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Objectives The present study was undertaken to determine the possible effects of the placement two different types of eyelid speculum on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement in clinically normal cats. Methods Thirty healthy cats were divided randomly into two groups of 15, group B (Barraquer wire speculum) and group W (Williams eye speculum). All cats were sedated with intramuscular medetomidine (Dorbene vet; 100 μg/kg) then placed in right lateral recumbency, and IOP was recorded in the left eye using a Tono-Pen Vet tonometer without and with an eyelid speculum in place in both groups. Results The without-speculum IOPs for cats in group B and group W were 13.8 ± 3.0 mmHg and 13.2 ± 3.6 mmHg, respectively, and did not differ significantly. A significant increase in IOP (19.8 ± 3.7 mmHg) was observed in group W in with-speculum measurements in comparison to the without-speculum values ( P Conclusions and relevance The Barraquer wire speculum has no effect on IOP compared with the Williams eye speculum in normal cats, and may be an appropriate choice in cats for intraocular surgeries that cannot tolerate acute increases in IOP.

Decrease time to enteral feeding initiation and advancement. In our all-referral neonatal intensive care unit, we developed an evidence-based guideline addressing feeding initiation and advancement. During 6 months before and 7 months after guideline implementation, we measured time to initiate feeding, time to 100 ml/kg/day of feeding, gastric residual measurement frequency, and incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (balancing measure). Two hundred twenty-three infants were studied. Time from admission to feeding initiation was shorter after guideline implementation (mean 0.5 days [95% CI: 0.4–0.7] vs. 1.1 days [95% CI: 0.7–1.5], p = 0.01). Time from admission to 100 ml/kg/day feeding was also shorter (3.6 days [95% CI: 2.8–4.4] vs. 6.2 days [95% CI: 4.4–8.1], p = 0.01). After guideline implementation, routine gastric residual measurements were discontinued. After implementation of an enteral feeding guideline, which included discontinuation of routine gastric residual assessment, we observed a faster initiation of enteral feeding and shorter time to reach 100 ml/kg/day.