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Purpose: To evaluate the influence of ultrasonic activation on the physicochemical properties of setting time (ST), flow (FL), dimensional change (DC), and solubility (SL) of the cements: MTA, MTA Repair HP, and Biodentine®., Materials and Methods: Two experimental groups were formed according to the cement activation protocol: without ultrasonic activation and with ultrasonic activation. Cements were manipulated according to the manufacturers' instructions. Ultrasonic activation group was performed with an E1 insert at power 3 (24-32 kHz) for 30 s directly in the center of the cement mass. The molds for analysis of the physicochemical properties were filled out and evaluated according to specification No. 57 from ANSI/ADA. The results were analyzed using the ANOVA test (two-way), complemented by Tukey's test ( α  = 0.05). The distilled water used during the solubility test was submitted to spectrometry to verify the release of calcium ions. The morphologies of the external surface and the cross-section of the samples were analyzed by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM)., Results: For the ST, ultrasonic activation reduced the values of MTA, MTA Repair HP, and Biodentine ( P < 0.05). For the FL, ultrasonic activation did not alter the flow of MTA ( P > 0.05); however, it increased the flow MTA Repair HP and Biodentine ( P < 0.05). For the DC, the percentage values of dimensional change were higher when there was ultrasonic activation in all repair cements ( P < 0.05). For SL, there was a reduction in the percentage of the values in MTA and MTA Repair HP ( P < 0.05); however, there was no change in the values of Biodentine ( P > 0.05). Ultrasonic activation favored the release of calcium ions from all cements. The SEM analysis showed, in general, that the ultrasonic activation reduced and altered the particle shape of the cement., Conclusions: The ultrasonic activation interfered in the ST, DC, FL, ultrastructural morphology, and calcium release of the repair cements. However, it did not affect the solubility of Biodentine®., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Fredson Márcio Acris De Carvalho et al.)

Purpose: To evaluate in vitro the solubility of the Epiphany endodontic filling material Epiphany (Pentron Clinical Technologies, Wallingford, CT) prepared with its resinous solvent., Methods: The specimens were prepared in the following experimental conditions: (1) GI, epiphany without photoactivation; (2) GII, Epiphany prepared with resinous solvent without photoactivation; (3) GIII, Epiphany followed by photoactivation; and (4) GIV, Epiphany prepared with resinous solvent followed by photoactivation. Ten specimens of each group were obtained from Teflon molds with 80% reduction in volume of the specimen's dimensions based on American National Standard Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) Specification No. 57. The samples were weighted and immersed in distilled water for 7 days. After this period, they were removed, dried, and weighed again. Solubility was calculated by using samples weight loss (%). The immersion liquid was evaluated through atomic absorption spectrometry., Results: The sealers without photoactivation were statistically similar (p > 0.05) between themselves (GI = 6.93% and GII = 6.39%) and different from the uncured sealers, which were statistically different between themselves (p < 0.05) (GIII = 3.56% and GIV = 0.47%). Only the Epiphany sealer prepared with resinous solvent followed by photoactivation presented solubility values within ANSI/ADA requirements, liberating the following amounts of ions: 114.43 microg of Ca(2+)/mL, 2.4 microg of Mg(2+)/mL, 0.33 microg of Fe(2+)/mL, 0.11 microg of Zn(2+)/mL, 1.31 microg of Ni(2+)/mL, and 7.1 microg of Na(+)/mL., Conclusion: The association of resinous solvent to the Epiphany sealer followed by photoactivation resulted in a filling material with low solubility and expressive liberation of calcium ions.