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The balanid barnacle, Amphibalanus amphitrite, is known as one of the most common fouling species in the world. A phylogenetic study using material from around the world recovered three distinct clades for this species. Material from the Persian Gulf (PG) and the Gulf of Oman (GO) were not included in that survey. In the present study, we aimed to assess the genetic diversity of the balanid barnacles of these two gulfs and to evaluate their phylogeography. In total, 94 COI DNA sequences were obtained from the PG and the GO material. Most of these sequences clustered into a single clade, corresponding to clade I of the previous global study. However, two sequences, one from the PG and one from the GO, fell into a separate clade corresponding to clade III of the previous study. These two gulfs share some common haplotypes, but host several unique ones that are separated from the most common haplotype mainly by a single mutation. Based on various indices, the genetic diversity of the PG material was higher than that of the GO. Low values of Φ(ST) show a regular gene flow among the stations and the two gulfs. The Bayesian skyline plots and the mismatch distribution analyses both showed signs of a recent population expansion in the PG and the GO. We also modeled the potential distribution areas for A. amphitrite to reveal the separate suitable habitats for the clades. The current phylogeographic status and genetic diversity of A. amphitrite in the PG and GO appears to have been shaped by both historical events and recent human activities.

Khosravi, Erfan, Sari, Alireza, Mirziee-Ataabadi, Majid, Gholamalian, Hossein, Hyžný, Matúš (2022): A new species of Galene de Haan, 1833 (Galenidae: Brachyura) from the middle Miocene of Zagros Mountains, Iran. Zootaxa 5124 (2): 139-154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5124.2.2

Galene dashtbani n. sp. (Figs. 5, 6) Type material. Holotype: ZUTC6881, a carapace from the Honguyeh section, from the Middle Miocene (Langhian), Guri member of the Mishan Formation. Paratypes: HUIM195, HUIM198-202, carapaces from the Gohreh section, from the Middle Miocene (Langhian), Guri member of the Mishan Formation. Measurements of the carapace length and width are provided for each specimen in Table 1. Additional material. Non-types: HUIM 196-197, carapaces from the Gohreh section, the Middle Miocene (Langhian) of the Guri Member of the Mishan Formation. HUIM 203-205, chelipeds (one with fragmentary carapace), from the Gohreh section, the Middle Miocene (Langhian) of the Guri Member of the Mishan Formation. Diagnosis. Carapace with smooth dorsal surface, no posterolateral spines, frontal and orbital lobes with swollen tuberosities, with no spines. Description. Carapace subhexagonal, anterior margins more ovate; posterior margins with well-defined 45° angle between posterolateral and posterior margins; two anterolateral blunt teeth on epibranchial margins of carapace; not very sharp, but clearly distinguished (Figs. 5E, F), no posterolateral tuberosities (Figs. 5A, C, E–I, K, 6A, D–F); frontal margin bilobed. Dorsal surface of carapace smooth, longitudinally slightly convex; cardiac and mesogasteric regions defined with prominent fissures; lateral borders of anterior mesogastric region sub-parallel, extending close to the frontal lobe with narrow furrow (Figs. 5A–D, I–K); other regions of carapace not markedly prominent. Thoracic sternum and male pleon narrow (HUIM199, HUIM202, Figs. 6C, G). Surface of cheliped manus smooth; palm with posterior tuberculated margin (Fig. 6I); dactylus shorter than pollex (Fig. 6H). Occurrence. The species is known from the Middle Miocene (Langhian) of the Guri Member of the Mishan Formation exposed at Honguyeh and Gohreh sections, Hormozgan Province, southern Iran. Etymology. This species is named in honor of Mr.Houshang Dashtban; a veteran paleontologist, who contributed deeply into the exploration and the study of Iranian fossils including crabs. Remarks. Galene dashtbani sp. nov. is different from its congeners by having a combination of mixed characteristics. In having less prominent lateral spines, no posterolateral spines and a less protuberant cardiac region (Figs. 5A, C, H, L), Galene dashtbani sp. nov. is different from Galene bispinosa, including specimens previously documented as Gecarcinus trispinosus and Podopilumnus fittoni (also see Etheridge & McCulloch 1916: pl. III fig. 3; Valinassab et al. 2012: fig. 2a; Ng et al. 2017: fig. 5h), Galene stipata Morris & Collins, 1991 (see Morris & Collins 1991: 8, fig. 54a), Galene obscura A. Milne-Edwards, 1865 (see Collins et al. 2003: fig. 6a) and Galene litoralis Collins, Lee & Noad, 2003 (see Collins et al. 2003: 221, fig. 7a). The carapace frontal margin of G. dashtbani sp. nov. comprises half the orbitofrontal margin, compared to less than half in Galene granulifera Lin, 1947 (compare Hu & Tao 2004 L pl. V figs. 4,7) and G. obscura (see Collins et al. 2003: figs. 6a, 6c). Galene dashtbani sp. nov. has a smoother carapace surface, both in smaller and larger specimens (Figs. 5A, C, I, K), in contrast to G. bispinosa, which bears a more granular carapace in smaller specimens (Ng et al. 2001: 31). The most prominent character of Galene dashtbani sp. nov. is the spineless and globular form of the frontal margin and superior margin of the orbit, at the same time, bearing swollen tuberosities on these regions (Figs. 5B, D, E). Despite the size, this feature is prominent in all studied specimens with a well-preserved frontal margin. Even in the smallest specimen (HUIM195, Figs. 5C–F), the globular form of frontal and orbital lobes is prominent. Two small specimens (HUIM196, HUIM197) of Galene dashtbani sp. nov. appear to have a proportionally wider carapace (Figs. 5I, K). These specimens have less salient frontal and orbital margins and appear morphologically different from the others. These possess a flatter carapace, and deeper grooves between the mesogastric, cardiac and branchial lobes (Figs. 5I–K). In these specimens, the widest part of the mesogastric region is at the level between two lateral tuberosities of the carapace. The width of the posterior margin of the intestinal region equals the width of the front (Fig. 5I, K).

Family Galenidae Alcock, 1898 Remarks. Galene has been classified in the Xanthidae (e.g., Balss 1957; Glaessner 1969; Takeda 1976), whereas Guinot (1969a, 1969b, 1969c, 1971) assigned Galene to “ Goneplacidae pilumniens sensu lato ”. This suggestion was followed by a number of scholars (Ng 1998; Schweitzer 2000; Ng e t al. 2001; Hsueh & Huang 2002; Ng et al. 2008), who classified Galene within (or close to) the Pilumnidae. Ng et al. (2008) summarized the taxonomic history of Galenidae, which was included in the superfamily Pilumnoidea. The family Galenidae Alcock, 1898, as currently recognized, consists of four genera (Ng et al. 2008; De Grave et al. 2009; Ng & Guinot 2021; Ng & Mitra 2021): Dentoxanthus Stephensen, 1946; Galene de Haan, 1833; Halimede de Hann, 1835; and Parapanope de Man, 1895. The fossil record of Galenidae is limited to representatives of Galene and Halimede (Schweitzer et al. 2010). Although there are some difficulties in a detailed morphological diagnosis of Galenidae, Guinot et al. (2013) denote the emergence of the penis from P5 coxo-sternal condyle as a diagnostic trait of this family; however, it is not usually possible to study such fragile elements in fossils., Published as part of Khosravi, Erfan, Sari, Alireza, Mirziee-Ataabadi, Majid, Gholamalian, Hossein & Hyžný, Matúš, 2022, A new species of Galene de Haan, 1833 (Galenidae: Brachyura) from the middle Miocene of Zagros Mountains, Iran, pp. 139-154 in Zootaxa 5124 (2) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5124.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6404962, {"references":["Balss, H. (1957) Decapoda. In: H. G. Bronn's, Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs, Funfter Band, I. Abteilung 7, Buch 12. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Geest & Portig K. - G, Leipzig, pp. 1505 - 1672.","Glaessner, M. F. (1969) Decapoda. In: Moore, R. C. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part R (Vol. 2). Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, R 399 - R 566 pp.","Takeda, M. (1976) Studies on the Crustacea Brachyura of the Palau Islands, III. Xanthidae (1). Researches on Crustacea, 7, 69 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.18353 / rcustacea. 7.0 _ 69","Guinot, D. (1969 a) Les Goneplacidae: Recherches preliminaires sur les groupements naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures, VII. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2 (41), 241 - 265.","Guinot, D. (1969 b) Les Goneplacidae (suite): Recherches prelimi- naires sur les groupements naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures, VII. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2 (41), 507 - 528.","Guinot, D. (1969 c) Les Goneplacidae (suite): Recherches prelimi- naires sur les groupements naturels chez les Crustaces Decap odes Brachyoures, VII. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2 (41), 688 - 724.","Guinot, D. (1971) Synthese et bibliographie: Recherches preliminaires sur les groupements naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures, VIII. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2 (42), 1063 - 1090. [Dated 1970, published 1971]","Ng, P. K. L. (1998) Crabs. In: Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (Eds.), The living marine resources of the western Central Pacific. Volume 2. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians, and sharks. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, pp. 1046 - 1155.","Schweitzer, C. E. (2000) Tertiary Xanthoidea (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the west coast of North America. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 20, 715 - 742. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 20021975 - 99990095","Hsueh, P. & Huang, J. (2002) Crabs of The Family Goneplacidae (Decapoda, Brachyura) From Taiwan. Crustaceana, 75 (2), 111 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685400252902344","Ng, P. K. L., Guinot, D. & Davie, P. J. (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 17, 1 - 286.","De Grave, S., Pentcheff, N. D., Ahyong, S. T., Chan, T. - Y., Crandall, K. A., Dworschak, P. C., Felder, D. L., Feldmann, R. M., Fransen, C. H. J. M., Goulding, L. Y. D., Lemaitre, R., Low, M. E. Y., Martin, J. W., Ng, P. K. L., Schweitzer, C. E., Tan, S. H., Tshudy, D. & Wetzer, R. (2009) A classification of living and fossil decapod crustaceans. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement No. 21, 1 - 109.","Ng, P. K. L. & Guinot, D. (2021) Parapanope De Man, 1895: revisited and revised (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pilumnoidea: Galenidae), with descriptions of two new species. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 41 (2), 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jcbiol / ruab 020","Ng, P. K. L. & Mitra, S. (2021) Hoploxanthus cultripes Alcock, 1898: a senior synonym of Dentoxanthus iranicus Stephensen, 1946 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Galenidae). Crustaceana, Leiden, 94 (6), 723 - 730.","Stephensen, K. (1946) The Brachyura of the Iranian Gulf. With an appendix: the male pleopoda of the Brachyura. Danish Scientific Investigations in Iran, 4, 57 - 237.","De Haan, W. (1833 - 1850) Crustacea. In: Siebold, P. F. (ed.), Fauna Japonica sive Descriptio Animalium, Quae in Itinere per Japoniam, Jussu et Auspiciis Superiorum, qui Summum in India Batava Imperium Tenent, Suscepto, Annis 1823 - 1830 Collegit, Noitis, Observationibus et Adumbrationibus Illustravit, Lugduni-Batavorum, Leiden, 243 pp, pls. 1 - 55, A - Q.","De Man, J. G. (1895) Bericht uber die von Herrn Schiffscapitan Storm zu Atjeh, an den westlichen Kusten von Malakka, Borneo und Celebes sowie in der Java-See gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 8 (4), 485 - 609. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16084","Schweitzer, C. E., Feldmann, R. M., Garassino, A., Karasawa, H. & Schweigert, G. (2010) Systematic List of Fossil Decapod Crustacean Species, Crustaceana Monographs, 10. Brill, Leiden, 230 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004178915. i- 222","Guinot, D., Tavares, M. & Castro, P. (2013) Significance of the sexual openings and supplementary structures on the phylogeny of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), with new nomina for higher-ranked podotreme taxa. Zootaxa, 3665 (1), 001 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3665.1.1"]}

Synalpheus pentaspinosus n. sp. (Figs. 1 4) Type material. Holotype: male (CL 7.1 mm), MNHN-IU-2014-1221, Iran, Persian Gulf, western Larak Island, Keshti-Sukhteh, 26°52’7.38”N, 56°19’31.97”E, sandy with rubbles and many corals, shallow subtidal, 11 May 2019, coll. H. Ashrafi, S. Pazoki & R. Abdollahi. – Allotype: 1 female (CL 7.9 mm), MNHN-IU-2014-1222, same collection data as for holotype, (photo voucher 4135). – Paratypes: 1 male (CL 6.7 mm), 1 female (8.4 mm), MNHN-IU-2014-1223, same collection data as for holotype, 10 May 2019, (photo vouchers: female 3932, male 3933); 1 ovigerous female (CL 7.2 mm), MNHN-IU-2014-1224, Iran, Persian Gulf, Abu-Musa Island, Qadir Park, 25°89’58”N, 55°04’23”E, sandy/rocky with live corals, 19 Jul. 2019, coll. H. Ashrafi, (photo voucher 5028); 1 male (Cl 6.9 mm), ZUTC 6495, Iran, Persian Gulf, Abu-Musa Island, Qadir Park, 25°89’58”N, 55°04’23”E, sandy/rocky with live corals, 08 May 2016, coll. H. Ashrafi; 1 male (CL 7.1 mm), 1 female (6.8 mm), ZUTC 6653, Iran, Persian Gulf, northeast of Larak Island, 26°53’03”N, 56°24’03”E, sandy/rubble with corals, low intertidal, 02 Feb. 2018, coll. H. Ashrafi (preserved together with small part of host sponge). Comparative material. S. quinquedens . 1 male (CL 5.52 mm), 1 female (CL 6.24 mm), MNHN-IU-2019- 3150, south Madagascar, Atimo-Vatae Expedition, Sta. TB-11, 25°09.2’S, 46°45.4’E, 5–6 m, 12 May 2010; 1 male (CL 7.38 mm), 1 female (CL 8.08 mm), MNHN-IU-2014-1225, Iran, Persian Gulf, Farur Island, 26°17’43.63”N, 54°29’5.21”E, shallow subtidal, 29 Dec. 2017, coll. H. Ashrafi (photo vouchers: male 4393, female 4407); 3 malefemale pairs (CL of males 6.5, 6.9, and 7 mm, CL of females 9.4, 9.6, and 9.7 mm), MNHN-IU-2014-1226, Iran, Persian Gulf, Siri Island, 25°53’53.17” N, 54° 31’ 22.24” E, subtidal, 08 Feb. 2017, coll. H. Ashrafi & A. Sari (photo voucher 1595); 2 males and 4 females (CL indet.), ZUTC 6908, same collection data as for previous specimens; 1 female, OUMNH. ZC 2020.01.022, Kuwait, eastern Failaka Island, rocky substrate, 24 Dec. 2014, coll. M. Al-Kandari et al. (examined by S. De Grave). Description. Medium-sized species of Synalpheus. Carapace (Figs. 1 A–C) sparsely setose, with deep cardiac notch; lower margin with some short setae; rostrum subacute, slightly tapering distally, about 2.5 times as long as wide, reaching almost to middle of first antennular article, slightly up-turned in lateral view, with two setae at tip; orbital teeth subtriangular, subacute, about two times as wide as rostrum at base, slightly falling short of rostrum, nearly as long as wide, with two or three setae at tip; frontal margin between rostrum and orbital teeth deeply concave, curved on orbital tooth side, straight on rostrum side; pterygostomial angle bluntly protruding. Each eye (Fig. 1B) with well-developed cornea and small blunt projection anteriorly. Pleon showing sexual dimorphism on first to fourth pleonites, with subacute projections, as described below, in males, rounded antero- and postero-ventrally in females. Male pleon (Fig. 1C) with first pleuron bearing small subacute projection antero-ventrally and ventrally pointing, hook-shaped projection postero-ventrally; second pleuron slightly angled antero-ventrally, with subacute triangular projection postero-ventrally; third pleuron bearing small blunt projection antero-ventrally, slightly projecting postero-ventrally; fourth pleuron rounded antero-ventrally, angular postero-ventrally; fifth pleuron rounded antero- and postero-ventrally. Sixth pleonite in both sexes (Fig. 1C, D) armed with five strong sharp teeth on posterior margin, most-lateral teeth flanking telson stronger than remaining teeth. Telson (Fig. 1D) subrectangular, tapering distally, with shallow mid-dorsal depression starting from 0.3 length of telson and almost reaching posterior end of telson, broadening posteriorly; dorsal surface with two pairs of spiniform setae on 0.3 and 0.7 length of telson, respectively; posterolateral angles slightly projecting; posterior margin broad, rounded, with two pairs of spiniform setae, one pair near each posterolateral angle, mesial spiniform setae about twice as long as lateral ones. Uropod with protopod armed with two sharp teeth, lateral longer than mesial; exopod bearing stout disto-lateral tooth; diaeresis sinuous, lateral margin with stout acute tooth, almost as long as disto-lateral tooth of exopod; disto-lateral spiniform seta adjacent to diaresis stout, overreaching both teeth, but not reaching beyond posterior margin of exopod; endopod narrowly ovate, with several clusters of setae on dorsal surface. Antennule (Fig. 1A, B) relatively slender; first article longest, about twice as long as wide, with several short setae on distodorsal and mesial margins; stylocerite subacute, extending well beyond distal margin of first article, but not reaching mid-length of second article; second article nearly 0.8 times as long as first, about 1.5 times as long as wide, bearing short setae disto-dorsally, with scattered setae mesially; third article slightly shorter than second; lateral flagellum biramous; fused portion consisting of seven or eight units; aesthetascs extending from fifth fused unit to end of shorter ramus. Antenna (Fig. 1A, B) with very robust basicerite, armed with stout subacute disto-dorsal tooth and stouter, longer disto-ventral tooth, latter reaching to tip of antennular stylocerite; lateral tooth of scaphocerite very strong, exceeding antennular peduncle, blade narrow, reaching to about 0.7 length of disto-lateral tooth, with short marginal setae. Carpocerite slender, extending well beyond scaphocerite and antennular peduncle. Mouthparts not dissected. Third maxillipeds (Fig. 1E) pediform; coxa and basis fused; lateral plate with small, laterally pointing, acute projection, mesial surface with short setae; antepenultimate article trigonal in cross section, about four times as long as wide, concave proximo-mesially, margins furnished with long setae; penultimate article short, about one fourth as long as antepenultimate article; ultimate article slender, nearly as long as antepenultimate article; tip with crown of eight or so slender spiniform setae; exopod slender, approximately reaching to end of antepenultimate article. First pereiopods very unequal in size and asymmetrical in shape. Major cheliped (Fig. 2 A–C) robust, with ischium short, about 1.5 times as wide as long; merus robust, somewhat swollen, about twice as long as high, with small subacute projection disto-dorsally, shallowly concave ventrally; carpus short, cup-shaped; palm tumid, subcylindrical, smooth, with prominent rounded lobe and three small bumps disto-dorsally; dactylus 1.3 times as long as pollex and 0.4 times as long as palm, curved distally. Minor cheliped (Fig. 2 D–F) with basis short, slightly longer than wide, with few long setae on ventral margin; ischium oblique distally, bearing some long setae ventrally; merus approximately six times as long as ischium, tapering distally, about 3 times as long as its widest part, furnished with long setae along ventral margin and short setae on dorsal margin, shallowly concave ventrally, terminating in small obtuse projection disto-dorsally; carpus vase-shaped, about 0.4 as long as merus; chela nearly as long as merus; palm ovoid, subcylindrical, about 1.2 times as long as fingers; fingers subequal in length; pollex with one short row of setae mesially and one laterally, with simple, non-bidentate tip; dactylus with medium-sized depression on cutting edge, with simple, non-bidentate tip; two prominent rows of setae present, one mesially and one dorsally. Second pereiopod (Fig. 3A) relatively slender; coxa with small tooth distodorsally; basis short; ischium slen- der, about 3.5 times as long as widest part; merus slender, about 1.2 times longer than ischium, five times as long as broad, with long setae ventrally; carpus slightly longer than merus, with five units (subarticles) approximate ratio 5: 1: 1: 1: 2; chela about half of merus length. Third pereiopod (Fig. 3B) more robust than other walking legs; coxa with small distodorsal lobe; ischium slightly longer than basis, about 1.3 as long as its widest part; merus robust, broadened, slightly spindle-shaped, three times as long as widest part, about 2.2 as long as carpus; carpus about 2.3 times as long as wide, with one spiniform seta distoventrally; propodus about 1.8 times longer than carpus, bearing seven or eight spiniform setae along ventral margin, not including one distal pair, adjacent to dactylus; dactylus biunguiculate, with dorsal unguis slightly longer than ventral unguis, latter slightly broader at base than dorsal unguis. Fourth pereiopod (Fig. 3C) generally similar to third pereiopod, less robust; coxa with one disto-dorsal lobe; merus about 2.3 times as long as ischium; carpus with one spiniform seta disto-ventrally; propodus with seven spiniform setae on ventral margin and one pair distally, adjacent to dactylus. Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 3 D–E) more slender than other walking legs; coxa without disto-dorsal lobe; ischium about twice as long as widest part, approximately as long as basis; merus about four times as long as broad, nearly 2.3 times as long as ischium; carpus slender, about 0.7 as long as merus, without disto-ventral spiniform seta; propodus slightly longer than carpus, with three spiniform setae ventrally and one pair distally, adjacent to dactylus, and with five transverse rows of serrulate setae on distal half of ventro-mesial margin forming cleaning brush; dactylus similar to that of third pereiopod. Etymology. The new species name refers to the presence of five sharp spine-like teeth on the sixth pleonite, one of its main diagnostic features; used as an adjective. Ecology. All specimens were found inside sponge canals in the low intertidal and shallow subtidal areas. The host sponges were either partly overgrowing on hard corals or were growing within a mixture of cobble, rocks, coral and coral rubble. The same sponges were also found in the intertidal and shallow subtidal areas without corals. However, these sponges were occupied by another, presumably undescribed species of Synalpheus from the S. tumidomanus species complex (H. Ashrafi, pers. obs.). Remarks. The new species belongs to a small morphologically distinctive group of Synalpheus, in which the posterior margin of the sixth pleonite is armed with strong teeth. Whether this group is monophyletic remains to be shown. Based on the shape of the rostrum and orbital teeth, this group can be further subdivided into three smaller subgroups. The first subgroup includes S. bispinosus De Man, 1910, S. quadrispinosus De Man, 1910, S. quinquedens Tattersall, 1921 and S. pentaspinosus n. sp., all with the rostrum and orbital teeth being subequal in length and with the orbital teeth distinctly wider than the rostrum. The second subgroup is comprised of S. triacanthus De Man, 1910, S. trispinosus De Man, 1910 and S. cretoculatus Banner & Banner, 1979, in which the rostrum is significantly longer and much more slender than the orbital teeth (cf. De Man 1911; Banner & Banner 1979). The third subgroup includes only S. septemspinosus De Man, 1910, which is characterised by small orbital teeth and rostrum, the latter also being longer relative to orbital teeth (cf. De Man 1911). Apart from the difference in the number of teeth on the posterior margin of sixth pleonite (two in S. bispinosus, four in S. quadrispinosus and five in S. quinquedens and S. pentaspinosus n. sp.), the members of the first subgroup are very similar to each other (cf. De Man 1911; Tattersall 1921). Nevertheless, S. pentaspinosus n. sp. can be separated from S. bispinosus, in addition to the difference in the armature on the sixth pleonite, by disto-dorsal projection of the major cheliped palm which is less robust than S. bispinosus. Furthermore, according to De Man (1911), in S. bispinosus, the “outer margin of the dactylus [of the minor chela is] fringed with rather long, stiff setae from the articulation to the tip”. In contrast, in S. pentaspinosus n. sp., this margin bears two rows of setae. Similarly, the minor chela dactylus of S. quadrispinosus seems to bear only one distinct row of setae, not two, as in the new species. In S. quadrispinosus, the color of the major chela is pink in its distal half (Anker & De Grave 2016: fig. 49), whilst it is brownish orange and brownish green in females and males of S. pentaspinosus n. sp., respectively (Fig. 4A, B). In having the same number of teeth (five) on the sixth pleonite, S. pentaspinosus n. sp. appears to be closest to S. quinquedens (Fig. 5). However, the two species can be discriminated by some morphological characters, as well as by the color of the ovaries / eggs. In the new species, the minor chela dactylus is furnished with two rows of setae, one mesial row and one dorsal row, this configuration being different from that of S. quinquedens, with only one prominent mesial row of setae (Fig 6C, D). In S. pentaspinosus n. sp., the minor chela dactylus bears a small, but rather obvious concavity on the cutting edge, which is not distinct in S. quinquedens. It is important to note here that Tattersall’s (1921) figures of S. quinquedens appear to be somewhat diagrammatic and may therefore be inaccurate. For instance, according to Tattersall (1921: pl. 28, fig. 1), the orbital teeth of the type of S. quinquidens are very broad and in fact appear to be broader than in the new species. However, our examination of the material of S. quinquedens from Iran and Madagascar showed that this character cannot be used in discrimination of S. pentaspinosus n. sp. from S. quinquedens, as smaller specimens of the latter species bear relatively narrower orbital teeth (Fig. 6A). In life, S. pentaspinosus n. sp. and S. quinquedens can be distinguished by the color of ovaries, eggs and possibly also by corneal pigments. Females of S. pentaspinosus n. sp. show yellow to yellow-orange ovaries and orange-red eggs (Fig. 4B, C), whilst females of S. quinquedens have greenish ovaries and eggs (Fig. 5B). The corneas of S. pentaspinosus n. sp. vary from pinkish to reddish (Fig. 4), being darker brownish in S. quinquedens (Fig. 5).

Caprella moradi sp. nov. (Figures 1���6) Types. Holotype: male 6.59 mm. Mouthparts completely dissected and mounted on one slide (Djod village; coordinates: N 25˚28�� 7��, E 59˚ 28�� 20��; intertidal zone), ( ZUTC Amph. 2425). Allotype, adult female 4.69 mm. Mouthparts completely dissected and mounted on one slide (same data as holotype), ( ZUTC Amph. 2426). Paratypes (same data as holotype): 10 males (ZUTC Amph. 2427) December 2010; 41 males (ZUTC Amph. 2428), May 2011; 24 females (ZUTC Amph. 2429), December 2010; 90 females (ZUTC Amph. 2430), May 2011. Comparative material loan. Caprella danilevskii Czerwinski, 1968; three males and seven females (AM P61184) and one male (MV J24131). Description. Based on holotype, male. Head. Lateral view (Fig. 1 Lv) Body length 6.59 mm. Head 0.55 mm, and pereonite1 0.31 mm; head and pereonite 1 fused and showing a suture demarking its boundary; body with numerous fine setae between head and pereonite 1, arranged in four rows on dorsal body surface (Fig. 1 Dv and Fig. 5G); eye large, distinctive; pereonite 2, 1.24 mm longest, following pereonites becoming shorter progressively, insertion second gnathopod in middle; pereonite 3, 1.23 mm; pereonite 4, 1.13 mm; pereonite 5, 0.86 mm; pereonite 6, 0.60 mm, with postero-lateral projection; pereonite 7, 0.55 mm; abdomen 0.12 mm. Antenna 1 (Fig. 1 A1), about 0.46 �� body length; peduncular article 1, 0.79 �� second article, article 2 longest, 1.46 �� article 3; flagellum with 11 articles, subequal to peduncle, proximal article with 3 articles. Antenna 2 (Fig. 1 A 2), slender, 1.14 �� peduncle of first antenna, third and forth articles with long setae, flagellum biarticulate with motor setae (Fig. 5 I). Mouthparts (Fig. 2), Upper lip (Fig. 2 U.L) notched, wider than long, with small setae on anterior surface. Lower lip (Fig. 2 L. L) well developed, finely setose on inner and outer lobes. Mandible (Fig. 2 LMd); left incisor with 4 teeth, lacinia mobilis with five teeth and three accessory setae; some fine setae between accessory setae and molar; molar well developed, truncate; palp absent. Right mandible (Fig. 2 RMd); incisor with 5 teeth and lacinia mobilis with two anteriorly serrated plates, two accessory setae; with some fine setae between accessory setae and molar; molar well developed; palp absent. Maxilla 1 (Fig. 2 Mx1), outer plate with seven stout apical tooth-like setae, distal margin of outer plate truncate with fine setae, palp biarticulate; article 2, with 4 triangular projections at distal margin and armed with five robust, two simple and 10 facial setae, inner margin with fine setae. Maxilla 2 (Fig. 2 Mx2), inner plate with 14 apical setae, one medial plumose seta and some fine setae along inner margin; outer plate with 12 long apical setae and one shorter seta. Maxilliped (Fig. 2 Mxp), inner plate subrectangular and reach to first article of maxillipedal palp, with two stout tooth, six plumose setae and one subapical stout seta; outer plate reach to second article of maxilliped palp, with three stout setae and some setae; palp four articulated; article 1 with three setae; article 2 longest with 12 setae, article 3 with some setae on inner and outer margins, article 4 (dactylus) falcate, distally bifid, inner margin moderately serrated, with one proximal seta on outer margin. Pereon. Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 1 G1), basis longer than wide, shorter than propodus, border than ischium; merus and carpus combined, in posterior margin setose; propodus subpyriform, longer than wide with anteriorly submarginal setae, palm slightly convex and dentate, with 1 pair of proximal robust setae; dactylus curved, inner margin serrated, fine setae in outer and inner margins, bifid distally. Gnathopod 2 (Fig. 1G 2), with a triangular projection at the insertion (Fig. 3 Gb2 and Fig. 5 H), basis 0.48�� the length of pereonite 2 and 0.6 �� the length of propodus, with dorsal carina provided with one fine seta; ischium and basis width equal; merus and carpus combined, merus with three distal setae; propodus enlarged, about 2.5 �� width, with fine setae along anterior and posterior margins, palm about 0.4 �� propodus length, proximal part of palm with one poison teeth and two spine-like setae followed by fine setae in three rows and distal triangle projection with some setae; dactylus short, not reaching to end of palm, medially swollen. Gill 3 (Fig. 1 Lv), length 0.46 �� pereonite 3, oval, with some fine setae, about 1.3 �� gill 4. Gill 4 (Fig. 1 3 Lv), length 0.38 �� pereonite 4, oval, with some fine setae, smaller than gill 3. Pereopods 3 and 4 absent. Pereopod 5 (Fig. 3 P 5), well developed; ischium with dorsal carina; carpus with two pectinate setae intermixed with 5���7 cuticular teeth; propodus longer than carpus without grasping spines but with some pectinate setae, dactylus falcate, inner margin serrated, several fine setae along inner and outer margins. Pereopod 6 (Fig. 3 P 6), similar to pereopod 5 but slightly longer. Pereopod 7 (Fig. 3 P 7), length about 2 �� pereopod 5, basis lacking dorsal carina, propodus without robust seta. Pleon. Abdomen (Fig. 3 Abv, Abd and Fig. 5 A-C), with one pair of hooked-like appendages, a pair of lateral lobes and a dorsal lobe. Penis median. Appendages (Fig. 5 C) with four medial setae and several rows of robust setae distally. Dorsal lobe medially cleft, with some proximal setae under appendages. Lateral lobes, thin and shorter than dorsal lobe, armed with a group of setae proximally and four apical setae. Telson (Fig. 3 Abd and Fig. 5 A), semicircular, with two plumose setae distally. Female. Body length (Fig. 4 Lv), 4.69 mm. Head length 0.48 mm and pereonite 1 0.1 mm; head and pereonite 1 fused, with a markedly concaved suture between head and pereonite 1; eye large, distinctive; body with numerous fine setae in four rows on dorsal body surface (Fig. 4 Dv); pereonite 2, 0.75 mm; pereonite 3, 0.92 mm; pereonite 4, 0.83 mm; pereonite 5, 0.63 mm; pereonite 6, 0.51 mm; pereonite 7, 0.42 mm; abdomen 0.05 mm. Antenna 1 (Fig. 4 Lv), 0.45 �� body length; peduncular article 1 slightly longer than 3rd article; article 2 longest, 1.36 �� article 1; flagellum with seven articles. Antenna 2 (Fig. 4 Lv), slender, 1.3 �� peduncle of 1st article, 2nd and 3rd articles with long plumose setae; flagellum with two articles. Mouthparts, similar to males. Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 4 G 1), without sexual dimorphism. Gnathopod 2 (Fig. 4 G 2) basis length equal to 2 �� width; merus and carpus combined; propodus enlarged, about 2.5 �� width, with few fine setae along anterior and posterior margins, palm concave, proximal part of palm with one poison teeth, some robust and fine seta along palm; dactylus short, not reaching to end of palm, medially swollen. Gill 3 (Fig. 4 Lv), subequal to gill 4, oval. Oostegite 3 (Fig. 4 Os3), length 1.0�� the width, setose along entire margin. Gill 4 (Fig. 4 Lv), subequal to gill 3, oval. Oostegite 4 (Fig. 4 Os4), length 0.84�� the width with seven setae on anterior margin. Pereopods 5���7 similar to male. Abdomen (Fig. 4 Ab and Fig. 5 D), with one pair of small palp-like appendages armed with one distal seta. Variations. Number of stout seta on outer plate of maxilliped is variable from 2���3. Stout setae on second article of first maxilla is recorded as between 4���6. Some material have long second pereonite, basis and propodus of second male gnathopod and first antenna. These elongated forms are illustrated in Figure 6. These material resembled elongated forms of Caprella danilevskii from Tasmania (Guerra-Garc��a and Takeuchi, 2004) but material of the present study are prominently discriminated by setose body. Female individuals found to have two types of genital pore including material with few (Fig. 5 E) and several setae (Fig. 5 F). Etymology. This species named after the late ruler of the Djod village Mr. Morad Salari who generously helped the University of Tehran biodiversity survey team for many years. Remarks. The new species, Caprella moradi, is the only intertidal member of genus Caprella in the Gulf of Oman (Maghsoudlou et al., 2019). Caprella danilevskii (Czerniavski, 1868) shows the most similarity to C. moradi based on shared characters including; lacking grasping spines in pereonite 5���7, one pair of hooked abdominal appendages in male, short dactylus in second gnathopod. However, C. moradi could be differentiated from C. danilevskii based on smooth body surface covered with fine setae in four rows, curved anterior surface of propodus in second male gnathopod, unequal setose gills, flagellum of first antenna longer than peduncle and equal to the peduncle of the second antenna. The anterior surface of propodus was straight in all records of C. danilevskii except in material from Japan studied by Arimoto (1976). But Czerniavski (1868) in description of C. danilevskii mentioned anterior surface of second gnathopod is straight. The flagellum of the first antenna is shorter than the peduncle of the second antenna, and it is equal to the peduncle of first antenna. In the report of C. danilevskii from Bermuda by Stebbing (1888) and also Barnard (1916) from Cape Town, presence of body setae was reported but without stating their regular arrangement as seen in C. moradi. Barnard (1937) recorded C. danilevskii from the south coast of Arabia but with no information on setation. Diagnostic characters of C. moradi, especially fine setae along body surface, are visible under light microscope but for more details, electron microscopic micrographs are provided. The Black Sea is the type locality of Caprella danilevskii Czerniavski (1868). The life history of this species was carefully studied by Takeuchi & Hirano (1991, 1992). They mentioned that there is no planktonic larva in life cycle of this species or rafting behavior. In the studies of Guerra-Garcia and Takeuchi (2004) and Guerra-Garcia (2004), the presence of C. danilevskii was extended to Australia and Tasmania. However, there were several records of C. danilevskii from geographically distanced localities including; the Atlantic Ocean (McCain, 1968), the Mediterranean Sea (Krapp-Schickel, 1993) and the Indian Ocean (Mayer, 1890). In another study, Guerra-Garcia et al. (2006) mentioned that collected material of Colombia resembled type specimens of C. danilevskii. All of these materials were assigned to C. danilevskii which make its taxonomic status ambiguous; therefore there is a need for a thorough study of world material assigned to C. danilevskii. It seems, emphasis on lacking grasping spines abdominal appendages and short dactylus led to neglect of other characters., Published as part of Momtazi, Farzaneh, Sari, Alireza & Darvish, Jamshid, 2020, New species of Caprella (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 562-571 in Zootaxa 4853 (4) on pages 565-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4853.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4411131, {"references":["Guerra-Garcia, J. M. & Takeuchi, I. (2004) The Caprellidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from Tasmania. Journal o f Natural History, 38, 967 - 1044. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0022293021000054497","Maghsoudlou, A., Momtazi, F., Nasiri, K., Pazooki, S., Molavi-Arabshahi, M., Sepahvand, V., ... & Khaledi, H. (2019). A review on the state of the biodiversity knowledge on Iran's southern seas: introducing a 11 methodology to evaluate the validity of the reported cases. Marine Biodiversity, 49 (2), 563 - 581. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0835 - 8","Czerniavski, V. (1868) Materialia ad zoographiam Ponticam comparatam. Travaux de la Societe des naturalistes de St. Petersbourg, 1, 19 - 136.","Arimoto, I. (1976) Taxonomic studies of caprellids (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Caprellidae) found in the Japanese adjacent waters. Special Publications from the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory Series III. Nippon Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd., Osaka, 111 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 176456","Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76, Zoology, 29 (Part 67), i-xxiv + 1 - 1737, pls. 1 - 212.","Barnard, K. H. (1916) Contributions to the crustacean fauna of South Africa. 5. The Amphipoda. Annals of the South African Museum, 15, 105 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22196","Barnard, K. H. (1937) Amphipoda. John Murray Expedition Scientific Reports, London, 4 (6), 131 - 201.","McCain, J. C. (1968) The Caprellidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda) of the Western North Atlantic. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 276, 1 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 8960","Krapp-Schickel, T. (1993) Suborder Caprellidea. In: Ruffo, S (Ed.), The Amphipoda of the Mediterranean. Memoires de l'Institute Oceanographique, Monaco, 13 (3), pp. 773 - 809.","Mayer, P. (1890) Die Caprelliden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, 17, 1 - 55. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 53624","Guerra-Garcia, J. M., Krapp-Schickel, T. & Muller, H. G. (2006) Caprellids from the Caribbean coast of Colombia, South America, with description of three new species and a key for species identification. Boletin Invemar, 35, 149 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.25268 / bimc. invemar. 2006.35.0.222"]}

Athanopsis cf. platyrhynchus Coutière, 1897 Material. 1 female (ZUTC 6570), east coast of Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf, 25°51’37”N, 56°08’83”E, sandy with boulders, 04.06.2011, coll. A. Shahdadi & A. Sari. Habitat and habit. No ecological information has been mentioned for the specimens of this study, but members of this genus are generally related to echiurans (Anker, 2012). General distribution. Northwestern Indian Ocean. Remarks. According to latest key provided by Anker (2012), the material of the present study is mostly related to Athanopsis platyrhynchus Coutière, 1897. However, due to some differences especially lacking rostral carina, further study needs to be conducted., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Anker, A. (2012) Notes on the Indo-West Pacific shrimp genus Athanopsis Coutiere, 1897 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae), with the description of a new species associated with echiurans (Annelida, Thalassematidae). Zootaxa, 3307 (1), 48 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3307.1.3"]}

Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922 (Fig. 2F) Material. 1 female & 1 male (ZUTC 6851), Hormuz Island, Persian Gulf, 27° 2’47.26”N, 56°29’42.29”E, sandy/ rocky with live and dead corals and cobbles, 02.04.2017, coll. H. Ashrafi. Habitat and habit. Hard corals were somewhere the specimens were found on. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific. Remarks. This species was identified with the help of Sammy De Grave, and its color pattern is consistent with that described by Bruce (1989)., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 525, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Kemp, S. (1922) Notes on crustacea decapoda in the Indian Museum. XV. Pontoniinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 24, 113 - 288.","Bruce, A. (1989) Periclimenes gonioporae sp. nov. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae), a new coelenterate-associated shrimp. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 6, 149 - 156."]}

Lysmata kuekenthali (De Man, 1902) (Fig. 1D) Material. 2 females & 11 males (ZUTC 6840), Ramin, Gulf of Oman, 25°16’7.05”N, 60°45’2.71”E, sandy/rocky with cobbles, 16.05.2018, coll. H. Ashrafi; 8 males (ZUTC 6841), Djod, Gulf of Oman, 25°26’40”N, 59°30’45”E, sandy/rocky with cobbles, 18.05.2018, coll. H. Ashrafi; 3 females & 5 males (ZUTC 6842), Djod, Gulf of Oman, 25°26’40”N, 59°30’45”E, sandy/rocky with cobbles, 07.02.2009, coll. H. Salehi. Habitat and habit. The specimens were found in a rocky tidal pool at night with specimens belonging to Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson, 1860). General distribution. Indo-West Pacific. Remarks. Anker & De Grave (2016) noted that this species might be a species complex based on their observation on color pattern differences. Additionally, color pattern of the material of this study differs to the Singaporean specimens, and make their hypothesis stronger., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 523, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["De Man, J. G. (1902) Die von Herrn Professor Kukenthal im Indischen Archipel gesammelten: Dekapoden und Stomatopoden. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 466 - 929. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10409","Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2016) An updated and annotated checklist of marine and brackish caridean shrimps of Singapore (Crustacea, Decapoda). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 34, 343 - 454."]}

Lysmatella prima Borradaile, 1915 Material. 2 females & 3 males (ZUTC 6843), Hormuz Island, Persian Gulf, 27°04’34.16”N, 56°23’34.90”E, subtidal, 03.05.2017, coll. H. Ashrafi & K. Golzarianpoor. Habitat and habit. The specimens were found on a sponge brought out with a trawling boat. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on pages 523-524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Borradaile, L. A. (1915) Notes on Carides. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 15, 205 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931508693629"]}

Synalpheus thai Banner & Banner, 1966 (Fig. 1B, C) Material. 11 females & 8 males (ZUTC 6839), Tis, Chabahar Bay, Gulf of Oman, 25°21’00”N, 60°35’50”E, sandy/ rocky with cobbles, inside sponges, 06.11.2017, coll. H. Ashrafi. Habitat and habit. This species in form of pair was found inside sponges of low intertidal and shallow subtidal zones. General distribution. Indo-Pacific Region. Remarks. Although Banner & Banner (1966) stated that their paratypes were deposited in both the Prince P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii and Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; according to Dr. Chirasak Sutcharit, there is no S. thai in the collection of the latter museum. In the original description, Banner and Banner mentioned two definite rows of setae on opposing faces of small cheliped’s fingers whereas examining the type material, deposited in Hawaii with the help of Holly Bolick and Ken Longenecker, revealed that three is three definite rows i.e. a row on crest of dactylus, a row on lateral face of dactylus and another on lateral face of fixed finger. Banner & Banner (1966) also noted squame of scaphocerite is reduced and narrow while in the material of this study, squame is either tiny or not exist. Further, the specimens of Banner & Banner (1966) were collected from corals, while the Gulf of Oman’s materials all were collected from sponges. All of these suggests the possibility of being S. thai a species complex that further study especially using molecular data would test this possibility.

Cuapetes andamanensis (Kemp, 1922) (Fig.. 2A) Material. 5 females & 6 males (ZUTC 6854), Bandar Khamir, Persian Gulf, 26°58’45.37”N, 55°39’14.36”E, mangroves, 25.05.2019, coll. H. Ashrafi. Habitat and habit. This species was found under debris in mangrove creaks with high density of pneumatophores of mangroves. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific. Remarks. In the original description, Kemp (1922) noted that the palm of major cheliped is from 1.8 to 2.1 times as long as fingers whereas in the present material, these are subequal.Although, the color pattern of the Persian Gulf’s material was compatible to the material collected from some stations in east Indian Ocean by Zdeněk Ďuriš, This comparison suggests either variability in the mentioned proportion, or dealing with two distinct species., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Kemp, S. (1922) Notes on crustacea decapoda in the Indian Museum. XV. Pontoniinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 24, 113 - 288."]}

Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974 (Fig. 2B, C) Material. 9 females & 3 male (ZUTC 6846), Qadir Park, Abu-Musa Island, Persian Gulf, 25°89’58”N, 55°04’23”E, sandy/rocky with corals, 04.05.2016, coll. R. Naderloo. Habitat and habit. The members of this species are living on live corals, Acropora sp. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific. Remarks. Bruce (1974) noted that the whole body of this species covered with scattered black and yellowish white dots while the Persian Gulf’s material represent green and white dots., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Bruce, A. J. (1974) Coralliocaris viridis sp. nov., a preliminary note (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae). Crustaceana, 26, 222 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854074 X 00596"]}

Synalpheus fossor (Paul’son, 1875) Material. 1 male (ZUTC 6466), Qadir Park, Abu-Musa Island, Persian Gulf, 25°89’58”N, 55°04’23”E, rocky with coral, 12.05.2015, coll. A. Sari, R. Naderloo & A. Dehghani. Habitat and habit. This species was found on the live coral. General distribution. Indian Ocean., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Paul'son, O. (1875) Izsledovaniya rakoobraznykh Krasnago Morya s zametkami otnositel'no rakoobraznykh drugikmorei. Chast' I. Podophthalmata and Edriophthalmata, Cumacea, 1 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10632"]}

Alpheus chiragricus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 Material. 2 females & 2 males (ZUTC 6859), Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf, 26°29’07”N, 55°08’10”E, shrimp fishing trawling vessel, 02.05.2015, coll. A. Dehghani, H. Ashrafi & A. Sari. Habitat and habit. The specimens were found in sandy-muddy bottom with abundant small rocks. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260

Cinetorhynchus cf. hendersoni (Kemp, 1925) Material. 1 male (ZUTC 6857), west Farur Island, Persian Gulf, 26°17’43.63”N, 54°29’5.21”E, sandy/rocky with corals, 29.12.2017, coll. R. Naderloo & H. Ashrafi. Habitat and habit. This free living species is active at night, and in daytime is found hidden in suture of corals or rocks. General distribution. Indo-Pacific. Remarks. Okuno (1997) in his key stated that there is corneous spine on coxa of first and third pereiopods, while material of the present study bear no that kind of projection. Thanks to Sammy De Grave to examine some of the specimens deposited in OUMNH, some small specimens deposited in OUMNH bear no projection. Therefore, this is highly recommended to do more studies in order to decide if the materials of this study belong to a different species or not., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 525, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Kemp, S. (1925) Notes on crustacea decapoda in the Indian Museum. XVII. On various caridea. Records of the Indian Museum, 27, 249 - 342.","Okuno, J. (1997) Crustacea decapoda: Review on the genus Cinetorhynchus Holthuis, 1995 from the Indo-West Pacific (Caridea: Rhynchocinetidae) In: Richer de Forges, B. (Ed.), Les fonds meubles des lagons de Nouvelle-Caledonie (Sedimentologie, Benthos) Orstom, Etudes & Theses, Paris. Etudes & Theses, Paris, pp. 31 - 58."]}

Alpheus mitis Dana, 1852 (Fig. 1A) Material. 2 males (ZUTC 6758), Hormuz Island, Persian Gulf, 27°02’10”N, 56°29’23”E, intertidal, sandy with patches of rock, 02.04.2016, coll. A. Dehghani & H. Ashrafi; 1 female (ZUTC 6860), Qadir Park, Abu-Musa Island, Persian Gulf, 25°89’58”N, 55°04’23”E, sandy/rocky with coral, 17.07.2019, coll. H. Ashrafi. Habitat and habit. Sandy/rocky shores, usually under rocks or in dead coral branches in intertidal zone. General distribution. Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260

Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852 (Fig.. 1E, F) Material. 1 female & 1 male (ZUTC 6845), Qadir Park, Abu-Musa Island, Persian Gulf, 25°89’58”N, 55°04’23”E, sandy/rocky with corals, inside pearl oyster Pinctada sp., 07.05.2016, coll. R. Naderloo. Habitat and habit. The specimens were found inside Pinctada sp. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific, Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260

Pontocaris affinis affinis (Alcock, 1901) Material. 1 ovigerous female (ZUTC 6858), Bandar Abbas, Persian Gulf. General distribution. Indian Ocean Remarks. The single specimen was at the collection of ZUTC with only given sampling site, and no other information. As the ovigerous female shows simple fifth pereiopods, the subspecies of P. affinis affinis is allocated to it based on the species key provided by Chace (1984)., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 523, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Chace, F. A. Jr. (1984) The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, part 2: families Glyphocrangonidae and Crangonidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 397, 1 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.397"]}

Thor cf. paschalis (Heller, 1862) Material. 11females & 4males (ZUTC 6835), southeast Hormuz Island, Persian Gulf, 27° 2’47.26”N, 56°29’42.29”E, rocky/sandy with boulders/cobbles and corals, 30.04.2017, coll. H. Ashrafi & S. Sharifi. Habitat and habit. Material of the Persian Gulf was found under cobbles in intertidal and shallow subtidal zones. General distribution. Indo-West Pacific. Remarks. Thor paschalis is related to seagrass and algae (Chace, 1997) while specimens of the present study are free living. In addition, color pattern of these two is different. Still, more study needs to be conducted in order to find the taxonomic state of the Persian Gulf’s material., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 525, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Chace, F. A. Jr. (1997) The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, Part 7: Families Atyidae, Eugonatonotidae, Rhynchocinetidae, Bathypalaemonellidae, Processidae, and Hippolytidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 587, 1 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 19436696.391.1"]}

Alpheus balaenodigitus Banner & Banner, 1982 Material. 1 female & 2 males (ZUTC 6853), Abu-Musa Island, Persian Gulf, 25°53’12”N, 55°02’10”E, 04.05.2016, coll. A. Dehghani & H. Ashrafi. Habitat and habit. The specimens were found in a rocky tidal pool and in dead coral branches. General distribution. Indian Ocean and Australia. Remark. These three specimens agree with Banner & Banner’s (1982) descriptions except that they noted margin of rostrum bearing six short setae, while no setae is seen in the Persian Gulf’s materials., Published as part of Ashrafi, Hossein, Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2020, An updated checklist of caridean shrimps of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, pp. 521-534 in Zootaxa 4747 (3) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3696260, {"references":["Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimps of Australia, part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus, and family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434"]}

Alpheus spongiarum Couti��re, 1897 Alpheus spongiarum Couti��re, 1897c: 236; De Man, 1911: 362; Johnson, 1962: 52; 1963: 283; 1979: 41; Banner & Banner, 1978: 230; 1982: 116; 1985: 31; Chace, 1988: 54; Anker & De Grave, 2016: 369. Material examined. GO: 3 males (ZUTC 6688), Abu-Musa I., in passageways of dead sponges, Coll. A. Dehghani, 15 June 2016; 4 males (ZUTC 6689), Siri I., in passageways of dead sponges, Coll. A. Sari, 14 Nov. 2016; GO: 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6680) Chabahar Bay, Tis, in passageways of recently dead sponges washed to the beach, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from Red Sea, PG, GO to Singapore, Japan, Papua New Guinea and Australia. Regional records. PG and GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. This species is associated with living sponges and found in the passageways of dead sponges washed to the beach; from lower intertidal to over 3 m deep (Anker & De Grave, 2016). Remark. This species is easily distinguished by a distinct projection on the first abdominal pleura. All material collected from Siri Island shows the following features which agree well with Anker & De Grave���s (2016) material: 1) Ischium of third pereiopod unarmed; 2) First carpal article of second pereiopod about 0.4 times as length of second article; 3) First pleura projected and second to fifth pleura angular; 4) Scaphocerite blade short; 5) Major chela ovoid, not compressed; and 7) Dactylus of minor chela longer than palm (see Banner & Banner, 1982, Anker & De Grave, 2016)., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 498, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Coutiere, H., (1897 c) Note sure Betaeus Jousseaumei, nouvelle espece d'Alphee de la Mer Rouge. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 2, 236 - 237.","De Man, J. G. (1911) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part II. Family Alpheidae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a (2), 133 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10512","Johnson, D. S. (1962) A synopsis of the Decapoda Caridea and Stenopodidea of Singapore, with notes on their distribution and a key to the genera of Caridea occurring in Malaysian waters. Bulletin of the National Museum Singapore, 30, 44 - 79.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1978) Annotated checklist of alpheid and ogyridid shrimp from the Philippine Archipelago and the South China Sea. Micronesica, 14 (2), 215 - 257.","Chace, F. A. Jr. (1988) The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, Part 5: family Alpheidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 466, 1 - 99.","Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2016) An updated and annotated checklist of marine and brackish caridean shrimps of Singapore (Crustacea, Decapoda). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 34, 343 - 454.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434"]}

Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Fig. 4 A���D) Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849: 179; Banner & Banner, 1985: 19; Chace, 1988: 34; Hayashi, 1998: 394; Naderloo & T��rkay, 2012:10; Anker & De Grave, 2016: 364. Alpheus lobidens lobidens ��� Banner & Banner, 1974: 430; Banner & Banner, 1978: 223; Banner & Banner, 1982: 252. Alpheus lobidens polynesica ��� Banner & Banner, 1974: 429; Banner & Banner, 1982: 256. Alpheus crassimanus Heller, 1862a: 526; Johnson, 1962: 53; Banner & Banner, 1966a: 138; Johnson, 1979: 36. Material examined. PG : 2 males, 3 females (ZUTC 6758), Bandar-Mahshar, under rock in turbid water, Coll. A. Dehghani, 26 Nov. 2015; 1 male, 1 female (ZUTC 6759), Arvand-Kenar, under rock in turbid water, Coll. A. Dehghani, 25 Nov. 2015; 3 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6760), Bandar-Deylam, under rock, Coll. R. Naderloo, 28 Oct. 2014; 3 males, 3 females (ZUTC 6761), Bandar-Genaveh, under rocks and from burrows, Coll. A. Sari and H. Salehi, 28 Nov. 2012; 1 male (ZUTC 6762), Bandar-Dayyer, under rocks and from burrows, Coll. R. Naderloo, 1 Oct. 2012; 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6763), Bandar-Lengeh, under rock, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 2 May 2015; 3 males, 1 female (ZUTC 6764) Hormuz I., under rocks and from burrows, Coll. A. Sari, 2 Dec. 2014; 3 males (ZUTC 6765) Abu-Musa I., under large boulder or its inside holes and passageways, Coll. A. Dehghani, 10 May 2016; 1 male, 1 female, (SMF 51382), Abu-Musa I., under large boulder or inside holes and passageways, Coll. A. Dehghani, 10 May 2016; GO: 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6766), Abd Village, rocky/ cobble, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 2 May 2016; 1 male, 1 female (ZUTC 6767) Khalasi Estuary, mangroves, muddy/boulder, Coll. A. Sari, 2 Dec. 2013; 1 male, 1 female (ZUTC 6768) Chabahar Bay, Tis, rocky/ cobble, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 May 2016; 2 males, 3 females (ZUTC 6769), Tang Village, sandy, Coll. S. Ebrahimnezhad, 25 Nov. 2015; 3 males, 2 females (ZUTC 6770) Djod Village, rocky/cobble, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 25 May 2017; 1 male, 2 females (ZUTC 6771) Gwatr Bay, sandy/muddy, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 25 May 2017. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from South Africa to PG, and GO to Japan, Australia and Hawaii. Regional records. PG: Iran (Banner & Banner 1981; Naderloo & T��rkay 2012); GO: Iran (Naderloo et al. 2015). Habitat. Rocky/cobble intertidal, usually under rocks and large pieces of coral rubble, muddy intertidal, estuaries, mangroves. This species is typically found in the intertidal and shallow subtidal 0���3 m deep. Remark. This species complex is common in PG and GO, especially under rocks and boulders in intertidal habitats. Alpheus lobidens shows several different color patterns and currently is a puzzling group. This species needs a thorough comparison of morphology and observed color pattern variations among individuals, which the authors have started. At least two species are currently distinguishable by the presence or absence of spine on merus of large chela and conspicuous black spots on the abdomen (see Anker & De Grave, 2016)., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on pages 486-487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["De Haan, W. (1849) Crustacea. In: von Siebold, P. F. (Ed.), Fauna Japonica, sive Descriptio animalium, quae in itinere per Japoniam, jussu et auspiciis superiorum, qui summum in India Batava imperium tenent, suscepto, annis 1823 - 1830 collegit, notis, observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit P. F. de Siebold. Conjunctis studiis C. J. Temminck et H. Schlegel pro Fertebratis atque W. de Haan pro Invertebratis elaborata Regis aupicus edita. Decas FI. Lugduni- Batavorum, Leiden, pp. 165 - 196.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1985) The alpheid shrimp of Indonesia, based upon J. G. De Man's \" The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Family Alpheidae. \" (1911). Marine Research in Indonesia, 25, 1 - 79.","Chace, F. A. Jr. (1988) The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, Part 5: family Alpheidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 466, 1 - 99.","Hayashi, K. I. (1998) Prawns, shrimps and lobsters from Japan (81). Family Alpheidae - Genus Alpheus. Aquabiology, 118, 390 - 395.","Naderloo, R. & Turkay, M. (2012) Decapod crustaceans of the littoral and shallow sublittoral Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf: faunistics, biodiversity and zoogeography. Zootaxa, 3374 (1), 1 - 67.","Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2016) An updated and annotated checklist of marine and brackish caridean shrimps of Singapore (Crustacea, Decapoda). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 34, 343 - 454.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1974) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean Part XVII. Additional notes on the Hawaiian alpheids: new species, subspecies, and some nomenclatorial changes. Pacific Science, 28, 423 - 437.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1978) Annotated checklist of alpheid and ogyridid shrimp from the Philippine Archipelago and the South China Sea. Micronesica, 14 (2), 215 - 257.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434","Heller, C. (1862) Neue Crustaceen, gesammelt wahrend der Weltumseglung der k. k. Fregatte Novara. Zweiter vorlaufiger Bericht. Ferhandlungen des Kaiserlich-koniglichen Zoologischbotanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 12, 519 - 528.","Johnson, D. S. (1962) A synopsis of the Decapoda Caridea and Stenopodidea of Singapore, with notes on their distribution and a key to the genera of Caridea occurring in Malaysian waters. Bulletin of the National Museum Singapore, 30, 44 - 79.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1966 a) The alpheid shrimp of Thailand. The Siam Society Monograph Series, 3, 1 - 168.","Johnson, D. S. (1979) Prawns of the Malacca Straits and Singapore waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 18, 1 - 54. [for 1976]","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1981) Annotated checklist of the alpheid shrimp of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Zoologische Ferhandelingen, 190, 1 - 99.","Naderloo, R., Ebrahimnezhad, S. & Sari, A. (2015) Annotated checklist of the decapod crustaceans of the Gulf of Oman, northwestern Indian Ocean. Zootaxa, 4028 (3), 397 - 412. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4028.3.5"]}

Alpheus lutosus Anker & De Grave, 2009 (Fig. 4F) Alpheus lutosus Anker & De Grave, 2009; De Grave & Ashelby, 2011, Naderloo & T��rkay, 2012: 10. Material examined. PG : 2 males, 3 females (ZUTC 6706) Bandar-Mahshar, muddy flat, Coll. R. Naderloo and A. Dehghani, 26 Nov. 2015; 3 males, 2 females (ZUTC 6707), Bandar-Deylam, muddy flat, Coll. R. Naderloo & A. Dehghani, 28 Nov. 2015; 1 male, (SMF 51383), Bandar-Mahshar, muddy flat, Coll. R. Naderloo & A. Dehghani, 26 Nov. 2015. Distribution. It seems to be endemic to the Persian Gulf (Iran and Kuwait). Regional records. PG: Iran (Naderloo & T��rkay, 2012, present study), Kuwait (Anker & De Grave 2008); GO: No record. Habitat. In intertidal and estuarine mudflats, in burrows made under boulders or in muddy banks. Remarks. According to Anker and De Grave (2009), David Jones collected a series of Alpheus from the intertidal mudflats of Kuwait in 2004 and provisionally identified these as A. euphrosyne De Man, 1897. Later, this material was examined and was designated to a new species A. lutosus Anker & De Grave (2009). This species is easily distinguished from its PG/GO congeners by the presence of a distinct spine-like tooth on the mesial surface of the major chela palm. The species also has a distinctive blue patch on the distal region of uropods. The collected specimens agree well with the description and illustrations provided by Anker & De Grave (2009). These authors also mentioned that A. lutosus is syntopic with A. lobidens De Haan, 1849, and A. rapax Fabricius, 1798, in the muddy estuaries of Kuwait. In our samples, A. lutosus was only found syntopic with A. euphrosyne De Man, 1897., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on pages 487-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2009) A new snapping shrimp (Crustacea Decapoda, Alpheidae, Alpheus) from the estuarine mudflats of Kuwait. Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden), 83 (25), 811 - 817.","De Grave, S. & Ashelby, C. W. (2011) Notes on some shrimp species (Decapoda: Caridea) from Qatar, with an annotated checklist of marine caridean species known from the Persian Gulf. Marine Biodiversity Records, 4, 1 - 7.","Naderloo, R. & Turkay, M. (2012) Decapod crustaceans of the littoral and shallow sublittoral Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf: faunistics, biodiversity and zoogeography. Zootaxa, 3374 (1), 1 - 67.","De Man, J. G. (1897) Bericht uber die von Herrn Schiffscapitan Storm zu Atjeh, an den westlichen Kusten von Malakka, Borneo und Celebes sowie in der Java-See gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Funfter Theil. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 9, 725 - 790. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16084","De Haan, W. (1849) Crustacea. In: von Siebold, P. F. (Ed.), Fauna Japonica, sive Descriptio animalium, quae in itinere per Japoniam, jussu et auspiciis superiorum, qui summum in India Batava imperium tenent, suscepto, annis 1823 - 1830 collegit, notis, observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit P. F. de Siebold. Conjunctis studiis C. J. Temminck et H. Schlegel pro Fertebratis atque W. de Haan pro Invertebratis elaborata Regis aupicus edita. Decas FI. Lugduni- Batavorum, Leiden, pp. 165 - 196.","Fabricius, J. C. (1798) Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species Adjectis Synonimis Locis Observationibus Descriptionibus. Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafniae, 572 pp."]}

Alpheus ankeri Dehghani, Sari & Naderloo, 2018 (Fig. 1 C���D) Material examined. PG : Holotype: adult male, CL 8.4 mm (ZUTC 6660), Qadir Park, Abu-Musa I., 25��53���45������N 55��02���23������E, rock crevices, Coll. A. Dehghani, A. Sari, R. Naderloo and H. Ashrafi, 10 May 2016. Allotype: adult female, CL 9.1 mm (ZUTC 6661), same data as holotype. Paratypes (CL range 8���9 mm): 4 males, 5 females (ZUTC 6666), same data as holotype. 2 males, 3 females (SMF 51376), same data as holotype. 4 males, 2 females (ZUTC 6665), Siri I., 25��53���48������N 54�� 32���21������E, rock crevices, Coll. A. Dehghani, A. Sari and S. Ashrafi, 5 November 2016. Distribution. Only known from the Abu-Musa I., PG, Iran. Habitat. All specimens was collected from exposed rocky shores near to high intertidal in deep crevices of bedrock filled with coarse sand. Remarks. A. ankeri belongs to the so-called L clade of Alpheus (senso Williams et al, 2001) and within this clade to Alpheus leviusculus complex. This is either the morphologically similar or very closely related species to A. bastardi Couti��re, 1898. In A. bastardi both sexes bear a well-developed balaeniceps, as described by Couti��re (1898). While in A. ankeri no balaeniceps were observed in minor chela of both sexes., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 482, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Dehghani, A., Sari, A. & Naderloo, R. (2018) Three new species of narrowly endemic snapping shrimp, genus Alpheus (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 1 - 10. [published online] https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315418000693","Williams, S. T., Knowlton, N., Weigt, L. A. & Jara, J. A. (2001) Evidence for three major clades within the snapping shrimp genus Alpheus inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 20 (3), 375 - 389. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / mpev. 2001.0976"]}

Alpheus rapax Fabricius, 1798 Alpheus rapax Fabricius, 1798: 405; De Man, 1909b: 147; De Man, 1911: 385; Johnson, 1962: 52; Banner & Banner, 1966a: 121; Johnson, 1979: 40; Banner & Banner, 1978: 228; 1982: 174; 1985: 31. Alpheus brevicristatus ��� Tan & Yeo, 2004: 137. Material examined. PG : 2 males, 1 female (ZUTC 6690), Hormuz I., in muddy bottoms, Coll. A. Sari and A. Dehghani, 10 Oct. 2017; GO: 2 males, 1 female (ZUTC 6691), Chabahar Bay, Tis, muddy bottoms, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from Red Sea, PG, GO to Japan, Indonesia, Australia, Micronesia and Hawaii. Regional records. PG : Iran (Banner & Banner 1981, present study); GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. Sandy-muddy or sandy-rubble bottoms, near coral reefs, sea grasses beds or mangroves, occasionally associated with gobies; intertidal to at least 5 m deep. Remarks. Alpheus rapax can be distinguished from related species by having a broader scaphocerite and shorter fingers of the minor chela (see Bruce, 1994)., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1798) Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species Adjectis Synonimis Locis Observationibus Descriptionibus. Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafniae, 572 pp.","De Man, J. G. (1909 b) Description of a new species of the genus Alpheus from the Bay of Batavia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1909, 663 - 666.","De Man, J. G. (1911) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part II. Family Alpheidae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a (2), 133 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10512","Johnson, D. S. (1962) A synopsis of the Decapoda Caridea and Stenopodidea of Singapore, with notes on their distribution and a key to the genera of Caridea occurring in Malaysian waters. Bulletin of the National Museum Singapore, 30, 44 - 79.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1966 a) The alpheid shrimp of Thailand. The Siam Society Monograph Series, 3, 1 - 168.","Johnson, D. S. (1979) Prawns of the Malacca Straits and Singapore waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 18, 1 - 54. [for 1976]","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1978) Annotated checklist of alpheid and ogyridid shrimp from the Philippine Archipelago and the South China Sea. Micronesica, 14 (2), 215 - 257.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1981) Annotated checklist of the alpheid shrimp of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Zoologische Ferhandelingen, 190, 1 - 99."]}

Alpheus edwardsii (Audouin, 1826) (Fig. 3 A–B) Athanas edwardsii Audouin, 1826: 91. Alpheus edwardsii —Banner & Banner, 1973: 1141; Banner & Banner, 1978: 222; Banner & Banner, 1982: 270; Banner & Banner, 1985: 16; Chace, 988: 25. Naderloo & Türkay, 2012: 9; Anker & De Grave, 2016: 352. Material examined. PG : 1 male, 3 females (ZUTC 6730), Bandar-Mahshar, under rock in turbid water, Coll. A. Dehghani, 26 Nov. 2015; 2 males, 1 female (ZUTC 6731), Arvand-Kenar, under rock in turbid water, Coll. A. Dehghani, 25 Nov. 2015; Bushehr, 2 males, 1 ovig. female (ZUTC 6732), Bandar-Deylam, under rock, Coll. R. Naderloo, 28 Oct. 2014; 2 males, 3 females (ZUTC 6733), Bandar-Genaveh, under rocks and from burrows, Coll. A. Sari and H. Salehi, 28 Nov. 2012; 1 male (ZUTC 6734), Bandar-Dayyer, under rocks and from burrows, Coll. R. Naderloo, 1 Oct. 2012; 3 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6735), Bandar-Lengeh, under rock, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 2 May 2015; 2 males, 3 females (ZUTC 6736), Hormuz I., under rocks and from burrows, Coll. A. Sari, 2 Dec. 2014; 1 male, (ZUTC 6737) Abu-Musa I., large boulder or its inside holes and channels, Coll. A. Dehghani, 10 May 2016; 1 male, 1 female (SMF 51379), Hormuz I., under rocks and from burrows, Coll. A. Sari, 2 Dec. 2014; GO: 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6738), Abd Village, in crevices of dead corals, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 2 May 2016; 1 male, 2 females (ZUTC 6739) Khalasi Estuary, mangroves, muddy/boulder, Coll. A. Sari, 2 males, 2 Dec. 2013; 1 female (ZUTC 6740) Chabahar Bay, Tis, rocky/cobble, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 May 2016; 1 male, 3 females (ZUTC 6741), Tang Village, sandy, Coll. S. Ebrahimnezhad, 25 Nov. 2015; 1 male, 2 females (ZUTC 6742), Djod Village, rocky/cobble, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 25 May 2017. Regional records. PG: UAE (Nobili 1906, as Alpheus audouini Coutière), Iran (Naderloo & Türkay 2012); GO: Iran (Naderloo et al. 2015) Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from South Africa and Red Sea to Japan and Australia. Habitat. Rocky/sandy intertidal, under rocks and large pieces of coral rubble; intertidal and shallow subtidal, 0–3 m deep. Remark. This species complex is very common in the GO, especially in rocky-sandy habitats. Morphologically, our material agrees well with Banner & Banner’s (1982) description. The variation in color patterns in PG and GO material caused a problematic status for this species complex. According to Anker & De Grave (2016), Alpheus edwardsii is a challenging group comprised of several species and therefore needs a thorough examination of morphologically similar material from its geographical range., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on pages 484-485, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Audouin, V. (1826) Explication sommaire des planches de crustaces de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny, membre de l'Institut; offrant un expose des caracteres naturels des genres, avec la distinction des especes. Description de l'Egypte, Histoire Naturelle, 1, 77 - 98.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1978) Annotated checklist of alpheid and ogyridid shrimp from the Philippine Archipelago and the South China Sea. Micronesica, 14 (2), 215 - 257.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1985) The alpheid shrimp of Indonesia, based upon J. G. De Man's \" The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition, Part II. Family Alpheidae. \" (1911). Marine Research in Indonesia, 25, 1 - 79.","Naderloo, R. & Turkay, M. (2012) Decapod crustaceans of the littoral and shallow sublittoral Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf: faunistics, biodiversity and zoogeography. Zootaxa, 3374 (1), 1 - 67.","Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2016) An updated and annotated checklist of marine and brackish caridean shrimps of Singapore (Crustacea, Decapoda). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 34, 343 - 454.","Nobili, G. (1906) Diagnoses preliminaires de Crustaces, Decapodes et isopods nouveaux receuillis par M. le Dr G. Seurat aux iles Touamotou. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 12, 256 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4097","Naderloo, R., Ebrahimnezhad, S. & Sari, A. (2015) Annotated checklist of the decapod crustaceans of the Gulf of Oman, northwestern Indian Ocean. Zootaxa, 4028 (3), 397 - 412. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4028.3.5"]}

Alpheus deuteropus Hilgendorf, 1879 (Fig. 2 A–B) Alpheus deuteropus Hilgendorf, 1879: 834: 8–10; Coutière, 1899: 81: 255; Banner & Banner, 1966b: 80: 26; Banner & Banner, 1982: 43; Chace, 1988: 22. Crangon deuteropus Banner, 1953: 70. Material examined. PG: 3 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6650), Abu-Musa I., in crevices of dead coral heads, Coll. R. Naderloo and A. Dehghani, 10 May 2016; GO: 1 male, 1 ovig. female (ZUTC 6651), Chabahar Bay, Tis, in crevices of dead coral heads, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016, Regional records. PG and GO: Iran (present study). General distribution. Indo-West Pacific: South and East Africa to Philippines, Pacific to Hawaii. Habitat. All specimens were collected from crevices of dead coral heads, Acropora sp., mostly from 2–4 m deep. Remarks. This is the only species of the A. macrocheles (Hailstone, 1835) species complex represented in our collections. It is easily recognized by the shape of its major chela. Banner & Banner (1983) provided a detailed description and figures of the specimens collected in Australia. The present specimens agree well, in most characters, with the Australian material examined by Banner & Banner (1982:44). This species is syntopic with A. parvirostris in the Iranian coast., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 483, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Hilgendorf, F. (1879) Die von Herrn W. Peters in Mocambique gesammelten Crustaceen. Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussischen Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1878, 782 - 851.","Coutiere, H. (1899) Les \" Alpheidae \", morphologie externe et interne, formes larvaires, bionomie. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, Serie 8, 380 (9), 1 - 560, pls. 1 - 6. [Masson et Cie, Ed., Paris]","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1966 b) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part X. Collections from Fiji, Tonga and Samoa. Pacific Science, 20, 145 - 188.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434","Chace, F. A. Jr. (1988) The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, Part 5: family Alpheidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 466, 1 - 99.","Banner, A. H. (1953) The Crangonidae, or snapping shrimp, of Hawaii. Pacific Science, 7, 3 - 147.","Hailstone, S. (1835) Descriptions of some species of Crustaceous Animals with Illustrations and Remarks by J. O. Westwood. The Magazine of Natural History, 8, 261 - 265.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1983) An annotated checklist of the alpheid shrimp from the Western Indian Ocean. Travaux et Documents de l'O. R. S. T. O. M., 158, 1 - 164."]}

Alpheus barbatus Couti��re, 1897 (Fig. 1 E���F) Alpheus barbatus Couti��re, 1897a: 235; 1899: 280; De Man, 1911: 387; Banner & Banner, 1982: 163. Material examined. PG : 2 males, 3 ovig. females (ZUTC 6725), Abu-Musa I., sandy/boulder shores, Coll. R. Naderloo and A. Dehghani, 10 Oct. 2017; GO: 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6726), Chabahar Bay, Tis, under large rocks and coral rubble, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016. Distribution. Indian Ocean: East Africa to Indonesia. Regional records. PG and GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. In crevices of massive dead corals, often in the lower intertidal to over 5 m deep. Remarks. This species is easily recognized by its thick rows of setae that obscure the mesial surface of the fingers of the minor chela (best seen in males, Fig. 1E). Our specimens agree well with the description and illustrations of Banner & Banner (1982). The only observed difference is in the length ratio of the segments of the second pereiopods. In the present specimens, the ratio is 10:6:2:2:6 [vs. 10:5:2:2: 5 in Banner & Banner���s (1982) specimens]., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 482, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Coutiere, H. (1897 a) Note sur quelques especes du genre Alpheus du Musee de Leyde. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 19, 195 - 207.","De Man, J. G. (1911) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part II. Family Alpheidae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a (2), 133 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10512","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434"]}

Alpheus bucephaloides Nobili, 1905 Alpheus bucephaloides Nobili, 1905: 238; Tattersall, 1921: 379; Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1958: 23; Banner & Banner, 1981: 10. Material examined. PG : 2 males, 3 ovig. females (ZUTC 6722), Abu-Musa I., inside the sponges, Coll. R. Naderloo, 10 Oct. 2017; 1 male (SMF 51377) same data as holotype; GO: 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6723) Chabahar Bay, Tis, inside the sponges and among coral rubble, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 2 Oct. 2016. Distribution. Northwestern Indian Ocean: PG, GO and Red Sea. Regional records. PG and GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. Living inside sponges attached to underneath of rocks. Remarks. This species was described by Nobili (1905) based on over 20 specimens collected from the Persian Gulf by J. Bonnier and Ch. Perez and who provided a short description with no drawings. Banner & Banner (1981) figured the lectotype of this species. The material of the current study agrees well with the original description and Banner & Banner���s (1981) illustrations., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on pages 482-483, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Nobili, G. (1905) Quatre decapodes nouveaux de Golfe Persique (recoltes de MM. J. Bonnier et Ch. Perez). Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire naturelle Paris, 1, 238 - 239.","Tattersall, W. M. (1921) Report on the Stomatopoda and macrurous Decapoda collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in the Sudanese Red Sea. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 34 (229), 345 - 398. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1921. tb 01838. x","Holthuis, L. B. & Gottlieb, E. (1958) An annotated list of the decapod Crustacea of the Mediterranean coast of I, with an appendix listing the Decapoda of the eastern Mediterranean. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, Section B (Zoology), 7 B (1 - 2), 1 - 126.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1981) Annotated checklist of the alpheid shrimp of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Zoologische Ferhandelingen, 190, 1 - 99."]}

Alpheus diadema Dana, 1852 Alpheus diadema Dana, 1852a: 555, pl. 35, fig. 7. Alpheus insignis Heller, 1861: 269, pl. 3, figs. 17, 18. Crangon diadema Banner, 1953: 118, fig. 43. Material examined. PG : 1 male, 1 ovig. female (ZUTC 6720) Abu-Musa I., in crevices of dead coral heads, Coll. S. Ebrahimnezhad, 12 June 2015. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific from Red Sea to Japan and across central Pacific to Hawaii. Regional records. PG and GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. This species was found in crevices of dead corals and rocks, associated with coral rubble, mostly found in the lower intertidal to over 5 m deep. Remarks. This species is easily distinguished from its congeners by having a prominent rostral carina., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 483, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Heller, C. (1861) Synopsis der im rothen Meere vorkommenden Crustaceen. Ferhandlungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 11, 3 - 31.","Banner, A. H. (1953) The Crangonidae, or snapping shrimp, of Hawaii. Pacific Science, 7, 3 - 147."]}

Alpheus microstylus (Bate, 1888) (Fig. 5C) Betaeus microstylus Bate, 1888: 566. Alpheus microstylus ��� Coutiere, 1905a: 884. Alpheus obesomanus De Man, 1888a: 520; 1902: 867. Alpheus malleodigitus Coutiere, 1899: 223, 316. Alpheus microstylu s var.? De Man, 1911: 345. Alpheus microstylus ��� Banner and Banner, 1966b: 105. Material examined. PG : 1 male, 1 female (ZUTC 6679), Abu-Musa I., on dead coral, Coll. R. Naderloo and A. Dehghani, 10 Oct. 2017; GO: 2 males (ZUTC 6680), Chabahar Bay, Tis, on dead coral, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from Madagascar, Red Sea, PG, GO and India to the Philippines. Regional records. PG and GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. Typically found on Acropora sp. branches. Remark. This species is syntopic with A. malleodigitus and shows marked differences on scaphocerite and dactylus of the major chela. This species needs a re-investigation using molecular analysis and a more thorough comparison of external morphology and color patterns between the two species., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Bate, C. S. (1888) Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected by the Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76, 24, i-xc + 1 - 942, pls. 1 - 157.","Coutiere, H. (1905) Marine Crustaceans. Les Alpheidae. XV. (Plates LXX-LXXXVII et Texte-Figures 127 - 139). In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes. 2 (4). University Press, Cambridge and London, pp. 852 - 921.","De Man, J. G. (1888 a) Bericht uber die von Herrn Dr. J. Brock im indischen Archipel gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 53, 289 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4747","Coutiere, H. (1899) Les \" Alpheidae \", morphologie externe et interne, formes larvaires, bionomie. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, Serie 8, 380 (9), 1 - 560, pls. 1 - 6. [Masson et Cie, Ed., Paris]","De Man, J. G. (1911) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part II. Family Alpheidae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a (2), 133 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10512","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1966 b) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part X. Collections from Fiji, Tonga and Samoa. Pacific Science, 20, 145 - 188."]}

Alpheus parvirostris Dana, 1852 (Fig. 6D) Alpheus parvi-rostris Dana, 1852a: 22; Dana, 1852b: 551. Alpheus lineifer Miers, 1875: 343. Alpheus euchiroides Nobili, 1906: 257. Alpheus braschi Boone, 1935: 131. Alpheus parvirostris ��� De Man, 1911: 432; Johnson, 1962: 54; Banner & Banner, 1966a: 149; Johnson, 1979: 40; Banner & Banner, 1978: 228; Liu & Lan, 1980: 106; Banner & Banner, 1982: 185; Chace, 1988: 47; Anker & De Grave, 2016: 362. Material examined. PG : 2 males, 5 ovig. females (ZUTC 6697), Abu-Musa I., sandy/boulder shores, Coll. R. Naderloo and A. Dehghani, 10 Oct. 2017; 1 male, 1 female (SMF 51385, Abu-Musa I., sandy/boulder shores, Coll. R. Naderloo & A. Dehghani, 10 Oct. 2017; GO: 5 males, 4 ovig. females (ZUTC 6698), Chabahar Bay, Tis, in large rocks and coral rubble, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from South Africa, Red Sea and PG, GO to Japan, Indonesia, Australia, Samoa, Cook Islands, and French Polynesia. Regional records. PG : Iran (Banner & Banner 1981, present study); GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. Coral reefs and adjacent rubble habitats, also on mixed rock-sand and sand-rubble bottoms, typically in crevices of dead coral heads, among clumps of calcareous algae, also under algae-covered boulders, rarely found in sponges and living corals such as: Galaxea sp., Pocillopora sp., Acropora sp., Tubipora sp. Remark. The present material was collected intertidally and only in dead corals. Anker & De Grave (2016) mentioned that this species is syntopic with its closely related species A. bannerorum Bruce, 1987, while the current study data recorded this species as syntopic with A. gracilis., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 490, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Dana, J. D. (1852 b) Crustacea. Part I. United States Exploring Expedition. During the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N. Fol. 13. C. Sherman, Philadelphia, 685 pp.","Miers, E. J. (1875) On some new or undescribed species of Crustacea from the Samoa Islands. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 16: 341 - 344.","Nobili, G. (1906) Diagnoses preliminaires de Crustaces, Decapodes et isopods nouveaux receuillis par M. le Dr G. Seurat aux iles Touamotou. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 12, 256 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4097","De Man, J. G. (1911) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part II. Family Alpheidae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a (2), 133 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10512","Johnson, D. S. (1962) A synopsis of the Decapoda Caridea and Stenopodidea of Singapore, with notes on their distribution and a key to the genera of Caridea occurring in Malaysian waters. Bulletin of the National Museum Singapore, 30, 44 - 79.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1966 a) The alpheid shrimp of Thailand. The Siam Society Monograph Series, 3, 1 - 168.","Johnson, D. S. (1979) Prawns of the Malacca Straits and Singapore waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 18, 1 - 54. [for 1976]","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1978) Annotated checklist of alpheid and ogyridid shrimp from the Philippine Archipelago and the South China Sea. Micronesica, 14 (2), 215 - 257.","Liu, R. & Lan, J. (1980) On a collection of the genus Alpheus (Crustacea Decapoda) from the Xisha Islands, Guangdong Province, China. Studia Marina Sinica, 12, 77 - 115.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434","Chace, F. A. Jr. (1988) The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, Part 5: family Alpheidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 466, 1 - 99.","Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2016) An updated and annotated checklist of marine and brackish caridean shrimps of Singapore (Crustacea, Decapoda). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 34, 343 - 454.","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1981) Annotated checklist of the alpheid shrimp of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Zoologische Ferhandelingen, 190, 1 - 99.","Bruce, A. J. (1987) A new species of alpheid shrimp, Alpheus bannerorum from northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 4, 61 - 72."]}

Alpheus hippothoe De Man, 1888 (Fig. 3 E–F) Alpheus hippothoe edamensis De Man, 1888a: 518. Alpheus edamensis De Man, 1911:437, fig. 107; Banner & Banner, 1966b: 157, fig. 61. Alpheus acanthomerus Ortmann, 1890: 474, pl. 36, fig. 12. Material examined. PG: 5 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6708), Abu-Musa I., sandy/boulder shores, Coll. R. Naderloo and A. Dehghani, 10 Oct. 2017; 1 male, 1 female (SMF 51381), Abu-Musa I., sandy/boulder shores, Coll. R. Naderloo and A. Dehghani, 10 Oct. 2017; GO: 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6709), Chabahar Bay, Tis, in large rocks and coral rubble, Coll. A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: PG, GO, Thailand, Indonesia, Fiji, Samoa, and Australia. Regional records. PG and GO: Iran (present study). Habitat. In crevices of massive dead corals and rocks, also found in rubble, often in lower intertidal to over 5 m deep. Remarks. This species is similar to A. serenei Tiwari, 1964 (Anker & De Grave, 2016). Based on Banner & Banner (1982), the main characteristics separating A. hippothoe from A. serenei are the “absence of both flattened area in front of orbital hoods and setiferous crest on the medial side of the small chela dactylus”. In contrast, both characteristics are more prominent in A. serenei. All specimens from the PG and GO show these key characteristics of A. hippothoe. In addition, this species bears no minute supplementary notch on the dactylus of third pereiopods. While it present in A. serenei (Anker & De Grave, 2016). A molecular analysis and detailed comparison of color patterns may shed light to proper identification of A. hippothoe and A. serenei., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 486, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["De Man, J. G. (1888 a) Bericht uber die von Herrn Dr. J. Brock im indischen Archipel gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 53, 289 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4747","De Man, J. G. (1911) The Decapoda of the Siboga Expedition. Part II. Family Alpheidae. Siboga Expeditie, 39 a (2), 133 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10512","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1966 b) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part X. Collections from Fiji, Tonga and Samoa. Pacific Science, 20, 145 - 188.","Ortmann, A. (1890) Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museums, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der von Herrn Dr. Doderlein bei Japan und bei den Liu-Kiu-Inseln gesammelten und z. Z. im Strassburger Museum aufbewahrten Formen. I. Theil. Die Unterordnung Natantia (Boas) (Abtheilungen: Penaeidae und Eucyphidea Caridae der Autoren). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 5, 437 - 542.","Tiwari, K. K. (1964) Diagnosis of two new species of alpheid shrimps from Vietnam (Indo-China). Crustaceana, 7, 313 - 315. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854064 X 00515","Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2016) An updated and annotated checklist of marine and brackish caridean shrimps of Singapore (Crustacea, Decapoda). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 34, 343 - 454.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434"]}

Alpheus djeddensis Couti��re, 1897 (Fig. 2 C���D) Alpheus djeddensis Couti��re, 1897a: 202; De Man, 1909a: 160; Johnson, 1979: 37; Banner & Banner, 1981: 17; Jones, 1986: 135. (?) Alpheus djiboutensis De Man, 1909b: 160; Holthuis, 1958: 25; Banner & Banner, 1982: 180. Material examined. PG : 1 male (ZUTC 6717), Abu-Musa I., associated with gobies, Coll. R. Naderloo, 3 Oct. 2016; GO: 1 male (ZUTC 6718), Chabahar Bay, Tis, associated with gobies, Coll. A. Sari and A. Dehghani, 2 Oct. 2016. Regional records. PG : Kuwait (Jones 1986); Iran (present study); GO: Iran (present study). Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from Red Sea to Japan and Australia. Habitat. The species is always associated with gobies (Cryptocentrus spp. and Amblyeleotris spp.). Remake. Jones (1986) recorded this species for the first time from the Persian Gulf. Banner & Banner (1981) listed A. djiboutensis De Man, 1909, as a junior synonym of A. djeddensis, without providing any argument. But a year later, Banner & Banner (1982) reported A. djiboutensis De Man, 1909, as a distinct species from A. djeddensis. The specimens collected from the GO match closely the Singapore specimen identified as A. djeddensis by Anker & De Grave (2016: fig. 8)., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on pages 483-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["Coutiere, H. (1897 a) Note sur quelques especes du genre Alpheus du Musee de Leyde. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 19, 195 - 207.","De Man, J. G. (1909 a) Diagnoses of new species of macrurous decapod Crustacea from the \" Siboga-Expedition \", IV. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Fereeniging, 11 (2), 99 - 125.","Johnson, D. S. (1979) Prawns of the Malacca Straits and Singapore waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 18, 1 - 54. [for 1976]","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1981) Annotated checklist of the alpheid shrimp of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Zoologische Ferhandelingen, 190, 1 - 99.","Jones, D. A. (1986) A Field Guide to the Sea Shores of Kuwait and the Persian Gulf. University of Kuwait, Distributed Blandford Press, Kuwait City, 192 pp.","De Man, J. G. (1909 b) Description of a new species of the genus Alpheus from the Bay of Batavia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1909, 663 - 666.","Holthuis, L. B. & Gottlieb, E. (1958) An annotated list of the decapod Crustacea of the Mediterranean coast of I, with an appendix listing the Decapoda of the eastern Mediterranean. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel, Section B (Zoology), 7 B (1 - 2), 1 - 126.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434","Anker, A. & De Grave, S. (2016) An updated and annotated checklist of marine and brackish caridean shrimps of Singapore (Crustacea, Decapoda). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 34, 343 - 454."]}

Alpheus alcyone De Man, 1902 Alpheus alcyone De Man, 1902: 870; Nobili, 1906: 32; Banner, 1966b: 107; Banner & Banner, 1982:110. Alpheus aculeipes Couti��re, 1905: 892. Alpheus crinitus Bate, 1888: 548. Material examined. PG : 1 male (ZUTC 6728), Hormuz I., on dead corals, Coll. A. Dehghani and H. Ashrafi, 10 May 2016; GO: 2 males, 2 ovig. females (ZUTC 6728), Chabahar Bay, Tis, on dead corals, Coll. A. Sari, 2 Oct. 2016. Regional records. PG : UAE (Nobili 1906), Iran (present study); GO: Iran (present study). Distribution. Indo-West Pacific: from the PG to Japan, Marshall, Caroline, Fiji, Tonga and Samoa Islands. Habitat. Associated with living corals and in passageways of dead sponge; from lower intertidal to over 3 m deep. Remarks. Alpheus alcyone was recorded from the PG (UAE) by Nobili (1906). Our PG material agrees with Banner & Banner���s (1982) descriptions. The only difference was observed in the second legs. Banner & Banner (1982) noted that the second carpal segment of the second leg varies from 2 to 3 times as the length of the first segment, while in our freshly collected material this value is 1.5 with no variations., Published as part of Dehghani, Amir, Sari, Alireza & Naderloo, Reza, 2019, Annotated checklist of the snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, Iran, pp. 479-504 in Zootaxa 4544 (4) on page 481, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4544.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2618475, {"references":["De Man, J. G. (1902) Die von Herrn Professor Kukenthal im Indiscen Archipel gesammelten Dekapoden und Stomatopoden. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 466 - 929. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10409","Nobili, G. (1906) Diagnoses preliminaires de Crustaces, Decapodes et isopods nouveaux receuillis par M. le Dr G. Seurat aux iles Touamotou. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 12, 256 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4097","Banner, A. H. & Banner, D. M. (1966 b) Contributions to the knowledge of the alpheid shrimp of the Pacific Ocean. Part X. Collections from Fiji, Tonga and Samoa. Pacific Science, 20, 145 - 188.","Banner, D. M. & Banner, A. H. (1982) The alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part III: The remaining alpheids, principally the genus Alpheus and the family Ogyrididae. Records of the Australian Museum, 34, 1 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.34.1982.434","Coutiere, H. (1905) Marine Crustaceans. Les Alpheidae. XV. (Plates LXX-LXXXVII et Texte-Figures 127 - 139). In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes. 2 (4). University Press, Cambridge and London, pp. 852 - 921.","Bate, C. S. (1888) Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected by the Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76, 24, i-xc + 1 - 942, pls. 1 - 157."]}