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GPUF 3, a new foxtail millet variety was developed at the Project Coordinating unit, ICAR- AICRP on Small Millets, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru for cultivation in zone 5 and zone 6 of Karnataka state. It has been evolved through pureline selection from germplasm IC 479864. This new variety matures in 85-90 days. This variety has semi compact and oblong shaped inflorescence. The grains are oval in shape and yellow in colour. This variety is moderately resistant to leaf blight and rust diseases and it is tolerant to shoot fly damage. GPUF 3 grain contains high calcium than check SiA 3156 and it contains iron content of 39.4 ppm, 11.6 per cent protein and 43.2 ppm of Zinc. Fodder contains high crude fiber, crude protein and crude fat content than check variety SiA 3156. New variety GPUF 3 recorded an average grain yield of 29.89 q/ha in station trials, 26.33 q/ha in Multilocation trials and 15.16 q/ha in farm trials with a mean grain yield of 23.79 q/ha across all the trials. GPUF 3 registered an average grain yield of 23.79 q/ha with a 19.12 per cent increased yield over check variety SiA3156. In All India Co-ordinated trials, GPUF 3 yielded 2753 kg/ha across the locations and ranked 11th across the locations in AICRP trials. This new variety is recommended for release in the Annual Plant Scientists Group meeting held at UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru on 1-3rdMarch 2021, Annual ZREP workshop of Zone-6 held on 5th April 2021, Annual ZREP workshop of Zone-5 held on 8th April 2021 and State varietal evaluation committee (SVEC) meeting held on 13th to 16th December 2021. NBPGR, New Delhi has issued national identity number IC 635733 for this variety. Because of its superior performance in zone 5 and zone 6 of Karnataka, this variety has been recommended for cultivation in the southern (Zone 6) and eastern (zone 5) dry zones of Karnataka state.

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (allo-HSCTs) dramatically reduce HIV reservoirs in antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppressed individuals. However, the mechanism(s) responsible for these post-transplant viral reservoir declines are not fully understood. Therefore, we modeled allo-HSCT in ART-suppressed simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCMs) to illuminate factors contributing to transplant-induced viral reservoir decay. Thus, we infected four MCMs with CCR5-tropic SHIV162P3 and started them on ART 6–16 weeks post-infection (p.i.), maintaining continuous ART during myeloablative conditioning. To prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), we transplanted allogeneic MHC-matched α/β T cell-depleted bone marrow cells and prophylactically treated the MCMs with cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus. The transplants produced ~ 85% whole blood donor chimerism without causing high-grade GvHD. Consequently, three MCMs had undetectable SHIV DNA in their blood post-transplant. However, SHIV-harboring cells persisted in various tissues, with detectable viral DNA in lymph nodes and tissues between 38 and 62 days post-transplant. Further, removing one MCM from ART at 63 days post-transplant resulted in SHIV rapidly rebounding within 7 days of treatment withdrawal. In conclusion, transplanting SHIV-infected MCMs with allogeneic MHC-matched α/β T cell-depleted bone marrow cells prevented high-grade GvHD and decreased SHIV-harboring cells in the blood post-transplant but did not eliminate viral reservoirs in tissues.

Context: Living with diabetes can be difficult since it can affect the patient in many ways. Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is described as a group of symptoms where neuropathy reduced blood supply and infection leads to tissue breakdown and morbidity. Aim: This study aims to determine the prevalence of DFS and associated sociodemographic and treatment-related factors among adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rural community. Setting and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an area under the rural health training centre of department of Community Medicine. Methods and Material: The study was conducted to determine DFS by measuring neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease using Michigan neuropathy screening instrument, and clinical examination. Statistical Analysis Used: The data collected was analyzed using SPSS 25. Results: The prevalence of DFS among those with type 2 diabetes mellitus was high (51.7%). DFS was associated with advanced age (>75 years), duration of diabetes for more than 5 years and with foot ulcer. Smoking and alcohol consumption were not associated with DFS. Conclusion: Half of those with diabetes had DFS. People with DFS were more likely to be older and living with diabetes for longer duration. This underscores the need for early identification of DFS by the primary care physicians. Further research on the role of health professionals at the primary care level in educating and screening DFS in people with diabetes are required.

Background: Endotracheal intubation is considered to be the benchmark for controlled ventilation during general anaesthesia. But supraglottic airway devices are taking the place of endotracheal tubes in many scenarios and i-gel is one such airway device. Aim and Objectives: To assess whether i-gel is comparable to endotracheal tube for pressure controlled ventilation at different inspiratory pressures. Material and Methods: Forty American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) III patients undergoing elective surgery were selected. Following induction, airway was secured with i-gel. Pressure controlled ventilation was initiated at four different pressures (10, 15, 20, 25 cm of H2O). Inspiratory and expiratory tidal volumes were measured and leak volume was calculated as thedifference of the two. Leak fraction was calculated by dividing leak volume by inspiratory tidal volume. Then i-gel was withdrawn, patient was intubated and the measurements repeated. Statistical analysis was done using two-tailed student's t test. Results: There was no significant difference on comparing the leak volume and leak fraction in the two groups at 10, 15 and 20 cm of H2O. However, at 25 cm of H2O, there was statistically significant difference in leak volume and leak fraction between the two groups. Conclusion: Igel can be considered as a safe alternative to endotracheal tube for pressure controlled ventilation at moderate pressures during anaesthesia.

We report clinical profile of hundred and nine patients with SARS CoV-2 infection, and whole genome sequences (WGS) of seven virus isolates from the first reported cases in India, with various international travel histories. Comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease were frequently associated with severity of the disease. WBC and neutrophil counts showed an increase, while lymphocyte counts decreased in patients with severe infection suggesting a possible neutrophil mediated organ damage, while immune activity may be diminished with decrease in lymphocytes leading to disease severity. Increase in SGOT, SGPT and blood urea suggests the functional deficiencies of liver, heart, and kidney in patients who succumbed to the disease when compared to the group of recovered patients. The WGS analysis showed that these isolates were classified into two clades: I/A3i, and A2a (four according to GISAID: O, L, GR, and GH). Further, WGS phylogeny and travel history together indicate possible transmission from Middle East and Europe. Three S protein variants: Wuhan reference, D614G, and Y28H were identified predicted to possess different binding affinities to host ACE2.

India's contributions to meeting global mean temperature increases of 2 °C or well below 2 °C would require transformational changes in its energy systems. A bottom-up model analyzes alternate futures (reference, intended nationally determined contributions and low-carbon scenarios) assuming equal per-capita cumulative emissions rights from 2011 through 2050. The cumulative CO2 budget for India for low-carbon scenarios during this period is estimated to be around 115 Bt-CO2, as against 165 Bt-CO2 for the reference scenario. To achieve such emission reductions, while maintaining high economic growth and meeting sustainable development goals, the paper projects that a range of endemic transformations are required such as shifting toward cleaner fuels, resource efficient technologies, widespread use of Information and communication technology (ICTs) to balance demand and supply (e.g. smart grids), substituting demand in transport (e.g. work from home), aggressive promotion of renewables, lifestyle changes, and CO2 capture, storage and use. Modeling decarbonization to meet the needs of the increasing population and urbanization faces myriad challenges due to the distributed nature of technologies used to provide various services, involving risks and uncertainties. The paper finally outlines specific opportunities and challenges faced to meet the increased mitigation ambition to limit the warming to 2 °C and below.

Multiple reports of familial clustering suggest that genetic factors may contribute in the pathogenesis of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT). We report three cases of AVNRT in a father and his two sons along with a review of literature of other similar cases. Electrophysiological studies induced typical AVNRT, which was successfully eliminated by radiofrequency ablation in all of them. Of the 22 reported cases, 96% had typical (slow-fast) variant of AVNRT. The predominant pattern of inheritance appears to be autosomal dominant, though other patterns may exist. Further research is needed to understand the genetic influence of AVNRT and its pathophysiology. Keywords: Familial, AVNRT, Tachycardia