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BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases tend to rise throughout the year in all parts of the world. The α-glucosidase inhibitors are frequently used to both prevent and treat T2DM. This α-glucosidase inhibitor activity is seen in some probiotic species, and a certain strain of Pediococcus acidilactici exhibits promising characteristics as an α-glucosidase inhibitor. This study was conducted to assess the hypoglycemic activity and safety of P. acidilactici strain DNH16 (PADNH16) in experimental rats with T2DM induced by streptozotocin. METHODS: The experiment was conducted in vivo using Wistar rats. Acarbose was employed as a positive control, and Lactobacillus casei was used as a comparative. For 24 days, post-prandial blood glucose levels were assessed every 3 days, followed by serum biochemical levels measurement of liver, kidney, and lipid profiles. The pancreas was histopathologically examined utilizing the Hematoxyline-Eosin staining procedure. RESULTS: Administration of PADNH16 to T2DM rats lowered post-prandial blood glucose levels and gave hypoglycemic benefits comparable to acarbose and commercial probiotics. PADNH16 dosing did not affect serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), urea, or creatinine levels, showing that PADNH16 was not hazardous to liver or kidney function. The lipid profile assessment revealed that the values, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides, were comparable to the control group. The pancreatic histopathology revealed that injection of PADNH16 caused no alterations to pancreatic β cells. CONCLUSION: P. acidilactici isolate DNH16 has a hypoglycemic effect on T2DM rats, but does not affect liver function enzymes, kidneys, lipid profiles and does not provide significant changes in pancreatic β cells. KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, inhibitor α-glucosidase, Pediococcus acidilactici strain DNH16

School quality is the most important aspect and a major issue in the education system. This research aims to explore the influence of teamwork and curriculum effectiveness on improving school quality. The method employed is based on a quantitative design with a survey approach. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 146 respondents. School quality is the key variable in this research. The data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS software to provide detailed information on the contribution of each variable's indicators. The findings of this research indicate a strong contribution from each variable in enhancing school quality. The R-square value for the curriculum effectiveness variable is 0.365, meaning that this variable contributes to a 36.5% improvement in school quality. On the other hand, the teamwork variable contributes 62.3% to school quality. These results clearly demonstrate the originality of this research, highlighting that teamwork in schools has a higher contribution value than curriculum effectiveness. Future research needs to examine how to establish teamwork in Islamic educational institutions in an effort to enhance quality.

Soft skills-based learning is very important to equip vocational high school students, one of which is entrepreneurship. This research aims to develop entrepreneurship learning through the "menara berkah" model. This research aims to develop entrepreneurship learning through the "menara berkah" model. This research is a type of development research including predevelopment stage of the model, model development, and validation or model testing stage. The research sample amounted to 25 people from two vocational high schools in Palembang and Yogyakarta. While data collection techniques using mixed methods and data analysis using statistical tests. Based on the construct of the model content assessment results obtained an average of 4.45, this score indicates that all aspects are components that are feasible to be used as material or content of entrepreneurship-based learning management models in the catering expertise competency. The "menara berkah" model is proven to be effective and applicable, with an average achievement of 4.76%, this indicates that this model can be used and can make it easier, especially in entrepreneurship-based learning. The results also show six competencies that must be possessed by students, namely: technical skills, decision making, organizational skills, marketing and financial management, risk taking, creativity, and innovation.

Mathematics education is looking for innovative methods to foster problem-solving skills in students. This research develops a problem-solving assessment using GeoGebra Classroom, a versatile interactive mathematics software, to revolutionize mathematics formative assessment and improve students' problem-solving skills. This study adopted the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) instructional design model stages. The design stage created a comprehensive assessment blueprint, incorporating GeoGebra Classroom functions to create interactive problem-solving tasks. Data analysis used both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Qualitative data consisted of feedback and suggestions from assessment experts, mathematicians, and GeoGebra specialists. Meanwhile, quantitative data included expert scores and cognitive tests that measured students' problem-solving abilities. A cognitive post-test was conducted to measure the progress of students' understanding while using the assessment product. The results of the content validity analysis, assessed using Aiken's V, ranged from 0.85 to 0.92, indicating a high level of validity for the problem-solving skills assessment in terms of content and construction. Some revisions were made to the design of the developed media to make it more interactive for students. These findings suggest that we can further use problem-solving questions integrated with GeoGebra Classroom to uncover the problem-solving skills of junior high school students.

Recently, some cases of human rights violations in immigration detention centers across Japan have attracted worldwide attention. Those inhumanely considered cases necessitated the United Nations expressing an opinion through the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention. This study found that ingrained ideologies of homogeneity in Japanese society give rise to immigration policies that tend to hinder the integration of immigrants into Japanese society. This research looks at three main areas: first, how the ideology of homogeneity led to prolonged immigration detention in Japan; second, whether immigration detention in Japan violates international human rights law; and, finally, the guarantee of human rights protection for detainees in Japan. a qualitative research method using a literature review to describe how ethnic homogeneity causes prolonged immigration detention in Japan that is against international law through an institutional frame.

Men who engage in sexual relationships with other men (MSM) are consider a high-risk group for HIV transmission, with MSM in Indonesia accounting for 17.9% cases of HIV in 2020. This qualitative study aimed to understand better the factors determining MSMs' motivation to disclose their sexual orientation. This research employed a phenomenological approach to explore the disclosure experiences of MSM in Palembang City. In-depth interviews and observations were conducted with 11 purposively recruited MSM informants and five MSM outreach workers to ensure data triangulation. Documentation and observations of the participants were conducted during various activities at the Intan Maharani Foundation (IMF). MSM participants observed extreme caution when disclosing their sexual orientation and only chose to reveal their sexual orientation to a very limited network, such as close friends, who are MSM, and at risk of HIV transmission. The hesitation to disclosing sexual orientation may be linked to the fact that only a few MSM had ever undergone an HIV test. MSMs, if they choose to, could share their status with Field Outreach (FO) during routine health check-ups. Findings of this study call for further research on barriers that hinder MSM from openly discussing their sexual orientation. Such research can inform policy and program developers on how to improve services, promote health literacy, foster confidence and trust among MSMs, hence facilitating their access to HIV services, enabling them to disclose their HIV status confidentially, safely, and in a respectful environment.

This study explores the potential of propolis, a natural substance, as a gene therapy for treating COVID-19. Despite the advent of COVID-19 vaccines, their side effects pose new health challenges. Utilizing network pharmacology, this research identifies propolis compounds through various databases and assesses their ability to target proteins associated with COVID-19. MAPK1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target, and molecular docking reveals Broussoflavonol F, Glyasperin A, and Sulabiroins as promising compounds with strong binding affinities, i.e.,- 9.0, -9.0, and -8.8 kcal/mol, respectively, exceeding the native ligand (-7.2 kcal/mol). Molecular Dynamics displays stable complex behavior, with backbone RMSD values consistently below 4 Angstroms and RMSF simulations showing minimal fluctuations within ±2 Angstroms error. Moreover, MM-PBSA analysis further supports the strong binding of Broussoflavonol F, Glyasperin A, and Sulabiroins A, with relative binding energies of -122.82±89.65, 131.48±95.39, and -155.97±111,37 kJ/mol, respectively. These results indicate that propolis has potential as an anti-COVID-19 agent, primarily through inhibiting the MAPK1 pathway. However, further research is needed to validate these results and develop practical applications for COVID-19 therapy. This study underscores the significance of network pharmacology and computational models in understanding propolis mechanisms, offering potential directions for future research and treatment strategies against COVID-19.

Indonesian universities are implementing various strategies to improve the quality and quantity of scientific publications. Sriwijaya University has restructured its research and community service grant services by implementing e-services through the new generation management information system of the institute of research and community service (SIM LPPM NG). Numerous studies have been performed to determine the factors that influence lecturer performance, particularly in scientific journals. The purpose of this research is to utilize a model to investigate the impact of system quality, information quality, and service quality on user satisfaction and performance. For partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), 280 respondents comprised the dataset. The results demonstrated that system quality, information quality, and service quality influence user satisfaction. Individual performance is influenced by the level of user satisfaction. According to the findings of this study, the DeLone and McLean information system success model can be used to evaluate obligatory e-services that are integrated.

Background and Aim: There has been continuous effort to search for alternative medicinal plants that are applicable to ameliorate viral disease on shrimp pond. This study aimed to examine the effect of Acanthus ilicifolius leaf extract on clinical symptoms and non-specific immune response of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Materials and Methods: A total of 330 shrimps were equally assigned into three extract forms (crude extract, ethyl acetate extract, and n-butanol extract, respectively) in which three levels were provided for each extract. Negative control (without leaf extract) and positive control (with oxytetracycline at 0.05 mg/mL) were used, giving a total of 11 experimental treatments. Results: The results showed that shrimps induced into all form of leaf extracts had significantly higher survival rates, clinical symptoms, and pathological anatomy than those negative control (C–) and positive control (C+). Total hemocyte cells, granulocytes, percentage of phagocytic, and prophenoloxidase activity were similar among leaf extract treatments (p>0.05), but those groups were significantly higher than those of C– and C+ (p

Stored carbon is present in plant stands by measuring plant biomass. The amount of carbon stock depends on the diversity and density of existing plants, soil types and management methods. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is an effect of differences in pyrite land on the size of carbon sequestration in oil palm plantations in the Production Plant (TM) phase (

Inclusiveness is a principle of our current school system. Inclusive education should ensure equal learning opportunities for all, avoid stigmatising differences, and accept diversity in pupils. The goals are promising, but the implementation of inclusive education is a wicked problem intertwined with student, teacher, school community and wider societal factors that are difficult to manage and reconcile. Can the goals of inclusive education to be achieved or will inclusiveness of schools lead to a situation where the conditions for learning, school practices and teaching resources are further stretched and learning for all becomes more narrowly focused? This article examines inclusive education as a wicked problem and how this perspective can aid in managing the inclusive education challenge at hand and how systemic design approach and service design can tackle these challenges. There will be provided four practical challenges where the proposed approaches and tools can be especially useful.

This study examines the role of Namibian secondary school science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) teachers' interest in STEM education and self-efficacy in implementing STEM education in science education curricula. Furthermore, it aimed to distinguish male and female Namibian teachers' interests and self-efficacy regarding STEM education and investigate how different teaching subjects affect them. To achieve this goal, a survey was completed with (n=200) secondary school teachers, both males and females. Data were analyzed quantitatively using exploratory factor analysis and analyzed covariance. The results show that most teachers were highly interested and confident in implementing STEM subjects into science curricula. While Namibian teachers indicated a high level of interest, they also revealed a high lack of interest in STEM, implying that at least some teachers felt bored and meaningless in implementing STEM education. However, gender plays a significant role in teachers' negative self-efficacy, with male teachers being less confident than female teachers in implementing STEM education. Moreover, teachers in the present study have high positive and negative self-efficacy levels regarding implementing STEM education. Therefore, these findings highlight the need for a paradigm shift, especially in the Namibian science curricula, to promote STEM subjects and to improve science education. Potential implications from this research also suggest that teachers' participants benefit significantly from learning within a community by engaging in solutions to real-world problems. [Note: The page range (297-311) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct page range is 297-312.]

This paper describes and compares primary school students' perceptions of science learning skills in a teacher-centered approach (TCA) and in inquiry-based science fieldwork (IBSF). This comparison was prompted by primary school students' perceptions of science learning skills, which has recently gained momentum, and the Namibian primary schools' recent curriculum shift from TCA to IBSF. The study utilized quantitative cross-sectional data (n = 237) collected from two primary schools in the Oshana region of Namibia. The data were gathered via an online survey and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the TCA and IBSF groups. The results revealed that the students had positive to fairly positive perceptions of science learning skills in IBSF and very negative to negative perceptions of science learning skills in TCA, with the difference between the two perceptions being statistically significant. This may indicate that Namibian primary school students find it hard to develop science learning skills under TCA. Therefore, the current study provided evidence for the need to focus more on supporting students' science learning skills, particularly problem-solving, communication and teamwork skills. This implies that the IBSF teaching approach, which allows students to become aware of the importance of science learning skills, must be adopted in Namibian primary schools. The paper also discusses the benefits of IBSF of science learning skills in students.

From personalized advertising to economic forecasting, artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming an increasingly important element of our daily lives. These advancements raise concerns regarding the transhumanist perspective and associated discussions in the context of technology-human interaction, as well as the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on education and critical pedagogy. In this regard, the purpose of this research paper was to investigate the intersection of AI and critical pedagogy by critically assessing the potential of AI to promote or hamper critical pedagogical practices in the context of transhumanism. The article provides an overview of the concepts of transhumanism, artificial intelligence, and critical pedagogy. In order to seek answers to research questions, qualitative research design was adopted, and GPT-3 was used as a data collection resource. Noteworthy findings include the similarity of the dialogue with the GPT-3 davinci model to a conversation between two human beings, as well as its difficulty in understanding some of the questions presented from a critical pedagogy perspective. GPT-3 draws attention to the importance of the relationship between humans in education and emphasizes that AI applications can be an opportunity to ensure equality in education. The research provides suggestions indicating the relationship between AI applications and critical pedagogy.

There is a clear need for highly competent health sciences experts. No instrument currently exists for assessing the generic competences of health sciences students. The aim of this study is to develop and psychometrically test the Health sciences Generic Competence (HealthGenericCom) instrument. The instrument development four step process has been conducted with a cross-sectional study design and according to the COSMIN guidelines. Face and content validity was tested by 13 experts, structural validity was tested with exploratory factor analysis, and internal consistency was evaluated by calculating Cronbach's alpha. The structural validity was tested using data from Finnish health sciences students (n=276). The content validity index of the whole HealthGenericCom instrument was 1 for relevance and for clarity. Using exploratory factor analysis a model of eight factors (with 88 items) was created: 1) competence in leadership, administration, and finance; 2) competence in people-centred guidance; 3) competence in health promotion; 4) competence in evidence-based practice; 5) digital competence; 6) competence in work well-being and self-management; 7) competence in collaboration and problem-solving; and 8) competence in societal interaction. The HealthGenericCom was shown to be valid and reliable and provides an evidence-based conceptual framework that can be used in developing curriculums and competence management.

This study aims to determine students learning obstacles in probability material based on their probabilistic thinking (PT) level using the theory of didactical situation (TDS) perspective. This is qualitative research with the case study method. The subject consisted of 23 grade 9 students in junior high school who had studied the material and had taken the test. The test results were used to classify students depending on their PT level using the framework developed by Graha A. Jones. Furthermore, interviews were performed with three representative students from each PT level. The interviews indicated that students in each PT level continue to face learning obstacles, which include instrumental ontogenic and epistemological obstacles. The lowest PT level demonstrated a more complex and comprehensive learning obstacle in all constructs of PT. From the TDS perspective, all students who are at various levels of PT have reached an action situation. Only 33% of the students at the subjective level and 83% of the students at the transition level reached the formulation situation. Still, students at that level needed help to reach the other two situations. Unlike the two previous levels, students at the level of quantitative informal thinking can achieve situations of validation and institutionalization.

Nutrition facts are the details on food packaging that describe its nutritional value, including serving size, calories, macronutrients like carbohydrates, protein, and fat, and micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals. These facts have mathematical concepts that can be utilized as a context for prospective teachers to create mathematical problems. By leveraging this real-world data, educators can contribute to multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), by promoting nutritional awareness, and SDG 4 (Quality Education) by enhancing student engagement and understanding through relatable examples. This study examines the profile of mathematical tasks created by prospective mathematics teachers using nutrition facts as a context that meets numeracy task criteria. Data were collected from 62 mathematical tasks created by 31 prospective teachers attending a realistic mathematics education course on numeracy based on a problem-posing task at a public university in Surabaya, Indonesia. The posed tasks were categorized into solvable or unsolvable tasks and the domains of the level of context use and the level of cognitive processes. Results revealed that the level of context use in the posed tasks varied from zero to second order. Surprisingly, most of the tasks were in the first-order level context. Most posed tasks reached the application level, with only a few identified as reasoning tasks. Interestingly, some tasks coded as second-order context were classified as reasoning tasks. The study provides implications for designing numeracy tasks using nutrition facts and interventions in teacher education related to numeracy task design.

Immunization is a highly cost-effective investment in health, proven to be an effective tool in controlling and eliminating dangerous infectious diseases. Health science students require evidence-based knowledge to tackle challenges in healthcare, particularly in the field of vaccination. The aim of the current study is to asses students' knowledge on vaccinations and further explore their feedback after attending Educating Vaccination Competence web-based course (EDUVAC web-based course). Students from five Higher Educational Institutes voluntarily participated in the EDUVAC web-based course. The course provided various study materials, including PowerPoint presentations, videos, quizzes, texts, and references to reputable websites. It also offered small assignments and self-tests for self-evaluation. An online questionnaire was available to students before and after they completed the EDUVAC web-based course. The mean knowledge score on vaccines increased significantly after the EDUVAC web-based course (p<0.001). The majority of the students (95%) felt that the web-based course has benefitted them for their future career and 96.4% would encourage other students to attend the EDUVAC web-based course. Overall, our findings suggest that EDUVAC is a valuable resource for those seeking to enhance their understanding of vaccination.

The study's purpose was to describe the competence in well-being at work of social and health care educators and the factors influencing it. Cross-sectional study. Data were collected using a questionnaire from social and health care educators (n=243) working at ten randomly selected educational organizations. K-means clustering was used to identify three distinct educator profiles. Educators belonging to profiles 1 and 2 exhibited low competence in managing work wellbeing. All profiles exhibited intermediate competence in promoting work wellbeing. Competence in appreciating the work of educators was either intermediate or high in all three profiles. Managers working in educational organizations need to ensure and support educators' well-being.

Health science teacher candidates should acquire skills for professional development during their education as teachers, both to ensure their professional competence and improve the quality of learning. This study aimed to identify the competence levels and competence development needs of health science teacher candidates, and the factors associated with those needs. The research applied cross-sectional design and was conducted in winter 2018-2019 in Finland. The Health and Social Care Educator's Competence instrument and the Educators' Professional Development instrument were used to collect data. Teacher candidates evaluated their competence as good into all areas of competence. Candidates' level of need to develop pedagogical competence related to their level of competence in leadership and management, subject and curriculum, and digital collaborative learning. Candidates with a higher level of collaboration and societal competence needed less development to manage challenging situations in teaching. Candidates with more work experience as an educator needed less competence development in managing challenging situations and leadership support. Based on the results, micro level competence should be developed from the start of health science teaching studies, and the latter stages of their studies should develop their macro level competence.

Students are expected to have 21st century skills and be STEM literate for successful future careers. Teachers who will include teaching practices to develop these skills should have these competencies. Therefore, it is important how teachers perceive 21st century competencies and STEM education or what kind of tendencies they have in this context. This study aims to examine science teachers' self-efficacy perceptions towards 21st century skills and their STEM attitudes and to reveal the relationship between them. Fifty teachers working in a city in Turkey participated in the study in which the concurrent mixed methods research design was used. Scales of self-efficacy perceptions towards 21st century skills and STEM attitudes were used as data collection tools. Independent sample t-test, Mann Whitney U test (MWU), Kruskal Wallis-H test (KWH) and Spearman Correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. In the study, a significant and positive relationship was determined between teachers' self-efficacy perceptions and their STEM attitudes. It was determined that teachers with self-efficacy perception had positive STEM attitudes. Qualitative data consisting of teachers' opinions supports these findings. It was observed that while teachers' gender and professional seniority did not make a difference in self-efficacy perceptions, STEM attitudes differed in favour of women according to gender, and there was no difference according to professional seniority.

Carefully chosen picturebooks offer a developmentally appropriate medium for helping children understand even the most complex challenges. However, it may be difficult for teachers to find high-quality children's books for explaining multifaceted topics such as climate change. This study explores the contents of a set of picturebooks about climate change with consideration of both their literary and scientific aspects. Through content analysis, we examine nine picturebooks available in Turkish related to climate change. We address the quality of these picturebooks in terms of narrative elements such as characters, settings, narrative structures (i.e., initiating events, problems, and resolutions), language, illustrations, and the scientific accuracy of the contents. Looking at the examples of these Turkish picturebooks, we observe that narrative structures should be balanced in terms of appropriate places and times. Furthermore, scientific terms and explanations should be more accurate and child-friendly when dealing with complex topics such as climate change. Finally, we discuss the need for high-quality picturebooks that deal with climate change carefully.

Children with autistic symptoms experience challenges in school settings, yet little is known about their academic profiles and the mechanisms underlying the association between autistic symptoms and academic achievement. This study examined the association between autistic symptoms and academic achievement in a population-based sample of children with and without (sub)clinical autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We also investigated potential sex differences and assessed if the association is mediated by vocabulary skills and behavior problems. Information was available for 2038 participants (48.3% boys), and autistic symptoms were assessed using the Social Responsiveness Scale (M = 6.8 years). Diagnosis of ASD was clinically confirmed in 28 children. Academic achievement was determined by a nationwide, standardized test assessed at the end of primary school (M = 11.8 years). Children with more autistic symptoms in early childhood had lower achievement scores in language, mathematics, and world orientation by the end of primary education. There were no sex differences. Furthermore, vocabulary skills and behavior problems partly mediated the association between autistic symptoms and academic achievement. Then, by using propensity matching technique, we compared 140 matched typically developing peers with 28 children diagnosed with ASD. These results indicated no differences in academic achievement between children diagnosed with ASD and their matched typically developing peers. We conclude that autistic symptoms associate with lower academic achievement but by carefully matching on background variables and potential confounders, the academic achievement of children with clinical ASD might not differ from that of their typically developing peers.

Chlorine exposure can cause severe airway injuries. While the acute effects of chlorine inhalation are well-documented, the structural changes resulting from the post-acute, high-level chlorine exposure remain less understood. Airway sloughing is one of the standards for doctors to evaluate the lung function. Here, we report the application of a high-resolution swept-source optical coherence tomography system to investigate the progression of injury based on airway sloughing evaluation in a chlorine inhalation rabbit model. This system employs a 1.2 mm diameter flexible fiberoptic endoscopic probe via an endotracheal tube to capture in vivo large airway anatomical changes before and as early as 30 min after acute chlorine exposure. We conducted an animal study using New Zealand white rabbits exposed to acute chlorine gas (800 ppm, 6 min) during ventilation and monitored them using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for 6 h. To measure the volume of airway sloughing induced by chlorine gas, we utilized deep learning for the segmentation task on OCT images. The results showed that the volume of chlorine induced epithelial sloughing on rabbit tracheal walls initially increased, peaked around 30 min, and then decreased. Furthermore, we utilized a spectral encoded interferometric microscopy system to study ex vivo airway cilia beating dynamics based on Doppler shift, aiding in elucidating how chlorine gas affects cilia beating function. Cilia movability and beating frequency were decreased because of the epithelium damage. This quantitative approach has the potential to enhance the diagnosis and monitoring of injuries from toxic gas inhalation and to evaluate the efficacy of antidote treatments for these injuries.

The disaster in Karo District due to the eruption of Mount Sinabung on September 15, 2013 has claimed lives, damage to homes, agricultural land and property. This affected the economic and social conditions of affected farmers, so the government intervened to improve these conditions through a rehabilitation and reconstruction program. The purpose of this study is to compare the economic and social conditions of the community before and after the eruption of Mount Sinabung due to rehabilitation and reconstruction activities and examine community participation in recovery activities. The analytical method uses the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, with two related samples namely the measurement of conditions before the disaster and after the post-disaster rehabilitation-reconstruction are not mutually free. The results show that the land owned by respondents after the disaster was reduced, but land tenure by respondents increased because they rented land elsewhere. The types and number of livestock have decreased such as buffalos and chickens, but cattle have increased due to the aid in purchasing cattle. Money capital has increased because of the provision of financial assistance from the private sector or government. The number of kiosks and sales turnover increased with the change of the area around the disaster into a tourist destination. Likewise, farm family income has increased with the new arable land in Siosar which is planted with vegetables in addition to the results of coffee on the old land that is ready to harvest. Resilience of respondent faces disaster and willingness to rise from disaster in the category of vulnerable and increasing. Work ethic in the high category increases, but in the medium category it actually decreases. The dependency of aid from the government in the high category increases, but in the low category it decreases.

Instagram as a social media network has produced influencers who are influential in disseminating information and messages digitally. Influencers are considered capable of impacting their followers through photo uploads and electronic word of mouth (EWoM) which they post on their social media feeds. This study was conducted qualitatively with a literature review approach and indirect interviews with influencers and their followers. The results show that the role of influencers has an impact on followers based on what they upload and what they write about on Instagram. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Media sosial Instagram telah melahirkan para influencer yang berpengaruh dalam penyebaran informasi dan pesan secara digital. Influencer dinilai mampu memberikan dampak bagi para pengikutnya melalui unggahan foto dan electronic word of mouth (EWom) yang mereka sampaikan di media sosial mereka. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan literature review dan wawancara tidak langsung kepada para influencer dan juga pengikutnya. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa peranan influencer memberikan dampak bagi pengikutnya berdasarkan pada pada apa yang mereka unggah dan apa yang mereka tulis di sosial media Instagram.

The study aims to analyze the public relations work suitability of PT Medco E&P Malaka related to community empowerment and social responsibility on Education and Training of 40 Acehnese Children in PPSDM-Cepu. International Standard Ambulance given for Pidie Jaya and the support from Medco E&P Malaka in the event Sail Sabang 2018 conducted by the company and press-released by Serambi Indonesia online in 2018. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed in this study. The results showed that the point of view of journalists/media is dissimilar from the point of view of a company in writing a text. When media tend to publish articles based on a press release distributed by a company, then the company’s image and reputation will be affected and become positive.

Abstract Background In New Zealand, health equity is a pressing concern and reaching disadvantaged populations has become the goal to close the inequity gap. Building and strengthening health systems is one way to secure better outcomes. However, the discourse to date has predominately focussed on inequities in health outcomes for Māori. This study has interest in the African ethnic minority community in New Zealand. It undertakes a narrative review of the New Zealand health system which aims to identify literature around the attainment of health equity of African minority by: (i) providing a critical overview of the healthcare delivery system using World Health Organization’s six inter-related building blocks of health system strengthening; (ii) developing a summary and discussions of the research results and; (iii) identifying priorities and recommendations for future research. Method A narrative review of 27 articles published between January 2010 and June 2019 were selected from CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar. Grey literature also informed the review. Articles excluded studies: (i) non-related to New Zealand; (ii) with no focus on equity on ethnic minority in the delivering of healthcare; (iii) had no full text available. Findings Literature on Africans health outcomes were scarce regarding the six building blocks. However, findings show inequities in accessibility of health services, a non-ethnic inclusive health workforce, a leadership and governance which lack political will on migrant health and resultantly an under-performing health information system which influences resource allocation. Recommendation and conclusion An improvement and well-functioning health information system is pivotal to capture the unmet needs of the African population. There is a need for research and political will to invest in African minority health and diverse workforce that understands the background of the African population; and action to address structural and institutional racism and white privilege to address root causes of inadequate access and care processes for ethnic minorities.

Introduction Aminoglycoside, as an antimicrobial medication, also has side-effects on the inner ears, bringing about hearing disorders. Curcumin has been proven to be a strong scavenger against various reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the increase in ROS production is considered to play an important role in the process of hearing disorder. Objective To prove that curcumin is an effective antioxidant to prevent cochlear damage based on malondialdehyde (MDA) expression. Methods The present research used 32 Rattus norvegicus, of the Wistar lineage, randomly divided into 8 groups: negative control, ototoxic control (a single dose of 40 mg/ml of gentamicin via intratympanic injection), 2 groups submitted to ototoxic control + curcumin treatment (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg), 2 groups who iunderwent ototoxic control + curcumin treatment for 7 days, and two groups submitted to curcumin treatment as prevention for 3 days + ototoxic induction. Results The results showed that the lowest dosage of curcumin (100 mg/kg) could decrease MDA expression on the cochlear fibroblastic wall of the ototoxic model; however using greater doses of curcumin (200 mg/kg) for 7 days would provide a better effect. Curcumin could also significantly decrease MDA expression when it was administered during the preototoxic exposure. Conclusion Curcumin can be used as a therapy for ototoxic prevention based on the decrease in MDA expression.

Employees are one of the most important aspects of a company. Quality employees will improve the quality of the company. To encourage employees to give their best to the company, companies can give bonuses to their employees. PT Budi Gema Gempita (BGG) is one of the companies that provides annual bonuses to its employees. In determining which employees will receive bonuses, PT Budi Gema Gempita (BGG) still uses paper to make an assessment. a decission support system is needed which can help Budi Gema Gempita (BGG), especially Human Resource Development (HRD) and division heads in the process of giving bonuses. The Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method will be used because of its simplicity at responding to the needs of decision makers and how it responds. SMART is a multi-criteria decision method and a linear additive model to predict the value of each option. The use of SMART method is expected to provide the best recomendations for leaders to provide bonuses to employees

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the most significant work-related health conditions that are experienced by agricultural workers. This cross-sectional study has investigated MSDs among agriculturalists in upper northeastern Thailand. We assessed the types of MSDs, their severity, and their frequency. There were 889 cultivating agriculturalists from four provinces who participated in this study. The majority of the participants reported experiencing mild levels of MSDs (60.48%). Predominantly, the farmers who were working on cassava, vegetable, and sugarcane plantations reported experiencing the most severe MSDs in the knees/calves (22.40%). The rice plantation workers reported the largest number of MSDs complaints. The workers on rubber plantations and in sugarcane fields were more likely to feel knee/calf pain (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.05–2.39) and lower limb pain (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.35–2.89) than those who were working on rice and tobacco plantations. The individuals who were working on cassava, fruit, vegetable, and corn plantations were also more likely to report knee/calf pain (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.01–2.17) and lower limb pain (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.37–2.84) than those who were working on rice and tobacco plantations. The MSDs that were found among those working on agricultural activities affected many parts of their bodies. The ergonomic risk needs to be assessed in order to inform plantation workers of the implications in order to improve their health and well-being and to reduce the risks of MSDs.

This study aims to examine the influence of the role of immersive technology on perceived learning's effectiveness by considering the cognitive load of users when using VR-based learning media. This study involved a total of 91 respondents who had attended virtual reality-based learning training. In this research, SmartPLS was used to test the measurement and structural models. This research was conducted through virtual reality-based learning training, to measure the effect of using VR on perceived effectiveness, with cognitive load as the moderator. The research results support all the hypotheses. Ultimately, cognitive overload moderates the relationship between reflective thinking and perceived learning's effectiveness. The lower the cognitive load of the user when using VR, the greater the positive effect reflective thinking has on perceived learning's effectiveness, and vice versa. There are still many contradictions regarding the effectiveness of VR in learning, so this research fills the gap by examining the effect immersive technology has on learning outcomes, by considering the cognitive load of users when using VR-based learning media. This research has several practical implications. First, VR could be proposed as a valuable investment for educational institutions as a learning tool. Second, it is very important to develop VR that is adapted to the context and learning objectives, to optimize its effectiveness. Third, VR developers should focus on creating simplified menus that are easy to use. By reducing the cognitive overload, users will find VR more comfortable and enjoyable to use.

Social media platforms have transformed how students and educators "share" information about school experiences. In this paper, we translate Leah Plunkett's sharenting concept (a portmanteau of "share" and "parent") to address the phenomenon of "overposting" in education. Overposting (a portmanteau of "overreach" and "post") designates the digital distribution of information about others that is invasive, harmful, exploitative, or illegal. We describe instances where students or teachers post about others on social media in ways that are illegal, invasive, harmful, or exploitative. Examples of overposting range from cyberbullying to sharing photos or videos of others' without their permission, including from school accounts. We conclude by offering an educational approach to address overposting through education, conversation, and negotiation among students, teachers, and administrators.

The aim of this study was to describe the design process of an educational board game, the Planet-Dart. This board game design is based on the science curriculum and aims to enhance middle school students' basic concepts about solar system. The purpose of developing this educational game was to provide an entertaining way for learning science. A pre-service art teacher designed the game with the support of two pre-service science teachers. The pilot study was conducted with two middle school students, and with the feedback based on the pilot study the pre-service art teacher made modifications to the game. Then, the main implementation of the game was conducted in a real-classroom environment with 60 middle school students by one pre-service science teacher and two science teachers. The qualitative results revealed that this game was an enjoyable and effective learning tool to play among middle school students. In addition, the pre- and in-service science teachers emphasized that there was an entertaining learning environment during the play. Based on these findings, the developed educational board game could enhance students' learning outcomes and entertainment.