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Podobno kot na ostalih izobraževalnih področjih se je tudi podiplomski študij zdravstvene nege v zadnjem času delno preselil v spletno okolje. Že pred tem pa se je pojavila ideja o razvoju skupne platforme za učenje na dokazih podprte zdravstvene nege. E-učilnica za učenje na dokazih podprte zdravstvene nege bo omogočala lažji dostop do gradiv, ki ni časovno omejen. Z uporabo interaktivnih elementov v e-učilnici pa bomo udeležence izobraževanja še dodatno motivirali. Zaradi razširjenosti in dostopnosti sistema za upravljanje z učnimi vsebinami je bil za razvoj e-učilnice izbran sistem Moodle. Izbrani sistem s svojimi raznolikimi aktivnostmi že v osnovi ponuja širok nabor interaktivnih elementov, z razširitvama BigBlueButton in H5P pa se ta nabor še razširi. Da bi omogočili izvajalcem izobraževanja s področja zdravstvene nege lažje odločanje o primernosti posameznih načinov prikaza učnih vsebin, smo razvili prototip spletne učilnice. Na osnovi informacij o potrebah po izobraževanju smo identificirali ključne teme, za katere bomo v nadaljevanju razvili interaktivno e-učilnico za učenje na dokazih podprte zdravstvene nege.

The research capacity of nurses has been reported to be still constrained in several countries, and not fully implemented in its potentiality due to a large number of factors. Despite its relevance both for clinical and public health purposes, no summary has been compiled to date regarding factors influencing the research capacity in the Italian context. Therefore, the primary aim of this review was to identify the barriers and enablers of conducting research as perceived by Italian nurses.We conducted a systematic review. The following databases have been searched: ILISI ® (Indice della Letteratura Italiana di Scienze Infermieristiche) MEDLINE-via PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Ovid, Open Grey, Google Scopus, and Web of Science. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria.The studies were mainly descriptive, with two quasi-experimental. A total of seven barriers and four facilitators of conducting research among Italian nurses were identified. The constraints were poor English knowledge, technology and library availability and accessibility, understaffing and lack of time, nursing culture characteristics, lack of nursing leadership support, scarce funding availability, and the bureaucratic ethical committee process. The facilitators were nursing journal reading, expert research team support, university and hospital partnerships, and international cooperation.Given the small number and the high heterogeneity of the emerged studies, this systematic review provides an initial framework for the constraints that prevent, and the strategies that promote, Italian nurses' participation/conducting of research projects that could inform policies in this field.Glede na poročila so možnosti raziskovanja medicinskih sester v več državah še vedno omejene in njihov potencial zaradi številnih dejavnikov ni izkoriščen v celoti. Kljub njihovi pomembnosti za klinične namene in namene javnega zdravja doslej ni bil opravljen noben povzetek dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na možnosti raziskovanja v Italiji. Zato je bil poglavitni cilj tega pregleda opredeliti dejavnike, ki ovirajo in omogočajo izvajanje raziskav, kot jih dojemajo italijanske medicinske sestre.Opravili smo sistematični pregled. Preiskali smo naslednje podatkovne zbirke: ILISI ® (Indice della Letteratura Italiana di Scienze Infermieristiche) MEDLINE-via PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Ovid, Open Grey, Google Scopus in Web of Science. Osem študij je izpolnjevalo merila za vključitev.Študije so bile večinoma deskriptivne, dve pa sta bili kvazieksperimentalni. Opredelili smo skupaj sedem ovir in štiri dejavnike, ki omogočajo izvajanje raziskav med italijanskimi medicinskimi sestrami. Ovire so bile slabo znanje angleškega jezika, razpoložljivost in dostopnost tehnologije in knjižnice, pomanjkanje osebja in časa, značilnosti kulture zdravstvene nege, pomanjkanje podpore pri vodenju v zdravstveni negi, omejena razpoložljivost financiranja ter birokratski postopek odbora za etiko. Dejavniki, ki omogočajo izvajanje raziskav, pa so bili branje revij s področja zdravstvene nege, podpora ekip strokovnih raziskovalcev, partnerstva z univerzami in bolnišnicami ter mednarodno sodelovanje.Glede na majhno število in visoko heterogenost izvedenih študij ta sistematični pregled zagotavlja začetni okvir za ovire, ki preprečujejo, in strategije, ki spodbujajo sodelovanje italijanskih medicinskih sester ali omogočajo izvajanje raziskovalnih projektov, ki bi jih lahko uporabili kot podlago za oblikovanje politik na tem področju.

The primary aim was to describe differences, if any, between learned and practiced competences among a convenience sample of Italian and Slovenian nursing staff; the secondary aim was to validate an instrument capable of measuring internationally such competences.The distance between competences learned and those practiced as a source of under- or over-education has not been investigated to date at the international level.A explorative observational investigation was performed in 2019 by involving 426 Italian and Slovenian members of the nursing staff working in medical and surgical departments. The study was conducted according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.Members of the nursing staff (health care assistants, general nurses, specialist nurses and advanced nurses) were invited to complete the Nursing Competence Instrument based on the European Federation of Nursing Association's four categories of the nursing care continuum, from health care assistants to advanced practice nurses.The construct validity of the Nursing Competence Instrument indicated the presence of four identifiable dimensions (internal consistency ranging from 0.82 to 0.93). On average, the scores of the competences practiced were interestingly slightly higher than those learned among general care nurses. In contrast, health care assistants, specialist nurses and advanced practice nurses, reported to have learned importantly slightly lower as that practiced.At the overall levels, nurses tend to apply what they had been thought; additionally, all profiles seem to rate at low ranges both the competences practiced and those learned, suggesting the need to maximise nursing competences, both in the classroom and in the daily practice. Mapping the degree of competences acquired in education, as applied in the clinical practice, might assist clinical nurses, nurse educators and health care managers to identify areas at need of improvement. Moreover, mapping differences (if any) across countries might have research, managerial and educational implications.

In recent years, due to several health care system reforms in different countries, an increased involuntary turnover rate of Chief Nurse Executives has been reported around the World. However, no data on their perceived experience of their dismissal have been documented up to now in the European context. Describing the experience of involuntarily dismissed Chief Nurse Executives was the main aim of this interpretative phenomenological study. Data were collected through face-to-face audiotaped interviews performed by involving a purposeful sample of 13 Chief Nurse Executives; data analysis was performed by using the QSR NVIVO 11 software. The Chief Nurse Executives’ experience of Being fired is characterized by three main themes: (1) “Health Care Institutions are places influenced by political turbulences”; (2) “My competence and presence in the arena is despised by a range of strategies”; and (3) “Transiting from darkness to light”. According to their experience, the reason for dismissal was due to changes in the political climate and the introduction of a new chief executive officer; moreover, Being fired caused a deep pain similar to that experienced during bereavement. In some socio-political contexts, the political climate can influence the role of a Chief Nurse Executive: political membership, whether implicit or explicit, is considered of great value. In other contexts, the Chief Nurse Executives’ value is based on professional competences and achieved outcomes. At times of changes in the political climate, the peculiarities of the specific socio-political context should be evaluated as to whether one should anticipate his/her resignation or not.

Purpose To describe, in a sample of pediatric onco-hematological patients, the rate of occlusions in unused central venous catheters (CVC) flushed once a week with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution through a positive-pressure-valve needleless connector. Method Retrospective cohort study. Subjects aged 0–17 years were identified through a manual search in medical and nursing records and were observed for two years or until the occurrence of one of the following events: start or resume of continuous infusion; CVC removal; death. The primary study outcome was the frequency of CVC occlusion (partial or complete). Results Fifty-one patients were identified (median age 6 years). The median duration of follow-up was 169 days (IQR 111–305). During the follow up period, 14 patients (27%) had one CVC occlusion, in 2 cases (4%) the occlusion was complete, in 12 (23%) partial. All the occlusions were solved without the need for catheter removal. The lumen diameter ≤4.2 vs > 4.2 French showed a statistically significant association with occlusion at multivariate analysis (OR 4.0; 95% CI 1.1–14.7). Conclusions Our findings are reassuring with respect to the management of the CVC using the adopted protocol. The study provides useful information for patient care, by verifying the performance of the adopted CVC management protocol and by identifying critical areas for nursing care.

The firing of a nursing manager was first documented in the 80' in US.To describe the involuntary turnover according to the literature and a case-story.Literature review and interview to a key informant.The involuntary turnover is preceded by a hard time with indicators of a difficult relationships with the management; it initiates a profound crisis comparable to the loss of a significant person and feelings of failure prevail, self esteem and self confidence decrease. If the manager is fired, external help may be necessary - included psychological counseling - to overcome the traumatic experience. Before effectively facing the future, some time may be needed to deal with the loss effectively.The firing of a nursing manager is not an exception in Italy but the literature and discussion on the problem is lacking.