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1. A methodology for combining multiple commercial data sources to improve measurement of the food and alcohol environment: applications of geographical information systems

Author

Dara D. Mendez, Jessica Duell, Sarah Reiser, Deborah Martin, Robert Gradeck, and Anthony Fabio

Subjects
food and alcohol establishments, neighbourhood, geocoding, geographical information systems, database, USA., Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

Commercial data sources have been increasingly used to measure and locate community resources. We describe a methodology for combining and comparing the differences in commercial data of the food and alcohol environment. We used commercial data from two commercial databases (InfoUSA and Dun&Bradstreet) for 2003 and 2009 to obtain infor- mation on food and alcohol establishments and developed a matching process using computer algorithms and manual review by applying ArcGIS to geocode addresses, standard industrial classification and North American industry classification tax- onomy for type of establishment and establishment name. We constructed population and area-based density measures (e.g. grocery stores) and assessed differences across data sources and used ArcGIS to map the densities. The matching process resulted in 8,705 and 7,078 unique establishments for 2003 and 2009, respectively. There were more establishments cap- tured in the combined dataset than relying on one data source alone, and the additional establishments captured ranged from 1,255 to 2,752 in 2009. The correlations for the density measures between the two data sources was highest for alcohol out- lets (r = 0.75 and 0.79 for per capita and area, respectively) and lowest for grocery stores/supermarkets (r = 0.32 for both). This process for applying geographical information systems to combine multiple commercial data sources and develop meas- ures of the food and alcohol environment captured more establishments than relying on one data source alone. This replic- able methodology was found to be useful for understanding the food and alcohol environment when local or public data are limited.

Published
2014
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2. Influence of temperature and high-pressure on the adsorption behavior of scCO2 on MCM-41 and SBA-15

Author

Michael Türk and Sarah Reiser

Subjects
Materials science, Precipitation (chemistry), General Chemical Engineering, Substrate (chemistry), Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Supercritical fluid, 0104 chemical sciences, symbols.namesake, Gibbs isotherm, Adsorption, Clausius–Clapeyron relation, MCM-41, symbols, Molecule, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Actually there is a growing interest in various so-called adsorption precipitation processes. Thereby, an organic molecule is dissolved in supercritical CO2, followed by the adsorption of the molecule onto a substrate (e.g. MCM-41, SBA-15) and subsequent solute precipitation due to pressure decrease. For the design of such processes it is essential to understand the complex nature of the multicomponent adsorption behavior. Thus as a first step, there is a need for studying the adsorption behavior of the particular CO2-substrate system at the respective process conditions. Due to a lack of experimental data adsorption isotherms of CO2 on MCM-41 and SBA-15 were measured at temperatures from T = 298 to 353 K and pressures up to p = 25 MPa. Based on these results, the absolute amount adsorbed was calculated from the surface excess amount. Finally, the isosteric heat of adsorption for CO2 was calculated by using the Clausius - Clapeyron equation.

Published
2019
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3. CO2 assisted deposition of R/S-ibuprofen on different porous carrier materials: Influence of carrier properties on loading and dissolution behavior

Author

Alfred P. Weber, Michael Türk, Masoom Shaban, and Sarah Reiser

Subjects
Materials science, Capillary condensation, Process Chemistry and Technology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Adsorption, Chemical engineering, Desorption, Specific surface area, Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), 0210 nano-technology, Mesoporous material, Porosity, Waste Management and Disposal, Dissolution, Particle deposition
Abstract

With regard to bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs a big goal in research is to improve their dissolution behavior in the gastrointestinal tract. One suitable way to enhance the bioavailability is the use of drug loaded carrier materials. However, the effect of carrier properties such as specific surface area, pore size and pore volume on the dissolution of drugs is not well known yet. To investigate this, carrier materials with defined properties were produced by Salt Assisted Spray Pyrolysis (SASP) and loaded with racemic ibuprofen by the Controlled Particle Deposition (CPD) process. Their loadings and dissolution rates were compared to those of MCM-41 and SBA-15. It was found that the ibuprofen loading on the SASP carrier materials is lower due to their smaller specific surface areas, whereas their dissolution rates were higher in comparison to CPD processed MCM-41 and SBA-15. Furthermore, it was observed that pore size and pore volume influence the loading capacity of carrier materials. Wider mesopores lead to multilayer formation where crystalline ibuprofen structures were detected by XRD analysis. N2-adsorption/desorption experiments at T = 77 K on the CPD processed carriers lead to the assumption that the small mesopores of MCM-41 or SBA-15 were occupied by ibuprofen due to the shift of the typical capillary condensation step at p/p0 = 0.3–0.4 (untreated material) towards lower relative pressures of the CPD processed carriers.

Published
2018
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4. Influence of chemical nature of carrier materials on the dissolution behavior of racemic ibuprofen

Author

Miaotian Sun, Monika Johannsen, Michael Türk, and Sarah Reiser

Subjects
Aqueous solution, Chromatography, Chemistry, organic chemicals, General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Ibuprofen, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Bioavailability, Aqueous solubility, medicine, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Dissolution, Particle deposition, Nuclear chemistry, medicine.drug
Abstract

The poor aqueous solubility of ibuprofen due to its hydrophobicity limits the bioavailability of the drug in the aqueous environment of the human body. Therefore particle deposition experiments were performed with ibuprofen and different carrier materials. Furthermore, the dissolution behavior of the untreated ibuprofen and the ibuprofen loaded carriers has been investigated at 310 K and pH = 2.0 and pH = 5.5. The results of this investigation demonstrate that drug loadings up to 50 wt% drug onto silica materials could be achieved and that the drug loading increases nearly linear with increasing surface area of the silica materials. Furthermore, the study reveals that the highest dissolution rate was obtained with β-cyclodextrin and that the dissolution rate of all materials investigated increases with increasing pHvalue.

Published
2018
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5. Wärmeübertrager auf der ACHEMA 2018

Author

Sarah Reiser

Subjects
Materials science, 010405 organic chemistry, business.industry, Process (engineering), General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 0104 chemical sciences, 020401 chemical engineering, Heat transfer, Heat exchanger, 0204 chemical engineering, Process engineering, business
Published
2018
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6. SYNTAX Score and Long-Term Outcomes

Author

Fumiaki Ikeno, Maria Mori Brooks, Kaori Nakagawa, Min-Kyu Kim, Hideaki Kaneda, Yoshiaki Mitsutake, Helen A. Vlachos, Leonard Schwartz, Robert L. Frye, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Katsuhisa Waseda, Mark A. Hlatky, Katherine M. Detre, Trevor J. Orchard, Stephen B. Thomas, Kim Sutton Tyrrell, Jamal S. Rana, Frani Averbach, Joan M. MacGregor, Scott M. O’Neal, Kathleen Pitluga, Veronica Sansing, Mary Tranchine, Sharon W. Crow, Marianne (Marnie) Bertolet, Regina Hardison, Kevin Kip, Manuel Lombardero, Jiang Lu, Sue Janiszewski, Darina Protivnak, Sarah Reiser, Stephen Barton, Ping Guo, Yulia Kushner, Owen Michael, Jeffrey P. Martin, Christopher Kania, Michael Kania, Jeffrey O’Donnell, Rae Ann Maxwell, Suzanne Goldberg, Yves Rosenberg, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Abby Ershow, David Gordon, Dina Paltoo, Teresa L.Z. Jones, Whady Hueb, José Ramires, Neuza Lopes, Bernardo Léo Wajchenberg, Eulogio E. Martinez, Sergio A. Oliveira, Expedito E. Ribeiro, Marcos Perin, Roberto Betti, George Steiner, Alan Barolet, Yolanda Groenewoud, Lisa Mighton, Kathy Camelon, Robert O’Rourke, Janet Blodgett, Edward Sako, Judith Nicastro, Robin Prescott, Charanjit Rihal, Frank Kennedy, Gregory Barsness, Amanda Basu, Alfredo Clavell, Robert Frye, David R. Holmes, Amir Lerman, Charles Mullaney, Guy Reeder, Robert Rizza, Hartzell Schaff, Steven Smith, Virend Somers, Thoralf Sundt, Henry Ting, R. Scott Wright, Pam Helgemoe, Diane Lesmeister, Deborah Rolbiecki, Luis Lepe-Montoya, Jorge Escobedo, Rafael Barraza, Rubén Baleón, Arturo Campos, Paula García, Carlos Lezama, Carlos Miramontes, Salvador Ocampo, Joaquín V. Peñafiel, Aquiles Valdespino, Raúl Verdín, Héctor Albarrán, Fernando Ayala, Eduardo Chávez, Héctor Murillo, Luisa Virginia Buitrón, Beatriz Rico-Verdin, Fabiola Angulo, Dale Adler, Austin Arthur Halle, Faramarz Ismail-Beigi, Suvinay Paranjape, Stacey Mazzurco, Karen Ridley, Kodangudi Ramanathan, Solomon Solomon, Barry Wall, Darryl Weinman, Tammy Touchstone, Lillie Douglas, Martial Bourassa, Jean-Claude Tardif, Jean-Louis Chiasson, Marc Andre Lavoie, Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret, Hélène Langelier, Suzy Foucher, Johanne Trudel, Scott Monrad, Vankeepuram Srinivas, Joel Zonszein, Jill Crandall, Helena Duffy, Eugen Vartolomei, Spencer King, Carl Jacobs, David Robertson, Marty Porter, Melanie Eley, Emmalee Nichols, Jennifer LaCorte, Melinda Mock, William Rogers, Fernando Ovalle, David Bell, Vijay K. Misra, William B. Hillegass, Raed Aqel, Penny Pierce, Melanie Smith, Leah Saag, Ashley Vaughn, Dwight Smith, Tiffany Grimes, Susan Rolli, Roberta Hill, Beth Dean Barrett, Clarinda Morehead, Ken Doss, Charles J. Davidson, Mark Molitch, Nirat Beohar, Elaine Massaro, Lynne Goodreau, Fabiola Arroyo, Petr Neužil, Lenka Pavlickova, Štĕpánka Stehlíková, Jaroslav Benedik, Liz Coling, Richard Davies, Christopher Glover, Michel LeMay, Thierry Mesana, Teik Chye Ooi, Mark Silverman, Alexander Sorisky, Colette Favreau, Susan McClinton, Melvin Weiss, Irene Weiss, Leo Saulle, Harichandra Kannam, Joanne C. Kurylas, Lorraine Vasi, John Douglas, Ziyad Ghazzal, Laurence Sperling, Priya Dayamani, Suzanne Gebhart, Sabreena Basu, Tarek Helmy, Vin Tangpricha, Pamela Hyde, Margaret Jenkins, Barbara P. Grant, Kenneth Kent, William Suddath, Michelle Magee, Patricia Julien-Williams, Vida Reed, Carine Nassar, Gilles Dagenais, Claude Garceau, Dominique Auger, Christopher Buller, Tom Elliott, Krishnan Ramanathan, Donald Ricci, Rebecca Fox, Daniela Kolesniak, Michael Attubato, Frederick Feit, Stephen Richardson, Ivan Pena Sing, James Slater, Angela Amendola, Bernardo Vargas, Nicholas Tsapatsaris, Bartholomew Woods, Gary Cushing, Martin Rutter, Premranjan Singh, Gail DesRochers, Gail Woodhead, Deborah Gannon, Nancy Shinopulos Campbell, Michael Ragosta, Ian Sarembock, Eric Powers, Eugene Barrett, Linda Jahn, Karen Murie, Gladwin Das, Gardar Sigurdsson, Carl White, John Bantle, J. Bruce Redmon, Christine Kwong, Jacqueline Tamis-Holland, Jeanine Albu, Judith S. Hochman, James Wilentz, Sylvaine Frances, Deborah Tormey, Carl Pepine, Karen Smith, Laurence Kennedy, Karen Brezner, Tempa Curry, Frank Bleyer, Stewart Albert, Arshag Mooradian, Sharon Plummer, Francisco Fuentes, Roberto Robles, Victor Lavis, Jaime Gomez, Cesar Iliescu, Carol Underwood, Maria Selin Fulton, Julie Gomez Ramirez, Jennifer Merta, Glenna Scott, Ashok Krishnaswami, Lynn Dowdell, Sarah Berkheimer, Adam Greenbaum, Fred Whitehouse, Raquel Pangilinan, Kelly Mann, Alice K. Jacobs, Elliot Sternthal, Susana Ebner, Zoran Nedeljkovic, Paula Beardsley, David Schneider, Richard Pratley, William Cefalu, Joel Schnure, Michaelanne Rowen, Linda Tilton, Alan Niederman, Cristina Mata, Terri Kellerman, John Farmer, Alan J. Garber, Neal Kleiman, Nancy Howard, Debra Nichols, Madonna Pool, Christopher Granger, Mark Feinglos, George Adams, Jennifer Green, Bernadette Druken, Dani Underwood, J. Lawrence Stafford, Thomas Donner, Warren Laskey, Dana Beach, John Lopez, Andrew Davis, David Faxon, Sirimon Reutrakul, Emily Bayer, Oscar Marroquin, Howard Cohen, Mary Korytkowski, Glory Koerbel, Lisa Baxendell, Debbie Rosenfelder, Louise DeRiso, Carole Farrell, Tina Vita, Janet McGill, Ronald Krone, Richard Bach, Carol Recklein, Kristin M. Luepke, Mary Jane Clifton, Michael E. Farkouh, Michael C. Kim, Donald A. Smith, Ida Guzman, Arlene Travis, James O’Keefe, Alan Forker, William Isley, Richard Moe, Paul Kennedy, Margaret Rosson, Aimee Long, Eric Bates, William Herman, Rodica Pop-Busui, Claire Duvernoy, Martin Stevens, Ann Luciano, Cheryl Majors, Sheldon H. Gottlieb, Annabelle Rodriguez, Melanie Herr, David Williams, Robert J. Smith, J. Dawn Abbott, Marc J. Laufgraben, Mary Grogan, Janice Muratori, Gabriel Habib, Marco Marcelli, Issam Mikati, Emilia Cordero, Gina Caldwell, David Schechter, Daniel Lorber, Phyllis August, Maisie Brown, Patricia Depree, Kurt Huber, Ursula Hanusch-Enserer, Nelly Jordanova, Dilek Cilesiz, Birgit Vogel, Ben McCallister, Michael Kleerekoper, Kelly Mandagere, Robert Urbanic, James Bengston, Bobby K. Kong, Andrew Pruitt, Jeffrey Sanfield, Carol Carulli, Ruth Churley-Strom, Raymond Magorien, Kwame Osei, Cecilia Casey Boyer, Richard Lee, Pasquale Palumbo, Joyce Wisbey, Edwin Alderman, Anne Schwarzkopf Michael Steffes, Maren Nowicki, Jean Bucksa, Bernard Chaitman, Jane Eckstein, Karen Stocke, Derek B. Boothroyd, Kathryn A. Melsop, Burton E. Sobel, Dagnija Neimane, Ami E. Iskandrian, Mary Beth Schaaf, Saul Genuth, Theresa Bongarno, Richard Nesto, Karen Hultberg, Helene Rosenhouse-Romeo, Georgia Pambianco, Michael Mock, Sheryl Kelsey, Trevor Orchard, Thomas Ryan, Harold Lebovitz, Robert Brown, Gottlieb Friesinger, Edward Horton, Jay Mason, Renu Virmani, Lawrence Wechsler, C. Noel Bairey-Merz, J. Ward Kennedy, Elliott Antman, John Colwell, Sarah Fowler, Curt Furberg, Lee Goldman, Bruce Jennings, and Scott Rankin

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Hazard ratio, Percutaneous coronary intervention, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Revascularization, humanities, Cardiac surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Angioplasty, Conventional PCI, medicine, Cardiology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke
Abstract

Background The extent of coronary disease affects clinical outcomes and may predict the effectiveness of coronary revascularization with either coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The SYNTAX (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score quantifies the extent of coronary disease. Objectives This study sought to determine whether SYNTAX scores predicted outcomes and the effectiveness of coronary revascularization compared with medical therapy in the BARI-2D (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes) trial. Methods Baseline SYNTAX scores were retrospectively calculated for BARI-2D patients without prior revascularization (N = 1,550) by angiographic laboratory investigators masked to patient characteristics and outcomes. The primary outcome was major cardiovascular events (a composite of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) over 5 years. Results A mid/high SYNTAX score (≥23) was associated with a higher risk of major cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 1.36, confidence interval: 1.07 to 1.75, p = 0.01). Patients in the CABG stratum had significantly higher SYNTAX scores: 36% had mid/high SYNTAX scores compared with 13% in the PCI stratum (p Conclusions Among patients with diabetes and stable ischemic heart disease, higher SYNTAX scores predict higher rates of major cardiovascular events and were associated with more favorable outcomes of revascularization compared with medical therapy among patients suitable for CABG. (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation in Type 2 Diabetes; NCT00006305)

Published
2017
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8. Adsorption of N2and CO2on Activated Carbon, AlO(OH) Nanoparticles, and AlO(OH) Hollow Spheres

Author

Sarah Reiser, Dennis Bolten, Reiner Staudt, and Michael Türk

Subjects
Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Inorganic chemistry, Nanoparticle, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Nitrogen adsorption, Nitrogen, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adsorption, Carbon dioxide, medicine, SPHERES, Activated carbon, medicine.drug
Published
2015
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9. Sex, Prescribing Practices and Guideline Recommended, Blood Pressure, and LDL Cholesterol Targets at Baseline in the BARI 2D Trial

Author

Sirimon Reutrakul, Penny Pierce, Sarah Berkheimer, J. Lawrence Stafford, Sue Janiszewski, Harold E. Lebovitz, Diane Lesmeister, Deborah Rolbiecki, Mark E. Molitch, William O. Suddath, Susan McClinton, Frank P. Kennedy, Helene Rosenhouse-Romeo, Vin Tangpricha, Karen Stocke, Sharon Plummer, Michael Ragosta, Jeffrey Sanfield, Stacey Mazzurco, Austin Arthur Halle, Marc J. Laufgraben, Terri Kellerman, Carlos Lezama, Expedito E. Ribeiro, Tempa Curry, Michael J. Attubato, David R. Holmes, Rafael Barraza, Paula García, Johanne Trudel, Michael B. Mock, Melvin B. Weiss, Jennifer LaCorte, Thomas J. Ryan, Mary Tranchine, Richard Moe, Saul Genuth, Linda Tilton, Lawrence Wechsler, Jean M. Bucksa, Hartzell V. Schaff, Barry M. Wall, Maria M. Brooks, Ida Guzman, Eric R. Bates, Nicholas P. Tsapatsaris, Robert Brown, Sheldon H. Gottlieb, Yves Rosenberg, William B. Hillegass, Fred W. Whitehouse, Jean Louis Chiasson, Ashok Krishnaswami, Claude Garceau, Laurence S. Sperling, L. Z Jones Teresa, Abby G. Ershow, Scott Monrad, Jean-Claude Tardif, Emilia Cordero, Scott M. O'Neal, Leah Saag, Thomas Donner, Marianne Bertolet, Scott Rankin, Irene Weiss, Elliot Sternthal, Dana Beach, Judith S. Hochman, Kevin E. Kip, Andrew L. Pruitt, Rebecca Fox, David S.H. Bell, Melanie Eley, Ian J. Sarembock, Vera Bittner, Derek B. Boothroyd, Richard E. Pratley, Annabelle Rodriguez, Robert A. O'Rourke, Michael Kleerekoper, Gail DesRochers, Trevor Orchard, Dilek Cilesiz, Thoralf M. Sundt, Cesar Iliescu, Lee Goldman, Eric R. Powers, Donald A. Smith, Jeffrey P. Martin, Carl J. Pepine, Gabriel B. Habib, Daniel L. Lorber, Marcos Perin, Paula Beardsley, Kathryn Melsop, Frank Bleyer, Melanie Herr, David Robertson, Gladwin S. Das, Phyllis August, Alan D. Forker, Alan J. Garber, Madonna Pool, Suzy Foucher, Joyce Wisbey, Susana Ebner, Eugene J. Barrett, Christopher Glover, Nancy Shinopulos Campbell, Veronica V. Sansing, Kim Sutton Tyrrell, Elliott M. Antman, Suvinay Paranjape, Katherine M. Detre, Jill P. Crandall, Michaelanne Rowen, Dwight Smith, Bernardo Léo Wajchenberg, Cecilia Casey Boyer, Roberta Hill, José Antonio Franchini Ramires, Hélène Langelier, Tina Vita, Renu Virmani, Lynne Goodreau, Jennifer Merta, David Gordon, Luis Lepe-Montoya, Angela Amendola, Jennifer B. Green, Cristina Mata, Edwin L. Alderman, Andrew M. Davis, Gary W. Cushing, Carol Underwood, Gottlieb Friesinger, Beatriz Rico-Verdin, Eulógio E. Martinez, Pam Helgemoe, Richard W. Lee, Hé Albarrán, Gail Woodhead, Melanie Smith, Victor Lavis, Harichandra Kannam, Gardar Sigurdsson, Sabreena Basu, Debbie Rosenfelder, Patricia Julien-Williams, Mark A. Hlatky, Raquel Pangilinan, Alan Barolet, Yolanda Groenewoud, Lisa Baxendell, Jeanine Albu, William H. Herman, Sharon Crow, Carole Farrell, Dawn J. Bbott, Vida Reed, Steven A. Smith, Solomon S. Solomon, Rae Ann Maxwell, Michel LeMay, Anne Schwarzkopf, Frani Averbach, Martial G. Bourassa, Lynn Dowdell, Adam Greenbaum, John P. Bantle, Edward Y. Sako, John Colwell, Paul Kennedy, Karen Brezner, David O. Williams, Clarinda Morehead, Louise DeRiso, Neal S. Kleiman, Linda A. Jahn, James Bengston, Vankeepuram S. Srinivas, Michael Kania, Petr Neužil, Ziyad M.B. Ghazzal, Zoran S. Nedeljkovic, Nirat Beohar, Whady Hueb, Thierry G. Mesana, Emmalee Nichols, Jamal S. Rana, Jaroslav Benedik, Roberto Robles, Curt D. Furberg, Joel Zonszein, Melinda Mock, Dagnija Neimane, Henry Ting, Michelle F. Magee, Birgit Vogel, Arlene Travis, Robert J. Smith, Spencer B. King, Cheryl Majors, Alfredo L. Clavell, Joel J. Schnure, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Stewart G. Albert, Dominique Auger, Raúl Verdín, Suzanne Goldberg, Kwame Osei, Bruce Jennings, Ivan R. Pena Sing, Suzanne Gebhart, Carol Recklein, R. Scott Wright, Marty H. Porter, Carl W. White, Jay W. Mason, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Dina N. Paltoo, Marco Marcelli, Neuza Lopes, Elaine Massaro, Theresa Bongarno, William Isley, Robert Urbanic, Roberto T. B. Betti, Glory Koerbel, Judith Nicastro, Pamela Hyde, Christine A. Kwong, Darina Protivnak, Guy S. Reeder, George L. Adams, Tiffany Grimes, Carol Carulli, Salvador Ocampo, Sarah Fowler, Fumiaki Ikeno, Robert L. Frye, Bernard R. Chaitman, Stephen B. Richardson, Arshag D. Mooradian, Robin Prescott, Leonard Schwartz, Helena Duffy, Janet C. Blodgett, Issam Mikati, Ward J. Ennedy, Arturo Campos, Mary Jane Clifton, Mary Beth Schaaf, Debra Nichols, Christopher B. Granger, Maren Nowicki, Stephen Barton, George Steiner, Kelly Mandagere, Luisa Virginia Buitrón, Aimee Long, Janice Muratori, Joan M. MacGregor, Tammy Touchstone, Michael E. Farkouh, Ashley Vaughn, Pasquale Palumbo, John J. Lopez, Carlos Miramontes, Charanjit S. Rihal, C. Noel Bairey-Merz, Mark Silverman, Patricia Depree, Kathleen Pitluga, Martin J. Stevens, Bobby Kong, John S. Douglas, Eduardo Chávez, Yulia Kushner, Leo Saulle, Christopher Kania, Jacqueline E. Tamis-Holland, Donald R. Ricci, Amir Lerman, Emily Bayer, William J. Rogers, Charles Mullaney, Mary Grogan, Jiang Lu, Warren K. Laskey, James R. Wilentz, Karen Ridley, Laurence Kennedy, Dale Adler, Fabiola Arroyo, Eugen Vartolomei, Kristin M. Luepke, Dani Underwood, Lenka Pavlíɥková, Barbara P. Grant, Sylvaine Frances, Colette Favreau, Jane Eckstein, Rodica Pop-Busui, Georgia Pambianco, Kathy Camelon, Liz Coling, Virend K. Somers, Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret, Daniela Kolesniak, Darryl Weinman, Fernando Ayala, Christopher E. Buller, Charles J. Davidson, Martin K. Rutter, Tom Elliott, Susan Rolli, Jeffrey O'Donnell, Ann Luciano, James O'Keefe, Gregory W. Barsness, Regina M. Hardison, Maisie Brown, Kelly Mann, Krishnan Ramanathan, Kenneth M. Kent, David J. Schneider, Alice K. Jacobs, Bernadette Druken, Julie Gomez Ramirez, Gina Caldwell, David Chechter, Bartholomew O'b. Woods, Michael C. Kim, Howard A. Cohen, William T. Cefalu, Lisa Mighton, Michael W. Steffes, Trevor J. Orchard, Lorraine Vasi, Amanda Basu, Robert A. Rizza, Bruce Redmon, Glenna Scott, John A. Farmer, Lillie Douglas, Fernando Ovalle, Margaret Jenkins, Frederick Feit, Joaquí Peñafiel, Alexander Sorisky, Ronald J. Krone, Ken Doss, Oscar C. Marroquin, Janet B. McGill, Hé Murillo, Mary T. Korytkowski, David P. Faxon, Tarek Helmy, Manuel Lombardero, Fabiola Angulo, Ping Guo, Nelly Jordanova, Mark N. Feinglos, Sérgio Almeida de Oliveira, Burton E. Sobel, Ben D. McCallister, Premranjan P. Singh, Richard W. Nesto, Aquiles Valdespino, Teresa L.Z. Jones, Stephen B. Thomas, Francisco Fuentes, Marc Andre Lavoie, Karen Hultberg, Gilles R. Dagenais, Beth Dean Barrett, Ruth Churley-Strom, Karen Murie, Alan Niederman, Kodangudi B. Ramanathan, Nancy Howard, Raymond D. Magorien, Maria Selin Fulton, Priya Dayamani, Sarah Reiser, Edward Horton, Deborah Tormey, Karen M. Smith, Rubén Baleón, Joanne C. Kurylas, Jorge Escobedo, Bernardo Vargas, Richard G. Bach, Vijay K. Misra, Faramarz Ismail-Beigi, Kurt Huber, Ursula Hanusch-Enserer, Carine Nassar, Richard F. Davies, James Slater, Teik Chye Ooi, Claire S. Duvernoy, Štěpánka Stehlíková, Deborah Gannon, Margaret Rosson, Carl Jacobs, Jaime Gomez, Raed A. Aqel, and Ami E. Iskandrian

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:RC648-665, Article Subject, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Guideline, Pharmacology, medicine.disease, lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, 3. Good health, Metformin, Coronary artery disease, Endocrinology, Pharmacotherapy, Blood pressure, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, Clinical Study, Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background.Research has shown less aggressive treatment and poorer control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in women than men.Methods.We analyzed sex differences in pharmacotherapy strategies and attainment of goals for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes and established coronary artery disease enrolled into the BARI 2D trial.Results.Similar numbers of drugs were prescribed in both women and men. Women were less frequent on metformin or sulfonylurea and more likely to take insulin and to be on higher doses of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) than men. After adjusting for baseline differences and treatment prescribed, women were less likely to achieve goals for HbA1c (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.57, 0.88) and LDL-C (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.53, 0.78). More antihypertensives were prescribed to women, and yet BP ≤ 130/80 mmHg did not differ by sex.Conclusions.Women entering the BARI 2D trial were as aggressively treated with drugs as men. Despite equivalent treatment, women less frequently met targets for HbA1c and LDL-C. Our findings suggest that there may be sex differences in response to drug therapies used to treat diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.

Published
2015

10. A methodology for combining multiple commercial data sources to improve measurement of the food and alcohol environment: applications of geographical information systems

Author

Anthony Fabio, Dara D. Mendez, Sarah Reiser, Robert Gradeck, Jessica Duell, and Deborah Martin

Subjects
Matching (statistics), Health (social science), Databases, Factual, Computer science, Geography, Planning and Development, Population, lcsh:G1-922, Medicine (miscellaneous), Information Storage and Retrieval, food and alcohol establishments, neighbourhood, geocoding, geographical information systems, database, USA, computer.software_genre, Residence Characteristics, Per capita, Information system, Humans, education, Population Density, education.field_of_study, Industry classification, Measure (data warehouse), Database, Standard Industrial Classification, Health Policy, Alcoholic Beverages, Commerce, United States, Geocoding, Geographic Information Systems, Food Technology, Data mining, computer, lcsh:Geography (General)
Abstract

Commercial data sources have been increasingly used to measure and locate community resources. We describe a methodology for combining and comparing the differences in commercial data of the food and alcohol environment. We used commercial data from two commercial databases (InfoUSA and Dun&Bradstreet) for 2003 and 2009 to obtain infor- mation on food and alcohol establishments and developed a matching process using computer algorithms and manual review by applying ArcGIS to geocode addresses, standard industrial classification and North American industry classification tax- onomy for type of establishment and establishment name. We constructed population and area-based density measures (e.g. grocery stores) and assessed differences across data sources and used ArcGIS to map the densities. The matching process resulted in 8,705 and 7,078 unique establishments for 2003 and 2009, respectively. There were more establishments cap- tured in the combined dataset than relying on one data source alone, and the additional establishments captured ranged from 1,255 to 2,752 in 2009. The correlations for the density measures between the two data sources was highest for alcohol out- lets (r = 0.75 and 0.79 for per capita and area, respectively) and lowest for grocery stores/supermarkets (r = 0.32 for both). This process for applying geographical information systems to combine multiple commercial data sources and develop meas- ures of the food and alcohol environment captured more establishments than relying on one data source alone. This replic- able methodology was found to be useful for understanding the food and alcohol environment when local or public data are limited.

Published
2014

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