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1. Vector In Memory Architecture for simple and high efficiency computing

Author

Alves, Marco Antonio Zanata, Santos, Sairo, Cordeiro, Aline S., Moreira, Francis B., Santos, Paulo C., and Carro, Luigi

Subjects
Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract

Data movement is one of the main challenges of contemporary system architectures. Near-Data Processing (NDP) mitigates this issue by moving computation closer to the memory, avoiding excessive data movement. Our proposal, Vector-In-Memory Architecture(VIMA), executes large vector instructions near 3D-stacked memories using vector functional units and uses a small data cache to enable short-term data reuse. It provides an easy programming interface and guarantees precise exceptions. When executing stream-behaved applications using a single core, VIMA offers a speedup of up to 26x over a CPU system baseline with vector operations in a single-core processor while spending 93% less energy.

Published
2022

7. Efficacy of bupropion and varenicline genetic markers in choosing pharmacological treatment for smoking cessation, and implications for combining drugs: A randomized controlled trial (GENTSMOKING)

Author

Gaya, Patricia V., primary, Santos, Juliana R., additional, Tomaz, Paulo R. X., additional, Abe, Tania M. O., additional, Nassif Jr, Miguel, additional, Galas, Larissa G., additional, Bellini, Bianca B., additional, Moraes, Iana R., additional, Santos, Paulo C. Lima, additional, Correa, Paulo C. R. P., additional, and Scholz, Jaqueline R., additional

Published
2024
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9. Skipping CNN Convolutions Through Efficient Memoization

Author

de Moura, Rafael Fão, Santos, Paulo C., de Lima, João Paulo C., Alves, Marco A. Z., Beck, Antonio C. S., Carro, Luigi, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Pnevmatikatos, Dionisios N., editor, Pelcat, Maxime, editor, and Jung, Matthias, editor

Published
2019
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10. Exploiting Reconfigurable Vector Processing for Energy-Efficient Computation in 3D-Stacked Memories

Author

de Lima, João Paulo C., Santos, Paulo C., de Moura, Rafael F., Alves, Marco A. Z., Beck, Antonio C. S., Carro, Luigi, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Hochberger, Christian, editor, Nelson, Brent, editor, Koch, Andreas, editor, Woods, Roger, editor, and Diniz, Pedro, editor

Published
2019
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11. HMC and DDR Performance Trade-offs

Author

Santos, Paulo C., Alves, Marco A. Z., Carro, Luigi, Rannenberg, Kai, Editor-in-Chief, Sakarovitch, Jacques, Series Editor, Goedicke, Michael, Series Editor, Tatnall, Arthur, Series Editor, Neuhold, Erich J., Series Editor, Pras, Aiko, Series Editor, Tröltzsch, Fredi, Series Editor, Pries-Heje, Jan, Series Editor, Whitehouse, Diane, Series Editor, Reis, Ricardo, Series Editor, Furnell, Steven, Series Editor, Furbach, Ulrich, Series Editor, Winckler, Marco, Series Editor, Rauterberg, Matthias, Series Editor, Götz, Marcelo, editor, Schirner, Gunar, editor, Wehrmeister, Marco Aurélio, editor, Al Faruque, Mohammad Abdullah, editor, and Rettberg, Achim, editor

Published
2017
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12. NIM: An HMC-Based Machine for Neuron Computation

Author

Oliveira, Geraldo F., Santos, Paulo C., Alves, Marco A. Z., Carro, Luigi, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Wong, Stephan, editor, Beck, Antonio Carlos, editor, Bertels, Koen, editor, and Carro, Luigi, editor

Published
2017
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17. The generalized odd log-logistic-G regression with interval-censored survival data

Author

Vigas, Valdemiro P., Ortega, Edwin M. M., Suzuki, Adriano K., Cordeiro, Gauss M., and dos Santos, Paulo C.

Abstract

The article proposes a new regression based on the generalized odd log-logistic family for interval-censored data. The survival times are not observed for this type of data, and the event of interest occurs at some random interval. This family can be used in interval modeling since it generalizes some popular lifetime distributions in addition to its ability to present various forms of the risk function. The estimation of the parameters is addressed by the classical and Bayesian methods. We examine the behavior of the estimates for some sample sizes and censorship percentages. Selection criteria, likelihood ratio tests, residual analysis, and graphical techniques assess the goodness of fit of the fitted models. The usefulness of the proposed models is red shown by means of two real data sets.

Published
2023
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24. Effects of age and fatigue on human gait

Author

Rocha dos Santos, Paulo C., Rocha dos Santos, Paulo C., Rocha dos Santos, Paulo C., and Rocha dos Santos, Paulo C.

Abstract

When healthy humans walk in a real-life environment, there could be many distractions that can perturb walking. The ability to adjust walking to such perturbations can prevent a loss of balance, trips, and falls. Aging affects the ability to adjust gait to perturbations. One type of perturbation is fatigability that limits the capacity to allocate internal resources and may require age-specific adjustments in gait. This thesis has examined whether and how healthy older adults who do not otherwise report being tired, adjust their gait to fatigability. Firstly, we reviewed studies and concluded that the underlying mechanism of fatigability’s effect on older adults’ gait remains unclear. Therefore, we developed an experimental model in which older and younger adults walked on a treadmill before and after induced mental (demanding mental tasks) and muscle fatigability (repetitive sit-to-stand – rSTS). We measured the strides outcomes and its variability, dynamics features of gait, and neuromuscular control during walking. We also examined the muscle activation during rSTS and maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF) before and after rSTS to verify the suitability of rSTS in inducing muscle fatigability. Surprisingly, we found minimal effects of muscle and mental fatigability on stride outcomes and gait variability. Mental performance fatigability appears to affect gait only during dual-task walking. Such minimal effects generated by muscle fatigability were accompanied by only subtle changes induced by rSTS on muscle activation and MVIF. However, rSTS induced age-specific changes in the neuromuscular control, which might have compensated for fatigue to maintain older adults’ gait performance.

Published
2020

30. Functional capacity components do not predict fall risk in people with Parkinson's disease.

Author

MORACA, GABRIEL A. G., ORCIOLI-SILVA, DIEGO, BERETTA, VICTOR S., ZAMPIER, VINICIUS C., SANTOS, PAULO C. R., and GOBBI, LILIAN T. B.

Subjects
PREDICTIVE tests, FUNCTIONAL status, MANN Whitney U Test, RISK assessment, FUNCTIONAL assessment, PARKINSON'S disease, ACCIDENTAL falls, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, QUESTIONNAIRES, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, DATA analysis software, LONGITUDINAL method, DISEASE complications
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Falls are an impactful problem for people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD), impairing the functional capacity and quality of life. Although some predictors of fall risk have been evidenced, the investigation of functional capacity components individual and combined is needed to a more detailed approach to identify fall risk prediction. AIM: To verify the ability of individual and combined functional capacity components in predicting fall risk in PwPD. METHOD: Ninety-six individuals participated in this cohort study. Functional capacity was assessed by Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go, Six-Minute Walk, and Sit-to-Stand tests. The participants who fell at least once during the prospective follow-up of 12 months were considered fallers. A trained evaluator registered the fall’s occurrence weekly. Mann-Whitney U, t-tests, and chi-square tests were used to compare fallers versus non-fallers. Receiver Operating Characteristics curves of functional capacity components (individual and combined) were performed to predict fall risk. RESULTS: Thirty-six (37.5%) PwPD were classified as fallers, being recorded 56 falls, and 60 (62.5%) as nonfallers. There are no differences in functional capacity components between groups. The combined functional capacity components were not able to predict fall risk in PwPD (area under the curve = 0.52; p = 0.77). These components were also unable to predict fall risk when analyzed individually. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that functional capacity components, individual and combined, are not good predictors of fall risk in PwPD. The multifactorial characteristics of falls and the falls classification might affect the fall risk prediction and should be further investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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31. Desenvolvimento e caracteriza??o de eletrodos de grafite funcionalizados com filmes de homopol?meros, copol?meros e bicamadas para uso em biossensores

Author

Santos, Paulo C?sar Melqu?ades, Ferreira, Lucas Franco, Franco, D?bora Vilela, Franco, Diego Leoni, Martins, H?len Rodrigues, and Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)

Subjects
Impedimetric immunosensor, Bicamadas, Copolimeriza??o, Polymeric films, Bilayers, Copolymerization, Characterization, Imunossensor impedim?trico, Electropolymerization, Eletropolimeriza??o, Caracteriza??o, Filmes polim?ricos
Abstract

O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - C?digo de Financiamento 001. Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2021-03-15T13:31:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) paulo_cesar_melquiades_santos.pdf: 3815781 bytes, checksum: 5c8f02c5cef58cf38ed110f8374f7e1c (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2021-03-15T13:38:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) paulo_cesar_melquiades_santos.pdf: 3815781 bytes, checksum: 5c8f02c5cef58cf38ed110f8374f7e1c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-15T13:38:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) paulo_cesar_melquiades_santos.pdf: 3815781 bytes, checksum: 5c8f02c5cef58cf38ed110f8374f7e1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) Pol?meros condutores s?o conhecidos por atuarem como excelentes materiais para imobiliza??o de biomol?culas e r?pida transfer?ncia de el?trons para a fabrica??o de biossensores eficientes, uma vez que, possuem grupos funcionais preservados que podem promover melhorias significativas na adsor??o e intera??o da interface biomol?cula/transdutor, evitando-se assim efeitos indesejados como, por exemplo, o de lixivia??o do componente imobilizado. Neste sentido, foi investigada a eletropolimeriza??o dos mon?meros anilina (ANI), o-hidroxibenzamida (OHBA), o-aminobenzamida (OABA) e o-aminofenol (OAF) na forma de monocamada, bicamada e copol?meros sobre eletrodos de grafite, utilizando-se voltametria c?clica, para constru??o e desenvolvimento de plataformas eletroqu?micas funcionalizadas. Foram avaliadas 22 plataformas eletroqu?micas onde observou-se diferen?as entre as respostas eletroqu?micas das bicamadas e dos copol?meros, sugerindo que, a copolimeriza??o n?o ? apenas uma sobreposi??o dos homopol?meros como ocorre nas bicamadas. Realizou-se caracteriza??o eletroqu?mica e morfol?gica das plataformas funcionalizadas por Espectroscopia de Imped?ncia Eletroqu?mica (EIE), Voltametria C?clica (VC) e Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV). Observou-se que as plataformas funcionalizadas derivadas dos mon?meros ANI, OAF e OABA apresentaram car?ter majoritariamente cati?nico, enquanto plataformas funcionalizadas derivadas do mon?mero OHBA apresentaram car?ter majoritariamente ani?nico. An?lises de MEV possibilitaram observar diferen?as morfol?gicas entre as plataformas funcionalizadas e o eletrodo de grafite (EG) n?o modificado, comprovando a modifica??o da superf?cie dos EG pelos pol?meros formados. Os resultados obtidos por EIE comprovaram as observa??es feitas nas an?lises de VC para as plataformas funcionalizadas na presen?a das sondas redox. As plataformas funcionalizadas foram aplicadas em estudos iniciais do desenvolvimento de um imunossensor impedim?trico, atrav?s da imobiliza??o dos ant?genos recombinantes JL7, 1F8 e B13 para detec??o de anticorpos da doen?a de Chagas em amostras cl?nicas. Os imunossensores desenvolvidos utilizando-se as plataformas POABA, POAF_sobre_POHBA, POHBA_sobre_POAF e POHBA_sobre_POABA mostraram-se promissoras, uma vez que apresentaram especificidade de 338%, 282%, 294% e 183% respectivamente e, portanto, melhores desempenhos quando comparadas ?s demais. Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2020. Conductive polymers are known to act as excellent materials for immobilizing biomolecules and fast electron transfer for the manufacture of efficient biosensors, since they have preserved functional groups that can promote significant improvements in adsorption and interaction of the biomolecule/transducer interface, avoiding if so unwanted effects like, for example, the leaching of the immobilized component. In this sense, the electropolymerization of the monomers aniline (ANI), o-hydroxybenzamide (OHBA), o-aminobenzamide (OABA), and o-aminophenol (OAF) in the form of monolayer, bilayer, and copolymers on graphite electrodes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, for construction and development of functionalized electrochemical platforms. Twenty-two electrochemical platforms were evaluated where differences were observed between the electrochemical responses of the bilayers and the copolymers, suggesting that copolymerization is not just an overlap of homopolymers as occurs in bilayers. Electrochemical and morphological characterization of the platforms functionalized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIE), cyclic voltammetry (VC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed. It was observed that the functionalized platforms derived from the monomers ANI, OAF, and OABA were mostly cationic, while functionalized platforms derived from the OHBA monomer were mostly anionic. SEM analyzes made it possible to observe morphological differences between the functionalized platforms and the unmodified EG, proving the modification of the EG surface by the polymers formed. The results obtained by EIE confirmed the observations made in the VC analysis for the functionalized platforms in the presence of the redox probes. The functionalized platforms were applied in initial studies of the development of an impedimetric immunosensor, through the immobilization of recombinant antigens JL7, 1F8, and B13 for the detection of Chagas disease antibodies in clinical samples. The immunosensors developed using the POABA, POAF_over_POHBA, POHBA_over_POAF, and POHBA_over_POABA platforms proved to be promising, since they presented 338%, 282%, 294%, and 183% specificity, respectively, and therefore better performances when compared to the others.

Published
2020

36. Front Crawl Swimming Performance and Bi-Lateral Force Asymmetry during Land-Based and Tethered Swimming Tests

Author

Karini B. dos Santos, Paulo C. Barauce Bento, Gleber Pereira, Carl Payton, André L.F. Rodacki

Subjects
lcsh:Sports, lcsh:GV557-1198.995, kinetics, swimmers, isometric strength, lcsh:Sports medicine, lcsh:RC1200-1245, human activities
Abstract

The aims of this study were to investigate whether land-based and tethered swimming strength tests can explain swimming performance in 200-meter front crawl and, whether these tests were able to identify bilateral symmetry in force production. In the first session, eighteen swimmers completed a maximum effort 200 m front crawl swim (swimming performance) and 15 seconds maximal effort tethered front crawl swim. In the second session, participants performed the upper extremity isometric strength test. Peak force production of tethered swimming and isometric strength tests were significantly correlated for the strongest and weakest sides (r = 0.58 and r = 0.63, respectively; p < 0.05), but only peak force production during tethered swimming correlated with 200 m swimming performance time (r = -0.55, p < 0.05). Bilateral asymmetries in peak force and rate of force development were similar between the tethered swimming and isometric strength tests (peak force: 13%, p = 0.24; rate of force development: 15%, p = 0.88) However, both tests detected significant difference of peak force and rate of force development between body sides. The tethered swimming test can partially explain the 200 m front crawl swimming performance. In addition, the land-based and tethered swimming tests may be used to identify bilateral asymmetry of swimming

Published
2017

37. MYLIP p.N342S polymorphism is not associated with lipid profile in the Brazilian population

Author

Santos Paulo C J L, Oliveira Theo G M, Lemos Pedro A, Mill José G, Krieger José E, and Pereira Alexandre C

Subjects
MYLIP, p.N342S, rs9370867, Lipid profile, Cholesterol, Ethnicity, Brazilian, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background A recent study investigated the MYLIP region in the Mexican population in order to fine-map the actual susceptibility variants of this locus. The p.N342S polymorphism was identified as the underlying functional variant accounting for one of the previous signals of genome-wide association studies and the N342 allele was associated with higher cholesterol concentrations in Mexican dyslipidemic individuals. To date, there is no further evaluation on this genotype-phenotype association in the literature. In this scenario, and because of a possible pharmacotherapeutic target of dyslipidemia, the main aim of this study was to assess the influence of the MYLIP p.N342S polymorphism on lipid profile in Brazilian individuals. Methods 1295 subjects of the general population and 1425 consecutive patients submitted to coronary angiography were selected. General characteristics, biochemical tests, blood pressures, pulse wave velocity, and coronary artery disease scores were analyzed. Genotypes for the MYLIP rs9370867 (p.N342S, c.G1025A) polymorphism were detected by high resolution melting analysis. Results No association of the MYLIP rs9370867 genotypes with lipid profile, hemodynamic data, and coronary angiographic data was found. Analysis stratified by hyperlipidemia, gender, and ethnicity was also performed and the sub-groups presented similar results. In both general population and patient samples, the MYLIP rs9370867 polymorphism was differently distributed according to ethnicity. In the general population, subjects carrying GG genotypes had higher systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP, and mean BP values (129.0 ± 23.3; 84.9 ± 14.6; 99.5 ± 16.8 mmHg) compared with subjects carrying AA genotypes (123.7 ± 19.5; 81.6 ± 11.8; 95.6 ± 13.6 mmHg) (p = 0.01; p = 0.02; p = 0.01, respectively), even after adjustment for covariates. However, in analysis stratified by ethnicity, this finding was not found and there is no evidence that the polymorphism influences BP. Conclusion Our findings indicate that association studies involving this MYLIP variant can present distinct results according to the studied population. In this moment, further studies are needed to reaffirm if the MYLIP p.N342S polymorphism is functional or not, and to identify other functional markers within this gene.

Published
2012
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43. Cue restricted smoking increases quit rates with varenicline.

Author

Scholz, Jaqueline R., Abe, Tania O., Gaya, Patricia V., Bellini, Bianca, de Moraes, Iana R. A., Santos, Juliana R., Tomaz, Paulo R. X., de Lima Santos, Paulo C. Jr., and Tonstad, Serena

Subjects
SMOKING cessation, CARBON monoxide, VARENICLINE, BUPROPION, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DRUGS
Abstract

INTRODUCTION Varenicline effectively helps smokers quit by reducing withdrawal symptoms and blocking the reward of smoking. However, most quitters return to smoking within one year. 'Cue Restricted Smoking' is a behavioral technique designed to increase quit rates by asking smokers attempting to quit to restrict smoking to the standing position, while alone, in an isolated area facing a wall, with the cigarette as the only stimulus. METHODS Using retrospective clinic records we compared quit rates in 281 smokers (50% males) instructed in the cue restricted smoking cessation method during 2016-2018 to quit rates in 324 smokers (46% males) advised to completely stop smoking on the target quit date which we previously used during 2011-2014. All were prescribed varenicline for 12 weeks alone, with the addition of bupropion if needed after 4 weeks. Follow-up consisted of behavioral support at 4-6 visits during active drug treatment and telephone counselling at 24 and 52 weeks. The smoking cessation rate was confirmed with exhaled carbon monoxide at the clinic visit at 12 weeks and only by telephone at 52 weeks. RESULTS The mean age of smokers was 49 years in both groups and the number of cigarettes smoked daily was similar (18/day in the cue restricted vs 19/day in the target quit day group). The smoking cessation rate at 12 weeks was 75% in the cue restricted versus 45% in the target quit day group (relative risk, RR=1.8; 95% CI: 1.4-2.2, p<0.001). At 52 weeks the quit rate was 65% vs 34%, respectively (RR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.5-2.4, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Cue restricted smoking was associated with a substantially increased chance of quitting compared with standard advice during treatment with varenicline. These results should be further studied in a randomized controlled trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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