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9. Simplified clock drift management to avoid Denial of Service attacks in cloud

Author

Sarath Kumar. B, Shiva Prakash. G, P. Varalakshmi, and Mukund Murrali

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Server, Clock drift, Open port, Overhead (computing), Cloud computing, Denial-of-service attack, business, Port (computer networking), Synchronization, Computer network
Abstract

Cloud servers open some known ports for communication in the network. These ports can be used for Denial of Service (DOS) attacks by malicious users, who are capable of sending repeated requests to these open ports thereby denying services to the legitimate users. Earlier mechanisms to prevent these types of attacks include the port hopping technique. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to synchronize the clocks of clients and servers in a cloud environment to have a proper port hopping to prevent open port attacks on the servers. Since the client knows the ports which are open during a particular period of time, it prevents the DOS attacks on these ports. The ports to be used for communication are generated by cascaded pseudorandom functions and seed values are shared between client and server. This enhances the security of the port sequence generation and prevents the seed being compromised. An adaptive port hopping with synchronization using clock drifts is introduced instead of the standard port hopping technique to deal with variable clock drifts. The proposed method provides a simplified and efficient way to handle clock drifts with a minimum overhead on the system when compared to the existing models.

Published
2013
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11. The arts of India : poem

Author

Russell, Edmund, 1957-, Ghosh, Sarath Kumar, b. 1883-, and Russell, Edmund, 1957-

Published
1901

12. Selective Inhibition of PTP1B by Vitalboside A from Syzygium cumini Enhances Insulin Sensitivity and Attenuates Lipid Accumulation Via Partial Agonism to PPARγ: In Vitro and In Silico Investigation.

Author

Thiyagarajan G, Muthukumaran P, Sarath Kumar B, Muthusamy VS, and Lakshmi BS

Subjects
Adiponectin metabolism, Animals, Cell Line, Coumarins chemistry, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Isoflavones chemistry, Mice, Molecular Structure, Rats, Coumarins pharmacology, Insulin Resistance, Isoflavones pharmacology, PPAR gamma agonists, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 antagonists & inhibitors, Syzygium chemistry
Abstract

Although antidiabetic drugs show good insulin-sensitizing property for T2DM, they also exhibit undesirable side-effects. Partial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonism with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibition is considered as an alternative therapeutic approach toward the development of a safe insulin sensitizer. Bioactivity-based fractionation and purification of Syzygium cumini seeds led to the isolation and identification of bifunctional Vitalboside A, which showed antidiabetic and anti-adipogenic activities, as measured by glucose uptake in L6 and 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Nile red assay. A non-competitive allosteric inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B by Vitalboside A was observed, which was confirmed by docking studies. Inhibitor studies with wortmannin and genistein showed an IRTK- and PI3K-dependent glucose uptake. A PI3K/AKT-dependent activation of GLUT4 translocation and an inactivation of GSK3β were observed, confirming its insulin-sensitizing potential. Vitalboside A exhibited partial transactivation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ with an increase in adiponectin secretion, which was confirmed using docking analysis. Vitalboside A is a bifunctional molecule derived from edible plant showing inhibition of PTP1B and partial agonism to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ which could be a promising therapeutic agent in the management of obesity and diabetes., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S.)

Published
2016
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