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4. Fast and Efficient Partner Selection in Large Agents’ Communities: When Categories Overcome Direct Experience

Author

De Meo, Pasquale, Falcone, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Demazeau, Yves, editor, Holvoet, Tom, editor, Corchado, Juan M., editor, and Costantini, Stefania, editor

Published
2020
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6. Social Recommendations: Have We Done Something Wrong?

Author

Sapienza, Alessandro, Falcone, Rino, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Demazeau, Yves, editor, Matson, Eric, editor, Corchado, Juan Manuel, editor, and De la Prieta, Fernando, editor

Published
2019
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7. Selecting Trustworthy Partners by the Means of Untrustworthy Recommenders in Digitally Empowered Societies

Author

Falcone, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Demazeau, Yves, editor, Matson, Eric, editor, Corchado, Juan Manuel, editor, and De la Prieta, Fernando, editor

Published
2019
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10. Using Sources Trustworthiness in Weather Scenarios: The Special Role of the Authority

Author

Falcone, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Esposito, Floriana, editor, Basili, Roberto, editor, Ferilli, Stefano, editor, and Lisi, Francesca A., editor

Published
2017
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11. Interactions Among Information Sources in Weather Scenarios: The Role of the Subjective Impulsivity

Author

Falcone, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Demazeau, Yves, editor, Davidsson, Paul, editor, Bajo, Javier, editor, and Vale, Zita, editor

Published
2017
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13. Which Information Sources are More Trustworthy in a Scenario of Hydrogeological Risks: A Computational Platform

Author

Falcone, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Castelfranchi, Cristiano, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Demazeau, Yves, editor, Ito, Takayuki, editor, Bajo, Javier, editor, and Escalona, Maria José, editor

Published
2016
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14. An Evolutionary Platform for Social Simulation in Case of Critical Hydrogeological Phenomena: The Authority’s Role

Author

Falcone, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Demazeau, Yves, editor, Ito, Takayuki, editor, Bajo, Javier, editor, and Escalona, Maria José, editor

Published
2016
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15. Information Sources About Hydrogeological Disasters: The Role of Trust

Author

Falcone, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Castelfranchi, Cristiano, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Rovatsos, Michael, editor, Vouros, George, editor, and Julian, Vicente, editor

Published
2016
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16. Trusting Information Sources Through their Categories

Author

Falconem, Rino, Sapienza, Alessandro, Castelfranchi, Cristiano, Goebel, Randy, Series editor, Tanaka, Yuzuru, Series editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, Series editor, Demazeau, Yves, editor, Decker, Keith S., editor, Bajo Pérez, Javier, editor, and de la Prieta, Fernando, editor

Published
2015
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19. Exploiting autonomy in a User-IoT system collaborative trust model.

Author

Sapienza, Alessandro and Falcone, Rino

Subjects
*SMART devices, *SMART cities, *USER interfaces, *INTERNET of things
Abstract

Smart devices have a significant presence in our life. Humans and artificial entities are continuously interfacing across a variety of scenarios such as smart transportation, smart healthcare, smart grid, smart city, etc. Nevertheless, there are still different critical points to be faced. Among the many, given the ever-growing potential for action, a major issue concerns the autonomy of these devices. We propose a possible solution on how IoT devices may act to get more autonomy, in relation to the specific user they interface with. Thus, we considered a possible implementation in a simulation context, showing how the proposed approach works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. There is more to attraction than meets the eye: Studying decoy‐induced attention allocation without eye tracking.

Author

Marini, Marco, Sapienza, Alessandro, and Paglieri, Fabio

Subjects
EYE tracking, SAMPLING (Process), ATTENTION, PRODUCT attributes, DECISION making
Abstract

Context effects in decision making refer to any influence on options evaluation resulting from its relational properties with other available alternatives. Over the last 40 years, a large corpus of research showed that decision makers are sensitive to irrelevant options and tend to modify their preferences depending on choice architecture. The attraction effect is a well‐known example of context effect, which describes an increase in preferences for an option when a dominated alternative is inserted in the choice set. Sequential sampling models (SSM) interpret decision biases as the result of a dynamic comparative process between the available options that alters subjective values attribution. Recently, SSM received empirical support from eye‐tracking studies that documented a decoy‐dependent allocation of attention. In this study, we integrate previous process‐tracing results using a new hidden‐attribute protocol, in which decision makers have to explore products' attributes, keep in mind their values, and deliberately compare the options. This new methodology allows this study to offer additional evidence on the role of decoys in the dynamic process of choice. In a consumer‐choice task, the addition of an asymmetrically dominated decoy first focused the attention on the target during attributes exploration, which in turn led to an increase in the dominant option preferences at the choice stage. This suggests that adding irrelevant options affects the information sampling procedures, insofar as the comparative process is influenced by the dominance relationship of the alternatives. These results are consistent with past eye‐tracking studies and verify previous connectionist theories of the attraction effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. An agent-based model to assess citizens' acceptance of COVID-19 restrictions.

Author

Falcone, Rino and Sapienza, Alessandro

Abstract

Italy was the first European state affected by COVID-19. Despite many uncertainties, citizens chose to trust the authorities and their trust was pivotal. This research aims to investigate the contribution of Italian citizens' trust in Public Institutions and how it influenced the acceptance of the necessary counter measures. Applying linear regression to a dataset of 4260 Italian respondents, we modelled trust from its main cognitive components, with particular reference to competence and willingness. Therefore, exploiting agent-based modelling, we investigated how these components affected trust and how trust evolution influences the acceptance of these restrictive measures. Our analysis confirms the key role of competence and willingness as cognitive components of trust. Results also suggest that a generic attempt to raise the average trust, besides being challenging, may not be the best strategy to increase compliance. Furthermore, reasoning at category level is a fundamental to identify the best components on which to invest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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39. Modelling the mind: studying the decisional processes by the means of trust on information sources

Author

Sapienza, Alessandro

Subjects
Area 01 - Scienze matematiche e informatiche, trust, social simulation, information source, agents, agent modeling
Abstract

In every moment, the events that happen in our life put us in the condition to make a decision. Maybe this decision could refer to a not so much relevant task, so that it is relatively easy to decide, probably because each possible choice has not a great impact on our life: we are not going to take a risk (or there is a low level of risk), there is not a heavy possible lose that threatens us. But there can be situations in which the choice we take can seriously have a great impact, and then require a bigger cognitive effort. Sometimes we have to take into account a risk factor; there could be the possibility to lose material goods or even to compromise our health itself. What to do in these risky situations? As it is easy to understand, in these situations the decisional process becomes heavier; identifying a correct choice or at least the best one is a critical task. In order to make a decision, it is necessary a proper quantity of knowledge. The first thing to do is quite obvious: we try to use the knowledge we already have, using the one that represents our basic beliefs, the knowledge that we have about the world in which we live. It has been built and consolidated in time and it is available each time we need it. However, in many case our own knowledge is not enough for the task that we have to face in the real world. For instance we could have the necessity to make a decision in a context in which we are not competent, or maybe we do not have the possibility to evaluate properly the situation. Maybe we could find our self in a dynamic system, in which it is not so easy to make a forecast of how it will change. Therefore in many situations that occur in our daily life it is necessary to ask someone/something else, to use knowledge that comes from external sources. However when we try to use information coming from an external source, we get into some complicated dynamic: it rises up some problems that it is necessary to face. In this study we intend to understand which are the methodologies that allow using effectively external information sources for our internal decisional processes, with the aim of identifying a choice between a series of alternatives. In particular, we propose the use of the concept of trust applied to the information sources. In order to do so, we first developed a theory about trust on information sources, starting from the classical model of trust already proposed in literature. The one of trust is the key concept that allows us to use information sources. Thanks to it, we are able to consider differently each source, understanding which are more trustworthy and then can be taken into account while reasoning and those which are not enough trustworthy that has to be treated differently (at least, they must have a lighter weight). Then trust becomes a weight to use towards information sources. Then, by the means of simulative technologies we studied the practical aspect of this theory, applying these computational models to practical context. This allowed us to identify some interesting aspect both from the theoretical level and the practical level.

Published
2017

45. Trusting COVID-19 vaccines as individual and social goal

Author

Rino Falcone, Alessandro Ansani, Elisa Colì, Marco Marini, Alessandro Sapienza, Cristiano Castelfranchi, Fabio Paglieri, Falcone, Rino, Ansani, Alessandro, Colì, Elisa, Marini, Marco, Sapienza, Alessandro, Castelfranchi, Cristiano, and Paglieri, Fabio

Subjects
Motivation, Vaccines, Multidisciplinary, COVID-19 Vaccines, Pandemic, COVID-19 Vaccine, Vaccination, COVID-19, Trust, Goal, Humans, Goals, Pandemics, Human
Abstract

Trust in vaccines and in the institutions responsible for their management is a key asset in the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic. By means of a structured multi-scales survey based on the socio-cognitive model of trust, this study investigates the interplay of institutional trust, confidence in COVID-19 vaccines, information habits, personal motivations, and background beliefs on the pandemic in determining willingness to vaccinate in a sample of Italian respondents (N = 4096). We observe substantial trust in public institutions and a strong vaccination intention. Theory-driven structural equation analysis revealed what factors act as important predictors of willingness to vaccinate: trust in vaccine manufacturers (which in turn is supported by trust in regulators), collectivist goals, self-perceived knowledgeability, reliance on traditional media for information gathering, and trust in institutional and scientific sources. In contrast, vaccine hesitancy, while confined to a minority, is more prominent in less educated and less affluent respondents. These findings can inform institutional decisions on vaccine communication and vaccination campaigns.

Published
2021

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