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ABSTRACT Introduction: The ureteral access sheath (UAS) is a medical device that enables repeated entrance into the ureter and collecting system during retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Its impact on stone-free rates, ureteral injuries, operative time, and postoperative complications remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing RIRS with versus without UAS for urolithiasis management. Purpose: To compare outcomes from retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for stone extraction with or without ureteral access sheath (UAS); evaluating stone-free rate (SFR), ureteral injuries, operative time, and postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library in June 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety outcomes of UAS use in RIRS for urolithiasis treatment. Articles published between 2014 and 2024 were included. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences (MDs) were calculated for binary and continuous outcomes, respectively. Results: Five RCTs comprising 466 procedures were included. Of these, 246 (52.7%) utilized UAS. The follow-up ranged from 1 week to 1 month. UAS reduced the incidence of postoperative fever (RR 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29–0.84; p=0.009), and postoperative infection (RR 0.50; 95% CI 0.30–0.83; p=0.008). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of SFR (RR 1.05; 95% CI 0.99–1.11; p=0.10), ureteral injuries (RR 1.29; 95% CI 0.95–1.75; p=0.11), operative time (MD 3.56 minutes; 95% CI −4.15 to 11.27 minutes; p=0.36), or length of stay (MD 0.32 days; 95% CI −0.42 to 1.07 days; p=0.40). Conclusion: UAS leads to a lower rate of post-operative fever and infection. However, UAS did not significantly reduce or increase the SFR or the rate of ureteral injuries during RIRS for patients with urolithiasis. The use of UAS should be considered to decrease the risk of infectious complications, particularly in those who may be at higher risk for such complications.

Endangered sharks and rays usually often lack basic information specific to conservation, such as population size. Previous studies have reconstructed shark and ray catch statistics between 1950 and 2019 for the southeast = south of Brazil, but lacking detail at the species level, because the catches were grouped by family, genus or even common name (e.g., skates and rays, Dasyatidae, Rhinobatos, Sphyrnidae, Squatinidae). In this study, we used proportions between species from scientific observer fishing trips and Dirichlet regression modelling to reclassify these categories. This model is a multivariate extension of beta regression and enables the modeling of asymmetric and heteroscedastic compositional data, allowing multinomial data to be obtained in a more informative way. The reconstruction of catches for unclassified data showed a massive dominance of the Squatinidae family until the late 1970s, when catches showed signs of decline. At the same time, the rays of the “emplastro” family showed a progressive increase from 2006 onwards. However, this scenario changed after the reclassification. The category Squatinidae was maintained almost exclusively by S. guggenheim, while 16 categories of species were observed within “emplastro” rays, many of which fall into “endangered”, “vulnerable” and “critically endangered” criteria. These reconstructed series provide a more reliable scenario of the catches of thirty elasmobranch species in the southeast and south of Brazil and serve as baseline information for understanding the conservation status of these species.

Abstract The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the relationship between fractures of the floor of the orbit (blow outs) and their repercussions on eye movement, based on the available scientific literature. In order to obtain more reliable results, we opted for a methodology that could answer the guiding question of this research. To this end, a systematic review of the literature was carried out, using a rigorous methodological approach. The risk of bias was assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane tool for the risk of bias in randomized trials (RoB 2). This systematic review was carried out according to a systematic review protocol previously registered on the PROSPERO platform. The searches were carried out in the PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Scopus, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase databases, initially resulting in 553 studies. After removing duplicates, 515 articles remained, 7 were considered eligible, of which 3 were selected for detailed analysis. However, the results of the included studies did not provide conclusive evidence of a direct relationship between orbital floor fractures and eye movement.

Observando como necessário o uso de ferramentas tecnológicas para analisar elementos de campos informacionais, as quais possibilitem reconhecer ligações entre fontes de dados às que têm acesso determinados sujeitos, esta pesquisa se situa no contexto de dados publicados para grupos de produtores rurais, indagando em duas fontes, comunicações para grupos de produtores e em datasets disponibilizados pelo governo do Brasil para esse setor. O objetivo é constatar a aderência lexical entre unidades extraídas desde notícias publicadas em um site para grupos de produtores do Brasil, e rótulos de datasets publicados pelo governo, usando como marco de análise necessidades informacionais. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluem revisão bibliográfica, técnica 5W1H, técnicas de mineração de textos e cálculo de similaridade mediante linguagem R. Os resultados mostram que existe uma comunicação insuficiente, pois, das cinco categorias de necessidades ponderadas, houve proximidade unicamente com uma, Crédito. Desde o ponto de vista da similaridade entre as duas fontes, entende-se como favorável em um primeiro nível na busca de inteligibilidade entre estas, sem deixar de assinalar a existência de palavras que precisam de esforços adicionais para melhor contextualização e possível interpretação por parte dos sujeitos alvo. Estudos futuros objetivam contrastar o procedimento realizado com outras medidas de similaridade, reprodução em outras fontes de informação e em outros contextos socioeconômicos.

In the deep-sea, abundant and diverse biological communities tend to occur in areas where combinations of geological, physical and biological processes locally enhance trophic-wide productivity, sustaining aggregations of consumers and top predators. These areas are ‘productivity hotspots’ and their delimitation should improve the effectiveness of area-based strategies designed to manage human activities and protect the deep-sea. We explored the premise that fishing operations in association with geomorphological features are effective surrogates for delimiting productivity hotspots distribution in the Brazilian Meridional Margin (BMM; 18°S - 35°S; 200 – 3300 m). We described along-slope and across-slope geoforms and related them with catch patterns of fishes, deep-sea shrimps, deep-sea crabs and squids in 23565 fishing hauls conducted between 2000 and 2007. Over 97% of the total catch was obtained in Santos (42.7%) and Pelotas (54.8%) sedimentary basins. In the former, 55.7% of all fishing hauls and 38.6% of the catch were obtained from one of 12 slope geoforms, which covered 22% of the available fishing area. In the Pelotas basin, a shelf break geoform covering 6% of the fishing area concentrated 29.5% of the fishing hauls and 30.2% of the catch. Best fit delta-lognormal Generalized Linear Models (explaining >50% of the total variance) highlighted the positive effect of shelf break embayments of Santos Basin in occurrence and abundance of the pool of species targeted by fisheries. Within these embayments, sectors incurvated and excavated by erosive action of the Brazil Current positively affected abundance and occurrences of fishes and deep-sea shrimps, respectively. The upper slope (300 – 500 m depths) were particularly favorable for fishes and squid concentrations, whereas the lower slope (600 – 800 m depths) increased the probability of deep-sea shrimp catches. We propose that the Santos Basin shelf break embayments host mesoscale and sub-mesoscale productivity hotspots, sustained by biophysical processes promoted by the Brazil Current flow, coupled with biological active transport of pelagic and demersal vertical migrators, some of them targeted by bottom fisheries. We advocate that these are unique features, in the otherwise oligotrophic SW Atlantic subtropical gyre, that should be taking into consideration in regional systematic conservation plans.

De acordo com a legislação brasileira, a prisão domiciliar consiste no recolhimento do acusado em sua residência, sendo uma espécie de medida cautelar que deve ser substituída em face da prisão preventiva, quando a agente for gestante ou mãe de criança de até 12 anos incompletos. No entanto, tal medida não tem sido amplamente utilizada pelo Poder Judiciário, implicando em evidente limitação aos interesses dessas mulheres e de suas famílias. Em decorrência disto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender os desafios relacionados a concessão da prisão domiciliar para mulheres no Brasil, bem como os impactos da atuação dos operadores de direito na manutenção do encarceramento feminino tradicional. Para tal, a metodologia foi desenvolvida a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de natureza qualitativa, utilizando como pressuposto teórico a Criminologia Crítica. Após a análise dos dados obtidos, percebeu-se que há pouca aplicação do instituto para mulheres no Brasil e que as narrativas que permeiam os discursos dos operadores de direito possuem cunho valorativo e moral. Desse modo, foi possível concluir que o acesso à justiça segue seletivo e perverso e que a prisão domiciliar não é concebida como direito público subjetivo, mas como mero benefício que está sujeito à discricionariedade dos agentes do Judiciário.

Resumo A retenção ou publicação de dados pode diversificar conforme a cultura, os valores predominantes em determinada área do conhecimento ou as práticas adotadas por pesquisadores individuais. A anomia pode ocorrer quando há um desequilíbrio entre as metas institucionais e os valores culturais, com maior relevância dos valores culturais coletivos ou individuais. Dessa forma, pesquisadores podem não concordar com as metas institucionais e praticar condutas desviantes. O objetivo deste artigo foi apontar indícios da influência cultural sobre o estado de anomia em pesquisadores no processo de gestão e compartilhamento dos dados de sua pesquisa. Foi utilizada a pesquisa documental e exploratória e o método de análise de conteúdo com aplicação de framework que considera as dimensões institucional e individual. Os resultados apontaram indícios de que os pesquisadores têm pouca clareza sobre as metas institucionais para a gestão e o compartilhamento de dados. Conclui-se que a possível anomia no contexto dos pesquisadores está associada com desconhecimento ou dubiedade sobre as normas institucionais, sociais e morais, desequilíbrio entre as metas e os caminhos para atingi-las, descumprimento das orientações institucionais e pouca habilidade para a gestão de dados.

AimTo analyze the association between Primary Health Care (PHC) performance and institutional ability to provide care for individuals with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).MethodsCross-sectional study conducted with primary care nurses and physicians in Brazil. The performance of PHC was assessed by using the Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT), whereas institutional ability for the care of people with NCDs was assessed through the Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC). Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association between the PHC attributes measured in the PCAT (independent variables) and the ACIC dimensions (dependent variables).ResultsIn total, 308 health professionals −190 nurses (61.7%) and 118 physicians (38.3%)—at mean age 37.5 years and mean time of 6.5 years working in PHC participated of the study. On a scale of 0 to 10, the overall PCAT score was 6.74, while the ACIC score was 5.20. The PCAT score was High in only 58.8% of respondents (score ≥6.6). The ACIC scores showed basic institutional ability to care for people with NCDs. All ACIC dimensions have shown positive correlation to PCAT attributes, except for accessibility, continuity of care and care coordination.ConclusionA positive association was found between PHC performance and institutional ability to care for people with NCDs. Results have evidenced the need of investing in PCH by providing technical, political, logistical and financial support to PHC units to improve PHC organization points and care for people with NCDs.

Abstract Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an adjuvant treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP) which improves periodontal health. It may be beneficial to patients with systemic diseases, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus. Objective This randomized clinical trial evaluated the adjunctive effect of aPDT on the periodontal treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methodology 38 patients were included in the study and divided into four groups: DSRP – T1D patients treated with SRP; CSRP – normoglycemic patients treated with SRP; DPDT – T1D patients treated with SRP + aPDT (methylene blue and red laser); CPDT – normoglycemic patients treated with SRP + aPDT. , Periodontal clinical parameters and inflammatory cytokines in crevicular fluid were recorded at baseline and then after 1, 3 and 6 months. The clinical endpoint for treatment was evaluated after 6 months. Results Adjuvant aPDT treatment resulted in reduction of probing depth after 3 months (0.38 mm - p0.05). There was a significant reduction of TNF-α in crevicular fluid in both groups treated with aPDT (p0.05). Conclusions Adjuvant aPDT provided additional benefits in improving periodontal clinical parameters and reducing inflammatory cytokines in both T1D and normoglycemic patients. However, normoglycemic patients showed greater clinical improvements compared to T1D patients following adjuvant aPDT treatment.

Governador Valadares possui cerca de 25 mil microempreendedores individuais (MEI), somando 72% do total de empresas estabelecidas no município (Simples Nacional, 2022). Este modelo de organização empresarial é de significativa relevância, uma vez que ele é a base da geração da renda domiciliar de muitas famílias valadarenses. A Secretaria Municipal de Desenvolvimento, Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (SMDCTI) tem favorecido e promovido o empreendedorismo e a inovação entre as empresas do município, notadamente dos MEI, por meio de diversos projetos, muitos deles em parceria com a UFJF/GV. Nesse sentido, para oferecer maior conhecimento para os microempreendedores foi realizada uma capacitação gratuita que ocorreu de forma presencial, com duração de três semanas, abordando os principais assuntos sobre o marketing digital. Assim, o objetivo deste relato de experiência é detalhar o processo de capacitação, bem como destacar os desafios e os aprendizados enfrentados no desenvolvimento do projeto e durante a capacitação dos MEI no marketing digital. Ao longo do projeto, foi observada a importância do uso do marketing digital pelos microempreendedores individuais e como essa relação desempenhou um papel importante no desenvolvimento de suas atividades.