RSP) needed for particle therapy treatment planning using a simple empirical artifact correction method., Methods: We adapted and employed a correction method previously used for beam-hardening correction in x-ray CT which makes use of a single scan of a custom-built homogeneous phantom with known RSP. Exploiting the linearity of the filtered backprojection operation, a function was found which corrects water-equivalent path lengths (RSP line integrals) in experimental scans using a prototype pCT scanner. The correction function was applied to projection values of subsequent scans of a homogeneous water phantom, a sensitometric phantom with various inserts and an anthropomorphic head phantom. Data were acquired at two different incident proton energies to test the robustness of the method., Results: Inaccuracies in the detection process caused an offset and known ring artifacts in the water phantom which were considerably reduced using the proposed method. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of mean RSP values of all inserts of the sensitometric phantom and the water phantom was reduced from 0.87% to 0.44% and from 0.86% to 0.48% for the two incident energies respectively. In the head phantom a clear reduction of artifacts was observed., Conclusions: Image artifacts of experimental pCT scans with a prototype scanner could substantially be reduced both in homogeneous, heterogeneous and anthropomorphic phantoms. RSP accuracy was also improved., (Copyright © 2021 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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16. Analysis of characteristics of images acquired with a prototype clinical proton radiography system.

Author

Sarosiek C, DeJongh EA, Coutrakon G, DeJongh DF, Duffin KL, Karonis NT, Ordoñez CE, Pankuch M, Rykalin V, Winans JR, and Welsh JS

Subjects
Child, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Phantoms, Imaging, Radiography, Water, Head, Protons
Abstract

Purpose: Verification of patient-specific proton stopping powers obtained in the patient's treatment position can be used to reduce the distal and proximal margins needed in particle beam planning. Proton radiography can be used as a pretreatment instrument to verify integrated stopping power consistency with the treatment planning CT. Although a proton radiograph is a pixel by pixel representation of integrated stopping powers, the image may also be of high enough quality and contrast to be used for patient alignment. This investigation quantifies the accuracy and image quality of a prototype proton radiography system on a clinical proton delivery system., Methods: We have developed a clinical prototype proton radiography system designed for integration into efficient clinical workflows. We tested the images obtained by this system for water-equivalent thickness (WET) accuracy, image noise, and spatial resolution. We evaluated the WET accuracy by comparing the average WET and rms error in several regions of interest (ROI) on a proton radiograph of a custom peg phantom. We measured the spatial resolution on a CATPHAN Line Pair phantom and a custom edge phantom by measuring the 10% value of the modulation transfer function (MTF). In addition, we tested the ability to detect proton range errors due to anatomical changes in a patient with a customized CIRS pediatric head phantom and inserts of varying WET placed in the posterior fossae of the brain. We took proton radiographs of the phantom with each insert in place and created difference maps between the resulting images. Integrated proton range was measured from an ROI in the difference maps., Results: We measured the WET accuracy of the proton radiographic images to be ±0.2 mm (0.33%) from known values. The spatial resolution of the images was 0.6 lp/mm on the line pair phantom and 1.13 lp/mm on the edge phantom. We were able to detect anatomical changes producing changes in WET as low as 0.6 mm., Conclusion: The proton radiography system produces images with image quality sufficient for pretreatment range consistency verification., (© 2021 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)

Published
2021
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17. Technical Note: A fast and monolithic prototype clinical proton radiography system optimized for pencil beam scanning.

Author

DeJongh EA, DeJongh DF, Polnyi I, Rykalin V, Sarosiek C, Coutrakon G, Duffin KL, Karonis NT, Ordoñez CE, Pankuch M, Winans JR, and Welsh JS

Subjects
Calibration, Humans, Radiography, Water, Proton Therapy, Protons
Abstract

Purpose: To demonstrate a proton-imaging system based on well-established fast scintillator technology to achieve high performance with low cost and complexity, with the potential of a straightforward translation into clinical use., Methods: The system tracks individual protons through one (X, Y) scintillating fiber tracker plane upstream and downstream of the object and into a 13-cm -thick scintillating block residual energy detector. The fibers in the tracker planes are multiplexed into silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to reduce the number of electronics channels. The light signal from the residual energy detector is collected by 16 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). Only four signals from the PMTs are output from each event, which allows for fast signal readout. A robust calibration method of the PMT signal to residual energy has been developed to obtain accurate proton images. The development of patient-specific scan patterns using multiple input energies allows for an image to be produced with minimal excess dose delivered to the patient., Results: The calibration of signals in the energy detector produces accurate residual range measurements limited by intrinsic range straggling. We measured the water-equivalent thickness (WET) of a block of solid water (physical thickness of 6.10 mm) with a proton radiograph. The mean WET from all pixels in the block was 6.13 cm (SD 0.02 cm). The use of patient-specific scan patterns using multiple input energies enables imaging with a compact range detector., Conclusions: We have developed a prototype clinical proton radiography system for pretreatment imaging in proton radiation therapy. We have optimized the system for use with pencil beam scanning systems and have achieved a reduction of size and complexity compared to previous designs., (© 2020 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)

Published
2021
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18. Particle-Tracking Proton Computed Tomography-Data Acquisition, Preprocessing, and Preconditioning.

Author

Schultze B, Karbasi P, Sarosiek C, Coutrakon G, Ordoñez CE, Karonis NT, Duffin KL, Bashkirov VA, Johnson RP, Schubert KE, and Schulte RW

Abstract

Proton CT (pCT) is a promising new imaging technique that can reconstruct relative stopping power (RSP) more accurately than x-ray CT in each cubic millimeter voxel of the patient. This, in turn, will result in better proton range accuracy and, therefore, smaller planned tumor volumes (PTV). The hardware description and some reconstructed images have previously been reported. In a series of two contributions, we focus on presenting the software algorithms that convert pCT detector data to the final reconstructed pCT images for application in proton treatment planning. There were several options on how to accomplish this, and we will describe our solutions at each stage of the data processing chain. In the first paper of this series, we present the data acquisition with the pCT tracking and energy-range detectors and how the data are preprocessed, including the conversion to the well-formatted track information from tracking data and water-equivalent path length from the data of a calibrated multi-stage energy-range detector. These preprocessed data are then used for the initial image formation with an FDK cone-beam CT algorithm. The output of data acquisition, preprocessing, and FDK reconstruction is presented along with illustrative imaging results for two phantoms, including a pediatric head phantom. The second paper in this series will demonstrate the use of iterative solvers in conjunction with the superiorization methodology to further improve the images resulting from the upfront FDK image reconstruction and the implementation of these algorithms on a hybrid CPU/GPU computer cluster.

Published
2021
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19. Proof of concept image artifact reduction by energy-modulated proton computed tomography (EMpCT).

Author

Dickmann J, Sarosiek C, Rykalin V, Pankuch M, Coutrakon G, Johnson RP, Bashkirov V, Schulte RW, Parodi K, Landry G, and Dedes G

Subjects
Algorithms, Calibration, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Phantoms, Imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Artifacts, Protons
Abstract

Purpose: To reduce imaging artifacts and improve image quality of a specific proton computed tomography (pCT) prototype scanner by combining pCT data acquired at two different incident proton energies to avoid protons stopping in sub-optimal detector sections., Methods: Image artifacts of a prototype pCT scanner are linked to protons stopping close to internal structures of the scanner's multi-stage energy detector. We aimed at avoiding such protons by acquiring pCT data at two different incident energies and combining the data in post-processing from which artifact-reduced images of the relative stopping power (RSP) were calculated. Energy-modulated pCT (EMpCT) images were assessed visually and quantitatively and compared to the original mono-energetic images in terms of RSP accuracy and noise. Data were acquired for a homogeneous water phantom., Results: RSP images reconstructed from the mono-energetic datasets displayed local image artifacts which were ring-shaped due to the homogeneity of the phantom. The merged EMpCT dataset achieved a superior visual image quality with reduced artifacts and only minor remaining rings. The inter-quartile range (25/75) of RSP values was reduced from 0.7% with the current standard acquisition to 0.2% with EMpCT due to the reduction of ring artifacts. In this study, dose was doubled compared to a standard scan, but we discuss strategies to reduce excess dose., Conclusions: EMpCT allows to effectively avoid regions of the energy detector that cause image artifacts. Thereby, image quality is improved., (Copyright © 2021 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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