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1. Assessment of burnout syndrome and associated factors among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Sofía Jezzini-Martinez, Javier Humberto Martinez-Garza, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Xavier Gerardo Quiroz-Perales, Lourdes Gil-Flores, David de la Fuente-Villarreal, Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Katia Guzman-Avilan, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Omaña, and Santos Guzman-Lopez

Subjects
Burnout syndrome, Medical students, Emotional exhaustion, Academic efficacy, Covid-19 pandemic, Mental healing, RZ400-408
Abstract

Background: Overwhelming requirements, a high degree of work, and prolonged exposure to emotionally demanding circumstances in work and life settings can lead to burnout syndrome. The purpose of the study is to assess burnout syndrome and its associated factors among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive study was conducted in a Mexican medical school during the last week of the spring semester of 2021 using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) and an associated factors survey.Results: Based on the MBI-SS definition, most students (54.2%, n = 332) had burnout symptoms and high emotional exhaustion (79.6%, n = 448), high cynicism (57.3%, n = 351), and low academic effectiveness (36.4%, n = 223). After adjusting the associated factors, a significant correlation between the school year and the presence of burnout was identified (OR 1.127, 95% CI [1.023–1.241], p

Published
2023
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2. Willingness toward donation in Mexico and the influence of personality

Author

Daniela C Gonzalez-Cruz, Rodrigo E Elizondo Omaña, Alejandro Quiroga Garza, Javier H Martinez Garza, David de la Fuente Villarreal, Oscar de la Garza Castro, Katia Guzman Avilan, Jorge Gutierrez de la O, and Santos Guzman Lopez

Subjects
Ecology, General Chemical Engineering, General Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geology, General Chemistry, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Urban Studies, Fuel Technology, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Architecture, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Economic Geology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Organ and body donation are key elements in health sciences. This study examines the perception of the population toward organ and body donation and how it may be influenced by personality traits. A cross-sectional study was designed, in which a questionnaire including items of demographic data and attitudes toward organ and body donation were distributed among the general population. A validated questionnaire for the screening of personality disorders was applied as well. 202 questionnaires were obtained, 76 (37.6%) from men and 126 (62.4%) from women. A total of 95.2% of women and 93.4% of men responded to be in favor of organ donation (p>0.05). However, only 40.3 % of women and 37.8% of men were in favor of body donation. Sixty-eight percent of participants had a probable personality disorder. Of those against body donation, 67% had a probable personality disorder. Body donation is not a well-known option among the Mexican population. However, for a program to be feasible, it is necessary to raise public awareness regarding donation and its implications to achieve greater engagement.

Published
2023
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3. A review of the importance of research in Anatomy, an evidence-based science

Author

Mariana Tapia-Nañez, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Francisco D Guerrero-Mendivil, Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Guillermo Jacobo-Baca, David de la Fuente-Villarreal, Santos Guzman-Lopez, and Rodrigo E Elizondo-Omaña

Subjects
Anatomy
Abstract

Considered an absolute unchanging truth, and not research-led, human anatomy has been subject to a steady decline in course hours and funding. However, this is a misconstruction, as anatomy plays an important role in the clinical and surgical field, with the need of evidencebased data, more so now than ever. Research in anatomy not only establishes an evolutionary and functional database with variability between populations, sex, and age, but develops the tools needed for patient safety, development of prostheses, technology and surgical materials, improves interpretation of imaging studies, and provides evidence of clinical and anatomical implications. Evidence-based education is an exponentially growing field in anatomical sciences, providing the best evidence for technological and pedagogical strategies integrated in the classroom and laboratory. The gold-standard cadaveric dissections are currently only one of the wide range of educational resources available, with imaging studies and clinical scenarios playing an important role. Anatomy research needs to be continued, evolving with the generations the availability of new resources and the demands of the field. This review breaks down the available data, recommendations, and guidelines, as well as the importance behind the continuing research in anatomical sciences.

Published
2022
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5. In Vivo Models for the Study of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: A Review

Author

Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Adolfo Soto-Dominguez, Arnulfo Villanueva-Olivo, Roberto Montes-de-Oca-Luna, Sandra Sabrina Rojo-Garza, Guillermo Jacobo-Baca, Santos Guzman-Lopez, and Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Omaña

Subjects
Surgery
Abstract

Hyaluronic acid (HA) filler application is one of the most frequent minimally invasive aesthetic procedures used worldwide. Its properties and characterization, performance, effects in other tissues, and response to complication treatments have been studied in several animal models. This review aims to categorize animal models considering the advantages and disadvantages regarding the purpose of the study.Literature research was made using MEDLINE via PubMed by two reviewers using keywords "hyaluronic acid" "filler" and "animal model". Full-text articles published in English and with an in vivo animal model were included for data extraction.The rat model was the most common animal used to evaluate properties or characteristics and degradation of HA fillers. Rabbits were preferred for evaluating HA embolism treatments; however, anatomical names of the arteries differ in some studies. Mice and rats used as vascular occlusion model are challenging due to the size of the vessels and viscosity of the filler.There is a wide variability of options of in vivo animal models to evaluate HA fillers. The animal characteristics, laboratory resources, and HA properties should be considered in accordance with the objective of the study, when choosing the ideal model.This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Published
2023
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6. Payment with knowledge: A method for a training of anatomy near-peer teachers and formation of future anatomists

Author

Francisco Daniel Guerrero‐Mendivil, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo‐Omaña, Guillermo Jacobo‐Baca, Xavier Gerardo Quiroz‐Perales, Yolanda Salinas‐Alvarez, Javier Humberto Martinez‐Garza, David de la Fuente‐Villarreal, Alejandro Quiroga‐Garza, and Santos Guzman‐Lopez

Subjects
Embryology, Histology, General Medicine, Anatomy
Abstract

Near-peer teaching has been widely implemented in medical schools and the benefits for the near-peer teachers (NPTs), the students, and the institution have been well documented. However, NPTs training methods and perceptions of such have been limited. A four-year clinical anatomy and surgical training program was established (est. 2019) as part of the continuous training timeline for NPTs (n 60 total) formation at the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, in Mexico. The program provides various training courses for the NPTs according to their hierarchy, including teaching skills, professional development, psychosocial aspects, and career objectives. A "Clinical Anatomy and Surgical Training Diploma" was planned with twelve modules to aid in developing of these abilities, along with a higher understanding of clinical anatomy shared by expert clinical specialists, and diverse clinical and surgical skills such as suturing, catheterization, and basic surgical procedures. The program has a completion rate of approximately 15 NPTs/year. All, while creating an environment with a sense of belonging, and facilitating mentorship between fellow NPTs and educators. Near-peer teachers develop leadership, communication, and teaching skills. The program has provided a constant source of anatomy educators, avoiding any shortage.

Published
2022

7. Anatomy of the buccal fat pad for structures at risk during bichatectomy

Author

Andrea Moreno-Salinas, José Luis Treviño-González, Claudio A Casas-Murillo, Kouatzin Aguilar-Morales, Ricardo Pinales-Razo, Miguel De La Parra-Marquez, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Omaña, Santos Guzman-Lopez, and Alejandro Quiroga-Garza

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the volume of the buccal fat pad (BFP), and its relationship with the upper 2nd molar and the facial artery (FA). Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study. Computed tomography was used to obtain 3D images to determine volume, length, and width. Distances from the 2nd molar to each extension, and the nearest distance to the FA. Results: A total of 106 BFP (70 male) were included. The mean age was 51±21. The mean volume, length, and width were 13.8±5.4mL, 72.9±10.7mm, and 21.4±5.6mm, respectively. The BFP extends mainly cephalic and caudally from the second molar, reaching upto 8.5 cm and 32mL. The mean distance between the second molar and FA was 12.9mm, but as close as 3mm. The FA had a mean distance of 2.1mm to the nearest BFP extension, with 42.5% in intimate contact, and another 9.4% crossing the center of the masseter extension. There were no statistically significant differences between sexes. Conclusions: The BFP has a dynamic shape with highly variable size and volume. Although removed for cosmetic procedures or reconstructive purposes, the FA is often at risk of damage during procedures due to its proximity. Procedures must be performed by highly trained medical professionals with anatomical knowledge of its morphometry and variability.

Published
2022
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8. Research barriers in the Global South: Mexico

Author

Alejandro, Quiroga-Garza, Andrea N, Garza-Cisneros, Rodrigo E, Elizondo-Omaña, Jose F, Vilchez-Cavazos, Roberto Montes, de-Oca-Luna, Eliud, Villarreal-Silva, Santos, Guzman-Lopez, and Jose G, Gonzalez-Gonzalez

Subjects
Biomedical Research, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Humans, Mexico
Published
2022
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14. Trendelenburg (Head-Down tilt) and head rotation: Ultrasonographic effects on the internal jugular vein for catheterization safety

Author

Yenitzeh Ana Karen Hernández‐Garate, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo‐Omaña, Claudio Alberto Casas‐Murillo, Raúl Antonio de Luna‐Vega, Guillermo Elizondo‐Riojas, Yolanda Salinas‐Alvarez, Bernardo Alfonso Fernandez‐Rodarte, Santos Guzman‐Lopez, and Alejandro Quiroga‐Garza

Subjects
Adult, Male, Catheterization, Central Venous, Histology, General Medicine, Head-Down Tilt, Young Adult, Supine Position, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Anatomy, Jugular Veins, Ultrasonography
Abstract

Most guidelines fail to specify patient positioning during central venous catheterization. The objective was to determine the effects of head-down tilt (Trendelenburg position) and head rotation on the internal jugular vein (IJV). A prospective, observational, longitudinal, and descriptive study using healthy adult volunteers, of both sexes, was performed. The change in position and cross-sectional areas (CSA) of the right IJV and common carotid artery (CA) were measured by ultrasonography during Trendelenburg position (TP) (0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°) and contralateral head-rotation (HR) (0°, 45°, and 90°) for a total of 12 positions. The neutral supine position was first, randomizing the other 11 positions, with 5-min rest intervals in between. Vital signs and symptoms were recorded. A total of 54 volunteers were recruited between the ages of 21 and 32, of which 30 were men. Any degree of TP or HR significantly increased the CSA. The largest area obtained was 1.78 cm

Published
2022

15. Umbilical Hernia - The Neglected Pathology

Author

Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Luis Adrian Alvarez-Lozada, Francisco J Arrambide Garza, Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Bernardo A Fernandez-Rodarte, David de la Fuente-Villarreal, Rodrigo E Elizondo-Omaña, and Santos Guzman-Lopez

Subjects
Surgery
Published
2023
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16. Burnout Among First-Year Medical Students During COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico: A Cross-sectional Study

Author

Sofía Jezzini-Martinez, Javier Humberto Martinez-Garza, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Pablo Patricio Zarate-Garza, Guillermo Jacobo-Baca, Jorge Gutierrez-De la O, David De la Fuente-Villarreal, Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Omaña, and Santos Guzman-Lopez

Subjects
education
Abstract

Background: The coronavirus pandemic is an international public health emergency without precedence in modern history. It represents a challenge to the academic and psychological stability of students due to the changes it can cause in daily life. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and level of burnout in medical students caused by the academic and psychological instability that the pandemic represents. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was designed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). This evaluated the emotional exhaustion due to study demands, cynicism, and negative self-academic efficacy. This study was based in the school of medicine of the Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), in Monterrey, Mexico during the Spring semester 2020. Results: A total of 154 (93 women and 61 men) first-year medical students participated (response rate 36.4%). Burnout was identified in 14.9% (n=23), and high emotional exhaustion in 53.9% (n=83). Burnout was almost 4 times more likely to develop in men than in women (aOR = 4.8; 95% Confidence Interval=1.7-13.3) when considering age as a covariable in the multivariable model. Conclusion: Further epidemiological studies of burnout syndrome in medical students are needed, and schools should consider promoting mental health and making programs available for their students to help overcome the emotional and social challenges during the pandemic.

Published
2022
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17. Gynecological influencing factors on the rectovaginal septum's morphology

Author

María Alejandra, Rodríguez-Abarca, Edgar Guillermo, Hernández-Grimaldo, David, De la Fuente-Villarreal, Guillermo, Jacobo-Baca, Alejandro, Quiroga-Garza, Ricardo, Pinales-Razo, Rodrigo Enrique, Elizondo-Omaña, and Santos, Guzman-Lopez

Subjects
Adult, Parity, Young Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adolescent, Cesarean Section, Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Delivery, Obstetric, Mexico, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

The objective was to determine the mean morphometric characteristics of the rectovaginal septum (RVS) and its variations in correlation with the number of pregnancies, method of delivery, parity, and estrogenic exposure.An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive, and comparative study was carried out. Pelvic MRI of Hispanic women (≥15 years of age) from the northeast of Mexico were obtained. Age and obstetric and gynecological history were registered and the sample women were categorized by their variables. Length and thickness measurements were standardized.A total of 102 MRI studies were included, with a mean age of 41; 24.5% were nulligravida, the rest primi- or multigravida. Vaginal delivery was the most common type (49.35%), 16.88% had a cesarean section, and 31.17% had mixed delivery. 74.5% of the women were premenopausal. The mean RVS length was 73.2 ± 15.3 mm, with a thickness of 2.8 ± 1.7, 2.2 ± 1.2, and 2.5 ± 1.3 mm for the upper, middle, and lower thirds respectively. There were tendencies to increase the length of the RVS, and the thickness of the upper and middle thirds in the non-pregnancy and the at-least-one-pregnancy groups; to increase the length and middle-third thickness in those with mixed delivery, and increased upper- and lower-third thickness in those with only a cesarean section. Multiparous women with vaginal delivery had significantly longer and thicker RVS than primiparous. Premenopausal women had significantly longer RVS with a tendency to lose thickness toward postmenopause.The morphology of RVS can be modified by different factors such as age, number of pregnancies, number of births, and estrogenic exposure. This structure should be evaluated and taken into account in preoperative management and surgical technique planning.

Published
2020

18. Willingness toward organ and body donation among anatomy professors and students in Mexico

Author

Alejandro, Quiroga-Garza, Cynthia Guadalupe, Reyes-Hernández, Pablo Patricio, Zarate-Garza, Claudia Nallely, Esparza-Hernández, Jorge, Gutierrez-de la O, David, de la Fuente-Villarreal, Rodrigo Enrique, Elizondo-Omaña, and Santos, Guzman-Lopez

Subjects
Adult, Male, Faculty, Medical, Students, Medical, Tissue and Organ Procurement, Adolescent, Dissection, Altruism, Young Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Cadaver, Humans, Anatomists, Female, Prospective Studies, Anatomy, Mexico, Schools, Medical, Education, Medical, Undergraduate
Abstract

Most anatomists agree that cadaver dissection serves as a superior teaching tool in human anatomy education. However, attitudes toward body donation vary widely between different individuals. A questionnaire was developed to determine the attitudes toward body and organ donation among those who learn the most from cadavers: medical students, medical student teaching assistants, medical students involved in research, and anatomy professors. A cross-sectional, prospective study was designed in which the questionnaire was distributed among first-year human anatomy students before undertaking cadaver dissection at the beginning of the semester, and then again after a commemoration service at the end of the course. The questionnaire items included demographic data, as well as questions designed to characterize participants' attitudes regarding body/organ donation from strangers, family members, and whether participants would consider such practices with their own bodies. Out of a total of 517 students enrolled in the Human Anatomy course in the Medical School at the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Mexico during January to June 2016, 95% responded to the first (491) and second (490) surveys. Participants' opinions on their own organ donation was similar before and after exposure to cadaver dissection, with between 87% and 81% in favor of such practices, and only 3% against it, in both surveys. Participants' willingness to donate their own bodies, as well as those of family members, increased, while reluctance regarding such practices decreased by half (P 0.0001 and P 0.05). Professors had the highest rates of positive opinions regarding their own body donation (74.9%), with 18.8% undecided. Low opposition toward organ and body donation remains prevalent among both anatomists and physicians in training in Mexico. Anat Sci Educ 10: 589-597. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.

Published
2016

19. Poster presentations

Author

Funda Aksu, Hakan Topacoglu, Candan Arman, Aytul Atac, Suleyman Tetik, Aida Hasanovic, Amela Kulenovic, Zakira Mornjakovic, Branko Pikula, Aida Sarac-Hadzihalilovic, Alma Voljevica, Belgin Bamac, Tuncay Colak, Murat Alemdar, Gulmine Dundar, Macit Selekler, Ozgur Dincer, Enis Colak, Aydin Ozbek, Cenk Kilic, Kivanc Kamburoglu, Tuncer Ozen, Vatan Kavak, Yalcin Kirici, Emin Oztas, Handan Altinkaya Soysal, Erdogan Unur, Nihat Ekinci, Omur Karaca, Olga Malakhova, Murat Kocaoglu, Serdar Toker, Figen Taser, Volkan Kilincoglu, Mustafa Fahri Yurtgun, Cannur Dalcik, Ali Zeybek, Marc Baroncini, Johann Peltier, Patrice Jissendi, Jean-Pierre Pruvo, Jean-Paul Francke, Vincent Prevot, Rengin Kosif, Yasin Arifoglu, Murat Diramali, Mustafa Sarsilmaz, Evren Kose, Murat Ogeturk, Burhan Akpinar, Ilter Kus, Sedat Meydan, Alev Kara, Zeliha Kurtoglu, Ibrahim Tekdemir, Alaittin Elhan, Orhan Bas, Ersan Odaci, Hakan Mollaoglu, Kagan Ucok, Suleyman Kaplan, Mehmet Senoglu, Vedat Nacitarhan, Ergul Belge Kurutas, Nimet Senoglu, Idris Altun, Yalcin Atli, Davut Ozbag, Sacide Karakas, M. Dincer Bilgin, Ayfer Metin Tellioglu, Sercin Ozlem, Betul Akcanal, Yuksel Yildiz, Hakki Gunes, Hayrullah Kose, Ibrahim Uzum, Umit Naci Gundogmus, Cigdem Caglayan, Velichka Pavlova, Mashenka Dimitrova, Lilia Georgieva, Elena Nikolova, Deniz Uzmansel, Nail Can Ozturk, Canan Yurttas Saylam, Erkin Ozgiray, Mustafa Orhan, Sedat Cagli, Mehmet Zileli, Derya Ozkan, Taylan Akkaya, Ayhan Comert, Nilgun Balikci, Esra Ozdemir, Haluk Gumus, Zafer Ergul, Oskay Kaya, Serdar Altun, R. Erkin Unlu, Hakan Orbay, Deog-Im Kim, Seung-Ho Han, Yi-Suk Kim, Ho-Jeong Kim, Kyu-Seok Lee, Omur Elcioglu, Hilmi Ozden, Gul Guven, Nurcan Imre, Bulent Yalcin, Hasan Ozan, Pinar Akyer, Mustafa Guvencer, Vasfi Karatosun, Mandeep Gill Sagoo, Rachel Claire Aland, Derya Ustuner, M. Cengiz Ustuner, Jafar Ai, Seyed Reza Ghazi, Seyed Hadi Mansouri, Mehmet Cudi Tuncer, Mehmet Ufuk Aluclu, Ozlen Karabulut, Eyup Savas Hatipoglu, Hasan Nazaroglu, Cigdem Icke, Emrah Akbay, Turkan Gunay, Suleyman Icke, Selda Yildiz, Fatih Yazar, Barcin Orhan Barlas, Delia Elena Zahoi, Ahmet Kavakli, Ufuk Tas, Durrin Ozlem Dabak, Hilal Irmak Sapmaz, Necdet Kocabiyik, Cenk Murat Ozer, Ayhan Ozcan, Levent Elevli, Kadir Desdicioglu, Ibrahim Alanbay, Figen Govsa, Canan Y. Saylam, Ilgaz Akdogan, Yilmaz Kiroglu, Sule Onur, Emine Hilal Evcil, Neslihan Cankara, Mehmet Ali Malas, M. Tayyar Kalcioglu, Serdar Duman, Tufan Ulcay, Ahmet Uzun, Zulfu Karabulut, Cagatay Barut, Ozdemir Sevinc, Gamze Yurdakan, Dundar Kacar, Ali Riza Erdogan, Hulyam Kurt, Bunyamin Demir, Mustafa Saltan, Dilek Burukoglu, Mehmet Cengiz Ustuner, Irfan Degirmenci, Aliriza Erdogan, Ozlem Damar, Merih Is, Gokhan Bayramoglu, Sahin Kabay, Onur Uysal, Hakan Senturk, Aysegul Bayramoglu, Cansu Ozbayar, Ali Kutlu, Mediha Canbek, Salih Cenap Cevli, Oguz Hancerlioglu, Mustafa Koplay, Elif Aksakalli, Fatih Dikici, Aysin Kale, Ozcan Gayretli, Ilke Ali Gurses, Senem Turan Ozdemir, Ilker Ercan, Emel Bulbul Baskan, Mediha Yilmaz, Guven Ozkaya, Hayriye Saricaoglu, Mete Erturk, Gulgun Kayalioglu, Mehmet Uzel, Guler Kahraman, Ercan Tanyeli, Ali Ihsan Soyluoglu, Orhan Tacar, Ayda Demirant, Murat Bilgin, Aziz Karadede, Ayfer Aktas, E. Hilal Evcil, Esra Koyuncu, Osman Sulak, Soner Albay, Gulnur Ozguner, Ahmet Ozbek, Elvan Ozbek, A. Hakan Ozturk, Tuba Demirci, Engin Ciftcioglu, Mehmet Tevfik Demir, Cem Kopuz, Esra Eroglu, Semin Gedikli, Hamit Ozyurek, Mehmet Selim Nural, Lutfi Incesu, Gonul Ogur, Engin Kara, Baris Celebi, Altan Yildiz, B. Zuhal Altunkaynak, Samet Vasfi Kuvat, Suleyman Murat Tagil, Cumhur Ertekin, Hilmi Uysal, Fikret Bademkiran, Nural Albayrak, Ali Firat Esmer, Nigar Keles Coskun, Muzaffer Sindel, Ferah Kizilay, Sevket Yalin, Nevin Karapinar, Mehmet Tokdemir, Lokman Karakurt, Levent Tumkaya, Adnan Korkmaz, Bulent Ayas, Nusret Ciftci, Yuksel Terzi, Ozlem Baran, Yusuf Nergiz, Murat Akkus, Ufuk Aluclu, Askin Ender Topal, Dilek Yuksel, Halil Ibrahim Acar, Simel Kendir, Emre Hekimoglu, Deniz Basman, Sunay Duman, Baris Ozener, Can Pelin, Ragiba Zagyapan, Ayla Kurkcuoglu, Mustafa Koc, Meral Erdinc, Levent Erdinc, Ilker Kelle, Enver Sancakdar, Nil Cetin, Selcuk Tunik, Ayse Yildirim, Iskender Kaplanoglu, Ercan Ayaz, Necip Ilhan, Mehmet Okumus, Kasim Zafer Yuksel, Harun Ciralik, Zeki Yilmaz, Yakup Gumusalan, Mehmet Gamsizkan, Mustafa Kazkayasi, Nadire Unver Dogan, Ismihan Ilknur Uysal, Aylin Karalezli, Zeliha Fazliogullari, Mustafa Buyukmumcu, Mehmet Cem Bozkurt, Aynur Emine Cicekcibasi, Deniz Demiryurek, M. Hakan Ozsoy, Alp Bayramoglu, Eray Tuccar, Ozlem Pamukcu Baran, Sevda Soker, Selen Bahceci, Yasemin Nasir, Mehmet Tugrul Yilmaz, Emine Aynur Cicekcibasi, Mahinur Ulusoy, Pervin Gunaslan, Nuray Bilge, Muzaffer Akkaya, Abdurrahman Genc, Sezer Akcer, Yucel Gonul, Emine Cosar, Gulengul Koken, Ilknur Ari, Sinan Bakirci, Ilker Mustafa Kafa, Murat Uysal, Ahmet Kagan Karabulut, Bahar Keles, Dilek Emlik, Yavuz Uyar, Kayhan Ozturk, Neslihan Altuntas Yilmaz, Ahmet Salbacak, Burkay Kutluhan Kacira, Mehmet Arazi, Serafettin Demirci, Demet Kiresi, Serter Gumus, Muzaffer Seker, Mehmet Uyar, Mohammad Ebrahim Astaneh, Alireza Khorshid, Ramazan Uygur, Ahmet Songur, Osman Fikret Sonmez, Kamil Hakan Dogan, Giray Kolcu, Madalina Iliescu, Petru Bordei, Dan Iliescu, Camelia Ciobotaru, Viorel Lucescu, Anatoli Covaleov, Constantin Ionescu, Miguel Guirao, E. Páramo, R. Mutuberria, I. Sánchez-Montesinos, O. Roda, F. Girón, Miguel Lopez-Soler, Olga Roda, Raúl Campos-López, Miguel Guirao-Piñeiro, Maria Teresa Pascual-Morenilla, Indalecio Sanchez-Montesinos, Maria Teresa Pascual, I. Garzon, D. Serrato, R. Nieto-Aguilar, I. Sanchez-Montesinos, M. Sanchez-Quevedo, M. Bulent Ozdemir, R. Hakan Ozean, Dilek Bagdatli, Esat Adiguzel, Zumrut Dogan, Ozlem Aycan, Nigar Vardi, Haldun Sukru Erkal, Hakan Ozturk, S. Mocanu, C. Stefanescu, A. Ionescu, Raluca Talpes, Elena Sapte, Constantin Dina, Loredana Surdu, Ionut Bulbuc, M. T. Medina, J. Medina, M. López-Soler, Carlos Martin-Oviedo, Alejandro Lowy-Benoliel, Eva Maranillo, Tomas Martinez-Guirado, Jose Sañudo, Bartolome Scola, Teresa Vazquez, L. A. Arráez-Aybar, J. L. Conejo-Menor, C. C. Gonzáles-Gómez, A. J. Torres-García, Hisayo Nasu, Shoji Chiba, M. Gutierrez-Semillera, Yahya Paksoy, Ahmet Kalaycioglu, Mehmet Yildirim, Ali Ozyasar, Omer Ozdogmus, Yusuf Ozgur Cakmak, Ural Verimli, Safiye Cavdar, Begum Yildizhan, Z. Asli Aktan Ikiz, Hulya Ucerler, Zuhal Ozgur, Seher Yilmaz, Abdullah Demirtas, Ertugrul Mavili, Mehtap Hacialiogullari, Hatice Susar, Seda Arslan, Kenan Aycan, Vecihi Ozkaya, Mara Pilmane, Sarmite Boka, Gursel Ortug, Carlos Ramirez, Aran Pascual-Font, Francisco Valderrama-Canales, Abdulah Kucukalic, Eldan Kapur, Elvira Talovic, Vaclav Baca, Robert Grill, Zdenek Horak, David Kachlik, Valer Dzupa, Marek Konarik, Jakub Knize, Petr Veleminsky, Tereza Smrzova, Michal Otcenasek, Jana Chmelova, Michal Kheck, Tomas Cupka, Lukas Hnatek, Floris van der Meijs, Pavel Cech, Vladimir Musil, H. Mustafa Ozkan, S. Kivanc Muratli, Hamid Tayefi, Ipek Ergur, Amac Kiray, Muhsin Toktas, Ozan Alkoc, Tolgahan Acar, Ibrahim Uzun, Oguz Asian Ozen, Abdullah Aycicek, Ozan Alper Alkoc, Mehmet Unlu, Ufuk Corumlu, Ihsaniye Coskun Ikiz, I. Hakan Oygucu, Erdogan Sendemir, Tuncay Kaner, Veli Caglar, Olcay Eser, Mehmet T. Demir, Omer Iyigun, Gokhan Pirzirenli, Ahmet Hilmi Kaya, Mennan Ece Aydin, Fahrettin Celik, Hakan True, Sevket Ozkaya, Bekir Ugur Ergur, Gulsah Zeybek, Kadir Bacakoglu, Mina Tadjalli, Aghdas Poostpasand, Seid Hadi Mansouiri, Ozra Allahvaisi, Jafar Soleimanirad, Bahram Nikkhoo, Yasukazu Nagato, Yasuo Haruki, Komazo Yazawa, Tutomu Okazaki, Munetaka Haida, Yutaka Imai, Thmineh Peirouvi, Mehrzad Mahzad-Sadaghiani, Farahnaz Noroozinia, Salami Siamak, Gholamhosseine Farjah, Sima Mola, Ewa Biegaj, Tymon Skadorwa, Konrad Pawlewicz, Robert Kapolka, Agata Chachulska, Joanna Zabicka, Aleksandra Krasowska, Alicja Prusik, Grzegorz Jaczewski, Adam Kolesnik, M. Mohsen Taghavi, S. Hasan Alavi, S. Adel Moallem, Zahed Safikhani, Marzieh Panahi, Shahriar Dabiri, Majid Asadi Shekaari, Rafael Latorre, Federico Soria, Octavio Lopez-Albors, Ricardo Sarria, Inacio Ayala, Inma Serrano, Enrique Perez-Cuadrado, Vladimir Musienko, Dmitry Tkachenko, Neriman Colakoglu, Murat Abdulgani Kus, Mahdi Jalali, Mohammad Reza Nikravesh, Abbas Ali Moeen, Mohammad Hassan Karimfar, Houshang Rafighdoost, Shabnam Mohammadi, Marina Korneeva, Houshang Rafighdoust, Kvetuse Lovasova, Adriana Bolekova, Darina Kluchova, Igor Sulla, Marina Yurievna Kapitonova, Syed Baharom Syed Ahmad Fuad, Flossie Jayakaran, Ali Reza Shams, Fereshteh Aghaee, Zohreh Baqer, Mohamad Faroki, Srijit Das, Normadiah Kassim, Azian Latiff, Frihah Suhaimi, Norzana Ghafar, Khin Pa Pa Hlaing, Israa Maatoq, Faizah Othman, Muge Kiray, Husnu Alper Bagriyanik, Cetin Pekcetin, Candan Ozogul, Mustafa Fidan, Farihah Suhaimi, Fei Sun, Francisco Sanchez-Margallo, Francisco Gil, Verónica Crisostomo, Jesus Uson, Gegorio Ramirez, Ozan Turamanlar, Oguz Kirpiko, Alpay Haktanir, Salvador Climent, Sergio Losilla, Maria Climent, Levent Sarikcioglu, Yesim Senol, Fatos B. Yildirim, Arzu Utuk, Jacek Kunicki, Parichehr Pasbakhsh, Negar Omidi, Hamed Omidi, Fatemeh Dehghani Nazhvani, Seyed Razi Ghalebi, Nima Javan, Akrami Mohagery, Ali Reza Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan, Mohammad Mehdi Hassanzadeh Taheri, Ali Reza Fazel, Cesare Tiengo, Veronica Macchi, Carla Stecco, Andrea Porzionato, Franco Mazzoleni, Raffaele De Caro, Alberto Clemente, Aldo Morra, Pietro Greco, Piero Pavan, Arturo Natali, Mehmet Demir, Mehmet Dokur, Niyazi Acer, Ayfer Mavi, Niki Matveeva, Dobrila Lazarova, Kostandina Korneti, Svetlana Jovevska, Dragica Jurkovik, Meri Papazova, Masoumeh Havasi, Naeim Alboghobeish, Ahmad Savari, Negin Salamat, Mozafar Sharifi, Hyun-Ho Kwak, Kyung-Seok Hu, Gyoo-Cheon Kim, Bong-Soo Park, Hee-Jin Kim, Ahmet Sinav, Adarsh K. Gulati, Nidhi K. Gulati, Hussien Alshammary, Seifollah Dehghani Nazhvani, Amir Vafafar, Tahereh Esmaeilpour, Soghra Bahmanpour, Leila Elyasi, Ahmad Monabbati, M. Ghanadi, Mohammad Reza Paryani, Hassan Gilanpour, Banino Amirsam, Rodrigo Elizondo Omaña, Santos Guzmán López, Oscar De la Garza Castro, Edgar Urrutia Vega, Santos Guzman Lopez, Freshteh Talebpour, Rahim Golmohammadi, Golamreza Dashti, Mohammad Ali Atlasi, Mehdi Mehdizadeh, Mohammad Hadi Bahadori, Mohammad Taghi Joghataei, Leili Hatami, Mandana Beigi Boroujeni, Jasem Estakhr, Ebrahim Esfandiary, Mohsen Marzban, Mehrdad Bakhtiary, Navid Modiry, Mokhtar Jafarpur, Hassan Mofidpur, S. Hassan Alavi, Alareza Mahmoudian, Mohmmad Mohsen Taghavi, Mokhtar Jafarpour, Ali Reza Mahmoudian, Nasrin Sanjarmousavi, Ines Doassans, Natalia Sorrenti, German Decuadro, Andres Saibene, Marie Poumayrac, Sebastian Laza, Carina Almiron, Maria Elena Vergara, Victor Soria, Sebastian Lasa, Adolfo Perez, Gabriela Castro, Ana Santa Maria, Mansoureh Soleimani, Majid Katebi, Masoomeh Bakhshayesh, Mithat Oner, Mehmet Halici, Ali Yikilmaz, Ahmet Guney, Yildirim Turk, Mete Edizer, Umit Beden, Nihal Icten, Mohammad Afshar, Mohammad Mehdi Hasanzadeh Taheri, Adel Moalem, Mohammad Jafar Golalipour, Azadeh Tamizi, Mohammad Ahi, Shahram Mohammadpour, Ardeshir Maiery, Cengiz Acikel, Ersin Ulkur, Huseyin Karagoz, Bahattin Celikoz, Kuldip Bedi, Partadiredja Ginus, Mohammad Jafar Golalipoor, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Poya Jhand, Azad Reza Mansourian, Kanizreza Hosseinpoor, Abbas Ali Keshtkar, Raith Alsaffar, Babak Kabiri Balajadeh, Soraya Ghafari, Ramin Azarhosh, Seyyed Amirhossein Fazeli, Mehrdad Jahanshahi, Annen Mohammad Gharravi, Banu Alicioglu, Hakki Muammer Karakas, Ahmet Harma, Hun-Mu Yang, Sung-Yoon Won, Jae-Gi Lee, Ju-Young Lee, Jeong-Yong Lee, Yoo-Ri Kim, Wu-Chul Song, Ki-Seok Koh, Eu-Na Hwang, Hyun-Gon Choi, Soon-Heum Kim, Soo-Young Kim, Mi-Sun Hur, Enis Ulucam, Osman Celbis, Da-Hye Kim, Hee-Suk Hong, Hyun-Joo Kim, Jong-Hoon Choi, Jong-Tae Park, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Hamed Abbasi, Seyed Mohammad Hosseinipanah, Mohammad Hosseini, A. Amani, H. R. Ashrafi, Mohsen Sadeghimehr, Hyun-Ju Kim, Vadim Sheverdin, Zahra Amani, Alireza Ashrafi, Ali Reza Ashrafi, Hami Javad, Mokhtar Jafarpoor Kachap, Sebastián Laza, Marie Catherine Poumayrac, Inés Doassans, María Elena Vergara, Carina Almirón, Víctor Soria, Alvaro Rivara, Angela Sirilo, Diego Freire, Angela Cirillo, Maria Elena Veragara, Vlado Krmek, Nikola Krmek, Ana Jo-Osvatic, Vasilije Nikolic, Radivoje Radic, R. Shane Tubbs, Marios Loukas, Quentin Fogg, Neil Ashwood, Serpil Cilingiroglu, Cemal Ozbakir, Tahereh Mazoochi, Vedat Sabanciogullari, Cesur Gumus, F. Hayat Erdil, Mehmet Cimen, Hesam Moodi, Fateme Ghiasi, Asghar Akbari, Javad Hami, Majid Khazei, Elham Haghparast, Ioannis Mitsakis, Aikaterini Anastasiou, Menelaos Mitsakis, Kyriaki Sianou, Roxani Hainoglou, Margarida Francisco, Charikleia Mitsaki, Maria Konstantinidi, Stamatia Prapa, Igor Leksan, Tomislav Mrcela, Robert Selthofer, Fatemeh Kermanian, Alireza Mahmoudian, Mahmood Erfanian Ahmadpoor, Naser Dalili, Amir Hossein Elian, Ardesheer Moaiery, Zahra Jamalpour, Mohammad Reza Nourani, Alireza Asgari, Alireza Ebrahimzadeh, Seyed Hasan Eftekharvaghefi, Abbas Mohammadi, Vahid Sheibani, Seyed Noureddin Nematollahi-Mahani, Mastafa Latifpour, Masood Deilami, Behzad Soroure-Azimzadeh, Fatemeh Nabipour, Hamid Najafipour, Nouzar Nakhaee, Mohammad Yaghoobi, Rana Eftekharvaghefi, Parvin Salehinejad, Hasan Azizi, Hamid Reza Riasi, Maliheh Nobakht, Sara Asalgoo, Roshanak Rahbar, Norooz Najafzadeh, Kazem Moosavizadeh, Massood Ezzatabadypour, Masoud Majidi, Reza Malekpor-Afshar, Fariba Karimzade, Mahmood Hoseini, Mohamad Bayat, Ali Gorgi, Akram Nezhadi, Mehrdad Bakhtiari, Homa Rasooli Jazi, Maryam Jafaryan, Hosein Haghir, Mahmood Hosseini, Sadegh Rahimi, Fatemeh Behnam Rassouli, Ali Gorji, Aliasghar Habibi, Fatemeh Pouya, Shahryar Dabiri, A. Mousavi, Saeed Rajabalian, A. Abolidokht, Neda Khanlarkhani, Homayoun Naderian, Nezamedin Berjis, Mohamad Reza Namavar, Tahereh Talaei, Zohreh Mazaheri, Ahmad Monabati, Mehmet Ilkay Kosar, Kezban Karacan, Hamidreza Chegini, Hossein Nikzad, Egemen Ayhan, Sinan Ustundag, Salih Murat Akkin, Tahir Ogut, Parviz Rayegan, Mohamad Ali Emami Meibodi, Reza Montazer Ghaem, Rosa Zargarpoor, Seyd Hasan Eftekhar Vaghefi, Ghazale Moshkdanian, Fateme Poya, Hamid Kohestani, Roozbeh Rayegan Abarghoeai, Parviz Rayegan Abarghoeai, Seyed Hasan Eftekhar Vaghefi, Abolghasem Amir Mahmodi, Ali Poraboli, Hamid Reza Kohestani, Raena Eftekhar Vaghefi, Seyed Hasan Eftekhar Vaghefy, Raena Eftekhar Vaghefy, Parviz Raygan Abarghoeai, Mohamad Saba, Anneh Mohammad Gharravi, Fatemeh Javadnia, Mohsen Zhaleh, Dariush Bijan Nezhad, Mohammad Reza Gholami, Maria Piagkou, Vassiliki Kouki Aikaterini, Giannoulis Piagkos, Stergios Douvetzemis, Panagiotis Skandalakis, Sophia Anagnostopoulou, Nikolaos Papadopoulos, H. Hamdi Celik, Ilkan Tatar, Emel Cadalli Tatar, Burce Ozgen Mocan, Mustafa F. Sargon, C. Cem Denk, Homa Rasoolijazi, Mohammad Taghi Joghataie, Mehrdad Roghani, Salin Murat Akkin, Gulten Dinc, Mustafa Kurklu, Sener Ozboluk, Mahmut Komurcu, Jürgen Koebke, Mehmet Bulent Balioglu, Mehmet Akif Kaygusuz, Ferdi Sefa Bozkus, Ozgur Korkmaz, Sule Biyik Bayram, Mehmet Ali Can, Ebrahim Nasiri, Koroush Jafar-Kazemi, Melina Hosseini, Shahin Maghoul, Mansooreh Soleimani, Abdollah Amini, Mohamad Mahdi Hassanzade, Mohammad Hossein Davari, Tom Van Hoof, Germano T. Gomes, Emmanuel Audenaert, Koenraad Verstraete, Ingrid Kerckaert, Katharina D’Herde, Brion Benninger, Gil Hedley, Florin Mihail Filipoiu, Eugen Tarta, Mihali Enyedi, Cosmin Pantu, Razvan Stanciulescu, Cezary Skobowiat, Jaroslaw Calka, Mariusz Majewski, Maryam Rezaian, Akbar Yaghoobfar, Somayeh Hamedi, and T. Shomali

Subjects
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Surgery, Anatomy, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Published
2009

20. ESTUDIO MORFOLÓGICO DEL PTERION Y ASTERION EN CRÁNEOS ADULTOS MEXICANOS. Estudio morfológico del pterion y asterion en cráneos adultos mexicanos

Author

Rodolfo Morales Ávalos, Mario v Aguilar Alvarado, Rodrigo E Elizondo Omaña, and Santos Guzmán López

Subjects
pterion, asterion, cráneo, morfometría, sutura, skull, Medicine, Pathology, RB1-214
Abstract

Introducción. El pterion y asterion son puntos craneométricos de confluencia sutural observables en una vista lateral del cráneo, ambos representan puntos de referencia y/o acceso dentro del campo de la neurocirugía así como puntos de importancia dentro de la antropología física y medicina legal por sus diferencias morfológicas entre las diferentes poblaciones. Materiales y Métodos. Se examinaron ochenta y cinco cráneos secos de adultos mexicanos bilateralmente, se obtuvieron las distancias promedio entre el centro del pterion y el borde posterior de la sutura frontocigomática, borde superior del arco cigomático, base de la fosa mandibular, vértice de la apófisis mastoides y el centro del asterion. Resultados. Se identificaron cuatro tipos de pterion: esfenoparietal (90%), estellar (4.12%), epiptérico (3.53%) y frontotemporal (2.35%). Se identificaron dos tipos de asterion: tipo 1 (7.06%) y tipo 2 (92.94%). Conclu-siones. Los resultados obtenidos en la morfología sutural de ambos puntos y los resultados de las mediciones son de importancia para el abordaje neuroquirúrgico del cráneo, patólogos forenses y antropólogos. Introduction. Pterion and asterion are craniometrical landmarks of sutural confluence observable in a lateral view of the skull. Both represent points of reference and/or access in the field of neurosurgery, and are aspects of importance in disciplines such as physical anthropology and legal medicine for the morphological differences between the different populations. Materials and Methods. Examinations were conducted bilaterally in 85 (eighty five) dry skulls from Mexican adults. The average distances were obtained from the center of the pterion to the following landmarks: posterior edge of the frontozygomatic suture, superior edge of the zygomatic arch, base of the mandibular fossa, vertex of the mastoid process and the center of the asterion. Results. Four types of pterion were identified: sphenoparietal (90%), stellar (4.12%), epipteric (3.53%) and frontotemporal (2.35%). Two types of asterion were identified: type 1 (7.06%) and type 2 (92.94%). Conclusions. The results obtained in the analysis of the sutural morphology of both landmarks and the results of the measurements are of importance for the neurosurgical access of the skull, and are as well relevant to forensic pathologists and anthropologists.

Published
2016
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21. ANTERIOR SEGMENT ISCHEMIA AND STRABISMUS SURGERY: FROM THE ANATOMY TO THE CLINIC. Isquemia del segmento anterior y cirugía del estrabismo: Desde la Anatomía a la Clínica.

Author

Abraham Olvera-Barrios, Rodrigo E Elizondo Omaña, Verónica E Tamez-Tamez, María de los A. García-Rodríguez, Eliud V Villarreal-Silva, and Santos Guzmán López

Subjects
Anterior ciliary arteries, ocular ischemia, surgical complications, Arterias ciliares anteriores, isquemia ocular, complicaciones quirúrgicas, Medicine, Pathology, RB1-214
Abstract

La isquemia del segmento anterior es una complicación seria que puede presentarse después de la cirugía de estrabismo, particularmente después de desinsertar tres o cuatro músculos extraoculares, con la sección de sus respectivas arterias ciliares anteriores. Sin embargo, susceptibilidad individual y una cantidad considerable de factores de riesgo juegan también un papel importante en el desarrollo de esta condición que pone en peligro la vista. Una evaluación minuciosa es fundamental para cada paciente. Por lo tanto, conocer la irrigación del segmento anterior junto con los mecanismos que producen la isquemia de esta región del ojo es de suma importancia para evaluar a los pacientes, para planear y decidir qué procedimiento quirúrgico es el mejor para cada caso en particular, y para prevenir la ocurrencia de esta complicación. La revisión de la anatomía descriptiva y su posterior correlación con el cuadro clínico de esta entidad facilita el entendimiento de la patogénesis de la isquemia y crea conciencia acerca de la necesidad de instituir medidas preventivas. Anterior segment ischemia is a serious complication that may occur after strabismus surgery, particularly after the deinsertion of three or four extraocular muscles, with transection of their anterior ciliary arteries. However, individual susceptibility and a considerable amount of risk factors also play an important role in the development of this condition, which endangers sight. A thorough evaluation is essential for each patient. Therefore, knowing the irrigation of the anterior segment along with the mechanisms that produce ischemia of the eye region is very important to assess patients, plan and decide which surgical procedure is best for each particular case, and to prevent the occurrence of this complication. Review of the descriptive anatomy and its subsequent combination with the clinical picture of this entity facilitates understanding of the pathogenesis of ischemia and raises awareness about the need to institute preventive measures.

Published
2016
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23. Lesiones por mordedura de perro en pacientes pediátricos

Author

Liborio Rafael Leal García, Manuel Enrique de la O Cavazos, Iván Alejandro Torres Vega, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo Omaña, Santos Guzmán López, and Fernando Félix Montes Tapia

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published
2009

24. Comparison of suturing models: the effect on perception of basic surgical skills

Author

Alejandro Rafael Gonzalez-Navarro, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Adriana Sharai Acosta-Luna, Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Javier Humberto Martinez-Garza, Oscar de la Garza-Castro, Jorge Gutierrez-de la O, David de la Fuente-Villarreal, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Omaña, and Santos Guzman-Lopez

Subjects
Surgical skills, Suturing model, Suturing, Medical student training, Surgical training, Education, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Acquisition of Basic Surgical Skills (BSS) are essential for medical students. The objective was to determine it’s fidelity impact. Methods Using four suturing models (SM) (pigskin, sponge, commercial pad, and orange), SM-quality and student-SM interaction were evaluated. After a 1-h class, participants were divided into groups and randomly assigned exercises in SM in 15-min intervals. The experiment included completing three individual simple stitches and a 3-stitch continuous suture in each SM. Results Eighty-two medical students participated. Suturing quality was better in pigskin and sponge, which were also the preferred models (p

Published
2021
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25. Collaborative mentoring for effective medical research groups

Author

Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Omaña, Pablo Patricio Zarate-Garza, Guillermo Jacobo-Baca, Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Bernardo Alfonso Fernandez-Rodarte, Javier Humberto Martinez-Garza, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, and Santos Guzman-Lopez

Subjects
mentoring, collaborative mentoring, academic medicine, medical research group, anatomy research group, undergraduate students, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine
Abstract

Research benefits professors and students, mentors and mentees, however, many Universities lack formal programs, especially in basic sciences such as anatomy. Faculty, many times, lack the time, resources, and a well-structured program. Mentoring and collaborative work, have played an important role in creating an effective environment that inspires its members into scientific production, enhances research skills, while gaining experience. The authors presented a student anatomy research group (Grupo de Investigación en Anatomía [GIA]) model that integrates faculty from basic and clinical fields through a collaborative mentoring and tightly organized structure that increases training, experience, and scientific output. The transformation stages described shows the progress, reporting the fundamental elements for integration of the model, with results presented at 16 years of experience of the group in the Anatomy department. Results evidence a steady increase in student/professor involvement, scientific publishing, presentations in meetings (national/international), and cites.

Published
2019

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