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Introduction: Dementia presents a major challenge for health care systems with aging populations. Over 46 million people live with dementia worldwide and is estimated to increase to 131.5 million by 2050.[1] Diagnosis is important as it allows people with dementia (PWD) to get treatment, care and support to help them manage their condition. However, during the early stages of dementia much of the care occurs at home carried out by an informal/non-professional carer. There is a growing need for an evidence-based approach to home support for people with dementia and their carers.Methods: Sixty volunteers will be randomised into two groups with a 2:1 intervention to control allocation ratio. The app developed by Memory Lane Games, will present images with associated questions in the form of a quiz. The non-personalised app will have 12 games based on general topics, such as geographic locations or food, which cannot be altered. The personalised app will allow the PWD to upload their own images and search the app database for games of their choice. All participants will be asked to use the app at least once a week for six months. Quality of life (QoL) and communication will be assessed at baseline, week 13 and week 26. Semi-structured interviews will be administered at week 13 and week 26.Results: The app emulates key features of reminiscence and distraction therapy, both of which have been shown to improve communication between the PWD and their carer, as well as improve their QoL.[2] Therefore the hypothesis is that engagement with the personalised content may lead to an improvement in QoL for both PWD and their carer, and also facilitate communication.We aim to have the interim (week 13) results by the time of the International Conference on Integrated Care 2022.Conclusions: By increasing face-to-face engagement between the PWD and their carer via the app, there may be a positive benefit to the PWD and/or their carers.Implications for applicability/transferability, sustainability and limitations: This randomised control trial (RCT) will test the feasibility of future studies and examine the direction of effect on QoL and communication. If the results are promising, the app has scope to be distributed across the world. It may also have the potential to be tailored towards neurodivergent people, such as people diagnosed with autism.As the app is digital, it requires access to an electronic device able to run the app, as well as internet connection. Some people may not be able to afford a device and/or may not have internet access. References1. Prince M, Wimo A, Guerchet M, Ali GC, Wu YT, Prina M. World Alzheimer Report 2015: The global impact of dementia: an analysis of prevalence, incidence, cost and trends. United Kingdom: Alzheimer’s Disease International; 2015. [cited 2021 18 Nov]. Available from: https://www.alz.co.uk/research/WorldAlzheimerReport2015.pdf2. Cotelli M, Manenti R, Zanetti O. Reminiscence therapy in dementia: A review. Maturitas 2012;72(3):203-205. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.04.008

Background Financial incentive is increasingly used as a mean to promote preventive care utilization (PCU), but the current Elderly Health Care Voucher Scheme (EHCVS) in Hong Kong is ineffective for encouraging PCU. Objective To explore the older people's barriers to PCU and their views on financial incentive, including EHCVS, for improving private PCU. Design and setting Focus-group discussions were conducted in community elderly centres located in five districts of Hong Kong. Participants Community-dwelling older people aged 60 years or above. Results Lack of understanding about preventive care and low awareness of the need for preventive care were key factors for the low motivation for PCU. Uncertainty over the level of service fee charged and concerns over service quality hindered the choice of using the private service providers under the current EHCVS. Financial incentives specific for preventive care services were thought to be cues to actions and guides for service promotion. However, some flexibility in service coverage and a set time limit of the financial incentives were preferred to accommodate individual needs. Conclusions Apart from promoting knowledge of preventive care, official monitoring for service fee and quality is important for empowering older people to choose private service providers for preventive care. Financial incentives for preventive care services should be more specific to cue service promotion and uptake of preventive care while maintaining flexibility to accommodate individual needs. Patient or public contribution Participants were recruited using purposive sampling with the coordination of community elderly centres. Data were analysed using thematic coding.

The present study produces a model of insight, as generated by a grounded theory analysis of interviews with individuals who have reported experiencing life-altering insights. This model describes the initiation, unfolding, and manifestation of the insight as well as how change ensued in the lives of participants. Commonalities in transformative insight experiences emerged in this model. The core category was "Integrating novelty: Meeting challenges to interdependence." Novel experiences challenged participants' sense of independence, prompting strong emotion, increased se1f-awareness, and the resolution to make changes in their lives and relationships.

This paper attempts to present an insight into studies of fear-inducing and positive image health education campaigns. The paper reviews existing theoretical issues relevant to the topic and examines the findings of studies that compare fear-inducing and positive image health education campaigns. Available evidence from literature highlights some of the shortcomings of fear-inducing health education campaigns and suggests the need to employ strategies which emphasise positive and attractive lifestyle images. However, there is evidence that fear-inducing advertisements could have an important role, especially in terms of influencing certain people, and in certain health-related communications. Finally, it is concluded that a) there is a great deal of potential to develop comparative studies to find what type of images would work best, and b) there is a need to understand more of the process behind the effect of positive and negative appeals.

A quantitative study was conducted to investigate how a survey population responds to different approaches to health education.The main study objective was to compare the survey population's views on two TV advertisements about smoking—a positive image called Puppet and a fear-inducing one called Hospital—produced by the Health Education Board for Scotland (HEBS).Overall, 394 subjects in three different age groups, i.e. 10–14, 16–19 and 40–49, were interviewed by means of a short structured questionnaire containing 18 questions. The distribution of questionnaires and interviews took place in the City of Glasgow among a sample of junior high school students, university students and workplace staff. The study findings showed that both fear-inducing and positive image campaigns achieved the same attention. Overall, recall rates for both were 74 per cent. For all participants, the fear-inducing campaign compared with positive image was preferred—52 per cent versus 16 per cent. This was even true among...

Two pilot projects were carried out as the first steps in a project to investigate how the population responds to different approaches to health education/promotion.Overall 51 subjects were interviewed after one exposure to two pictures. The pictures were taken from positive image and fear-inducing TV adverts about smoking. The results show the recall rates in both pilot projects were very high—88% and 78% respectively.Sixty-two percent in the first pilot project and 55% in the second one claimed that they preferred the fear-inducing advert to the positive image advert. Reasons included realism and a clear message. Both smokers and non-smokers believed that the fear inducing advert is likely to have more influence in stopping people smoking. Due to the small sample size in the pilot studies we cannot come to a firm conclusion, but it is possible to say fear-inducing adverts sometimes may work. This finding differs from recent literature claiming that fear-inducing adverts do not work. To confirm t...