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Redoma, Vol. 3 Núm. 9 (2023): Redoma, julio-septiembre 2023

The university perception of the teaching-learning process: online education vs face-to-face education, once again shows that students want to be present in the classroom again or resort to hybrid classes, since they consider that online learning it does not pay them substantially in their professional training. The present study is quantitative, descriptive, and explanatory, cross-sectional and with a sample by availability. Three axes’ variables are analyzed: demographic, socio-educational descriptors and the one that refers to the teaching-learning process online vs face-to-face. The general objective is to analyze the perceived differences between online education situations and face-to-face education in the current pandemic situations conditions. Attendance or hybrid classes is already an observable fact in the different HEIs in our country, it is necessary to be prepared in this new contingency in the teaching-learning process to incorporate leveling strategies among the population that has been left behind by the situation pandemic in which it has lived.

Introducción: Las embarazadas deben tener conocimientos y cumplir con todas las medidas preventivas para reducir el riesgo de infección de SARS-CoV-2 y evitar el parto prematuro y la mortalidad materna. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimientos y las prácticas sobre medidas de prevención de COVID-19 de las gestantes. Métodos: investigación de tipo observacional, descriptiva y trasversal realizada en el Centro de Salud Tipo C “Velasco Ibarra”, Machala-Ecuador, con una muestra censal de 100 embarazadas de la consulta de gineco-obstetricia, se utilizó una encuesta con cuatro dimensiones: grado de instrucción, conocimientos de la transmisión del SARS-CoV-2, utilización correcta de: mascarilla, técnica del lavado de las manos y distanciamiento social. Resultados: En las gestantes predominó el grado de instrucción bachillerato en 57 (57%), 53 (53%) presentaron un nivel de conocimiento adecuado de la transmisión del SARS-CoV-2, 84 (84%) con un nivel adecuado de conocimiento de las medidas de prevención de COVID-19, 74 (74%) aplicaban las medidas de prevención, 83 (83%) utilizan en forma correcta la mascarilla, 60 (60%) aplicaban la secuencia de los pasos de la higiene de las manos y 55 (55%) el distanciamiento social. Conclusiones: a pesar del predominio de un nivel adecuado de conocimiento de las medidas de prevención de COVID-19, con aplicación en forma correcta de la mascarilla, higiene de las manos y distanciamiento social, un importante grupo de embarazadas presentaron conocimientos inadecuados de las medidas de prevención, resaltando el incumplimiento del distanciamiento social, que es la mejor forma para disminuir la propagación del virus. Palabras Clave: COVID-19, Embarazo, Conocimientos, Bioseguridad. ABSTRACT Introduction: Pregnant women must be knowledgeable about and comply with all preventive measures to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and avoid premature birth and maternal mortality. Objective: Identify the level of knowledge and practices on COVID-19 prevention measures in pregnant women. Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional research carried out at the Velasco Ibarra Type C Health Center, Machala-Ecuador, with a census sample of 100 pregnant women from the gynecological-obstetric consultation, a survey with four dimensions was used: degree of instruction, knowledge of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, correct use of: mask, hand washing technique and social distancing. Results: In pregnant women, the baccalaureate degree of instruction predominated in 57 (57%), 53 (53%) had an adequate level of knowledge of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, 84 (84%) with an adequate level of knowledge of the COVID-19 prevention measures, 74 (74%) applied the prevention measures, 83 (83%) used the mask correctly, 60 (60%) applied the sequence of hand hygiene steps and 55 (55%) social distancing. Conclusions: despite the prevalence of an adequate level of knowledge of the prevention measures for COVID-19, with the correct application of the mask, hand hygiene and social distancing, an important group of pregnant women presented inadequate knowledge of the measures prevention, highlighting the breach of social distancing, which is the best way to reduce the spread of the virus. Keywords: COVID-19, Pregnancy, Knowledge, Biosafety.

Purpose: To evaluate the anatomic and visual outcomes of patients who underwent full-thickness corneal suture in penetrating ocular trauma. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted after analyzing the medical records of 7 patients who presented to the ohptalmology department of the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, during January 2020 and December 2021, with diagnosis of penetrating ocular trauma requiring corneal suture with subsequent anterior segment ocular tomography (AS- OCT) at 2 weeks post-trauma. Results: In 2 of the 7 patients included in the cohort intraocular foreign body was found. The average age at presentation of the trauma was 47 years, with a higher rate (71.4%) in men. The average time between trauma and surgery was approximately 2.6 days. In 100% of the patients the corneal architecture was restored, defined by the adequate apposition of the corneal endothelium between both sides of the wound. Conclusions: The present study provides promising results regarding the use of full-thickness corneal suture in the context of penetrating ocular trauma. This intervention, employed at the 100% of the patients studied, adequately restores corneal architecture, positively impacting postoperative visual acuity.

En esta obra se expone y analiza el estado del conocimiento del campo de las investigaciones sobre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las lenguas extranjeras en México del período 2012-2021: su producción, autores, rasgos contextuales y problemáticas más sobresalientes, hallazgos centrales, evolución y tendencias tanto a nivel nacional como por entidades federativas, así como la metodología seguida en su elaboración. En su realización participaron cerca de 150 investigadores e investigadoras de 28 estados del país adscritos a 34 instituciones de educación superior, quienes en conjunto recolectaron y analizaron 879 trabajos. Dada la cobertura y profundidad lograda mediante la colaboración de este nutrido número de investigadores, el libro se configura como una lectura ampliamente recomendada para los especialistas en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las lenguas extranjeras; para los estudiantes de licenciatura y posgrado que se forman para desempeñarse en dicho campo y para los tomadores de decisiones responsables de la formulación de políticas y programas relacionados con el mismo. De igual manera, se espera que la información que aquí se expone aporte elementos útiles y confiables y contribuya a la toma de decisiones de directivos, maestros, formadores de maestros y padres de familia en torno a una diversidad de asuntos relacionados con la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las lenguas extranjeras, de forma tal que coadyuve a que dicha enseñanza sea más acorde a las necesidades y características de los alumnos mexicanos.

After the declaration of a health contingency by the WHO and the Mexican government, the university community took refuge in their homes, waiting to return to face-to-face classes. As the confinement dates lengthen, online educational interactions are hampered because students’ manifest problems related to the internet and technological-digital resources, since now they must be shared with relatives who are also in confinement; In addition, some students work online, which complicates the situation in which they live, study and work. Although learning is involved in these situations, it is not addressed in the present study; The results provide elements that lead to lines of research where, from the student perspective, the role of the teaching-learning process, academic performance and learning are reviewed, as well as the relationship between education and online work. In this context, the proposal of the study is exploratory, quantitative, and longitudinal; The sample is for convenience and 31 (August 2020) and subsequently 28 students (March 2021) voluntarily participated. The objective is to explore the conditions in which undergraduate students solve socio-educational-labor situations with the use of technological-digital resources during the COVID-19 pandemic.

University professional training is the sum of individual and group efforts that are intertwined as students and teachers advance, semester or annually. It has its precedent in curricular designs and may or may not be spiced up with job training. The objective is to analyze the relationships of the elements of professional training, curriculum design and training from the university perspective. The present study is quantitative, cross-sectional and with a sample by availability. 18 variables that make up the axes of Vocational Training (8), Training (4) and Curricular Design (4) are analyzed, the results of which have been treated with Pearson's Product Moment Correlation analysis; the scale used is decimal ratio. The participants were 65 teachers and 138 students from different Academic Units. It is stated that the themes that allude to the social rights, rights, and obligations of the workers, the Afores, the educational-labor reforms should be considered as cross-cutting themes in any university career due to their socio-educational-labor implications.

This article tries to give a statistical explanation that links elements of curriculum design, professional training and job training through quantitative research. An instrument was elaborated expressly containing the three axes described above, with 10 simple variables per axis, obtaining a total of 30 variables of decimal ratio measurement. For this study, a statistical analysis of Cronbach's alpha was performed for the reliability of the instrument; frequency and percentage to describe the sample and a factor analysis for the integrational explanation of the phenomenon under study.

This article elucidates the concept of curriculum, in an entitative way to educational processes. It consists of a documentary investigation that tries to account for the construction of the curriculum both chronologically in principle and from the educational perspective in a second instance. A panoramic tour is made of the main international authors and a small emphasis on national authors, since there is a great development in this disciplinary field by Mexican researchers. The importance of this work lies mainly in the former confining the term curriculum only to the curriculum or curriculum mesh, however it has countless elements that give directionality to the educational process in terms of actors, methodology, infrastructure, programmatic contents, etc.

Psychological representations, as a reflection of beliefs, norms and values, are spiced up by individual perspectives as a result of their experiences and expectations, which are the result of the constant interaction of students with their sociocultural context, which allows studying, based on the palabra estímulo vocational training, the reflection of culture in the cognitive configurations of students. The objective of the research is to analyze the differences in psychological meanings of professional training in women and men from the studied career; the research design is qualitative, cross-sectional and sampling by availability; The results are based on the perspective of 57 students who show the interactions through the psychological meanings that women and men express with the Natural Semantic Networks (RSN) technique. The contribution of the present study is the use of the RSN technique to identify the shared codes of the students that reflect the psychological meanings about their own professional training.

Based on the results of an investigation “Alternatives of human development with labor qualification", attributes are extracted as inputs that the workers indicate as important in: job performance, training, human development and job reality expressed in task variability, job identity, importance of work, autonomy of functions and performance feedback. Integrated results reflect an innovative development and training scheme based on worker needs parallel to personnel administration. The integrated results reflect an innovative development and training scheme based on worker needs parallel to personnel management. Personnel development has four levels: 1st Strategic planning of work development. In this part, the organization reviews: job profiles, recruitment and selection techniques; 2nd Diagnosis of training and development needs: the employee's trajectory is evaluated from: induction, interview to visualize the worker's expectations, skills, attitudes and experience, a personalized business career design is built; 3rd Development and job training with an apprenticeship program: application in three strata: staff who make managerial decisions; employees of administrative, management and logistics services; line operators and maintenance services; 4th Context, work processes and aspects of the employee's personality, experience, work climate, type of work and level of command, nature of the work, high-performance collaborative tasks, operations management, production, technologies, etc.

It is intended to find learned cultural characteristics, related to genders, susceptible to transform learning for labor equity. By promoting equitable conditions at work, equitable gender participation is promoted in the automotive production sector, a job niche occupied by men. A verification instrument is applied for a descriptive qualitative research with the non-experimental method of interviews with five experts from the productive sector, to investigate on active workers in companies in the automotive sector. The results show different topics of gender learning such as: the behavior of women in jobs that were exclusive to men, investigating the relationships between power and authority regarding gender roles, skills and behavior patterns; mixed work teams; gender role learning: practical advice to be competitive; empower in informal education; strategies for the change of paradigms to obtain labor and political power; attributes of learned roles; differences between power and authority and leadership attributes to empower women, in equality with men. The verification instrument includes types of power, to identify informal keys to empowering women in the labor market and thus access decision-making positions.

On-the-job development apprenticeship online training quantitative research. The perspective is pedagogical centered on the worker supported by theories of labor development. Made with a random sample of 326 workers from 5 companies in Coahuila. The objective is the optimization of human, technical and financial resources of the workforce for quality productivity. The administration for the development of the human factor is systematized with surveys via the Internet. The development and satisfaction of employees is manifested in organizational behavior and overall quality of work. The business investment for high productivity and personal satisfaction returns is in training. The objective is to complement the training with administrative tools for worker development. The subtopics are supported by theories of virtual learning that consider the central dimensions of the work that motivate the tasks: variety, identity, value, autonomy and feedback; online learning methodologies. The idea that the task itself is key to motivating administration workers; strategic programming; career prospecting; didactics for adults; operation of programs with internet; evaluation of training in virtual classrooms; redesign "e learning" and evaluation of distance training.

Quantitative non-experimental research studies of basic teachers training and its pedagogical relevance to develop or limit the updating of learning towards the professionalization of postgraduate teachers. The academic sufficiency of students of basic teachers to access higher studies has been discussed. The research proposes of these students teaching practice as learning to continue higher professional development. The research has vertical transactional data collection applied to the random sample of 47 students of basic teachers from a population of 224 master's students. The descriptive analysis is carried out in six signal variables, three axes: systems of teacher training discipline, school achievement in normal school and efficiency in master's studies, inserted are five complex variables. The analysis is descriptive correlational (Pearson) and multivariate factorial. The results show the achievement of the objectives of teaching experiences in professional practice and the relationship with productive learning. Attributes of basic teachers’ students support learning based on teaching experience are being fair, consistent, and productive, with a positive attitude, respectful, goal-oriented, proposing alternative solutions to real problems in teaching. The research provides information for the integration of public educational policies that impacts the training and updating of the impacts the training and updating of the teaching profession, attending to educational problems for the teaching development towards postgraduate degrees. The assertive students of basic teachers training with practices and professional teaching is constituted in formative learning for development in higher education The intentional educational training and teaching develop in students of basic teacher skills such as: self-awareness, self-esteem, conscience, moral judgment, empathy, social perspective, self-regulation and formation of values.

Trabajo de investigación Con este trabajo de grado se pretende el desarrollo de un sistema electrónico que permita la activación automática de un airbag para motociclistas. Esta idea surge a partir de lo realizado por la marca colombiana AiroBarg, pues se consideran una empresa pionera en el desarrollo de esta tecnología para la protección de los motociclistas ante accidentes de tránsito. Los productos de dicha marca comprenden sistemas neumáticos ocultos al interior de una prenda convencional de motociclismo que se activan de forma mecánica en el momento de un accidente para proteger al usuario. De ahí que el objetivo de este trabajo de grado sea el desarrollar un sistema electrónico el cual permita la activación automática de un airbag para motociclistas. Para ello se empleó la siguiente metodología, se partió de una recopilación de información, posteriormente se caracterizó el sistema, para así realizar la validación del sistema y por último lograr la Implementación del prototipo funcional y protocolo de pruebas. En consecuencia, se obtuvo la implementación del prototipo funcional, el cual ilustra la activación de forma eficiente y oportuna del airbag, validando mediante pruebas el tiempo de activación del prototipo, el cual cumple con los objetivos deseados. (Tomado de la fuente). Pregrado Ingeniero Electrónico INTRODUCCIÓN 1. GENERALIDADES 2. MARCO REFERENCIAL 3. TIPOS DE SISTEMAS DE AIRBAG PARA MOTO Y SUS COMPONENTES 4. IMPLEMENTACIÓN DEL PROTOTIPO FUNCIONAL 5. PRUEBAS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO 6. CONCLUSIONES Y TRABAJOS FUTUROS BIBLIOGRAFÍA ANEXOS

Among the fundamental conditions of the human being considered for optimal performance at work are social interpersonal relationships. These are an essential part of psychological stability and the work environment. From a biological perspective, the human being is diligently dependent on communication and social coexistence. It is essential to survive the social need to be productive and work in functions that allow you to sustain yourself and give to others, this forms the labor relations. This is where the optimal development and capacity is measured within the assigned jobs that you have within the work environment. The variables measure with quality standards and objectively emotional indexes generated within the work. The objective of this non-experimental, quantitative research is to analyze how interpersonal relationships impact on job satisfaction, since that is where the conditions create feelings of pleasure, attachment or investment, reflecting personal and work success. Here we show innovation factors that impact the sense of work belonging based on experiences of workers and within the environment, which generate feelings of well-being and satisfaction that impact good work performance.

This research addresses personality from the work developed by The German psychologist Hans Jurgen Eysenck and his personality questionnaire and academic performance is generated from ideas developed by Vargas where they approach individual, family and institutional are taken into account. The goal is to know the underlying relationship between personality and perception of academic performance in music students at the bachelor's level. Quantitative, non-experimental, transverse design characterizes the population and correlates the information collected. The methodology is a correlation Moment Product of Pearson, among the topics already described. The contribution is to provide an objective study on what this particular group considers with regard to its academic performance and how it affects the personality of the students. This opens up a different spectrum in terms of the emotion and sensitivity of subject behaviors and educational context.

Currently, brands have realized that creating an emotional bond in their target groups opening advantages over competition and have found in the old art of storytelling the perfect ally for that purpose. Storytelling is a powerful strategy that allows you to create that emotional link between producer and consumer. The objective of this research is to analyze the contribution of storytelling to generate emotional marketing strategies in purified water companies in the city of Bahía de Caráquez. The methodology implemented was the observation and application of surveys to customers of said product. The results were that consumers by brand preference are at 26.7 percent. However, 21.7 percent have little knowledge of the advertising of the companies under study. It is proposed that companies engaged in this commercial activity lack emotional marketing strategies based on the creation of stories that expand their field of service, attraction and customer loyalty.

Redoma, Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2021): Redoma, octubre diciembre 2021

Leisure and free time are a part of human beings’ life, and perhaps neither how nor why is thought of. In leisure, activities are individual and obligation free; free time activities, although can be chosen whether to do them or not, are linked to social pressures and included in the legislation and as universal human rights: Recreation, amusement and rest. The objective of the article is to analyze the way in which the post-degree students visualize and incorporate the leisure and free time in their everyday life. The used method is quantitative, explorational-descriptive, and transversal. The article contributes demonstrating the subjective wealth that impregnates the leisure forms and free time activities into the way each of the individuals do things, think, say, and spend time in their educational, social, and work related relationships and interrelationships. The questionnaire was answered by 70 post-degree students ―53 women and 17 men― most of them working. Some female students spend 15% of their week in free time activities and 27.5% to leisure; in both activities men said to spend 27% of their week. Only 16 women and six men consider free time as a fundamental human right.

This research provides insight into the most current topics from the perspective of educational figures regarding stereotypes that surround symbolic violence, including vocational orientation or curriculum, sexuality, racism, economic level, machismo and violence per se. It is observed how within today's society these topics become a topic of discussion, so it is important to know the factual reality offered by statistics to determine how they are presented in schools. The aim is to know the reality that confines symbolic violence in schools. The methodology used is quantitative at a descriptive level frequently and percentage for signalitic and univariable analysis with central trend and dispersion statistics. The contribution is an objective look at the current situation of symbolic violence in educational contexts, from the perspective of teachers.

In the last few decades extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes and microvesicles, have attracted significant interest in cardiovascular pathophysiology due to their intrinsic properties. Indeed, EVs by transferring their cargo, which contains miRNA, DNA, proteins and lipids, were found effective in preventive and regenerative medicine and in protecting the heart against an array of pathological conditions, including myocardial infarction and arrhythmias. EVs can attenuate cellular senescence, inflammation and myocardial injury. Cardiovascular structures may be targeted by circulating EVs derived by extra-cardiac cells and platelets, as well by EVs locally released from all major cardiovascular cell types, including endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. Yet, EVs of cardiovascular origin can be also transferred to distant tissues by circulation. Therefore, EVs have been proposed not only as promising diagnostic tools (early disease biomarkers), but also as therapeutics. This review focuses on the protective effects exerted by EVs, released by different cell types in the cardiovascular system. Physical exercise is considered as a natural mechanism of EV production involved in preventive medicine. Particular attention will be devoted to describe the impact of EVs in cardioprotection after ischemia/reperfusion injury.