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Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is the noninvasive technique of choice for early detection of cardiac involvement in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD and BMD, respectively), but is seldom used in routine clinical practice in the Indian context. We sought to determine the prevalence of CMRI abnormalities in patients with DMD and BMD and to compare the CMRI parameters with the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted on patients genetically diagnosed with DMD and BMD who could complete CMRI between March 2020 and March 2022. Abnormal CMRI was the presence of any late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) that signifies myocardial fibrosis (LGE positivity), regional wall motion abnormality, or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF

Myometrial hypertrophy and hyperplasia, which usually on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) typically reveal an enlarged uterus with ill-defined areas of low signal intensity and a diminished junctional zone, along with small foci of hyperintensity due to ectopic endometrium, are found in uterine adenomyosis. Those are caused by the presence of ectopic endometrial glands and stroma within the uterine myometrium. However, our case reports highlight the importance of recognizing atypical presentations, such as extensive mass-like hyperintense signals resembling a “Fish in a Net” and Swiss cheese pattern on T2-weighted imaging. Recognizing this pattern could aid in preventing misdiagnosis and guiding appropriate management strategies. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the same diagnosis (adenomyosis) could present a different β-human choriogonadotropin hormone (β-HCG) serum level.

Multiaxial involvement in neurological cases poses a diagnostic challenge even to the astute clinician. We present the case of a young man with multiple cranial nerve palsies, brain stem involvement, and subacutely progressive polyradiculoneuropathy. In addition, he had unexplained intractable vomiting, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. These atypical features prompted us to evaluate for a secondary or systemic cause of polyneuropathy. Evaluation with neuroimaging and bone marrow examination revealed the underlying cause to be pre-T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-T-ALL). While acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is known to cause central nervous system involvement, such extensive multiaxial involvement as the first presentation in an adult is extremely rare. In this report, we describe the diagnostic approach to such a case and review the literature.

Introduction ORAI-1 is a plasma membrane calcium release-activated calcium channel that plays a crucial role in the excitation–contraction of skeletal muscles. Loss-of-function mutations of ORAI-1 cause severe combined immunodeficiency, nonprogressive muscle hypotonia, and anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Autosomal dominant gain-of-function mutation causes Stormorken's syndrome, which includes tubular aggregate myopathy along with bleeding diathesis.

Abstract Background Data on the dynamics and persistence of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after primary vaccination with two-dose inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) are limited. This study evaluated the sequential effects of prior infection, heterologous boosting with mRNA-1273 (Moderna), and the occurrence of Omicron vaccine-breakthrough infection (VBI) thereafter. Methods We evaluated anti-spike IgG (Abbott) and neutralising (cPASS/GenScript) antibody (nAb) titers up to one year after mRNA-1273 boost in two-dose-CoronaVac-primed Indonesian healthcare workers (August 2021-August 2022). We used linear mixed modeling to estimate the rate of change in antibody levels, and logistic regression to examine associations between antibody levels and VBI. Results Of 138 participants, 52 (37.7%) had a prior infection and 78 (56.5%) received an mRNA-1273 booster. After two-dose CoronaVac, antibody titers had significantly declined within 180 days, irrespective of prior infection. After mRNA-1273 booster, anti-spike IgG (1.47% decline/day) and Omicron B.1.1.529/BA.2 nAbs declined between day 28–90, and IgG titers plateaued between day 90–360. During the BA.1/BA.2 wave (February–March 2022), 34.6% (27/78) of individuals experienced a VBI (median 181 days after mRNA-1273), although none developed severe illness. VBI was associated with low pre-VBI anti-spike IgG and B.1.1.529/BA.2 nAbs, which were restored post-VBI. Conclusions mRNA-1273 booster after two-dose CoronaVac did not prevent BA.1/BA.2 VBI. Periodic vaccine boosters may be warranted against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Abstract Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and bispecific T-cell engagers, which redirect T-cells to tumor antigens, have immensely benefitted patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell cancers. How these therapies differ in cardiotoxicity is underexplored. We used the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database, VigiBase, to compare cardiotoxicity profiles between CD19-targeted CAR-T therapy and blinatumomab (a CD19/CD3-targeted bispecific T-cell engager). Methods Safety reports in VigiBase were filtered for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, n = 17,479) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL, n = 28,803) for all adverse reactions. Data were further filtered for patients taking CAR-T therapy or blinatumomab. Reporting odds ratios (ROR) and fatality rates were compared between CAR-T cell products (e.g. tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel), and between CAR-T therapy and blinatumomab. Results Tisagenlecleucel is associated with cardiac failure (IC025 = 0.366) with fatality rates of 85.7% and 80.0% in DLBCL and pediatric ALL patients respectively. For DLBCL patients, axicabtagene ciloleucel has greater reporting for hypotension than tisagenlecleucel (ROR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.28–5.03; p = 0.012), but tisagenlecleucel has higher fatality rates for hypotension than axicabtagene ciloleucel [50.0% (tisagenlecleucel) vs 5.6% (axicabtagene ciloleucel); p

Introduction VMA21-related myopathy is one of the rare forms of slowly progressive myopathy observed in males. Till now, there have been only a handful of reports, mainly from Europe and America, and two reports from India.

Background: Delirium is highly prevalent in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and managing it in critically ill patients with severe comorbidities is challenging due to transient nature of symptoms. However its significance is underestimated, often overlooked and misdiagnosed by healthcare providers. In Nepal, limited studies has been done on delirium in medical ICUs hence this study aims to assess short-term outcome of admitted patients in delirium. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 92 patients referred from medical ICU with history of disorientation and altered sensorium, assessed during consultation liaison and meeting the criteria for delirium. Data were collected using semi-structured proforma. Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale and Delirium Rating Scale-Revised 98 were used to know the pattern and severity of delirium at day 0 and seven respectively and phone follow-up was done at three months. Data were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Hyperactive delirium (57.6%) was most common in medical ICU. Out of total patients, 63.2% improved, 23% became worse and 13.8% remain static with treatment. Mean length of hospital stay was 11.1 days. Hypoactive delirium was associated with longer hospital stay and increased mortality. Significant association was found between length of ICU stay and outcome in terms of mortality and response to treatment. Conclusions: Study underscores the prevalence of hyperactive delirium as the predominant pattern in MICU settings. However, it is crucial to highlight the significance of hypoactive delirium due to its poor treatment response and prolonged ICU stays compared to other forms. Keywords: Delirium; length of ICU stay; mortality pattern; outcome.

Abstract In the hydrodynamical description of heavy-ion collisions, the elliptic flow $${\textrm{v}}_{2}$$ v 2 and triangular flow $${\textrm{v}}_{3}$$ v 3 are sensitive to the quadrupole deformation $${\beta _{2}}$$ β 2 of the colliding nuclei. We produce $${\textrm{v}}_{2}$$ v 2 and $${\textrm{v}}_{3}$$ v 3 ratios qualitatively and quantitatively in most-central Xe–Xe collisions at 5.44 TeV. By employing HYDJET++ model, we study the sensitivity of anisotropic flow coefficients and mean transverse momentum to the quadrupole deformation and system-size in isotopic Xe–Xe collisions. Flow observables strongly depend on the strength of nucleon–nucleon scattering occurring in even-A and odd-A nuclei. Flow for odd-A nuclei is suppressed in comparison to flow in even-A collisions. There exists a linear inter-dependence between $${\textrm{p}}_{\textrm{T}}$$ p T integrated anisotropic flow and nuclear deformation. Mean transverse momentum signifies the fireball temperature in body–body and tip–tip collisions. There exists a negative linear correlation of $$\langle {\textrm{p}}_{\textrm{T}}\rangle $$ ⟨ p T ⟩ with collision system-size and a positive correlation with nuclear deformation. Flow measurements in high-energy, heavy-ion collisions using isotopic collision systems, offer a new precision tool to study nuclear structure physics. Observation of nuclear structure properties like nuclear deformation in a heavy-ion collision such as this would be very interesting.

Abstract Background Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of death, particularly in developing countries. WHO screening guidelines recommend human papilloma virus (HPV) detection as a means to identify women at risk of developing cervical cancer. While HPV testing identifies those at risk, it does not specifically distinguish individuals with neoplasia. We investigated whether a quantitative molecular test that measures methylated DNA markers could identify high-risk lesions in the cervix with accuracy. Results Marker discovery was performed in TCGA-CESC Infinium Methylation 450 K Array database and verified in three other public datasets. The panel was technically validated using Quantitative Multiplex-Methylation-Specific PCR in tissue sections (N = 252) and cervical smears (N = 244) from the USA, South Africa, and Vietnam. The gene panel consisted of FMN2, EDNRB, ZNF671, TBXT, and MOS. Cervical tissue samples from all three countries showed highly significant differential methylation in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a sensitivity of 100% [95% CI 74.12–100.00], and specificity of 91% [95% CI 62.26–99.53] to 96% [95% CI 79.01–99.78], and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) = 1.000 [95% CI 1.00–1.00] compared to benign cervical tissue, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 with sensitivity of 55% [95% CI 37.77–70.84] to 89% [95% CI 67.20–98.03], specificity of 93% [95% CI 84.07–97.38] to 96% [95% CI 79.01–99.78], and a ROC AUC ranging from 0.793 [95% CI 0.68–0.89] to 0.99 [95% CI 0.97–1.00] compared to CIN1. In cervical smears, the marker panel detected SCC with a sensitivity of 87% [95% CI 77.45–92.69], specificity 95% [95% CI 88.64–98.18], and ROC AUC = 0.925 [95% CI 0.878–0.974] compared to normal, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) at a sensitivity of 70% (95% CI 58.11–80.44), specificity of 94% (95% CI 88.30–97.40), and ROC AUC = 0.884 (95% CI 0.822–0.945) compared to low-grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)/normal in an analysis of pooled data from the three countries. Similar to HPV-positive, HPV-negative cervical carcinomas were frequently hypermethylated for these markers. Conclusions This 5-marker panel detected SCC and HSIL in cervical smears with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Molecular tests with the ability to rapidly detect high-risk HSIL will lead to timely treatment for those in need and prevent unnecessary procedures in women with low-risk lesions throughout the world. Validation of these markers in prospectively collected cervical smear cells followed by the development of a hypermethylated marker-based cervical cancer detection test is warranted.

The interplay between the gut microbiome and fermented foods has significant implications for human health and nutrition. Fermented foods, rich in beneficial microorganisms such as Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) including Lactobacillus spp., have attracted considerable research interest due to their potential probiotic effects. The six Nepalese fermented foods selected for this research—homemade yogurt, commercial yogurt, gundruk, tama, chhurpi, and achaar—are recognized for their diverse microbial profiles and purported health benefits, commonly consumed across various regions of Nepal. This study aims to elucidate their probiotic potential through tests such as acid and salt tolerance and their antimicrobial effects against five pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella spp.). A total of 120 samples of these six different fermented foods were collected from households and local markets in Chitwan District. Among 120 fermented food samples, 103 samples (85.83%) were found to be LAB positive. Out of the total sample, 64 samples (53.30%) were found to be Lactobacillus spp. positive. These positive isolates were further tested for their pH tolerance, NaCl tolerance, and antibacterial potential. Upon research, 18 isolates were found to be tolerant at pH 2, and 21 isolates were found to be tolerant at 8% NaCl concentration. The highest antibacterial effect of Lactobacillus spp. was found against Staphylococcus aureus with ZOI 18 mm and lowest against Escherichia coli. The study here contributes to the importance of utilizing the microbial diversity present in fermented foods, along with providing valuable insights for developing novel probiotic interventions for enhancing gut and overall health. Moreover, the research highlights the potential of traditional fermented foods as a valuable source of probiotic strains, paving the way for innovative approaches to improve health through diet.

Temples, integral to Hindu Dharma worship, are quintessential features of Balinese architectural tradition. Among these, Petitenget Temple stands out with its distinctive interior, adorned with ceramic plates embellishing the pelinggih (shrine). This study focuses on Petitenget Temple, where porcelain ceramic plates featuring the Wayang Kamasan motif are utilized within the Tri Angga framework, representing a novel exploration. Research related to the study of the use of porcelain ceramics as ornaments in old buildings in Bali. Previous research has been carried out but has not been studied in depth on the use of Wayang Kamasan motifs on pelinggih with the Tri Angga concept in particular. This research aims to reveal the form, meaning, and aesthetic value of porcelain ceramics with wayang kamasan motifs as ornaments on pelinggih. Using qualitative methods with a descriptive approach, data collection involved observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and data reduction flow. Meanwhile, the data source sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The findings obtained through analysis of the Wayang Kamasan motif applied to porcelain ceramic plates at Petitenget Temple, Kerobokan Badung, are the harmony of Wayang motif porcelain ceramics, as a prototype or reference for preserving the use of Wayang Kamasan motif porcelain ceramics in sacred buildings and other functions, and temple visitors can enjoy the form, meaning, and aesthetics displayed by the porcelain ceramics with Wayang Kamasan motifs installed. From this research, it can be concluded that Wayang Kamasan porcelain ceramics are accepted by the community, temple owners, or Petitenget Temple owners.

Background: Electrocardiography (ECG) remains an excellent screening tool for cardiac assessment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), but an accurate interpretation requires comparison with age-matched healthy controls. Objective: We examined various ECG parameters in children with DMD, in comparison with age-matched controls. Methods: Standard 12-lead ECG tracings of serial patients were screened for quality and selected. Controls were healthy, age-matched school-going children. Both quantitative and qualitative ECG parameters were analyzed. Results: After screening, ECGs from 252 patients with DMD (8.32 ± 3.12 years, 2–21 years) and ECGs from 151 age-matched healthy controls (9.72 ± 2.23, 4–19 years) were included. A significantly higher heart rate, shorter R–R interval, and taller R wave in V1 were seen across all age group of DMD in comparison to controls, with the difference increasing with age. While QT prolongation was seen in all age groups of DMD, QTc prolongation was seen only at 10 years or more. Incomplete right bundle branch block (RBBB) and pathological Q waves in inferolateral leads were exclusive in DMD, with the latter declining with age. Evidence for left ventricular (LV) pathology, such as tall R in V5/V6, increase in SV1 + RV6 height, and QRS complex duration, were seen only in the age group of 10 years or more. Conclusion: Stratification based on age and comparison with age-matched healthy subjects showed that several ECG parameters were influenced by age, and it also identified age-dependent evidence for LV pathology and QTc prolongation in DMD.

Tailing land reclamation aims to improve the environment so that the tailing areas become productive for crop cultivation. The research was carried out in the tailings area of Mile 21.5 Timika from March to September 2022. The research aimed to study the dosage levels of Pistia stratiotes composts as an ameliorant to support the growth and yield of chili cultivated in the fresh tailings area. This study was laid out in a randomized block design with the Pistia stratiotes compost as a treatment, which consisted of PS1 = 1 kg/plant, PS2 = 2 kg/plant, PS3 = 3 kg/plant, and PS4 = 4 kg/plant in 6 replications. Based on the results, there was a significant effect of Pistia stratiotes compost on the growth and yields of chili. PS4 treatment produced the highest growth (plant height and leaf number) and highest yields (fruit number/plant, fruit weight/plant, fruit weight/plot, fruit weight/ha), while PS1 produced the lowest growth and yields. Chili produced 4.19 t/ha by PS4, indicating a high yield potential when tailings turned into a more stable growth media over time. There was a significant correlation between plant height and leaf number with the fruit weight. This shows that the vegetative growth component is closely related to increased chili yields. The high heritability value indicates the genetic factor influenced the growth and yields of chili more than the environmental factors. The metal contents in the chili fruit tissue are below the threshold level. The findings of this study emphasized the appropriate reclamation approaches using Pistia stratiotes compost as an ameliorant, which effectively improves the quality of tailing as growing media to maximize chili yields.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance on capital structure, using good corporate governance (GCG) as a moderating variable. Design/Methods/Approach: The sample comprises companies listed on the IDX outside the financial sector that issued financial and sustainability reports between 2017 and 2021. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) index measures ESG performance, the capital structure is measured by leverage, and the moderating variable of good corporate governance is measured by independent commissioner proportion. The data are analyzed using the OLS regression technique. Findings: According to the estimation results, ESG performance positively affects the capital structure of non-financial enterprises. Furthermore, good corporate governance does not moderate the relationship between environmental, social, governance, and capital structure. Originality/Value: By focusing on ESG performance and capital structure as evaluated in emerging countries, this study adds to existing research on environmental and social performance and its impact on capital structure. Furthermore, GCG is included as a moderating variable in this study. Practical/Policy implication: Based on the findings, it is suggested that firm executives take steps to expand their ESG practices. This ensures sustainability and increases investor and creditor confidence, resulting in more efficient funding sources for the company.

Fish is one of the nine major food allergens. Avoiding consumption of fish is a common preventive measure to mitigate fish allergies. On the other hand, food processing may potentially alter the allergenicity of fish, and thus, it is important to identify the most effective fish processing methods that can reduce its allergenicity. This research aimed to characterize the nutritional value, intensity of allergens, and allergenicity from the processing of tenggiri fish processing to produce surimi as intermediate food and ready to eat (RTE) otak-otak. The processing steps consisted of washing and adding cryoprotectant during surimi processing, and using deep and air frying methods in RTE otak-otak processing. Changes in the nutritional value and intensity of allergens of fish meat and its processed products were measured using proximate analysis and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, respectively. The alterations in the allergenicity were investigated using immunoblotting and ELISA. The results revealed changes in the nutritional value due to the processing. Surimi production successfully removed a protein band of 10-–13 kDa, which is suspected to be an allergen. Additionally, both deep and air frying methods effectively removed allergenic proteins with molecular weights above 100 kDa. Immunoblotting assay showed the allergen only appeared in fish meat absent in all of the processed products. The allergenicity rates of surimi and otak-otak was reduced by 90.78 and 98.68%, respectively, as compared to the fish meat. In conclusion, the nutritional value of air-fried otak-otak is superior while the allergenicity is lower than the deep-fried ones. Therefore, air frying processing method for tenggiri fish can be potently used to produce hypoallergenic fish products.

Konsekuensi dari revolusi Industri 4.0 yang ada di Indonesia saat ini adalah digitalisasi. Era dimana teknologi digital akan berdampak pada hilangnya sebagian banyak jenis pekerjaan di dunia. Terlebih dengan munculnya pandemi Covid-19, banyak usaha-usaha yang akhirnya merugi bahkan mengakhiri kegiatan bisnisnya. Desa menjadi salah satu harapan utama dari aktivitas ekonomi namun belum memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap perkembangan dari ekonomi desa. Kehadiran lembaga Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) di desa merupakan sebuah harapan bagi masyarakat desa untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, desa-desa di Indonesia perlu mengembangkan tata kelola BUMDes agar dapat terus bersaing berbagai jenis usahanya di era ekonomi digital. Penelitian fokus pada mengeksplorasi indikator-indikator yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam melakukan tata kelola BUMDes yang merespon era revolusi industri 4.0. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deduktif dengan pengumpulan data sekunder dan analisis berupa sintesa dari literatur. Temuan dalam penelitian bahwa tata kelola BUMDes memiliki dimensi dari hulu hingga ke hilir yang meliputi (1) dimensi kebijakan, perencanaan dan kelitbangan, (2) dimensi tata kelola SDM, (3) dimensi tata kelola keuangan dan kesekretariatan, (4) dimensi tata kelola produksi, (5) dimensi tata kelola logistik dan pergudangan, dan (6) dimensi tata kelola pemasaran dan penjualan.

In this study, we have established human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line, NIMHi010-A of a 42-year-old healthy donor. The iPSC line was generated from human dermal fibroblasts using Sendai viruses carrying reprogramming factors c-MYC, SOX2, KLF4, and OCT4 under a feeder-free culture system. The generated hiPSC line expressed typical pluripotency markers, displayed a normal karyotype, and demonstrated the potential to differentiate into the three germ layers. This hiPSC line will serve as a healthy control model for physiological processes and drug screening of Asian origin from Indian population.

Abstract Sarcoglycanopathy is the most frequent form of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophies caused by mutations in SGCB gene encoding beta-sarcoglycan proteins. In this study, we describe a shared, common haplotype co-segregating in 14 sarcoglycanopathy cases from 13 unrelated families from south Indian region with the likely pathogenic homozygous mutation c.544 T > G (p.Thr182Pro) in SGCB. Haplotype was reconstructed based on 10 polymorphic markers surrounding the c.544 T > G mutation in the cases and related family members as well as 150 unrelated controls from Indian populations using PLINK1.9. We identified haplotype H1 = G, A, G, T, G, G, A, C, T, G, T at a significantly higher frequency in cases compared to related controls and unrelated control Indian population. Upon segregation analysis within the family pedigrees, H1 is observed to co-segregate with c.544 T > G in a homozygous state in all the pedigrees of cases except one indicating a probable event of founder effect. Furthermore, Identical-by-descent and inbreeding coefficient analysis revealed relatedness among 33 new pairs of seemingly unrelated individuals from sarcoglycanopathy cohort and a higher proportion of homozygous markers, thereby indicating common ancestry. Since all these patients are from the south Indian region, we suggest this region to be a primary target of mutation screening in patients diagnosed with sarcoglycanopathy.

Abstract Since their invention in the early 2000s, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have gained prominence as the most effective pathway-directed anti-cancer agents. TKIs have shown significant utility in the treatment of multiple hematological malignancies and solid tumors, including chronic myelogenous leukemia, non-small cell lung cancers, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and HER2-positive breast cancers. Given their widespread applications, an increasing frequency of TKI-induced adverse effects has been reported. Although TKIs are known to affect multiple organs in the body including the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, thyroid, blood, and skin, cardiac involvement accounts for some of the most serious complications. The most frequently reported cardiovascular side effects range from hypertension, atrial fibrillation, reduced cardiac function, and heart failure to sudden death. The potential mechanisms of these side effects are unclear, leading to critical knowledge gaps in the development of effective therapy and treatment guidelines. There are limited data to infer the best clinical approaches for the early detection and therapeutic modulation of TKI-induced side effects, and universal consensus regarding various management guidelines is yet to be reached. In this state-of-the-art review, we examine multiple pre-clinical and clinical studies and curate evidence on the pathophysiology, mechanisms, and clinical management of these adverse reactions. We expect that this review will provide researchers and allied healthcare providers with the most up-to-date information on the pathophysiology, natural history, risk stratification, and management of emerging TKI-induced side effects in cancer patients.

Abstract We present a simple and cost-effective fabrication technique for on-chip integration of pure edge contact two-terminal (2T) and Graphene field effect transistor (GFET) devices with low contact resistance and nonlinear characteristics based on single-layer chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) graphene. We use a smart print-based mask projection technique with a 10X magnification objective lens for maskless lithography followed by thermal evaporation of the contact material Cr-Pd-Au through three different angles (90° and ± 45°) using a customized inclined-angle sample-holder to control the angle during normal incidence evaporation for edge-contact to graphene. Our fabrication technique, graphene quality, and contact geometry enable pure metal contact to 2D single-layer graphene allowing electron transport through the 1D atomic edge of graphene. Our devices show some signatures of edge contact to graphene in terms of very low contact resistance of 23.5 Ω, the sheet resistance of 11.5 Ω, and sharp nonlinear voltage-current characteristics (VCC) which are highly sensitive to the bias voltage. This study may find application in future graphene-integrated chip-scale passive or active low-power electronic devices.

The first hours, days, and weeks following childbirth are critical for the well-being of both the mother and newborn. Despite this significance, the postnatal period often receives inadequate attention in terms of quality care provision. In Nepal, the utilization of postnatal care (PNC) services remains a challenging issue. Employing a facility-based concurrent triangulation mixed-method approach, this study aimed to identify factors associated with PNC service utilization, as well as its facilitators and barriers. A quantitative survey involved 243 mothers who had given birth in the six months preceding the survey, selected using a multistage sampling technique from six health facilities of two randomly selected local levels of the Pyuthan district. Weighted multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify predictors of PNC service utilization. Additionally, qualitative analysis using Braun and Clarke's six-step thematic analysis elucidated facilitators and barriers. The study revealed a weighted prevalence of PNC service utilization as per protocol at 38.43% (95% CI: 32.48-44.74). Notably, Socioeconomic status (AOR-3.84, 95% CI: 2.40-6.15), place of delivery (AOR-1.86, 95% CI: 1.16-3.00), possessing knowledge of postnatal care (AOR = 6.75, 95% CI: 3.39-13.45) and access to a motorable road (AOR = 6.30, 95% CI: 3.94-10.08) were identified as predictors of PNC service utilization. Triangulation revealed knowledge on PNC, transportation facilities, PNC home visits, and postpartum weaknesses to visit health facility as areas of convergence. Conversely, divergent areas included the proximity of health facilities and the effect of COVID-19. The study identified a low prevalence of PNC service utilization in the district. To enhance utilization, targeted interventions to increase awareness about postnatal care, appropriate revision of existing policies, addressing wider determinants of service utilization, and ensuring effective implementation of PNC home-visit programs are of utmost importance.

In this letter, we present the study of the role of octupole deformation in non-spherical nuclei in most-central Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energy regime. The sensitivity of octupole deformation β3 to the QGP observables is presented by employing Monte-Carlo HYDJET++ model. Motivated by the discrepancies in the v2-to-v3 puzzle found in Pb-Pb collisions and the low-energy nuclear structure calculations of nuclear deformation, we studied the first basic observables necessary for any study in heavy-ion collisions. Using HYDJET++ framework, we calculate the pseudorapidity distribution, transverse momentum (pT) spectra and average anisotropic flow (v2 and v3) of primary charged hadrons with different parameters in two geometrical configurations: body-body and tip-tip type of Pb-Pb collisions. The kinematic ranges 0

The low level of land productivity, uncertain climate conditions and the high intensity of disease attacks in Indonesia result in less than optimal melon production. Hydroponic cultivation techniques are carried out for controlled maintenance to obtain the desired production. This experiment was conducted to determine the types of melon varieties combined with different planting media compositions to increase the growth and yield of melons using a hydroponic drip irrigation system. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The first factor is variety (V) which consists of 3 levels, namely: V1 = Apollo, V2 = Autumn Waltz No. 2, and V3 = Alisha F1. The second factor was the composition of the planting medium (M), which consisted of 3 levels: M1 = 25% husk charcoal: 75% cocopeat, M2 = 75% husk charcoal: 25% cocopeat, and M3 = 50% husk charcoal: 50% cocopeat. The results of this experiment found that the combination of the Alisha variety and the planting medium of 75% cocopeat + 25% husk charcoal increased growth and yield with a fruit weight of 1797.33 g and a fruit diameter of 145.73 mm. The Alisha variety showed an average thickness of 44.29 mm flesh with lower water content and an average higher sugar content than other melon varieties, namely 15.78 brix.

Abstract Chlorantraniliprole belongsto theanthranilic diamide group is widely used against broad range of lepidopteron pests in a variety of vegetable and rice pests includingyellow rice stem borer and leaf folder. Supervised field trials were conducted duringRabi (2018–2019) and Kharif (2019) to evaluate the dissipation pattern and risk assessment of chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC in paddy ecosystem following foliar application at 30 and 60 g a.i. ha-1 in two different cropping seasons.Modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) technique was used for the extraction of CAP residues with acetonitrile and determined by LC–MS/MS (ESI +).The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.01 µg g−1 for paddy leaf, straw, husk, and brown rice, respectively and 0.005 µg g−1 for soil. The average recoveries obtained were 84.30–88.92% from paddy leaf, 94.25–97.81% from straw, 90.21–93.38% from husk, 93.57–96.40% from brown rice and 89.93–91.14% from soil. The residues in paddy leaf dissipated within 35–40 days with a half-life of 4.33–5.07 days in Rabi and 3.92–4.86 days in Kharif at 30 and 60 g a.i. ha−1, respectively. The residues in soil dissipated within 15–21 days with a half-life of 14.44–15.75 days in Rabi and 13.33–14.44 days in Kharif at respective doses. At harvest chlorantraniliprole residues were not detected in straw, husk, and brown rice. The dietary risk of paddy leaf (green fodder) for cattle was found safe for consumption as the hazard index is less than one. Soil ecological risk assessment was found to be less than one (RQ

Abstract Objective: To examine Hb level and anaemia status among infants under 6 months of age in rural China. Design: A cross-sectional survey collected data among infants under 6 months and their primary caregivers in Sichuan, China. Anaemia was defined using both the WHO and China Pediatrics Association thresholds. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify relevant factors among two age groups (

Hilmi Muhammad,1,2 Sofia Mubarika Haryana,2 Rahadyan Magetsari,1,2 Aryadi Kurniawan,3 Bima Baikuni,1,2 Paramita Ayu Saraswati2 1Department of Surgery, Orthopaedics and Traumatology Division, Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 2Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 3Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Hilmi Muhammad, Department of Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology Division, Sardjito General Hospital, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia, Email hilmimuhammadortho@gmail.comBackground: Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV) is a multitude of deformities involving equinus, varus, adductus, and cavus deformities. Clubfoot affects 1 in every 1000 infants born worldwide, with various incidences according to geographical areas. It has been previously hypothesized that the possible genetic role in Idiopathic CTEV (ICTEV) might have a treatment-resistant phenotype. However, the genetic involvement in recurrent ICTEV cases is yet to be determined.Aim: To systematically review existing literature regarding the discovery of genetic involvement in recurrent ICTEV to date to further understand the etiology of relapse.Methods: A comprehensive search was performed on medical databases, and the review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed on several medical databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and European PMC on May 10, 2022. We included studies reporting patients with recurring idiopathic CTEV or CTEV of unknown cause after treatment, reporting whole-genetic sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, Polymerase Chain Reaction, or Western blot analysis as methods of genetic analysis (intervention) and providing results of idiopathic CTEV genetic involvement. Non-English studies, literature reviews, and irrelevant articles were excluded. Quality and risk of bias assessments were performed using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for non-randomized studies where appropriate. The authors discussed data extracted with the primary outcome of gene(s) frequency being reported of their involvement in recurrent ICTEV cases.Results: Three pieces of literature were included in this review. Two studies analyzed the genetic involvement in CTEV occurrence, while one analyzed the protein types found.Discussion: With included studies of less than five, we could not perform other forms of analysis apart from qualitatively.Conclusion: The rarity of literature exploring the genetic etiology of recurrent ICTEV cases has been reflected in this systematic review, giving opportunities for future research.Keywords: recurrent, idiopathic CTEV, idiopathic clubfoot, genetics, clubfoot

Numerous hospital laboratories in Indonesia need to implement improved bio-risk management (BRM) systems. There are many potential biohazards in laboratory activities that can impact health and the environment, leading to laboratory incidents. To minimize the impact and occurrence of such incidents, it is necessary to evaluate the implementation of BRM in every hospital laboratory that uses biological agents. This study was conducted in eight COVID-19 reference hospitals in Indonesia in the regions of Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Java, which have committed to implementing BRM systems in their laboratory activities. This research employed a descriptive study design and quantitative methods, with the aim of analyzing and evaluating the implementation of BRM systems in laboratories by assessing the achievements and gap analysis obtained from each laboratory. This research utilized primary data in the form of checklist forms referencing ISO 35001:2019 for the laboratory BRM system. Then, the assessments were based on virtual interviews conducted by the researcher with laboratory personnel as the primary data. The evaluation conducted on gap analysis from the seven clauses in ISO 35001:2019 across all hospitals revealed large gaps, particularly in three clauses: leadership, support, and performance. However, the aspects concerning organization, improvement, and performance evaluation were relatively satisfactory. Hence, there is a need for further improvement in leadership, support, and performance evaluation clauses. Additionally, it is essential to highlight the importance of comprehensive performance assessment, including proactive audits and continuous enhancements to achieve optimal bio-risk management.

Ecotourism, a dynamic force in global tourism, holds promise for conserving the environment while ensuring benefits for local economies. In this study, we developed an ecotourism distribution map of Indonesia. We utilized location-based social networks (LSBNs) data derived from Google Maps API to map 172 ecotourism sites in Indonesia. Furthermore, we investigated the distribution patterns of ecotourism within Indonesia’s protected landscapes and ecoregions. The factors that influenced ecotourism distribution in the region were analyzed using the MaxEnt model (because of its application for presence-only data). The key findings revealed that ecotourism sites are predominantly distributed across national parks and protected forest areas, and generally consist of mountainous and hilly terrain according to the ecoregion types. The MaxEnt model results indicated that population density was the most influential factor in ecotourism distribution. The significance of our study lies in its methodologies and results, which offered novel approaches to nationwide mapping and addressed the lack of an ecotourism site map of Indonesia. Notably, the proposed model can be customized for other regions with limited ecotourism data; thus, our study can serve as a foundation for future interdisciplinary studies on ecotourism, sustainability, and landscape planning.