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7. Incidence and Pattern of Neuro-Ophthalmological Disorders Presenting to Vitreoretinal Clinics in Bhutan: A 3-Year National Study

Author

Rai,Bhim B, Sarac,Ozge, van Kleef,Joshua P, Maddess,Ted, Rai,Bhim B, Sarac,Ozge, van Kleef,Joshua P, and Maddess,Ted

Abstract

Bhim B Rai,1,2 Ozge Sarac,3,4 Joshua P van Kleef,1 Ted Maddess1 1John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, AYBU Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; 4Wills Eye Hospital Neuro-Ophthalmology Department, Philadelphia, PA, USACorrespondence: Bhim B Rai, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, 131 Garran Road, Acton, Canberra, ACT, 2607, Australia, Tel +61 2 6125 9253, Email bhim.rai@anu.edu.auPurpose: To inform national health policy, we quantified the pattern of neuro-ophthalmological disorders (NODs) presenting to the national vitreoretinal clinics in Bhutan.Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.Methods: We reviewed all new NODs patients over three years. Demographic data, presenting complaints, treatment history, systemic diseases, diagnostic procedures, and diagnoses were quantified. Logistic regression examined the odds of factors linked to more common NODs.Results: Of 226 patients, the majority were males (54.0%), farmers (60.2%), and urbanites (55.8%). Loss of vision was the most common presenting complaint (57.9%), followed by head or orbital trauma (19.5%). The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 216 eyes (47.8%) was ≤ 6/60. Hypertension was the most common systemic disease (16.4%), followed by diabetes (3.5%), and intracranial space-occupying lesions (3.5%). Neuroimaging (37.6%) was the most common diagnostic test performed, followed by visual field testings (VFTs) (22.9%). With a NOD incidence of 7.8% p.a. (226/2913), optic atrophy (OA) was diagnosed in 134 patients (59.3%). Other common NODs were optic neuritis (15.5%), papilloedema (9.3%), and traumatic optic neuropathy (8.4%). Female gender increased the odds for glaucomatous OA by 2.65× (p = 0.044), and age by 1.09× per year (p < 0.001). Being female increased the odds of

Published
2023

20. SCLERITIS 379.00

Author

Tatlipinar, Sinan, primary, Ilhan-Sarac, Ozge, additional, and Karamürsel Akpek, Esen, additional

Published
2008
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21. CONTRIBUTORS

Author

Abbott, Richard L., primary, Afshari, Natalie A., additional, Agrawal, Jaya, additional, Agrawal, Shishir, additional, Agrawal, Trilok P., additional, Akduman, Levent, additional, Akpek, Esen K., additional, Al-Sayyed, Amal, additional, Albini, Thomas A., additional, Alcorn, Deborah M., additional, Alwitry, Amar, additional, Amzel, Anouk, additional, Anderson, Nicole J., additional, Ansari, Ejaz A., additional, Antoszyk, Andrew, additional, Antoszyk, James H., additional, Aquavella, James V., additional, Arain, Sumaira A., additional, Arévalo, J. Fernando, additional, Arunagiri, Guruswami, additional, Arzabe, Carlos W., additional, Atchaneeyasakul, La-ongsri, additional, Atilla, Huban, additional, Aykan, Ümit, additional, Ayres, Brandon D., additional, Barbón, Juan J., additional, Bailey, Kristi, additional, Baloh, Frank G., additional, Barequet, Irina S., additional, Barkhuizen, André, additional, Bearn, Michael A., additional, Belfort, Rubens, additional, Bellows, A. Robert, additional, Berrocal, Audina M., additional, Bettink-Remeijer, Marijke Wefers, additional, Bhandari, Anuja, additional, Bhatti, M. Tariq, additional, Blumenkranz, Mark S., additional, Boboridis, Kostas G., additional, Bolling, James P., additional, Boniuk, Vivien, additional, Botelho, Paul Jorge, additional, Brazis, Paul W., additional, Bremner, Fion D., additional, Buckley, Edward G., additional, Bullock, John D., additional, Bushley, David Matthew, additional, Caldeira, Jorge Alberto F., additional, Carricajo, Anne, additional, Cavallini, Gian Maria, additional, Chan, Matilda Frances, additional, Chandler, Damon B., additional, Channa, H., additional, Char, Devron H., additional, Charles, Steve, additional, Chen, Teresa C., additional, Ching, Steven S.T., additional, Chiquet, Christophe, additional, Hyunchul, Phillip, additional, Chou, Timothy Y., additional, Christiansen, Stephen P., additional, Chung, Kelly D., additional, Cioffi, George A., additional, Clarke, Michael P., additional, Coats, David K., additional, Cohen, Elisabeth J., additional, Conway, R. Max, additional, Creuzot-Garcher, Catherine, additional, Cunningham, Emmett T., additional, Curtis, Theodore H., additional, Dailey, Roger A., additional, Davis, Richard M., additional, Cock, Romain De, additional, de Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H.N., additional, de la Mano, Daniel, additional, Dekkers, Nick W.H.M., additional, Monte, Monte Anthony Del, additional, Rocca, David A. Della, additional, Rocca, Robert C. Della, additional, Dhaliwal, Deepinder K., additional, Do, Diana V., additional, Dolman, Peter J., additional, Donahue, Sean P., additional, Donnenfeld, Eric D., additional, Duguid, Graham, additional, Duker, Jay S., additional, Dunn, James P., additional, Dunn, Steven P., additional, Duong, Hon-Vu Q., additional, Egan, Robert A., additional, Eichler, Michael D., additional, El-Dairi, Mays, additional, Ellis, Forrest J., additional, Emerson, Geoffrey, additional, Emerson, M. Vaughn, additional, Enyedi, Laura B., additional, Evans, Teodoro, additional, Falardeau, Julie, additional, Faris, Bishara M., additional, Feitl, Marianne E., additional, Felton, Warren L., additional, Feman, Stephen S., additional, ffytche, Timothy J, additional, Flaxel, Christina J., additional, Foroozan, Rod, additional, Foster, Allen, additional, Fraunfelder, Frederick T., additional, Fraunfelder, Frederick W., additional, Freeman, H. Mackenzie, additional, Friedlaender, Mitchell H., additional, Frohman, Larry P., additional, Fung, Wayne E., additional, Gain, Philippe, additional, Gaitan, Jaime R., additional, Gancher, Stephen, additional, Gard, Tim, additional, Gattey, Devin M., additional, Gehlbach, Peter L., additional, Ghajarnia, Mehdi, additional, Ghanem, Vinícius Coral, additional, Ghosh, Amit Kumar, additional, Ghosh, Chandak, additional, Giegengack, Matthew, additional, Gladstone, Geoffrey, additional, Gold, Daniel H., additional, Golub, Richard L., additional, Gombos, Dan S., additional, Gombos, George M., additional, Good, William V., additional, Goodman, Shawn, additional, Gottsch, John D., additional, Goverdhan, Srinivas, additional, Grimson, Baird S., additional, Güemes, Adolfo, additional, Guerra, Roberto, additional, Haller, Julia A., additional, Hammersmith, Kristin M., additional, Handelman, Irvin L., additional, Hargrove, Roderick N., additional, Harney, Michael S., additional, Harper, Richard A., additional, Hatt, Sarah R., additional, Hawkins, Barbara S., additional, Hayreh, Sohan S., additional, Heiligenhaus, Arnd, additional, Heinz, Carsten, additional, Herndon, Leon W., additional, Hickman, Simon J., additional, Hirano, Koji, additional, Holland, Edward J., additional, Holland, Gary N., additional, Holz, Eric R., additional, Hommura, Sachiko, additional, Horn, Jeffrey D., additional, Hornick, Richard B., additional, Hoskins, H. Dunbar, additional, Hung, James W., additional, Hunter, Brian A., additional, Hunter, Krista A., additional, Hunyor, Alex P., additional, Hurwitz, Brian, additional, Hwang, Thomas S., additional, Hyndiuk, Robert A., additional, Ilhan-Sarac, Ozge, additional, Ing, Edsel, additional, Ino-ue, Masanori, additional, Isada, Carlos M., additional, Iturriaga, Saylin, additional, Iuorno, Joseph D., additional, Iwach, Andrew G., additional, Iyer, Mohan N., additional, Izquierdo, Natalio J., additional, Jampol, Lee M., additional, Johnston, Suzanne, additional, Kadayifçilar, Sibel, additional, Kaden, Ian H., additional, Kaimbo, Dieudonne Kaimbo Wa, additional, Kapur, Rashmis, additional, Kastl, Peter R., additional, Katsavounidou, Garyfallia, additional, Kazerouni, Ayat, additional, Kazim, Michael, additional, Kedhar, Sanjay R., additional, Keech, Ronald V., additional, Kersten, Robert C., additional, Keys, Marshall P., additional, Khanna, Sangeeta, additional, Khaw, Peng Tee, additional, Kinyoun, James L., additional, Kirwan, Caitriona, additional, Kivelä, Tero, additional, Klein, Michael L., additional, Klotz, Stephen A., additional, Ko, John, additional, Kowalski, Regis P., additional, Krachmer, Jay H., additional, Krupin, Theodore, additional, Kuhn, Ferenc, additional, Kulkarni, Abhaya Vivek, additional, Kwun, Robert C., additional, Laibson, Peter R., additional, Lakhanpal, Rohit R., additional, Lam, Byron L., additional, Lamer, Laurent, additional, Lawlor, David P., additional, Lawton, Andrew W., additional, Leahey, Alan B., additional, LeBoyer, Russell, additional, Lee, Andrew G., additional, Lee, Wen-Hsiang, additional, Lee, William Barry, additional, Lehman, Sharon S., additional, Leibowitz, Howard M., additional, Leong, James, additional, Levin, Alex V., additional, Levin, Leonard A., additional, Levine, Mark R., additional, Levy, Norman S., additional, Liesegang, Thomas J., additional, Lim, Lyndell L., additional, Lin, Linda H., additional, Lisman, Richard D., additional, Litoff, David, additional, Liu, James C., additional, Loft, Evan, additional, Lubritz, Ronald R., additional, Mabey, David C.W., additional, Mackie, Ian A., additional, Maguluri, Srilakshmi, additional, Maliki, M., additional, Mamalis, Nick, additional, Mannis, Mark J., additional, Mansberger, Steven L., additional, Mansour, Ahmad M., additional, Marcon, Alexandre S., additional, Marcon, Italo M., additional, Marsh, Peter B., additional, Mather, Rookaya, additional, Mathers, William D., additional, Saari, K. Matti, additional, Mawn, Louise A., additional, McAllum, Penny J., additional, McCallum, Rex M., additional, McCluskey, Peter, additional, McCormick, Gregory J., additional, McCormick, Steven A., additional, McCulley, James P., additional, McHenry, John G., additional, McNab, Alan A., additional, Mee, Jared J., additional, Meier, Douglas L., additional, Meisler, David M., additional, Merin, Saul C., additional, Meyer, Dale R., additional, Meyer, Roger F., additional, Michels, Kevin S., additional, Milman, Tatyana, additional, Mintz, Roni, additional, Morel, Chantal F, additional, Morris, William R., additional, Moster, Mark L., additional, Mourani, John, additional, Muccioli, Cristina, additional, Mudumbai, Raghu C., additional, Murillo-Lopez, Fernando H., additional, Myint, Shoib, additional, Nagra, Parveen K, additional, Naoumi, A, additional, Nassif, John, additional, Nee, Michelle T., additional, Netto, Marcelo V., additional, Ng, John D., additional, Nguyen, Hau T., additional, Nguyen, Quan Dong, additional, O'Day, Denis M., additional, O'Day, A. Justin, additional, O'Halloran, Henry S., additional, O'Keefe, Michael, additional, Okamoto, Fumiki, additional, Olson, Richard J., additional, Orcutt, James C., additional, Dundar, Sema Oruc, additional, Osbourne, Aaron, additional, Palazzi, Maristela Amaral, additional, Palmer, Earl A., additional, Papadopoulos, Maria, additional, Parnell, Jeffrey R., additional, Parsa, Cameron F., additional, Patel, Sanjay V., additional, Patterson, Emily, additional, Pendergast, Scott D., additional, Perry, Henry D., additional, Peters, Keith Roberson, additional, Po, Stephanie M., additional, Pokroy, Russell, additional, Putterman, Allen Michael, additional, Queiro, Rubén, additional, Rafiei, Nastaran, additional, Rahmani, Bahram, additional, Rapuano, Christopher J, additional, Rasheed, Karim, additional, Rathinam, S.R., additional, Raymond, Lawrence A., additional, Read, Russell W., additional, Lafayette, August, additional, Recchia, Franco M., additional, Reidy, James J., additional, Reynolds, Adam C., additional, Rich, Larry F., additional, Ritch, Robert, additional, Robb, Richard M., additional, Robert, Pierre-Yves, additional, Robertson, Joseph E., additional, Roh, Shiyoung, additional, Romanet, Jean-Paul, additional, Rootman, Jack, additional, Roque, Barbara L., additional, Roque, Manolette R., additional, Rosenbaum, Arthur L., additional, Rosenbaum, James Todd, additional, Roy, F. Hampton, additional, Rundle, Paul A., additional, Sadun, Alfredo A., additional, Saffra, Norman A., additional, Salim, Sarwat, additional, Samples, John R., additional, Santiago, Alvina Pauline D, additional, Saperstein, David A., additional, Saunders, Richard A., additional, Savage, James A., additional, Scheufele, Tina A., additional, Schiedler, Vivian, additional, Schlesinger, Thomas K., additional, Schlossman, Abraham, additional, Schwartz, Lee K., additional, Scott, Ingrid U., additional, Scruggs, Jennifer, additional, Segal, Ernesto I., additional, Shalaby, Ismail A., additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Sheppard, John D., additional, Sherman, Mark D., additional, Shields, Carol L., additional, Shields, Jerry A., additional, Singh, Amarpreet, additional, Singh, Christopher N., additional, Singman, Eric L., additional, Siracuse-Lee, Donna, additional, Smalley, Aaron D., additional, Smith, Patricia W., additional, Solomon, Anthony W., additional, Souhail, Hassane, additional, Spitzberg, Daniel H., additional, Spoor, Thomas C., additional, Stamper, Robert L., additional, Stark, Walter J., additional, Steele, Eric A., additional, Steinemann, Thomas L., additional, Stout, Ann U., additional, Stout, J. Timothy, additional, Stulting, R. Doyle, additional, Sugar, Alan, additional, Sugar, Joel, additional, Suh, Donny W., additional, Suhler, Eric B., additional, Sullivan, John H., additional, Sutphin, John Everett, additional, Swan, Kenneth C., additional, Tabbara, Khalid F., additional, Tamber, Mandeep S., additional, Tanna, Angelo P., additional, Tatlipinar, Sinan, additional, Tayani, Ramin, additional, Teichmann, Klaus D., additional, Terry, Mark A., additional, Tham, Clement Chee Yung, additional, Therzaz, A., additional, Thuret, Gilles, additional, Tinley, Christopher Graham, additional, Tongue, Andrea C., additional, Torres, Rodrigo J., additional, Tower, Robert N., additional, Traboulsi, Elias I, additional, Trikha, Rupan, additional, Tripathi, Brenda J., additional, Tripathi, Ramesh C., additional, Tugal-Tutkun, Ilknur, additional, Tung, Irene, additional, Evendingen, Judith A. M. Van, additional, Vaudaux, Jean D., additional, Wairagkar, Niteen S, additional, Walrath, Joseph D., additional, Walsh, Rory McConn, additional, Walton, David S., additional, Warwar, Ronald E., additional, Watson, Peter G., additional, Weiter, John J., additional, Weleber, Richard G., additional, Wertz, Fleming D., additional, Westra, Igor, additional, Wheeler, David T., additional, Wilkinson, Charles P., additional, Wilson, David J., additional, Wilson, M. Edward, additional, Wilson, Matthew W., additional, Wilson, Steven E, additional, Wobig, John L., additional, Wood, Terry D., additional, Wu, Lihteh, additional, Yalcinbayir, Ozgur, additional, Ying, Howard Shann-Cherng, additional, Youssef, Peter N., additional, and Zaidman, Gerald W., additional

Published
2008
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31. Investigation of Heme Oxygenase 2 Enzyme Protein Expression in Keratoconus and Normal Human Corneal Epithelium: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Author

Caglayan, Mehtap, Kocamıs, Sucattin Ilker, Sarac, Ozge, Tatli Dogan, Hayriye, Kosekahya, Pinar, Ayan, Murat, and Cagil, Nurullah

Subjects
CORNEA, EPITHELIUM, HEME oxygenase, IMMUNOSTAINING, KERATOCONUS
Abstract

Purpose: To compare heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2) enzyme levels detected by immunohistochemical staining methods in the cornea epithelium obtained from keratoconus patients and normal subjects. Materials and Methods: The keratoconus group included 69 eyes of 69 patients with keratoconus scheduled for cross-linking surgery. The control group included 52 eyes of 52 patients with refractive error scheduled for photorefractive keratectomy surgery. After a detailed ophthalmologic examination, corneal topographic maps of each patient were generated, and then the patients underwent surgery. The corneal epithelium was collected mechanically during the surgery, fixed with formalin, embedded in paraffin blocks, and sectioned by microtomes. HO-2 antibodies were applied to the samples for immunohistochemical evaluation. The intensity of the staining was identified as negative, weak, moderate or strong. The keratoconus group was classified as early (average keratometry (AvrK) ≤ 47 D), moderate (AvrK 47-55 D) and advanced keratoconus (AvrK ≥ 55 D). Finally, intergroup and intragroup comparison analyses were made statistically. Results: In the keratoconus group, 20 (29%) (14 weak and 6 moderate staining) of the 69 corneal epithelial specimens were identified with HO-2 expression. In the control group, 40 (76.9%) (16 moderate and 24 strong staining) of the 52 corneal epithelial specimens were identified with HO-2 expression. HO-2 expression in the corneal epithelial specimens was significantly less in the keratoconus group than in the control group (p < 0.001). There was no substantial difference among the keratoconus subgroups in terms of staining with the HO-2 antibody (p = 0.797). Conclusions: The HO-2 enzyme staining using immunohistochemical methods was at lower amounts in the keratoconic corneal epithelial cells as compared with normal corneal epithelial cells. The HO-2 enzyme may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of keratoconus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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37. The Prevalence of Dry Eye and Sjögren Syndrome in Patients with Migraine.

Author

Sarac, Ozge, Kosekahya, Pinar, Yildiz Tasci, Yelda, Keklikoglu, Hava D., Deniz, Orhan, Erten, Şükran, and Çağıl, Nurullah

Subjects
*DRY eye syndromes, *SJOGREN'S syndrome, *MIGRAINE, *SERODIAGNOSIS, *NEUROLOGIC examination, *SJOGREN'S syndrome diagnosis, *TEARS (Body fluid), *LONGITUDINAL method, *DISEASE prevalence, *PHYSIOLOGY, *DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the presence of dry eye and primary Sjögren syndrome (SS) in patients with migraine.Methods: In total, 46 eyes of 46 patients with migraine (group 1) and 50 eyes of 50 healthy subjects (group 2) were included in this study. Detailed ophthalmologic, neurologic and rheumatologic examination were performed on all participants. Ocular surface disease index questionnaire, tear function tests, visual analog scale for pain, serologic analysis were also performed.Results: Dry eye symptoms and findings were significantly higher and more severe in group 1 when compared with group 2. Primary SS was not found in any of the participants. The migraine lifetime duration was negatively correlated with the tear function tests while it was positively correlated with the ocular surface disease index scores.Conclusions: Dry eye symptoms and findings are higher in migraine patients when compared with the healthy subjects without the presence of Sjögren syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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38. Pupillary Offset in Keratoconus and its Relationship with Clinical and Topographical Features.

Author

Hondur, Gozde, Cagil, Nurullah, Sarac, Ozge, Ozcan, Meltem Ece, and Kosekahya, Pinar

Subjects
KERATOCONUS, CORNEA diseases, STATISTICAL correlation, REFRACTIVE keratoplasty, CORNEA surgery
Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the change in the location of pupillary center with corneal tomography in keratoconic patients, and determine the correlation of pupillary offset with clinical and topographical features of keratoconus. Methods: Ninety-one eyes of the 54 patients with keratoconus in different stages and 39 eyes of 39 refractive surgery candidates with normal corneas were included in our study. Ocular aberrations and the pupillary offset parameters (x-offset and y-offset) over a 5 mm (undilated) pupil were measured with a Sirius corneal tomographer. A correlation analysis among the pupillary offset parameters and the possible determinative variables (topographical and tomographical parameters, corneal aberrations and best corrected visual acuity) was performed. Results: The mean pupillary offset was significantly greater in the keratoconic eyes compared with the controls (p= 0.003), and the difference was mostly due to the y-offset (p= 0.03). There was no significant difference between the groups in the mean horizontal pupillary offset value (p= 0.07). Both the vertical and the total pupillary offset values correlated significantly (p< 0.0001) with the keratoconus stage (r = 0.58 and r = 0.51, respectively). They also correlated with the corneal aberrations, and negatively correlated with the visual acuity. Conclusions: The pupillary offset seems to correlate with the clinical and topographic features of keratoconus. It may be important to quantify its magnitude and direction in order to ensure correct centralization of the corneal procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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43. Tear eotaxin levels in giant papillary conjunctivitis associated with ocular prosthesis.

Author

Sarac, Ozge llhan, Erdener, Ugur, Us, Durdal, Gungen, Yucel, Irkec, Murat, and Sarac, Ozge

Subjects
*TEARS (Body fluid), *CHEMOKINES, *CONJUNCTIVITIS, *EOSINOPHILS, *PROSTHETICS, *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, *PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

Purpose: To examine the role of eotaxin and eosinophil recruitment in the immunopathogenesis of ocular prosthesis-associated giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC).Methods: The tear eotaxin level was measured in 68 eyes with GPC, the fellow eyes of the GPC patients, and 22 normal subjects, using an ELISA method. Upper tarsal conjunctival specimens harvested from 18 patients with GPC were examined by light microscopy.Results: There was no significant difference in tear eotaxin levels between patients with GPC and healthy subjects. In patients with chronic GPC, the tear eotaxin levels were significantly lower. These eyes also had decreased conjunctival cellularity and increased fibrosis in the substantia propria. Biopsy specimens showed infiltration of lymphocytes and mast cells, but no eosinophils were found.Conclusion: Eotaxin and eotaxin-mediated eosinophil recruitment do not seem to have a major role in the immunopathology of chronic GPC associated with an ocular prosthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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44. The Effect of Corneal Epithelium on Corneal Curvature in Patients with Keratoconus.

Author

Kalkan Akcay, Emine, Uysal, Betul Seher, Sarac, Ozge, Ugurlu, Nagehan, Yulek, Fatma, Cagil, Nurullah, and Aslan, Nabi

Subjects
CORNEA physiology, EPITHELIUM, KERATOCONUS, COLLAGEN, CORNEA surgery, PATIENTS, VITAMIN B2, CHEMICAL reagents, CORNEA, CORNEA diseases, CORNEAL topography, DEBRIDEMENT, EYE examination, LONGITUDINAL method, PHOTOSENSITIZERS, ULTRAVIOLET radiation, METABOLISM, DIAGNOSIS, VITAMIN therapy
Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of corneal epithelium on corneal curvature in patients with keratoconus.Design:This is a prospective, nonrandomized study.Participants:Fifty-nine eyes of 47 patients diagnosed as keratoconus and for whom corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) was recruited in this study.Methods: This study is a single-center clinical trial. Pregnancy, lactation, connective tissue disease, corneal thickness below 350 μm, severe dry eyes, or scar of corneal surgery were exclusion criteria. Before and during CXL procedure after removing the corneal epithelium, maximum values of corneal apical curvature, simulated keratometry 1 (Sim-K1), simulated keratometry 2 (Sim-K2), temporal and inferior curvature values, all of which are 1.5 mm from the corneal center, were calculated. These values before and after removal of epithelium were compared statistically.Results: Mean age of patients was 23.30 ± 5.5 (12–38) years. Twenty-eight (59%) were male while 19 (41%) were female. Mean values measured before and after removing the corneal epithelium were: apical curvature; 59.19 ± 7.2 (47.06–82.40) diopter (D) and 61.70 ± 8.8 (49.19–92.66) D (p = 0.001), SimK1; 47.57 ± 4.3 (39.14–64.57) D and 48.23 ± 4.3 (41.89–66.70) D (p = 0.001), SimK2; 52.04 ± 5.3 (43.56–69.34) D and 53.34 ± 5.6 (43.73–70.89) D (p = 0.001), inferior curvature; 53,85 ± 5.2 (43.47–76.56) D and 55.05 ± 5.8 (44.56–81.93) D (p = 0.002), temporal curvature 49.49 ± 5.1 (41.50–71.03) D and 51.53 ± 5.4 (41.58–73.34) D (p = 0.001), respectively.Conclusions: In keratoconus patients during CXL treatment, after removing the corneal epithelium, more steepness is detected in the curvature of the steeper area of the cornea. When evaluating patients with keratoconus, the masking effect of corneal epithelium on values of curvature should be taken into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2015
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