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People with Alzheimer's Disease exhibit decreased cognitive function and lower sensory and motor sensitivity that lead to decrease functional abilities. Alzheimer's Disease affects brain areas related to mastication. There is limited evidence regarding how masticatory ability is obeserved and assessed in people with Alzheimer's Disease. This review assessed overview parameters of masticatory ability in people with Alzheimer's Disease based on various online database sources. This study used a scoping review technique. Article searches were conducted through PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL databases and other relevant publications through the references of selected articles (snowballing technique). There was a poor masticatory ability in people with Alzheimer's Disease. People with Alzheimer's Disease had a reduced number of teeth and functional tooth units or paired occlusion which can cause low bite force which results in difficulty chewing hard food. The use of prostheses can only increase the efficiency of mastication without removing the disturbance. The parameters that most widely used for masticatory ability assessment were based on commonly method (Mandibular Movement (MM), sieving method with optocal cubes, chewing gum, bite force, occlusion force, occlusal contact area and mandible assessment.) and teeth condition (number of teeth present, number of missing teeth, periodontal status, caries and dental filling, number of Functional Toth Units (FTU), Functional masticatory Unit (FMU), and bite force. Assessment of masticatory ability with appropriate parameters is one of the efforts to explore the possibility of delaying the progressive decline in cognitive function that occurs in AD dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral health plays a primary role in nutrition intake. Tooth loss can affect mastication, leading to nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin B12 and folic acid which affect fetal development. This study is aimed to assess the oral health, vitamin B12 and folic acid in mothers with children of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P). Methods: This is a quantitative correlational and an observational cross-sectional design. The population was mothers of non-syndromic CL±P children, who attend at Yayasan Pembina Penderita Celah Bibir dan Langit-Langit (YPPCBL), Sekeloa, Bandung. The inclusion criteria was mothers of non-syndromic CL±P children, aged 0-12 months and the exclusion criteria was mothers with a family history of CL±P. Collecting data through the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Oral health was evaluated using the Decayed, Missing, Filled Tooth (DMF-T) index and posterior occlusal support area (POSA) assessed based on the Eichner Index, with classifications A1-A3 and B1-B3. Spearman rank correlation test with a significance level, p<0.05. Results: A total of 38 subjects participated in this study. High DMF-T index was found in 63.2% of the subjects, mean score was 6.3. POSA with A1-A3 classification were identified in 63.2% of the subjects. Around 60.5% had sufficient vitamin B12 intake and 86.8% had insufficient folic acid intake. There were no significant correlation between the DMF-T index with vitamin B12 (p>0.05) and folic acid (p>0.05) intake. Similarly, no significant correlation between the POSA with vitamin B12 (p>0.05) and folic acid (p>0.05) intake. Conclusion: There is no correlation between POSA and DMFT index with vitamin B12 and folic acid in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral mucosal wounds present significant clinical challenges due to their susceptibility to infection, inflammation, and delayed healing. The limitation of standard anti-inflammatory drugs (both steroidal and non-steroidal) highlights the urgent need for plant-derived alternative therapies. Granola potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) from Pangalengan, West Java, Indonesia, has shown promise due to its bioactive compounds. However, its potential for wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects, specifically for oral mucosal wounds, remains largely unexplored. Purpose: To evaluate the wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity of Granola potato peel ethanol extract (GPPEE) on the oral mucosa of Wistar rats based on histopathological analysis. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were wounded on the palatal mucosa using a 4 mm punch biopsy and subsequently divided into four groups: placebo gel, 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide ointment (TCA), 4% GPPEE gel, and 6% GPPEE gel. The rats were euthanized on days 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14. Histopathological parameters assessed included fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and the presence of inflammatory cells. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids in the Granola potato peel ethanol extract (GPPEE). Significant differences in the number of inflammatory cells were observed on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 (p< 0.05), with the groups treated with 4% and 6% GPPEE gel initially exhibiting pro-inflammatory effects on day 3, followed by significant anti-inflammatory effects on days 7 and 14. The 6% GPPEE gel treatment demonstrated a notable increase in fibroblasts on days 1, 7, and 14 (p< 0.05), as well as collagen deposition on days 7 and 14 (p< 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in angiogenesis (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The application of 4% and 6% GPPEE gel demonstrated superior wound healing efficacy compared to 0.1% TCA and exhibited comparable anti-inflammatory activity to 0.1% TCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capsicum annum L. is the active ingredient in red chili peppers and consists of flavonoids, phenolics, carotenes, and alkaloids. However, the effect of consuming capsaicin is still controversial; several researchers report that capsaicin is chemopreventive. This study aimed to analyze the effect of a red chili pepper extract containing capsicum annum extract (CAE) on inducing apoptosis in Cal 27 tongue cancer cell cultures. The dried red chili peppers were then macerated with 70% ethanol for 3x24 hours, and then the macerate obtained was evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain an extract. Next, the capsicum annum extract was subjected to a cytotoxic test against the Cal 27 cell line using the resazurin reduction method. The viability of Cal 27 cells was measured using MTT assay to determine the IC50 of capsicum annum extract treatment. The result of anticancer activity shows significant inhibition activity. We compared the viability of Cal 27 cells at 24 hours and 48 hours of seeding. It can be seen that the IC50 value of capsicum annum extract from 24-hour seed is 1000 μg/ml, while that from 48-hour seed is between the concentration of 1000-1500 μg/ml. The still high concentration of capsicum annum extract means there is still a small amount of capsaicin bound in the extract. These findings underscore the potential of capsicum annum extract as an effective anticancer agent. The extract demonstrated the ability to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in the Cal 27 cell lines, suggesting a promising avenue for further research in cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties have been identified in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.; Solanaceae), which may potentially contribute to wound healing. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of potato peel extract gel Granola variety on oral gingival wound healing in Wistar Rats. Methods: This research was a true experimental in vivo study, involving 30 male Wistar rats, aged 12– 14 weeks and weighing approximately 150 to 200 grams. Surgical vertical incisions, each 3 mm in length, were made on the mandibular gingiva. The test group consisted of six subgroups, each comprising 5 rats. The negative control group received a base gel, while treatment groups were given 1% povidone-iodine solution, 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide oral paste, and 2%, 4%, and 6% potato peel extract gel. Wound lengths were measured on days 3, 7, and 14 to evaluate the healing process. Statistical analysis used the ANOVA test, a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All experimental groups showed a reduction in wound length on days 3, 7, and 14. Notably, the application of 4% and 6% potato peel extract gel formulations facilitated to faster wound healing on day 3, surpassing the povidone-iodine and triamcinolone acetonide groups. However, by days 7 and 14, both the povidone-iodine group and the 6% formulation group demonstrated superior outcomes, although the differences in values were not statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Potato peel extract gel formulations at 4% and 6% concentrations were found to expedite the healing of incision wounds, showing no statistically significant difference from the povidone-iodine and triamcinolone acetonide groups. Therefore, potato peel extract gel holds excellent potential for development as an alternative medicine for natural and safe wound healing therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine handgrip strength (HGS), oral hygiene index (OHI), and the correlation between those variables in the elderly living in the urban area in Serang City, Banten Province, Indonesia. This analytic correlational cross-sectional study included 54 individuals aged = 60 years old. HGS was assessed using an electronic hand dynamometer and categorized into three clinical groups: strong, normal, and weak. OHI was measured using the O'Leary plaque index before and after subjects brushed their teeth. The correlation between the variables was analysed using Spearman's Rank Correlation test. The subjects were 33 women (61.1%) and 21 men (38.9%). The mean of HGS and range of OHI were (19.66 ± 8.06) kg and (20.0 - 93.8) %, respectively. Subjects with weak HGS have a lower percentage of plaque score reduction (0.00% to 6.50%) between toothbrushing activity compared to normal HGS group. The Spearman's Rank Correlation Test result was r=0.004 (p<0.05). There was a significantly negative correlation between HGS and OHI in the elderly at Lebak Indah Housing Estate, Serang City, Banten Province, Indonesia. The stronger HGS indicates a lower plaque index score or a better OHI, and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Stunting children experience disruptions in cellular and organ growth and development, which may potentially lead to atrophy of the salivary glands. This research is aimed to find out and analyze the differences between stimulated salivary flow rates in stunting and healthy toddlers. Materials and Methods: Quantitative research using the comparative analysis method and the cross-sectional approach. Using a random sampling technique, 30 healthy toddlers and 30 stunting toddlers (27 stunting and 3 severe stunting) aged 3-5 years were selected from Dago Village, Coblong District, West Java. The assessment of salivary flow rate used Saxon Test. Results: The salivary flow rate was found lowest in severe stunting toddlers, followed by stunting toddlers, and healthy toddlers showed the highest rate. There are significant differences in salivary flow rates in healthy, stunting, and severe stunting toddlers (p-value=0,015). Conclusion: The salivary flow rate in stunting toddlers is lower than healthy toddlers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discuses the study aimed to examine tooth loss distribution and the impact on OHR-QoL perception in cognitively impaired and cognitively normal groups. Topics discussed include dental status was examined by a dentist and involved the number of anterior and posterior teeth lost; and interview was conducted to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics and self-reported perception of oral health and functional status.