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The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a live mycorrhizal vaccine on the dynamics of grapevine’s plant nutrient supply. The experiment was performed on the Graševina variety (Vitis vinifera L.), grafted on an SO4 rootstock in the conditions of the Kutjevo Vineyards. The training system was Guyot, with a 10‐bud load. In the root system’s immediate vicinity, 20 ml of mycorrhizal suspension containing approximately 2,000 propagation units of a live mycorrhizal mycelium were inoculated. From the viticultural aspect, the research was conducted in two climatically very different years. The first research year (2014) was characterized by an abundant precipitation and less sunny days, resulting in a later technological grape maturity, amounting to 34 days when compared to the year 2015, which was extraordinarily warm and arid during the grape ripening period. In both research years, in the conditions of the soil’s low supply with the organic matter, phosphorus, and potassium, a mycorrhizal symbiosis influenced the higher content of phosphorus and potassium in the Graševina’s dry leaf matter. In a year experiencing more precipitation and less heat, a higher nitrogen content was found in the vine leaves manifesting a mycorrhizal symbiosis. In the dry and warm conditions, the calcium content was increased during the entire period of grape ripening, and a justifiably higher content of zinc, manganese, and iron was found in the period immediately preceding a technological grape ripeness. A positive influence of mycorrhiza on the yield, sugar content, and total acidity was not determined.

Reakcija tla jedan je od najznačajnijih čimbenika koji utječu na topljivost i pristupačnost hraniva biljci. Provedeno istraživanje imalo je za cilj utvrditi u kojoj mjeri reakcija tla utječe na K/(Ca+Mg) u lišću vinove loze (Vitis vinifera L.), sorta Sauvignon bijeli (podloga SO4) na području Plešivičkog vinogorja (sjeverozapadna Hrvatska). Istraživanja su provedena u razdoblju 2009.-2011. godine na području Plešivičkog vinogorja na tlima jako kisele do kisele reakcije (lokacija Rečki gaj: pHKCl 3,54-5,01) i na tlu alkalne reakcije (lokacija Borička: pHKCl 7,01-7,41). Uzorci lišća za praćenje dinamike kalija, kalcija i magnezija te njihovog međusobnog odnosa uzimani su tri puta tijekom vegetacije (fenofaza cvatnja, šara i berba) u sve tri godine istraživanja. U sve tri godine istraživanja značajan utjecaj na K/(Ca+Mg) odnos u lišću vinove loze imala je reakcija tla te fenofaza rasta i razvoja. Širi odnos K/(Ca+Mg) u lišću vinove loze, u svim godinama istraživanja utvrđen je na tlu kisele reakcije (0,29, 0,58, 0,59) u odnosu na alkalno tlo (0,20, 0,40, 0,38). Najširi kationski odnos utvrđen je u fenofazi cvatnje (0,31-1,02), a najuži u fenofazi berbe (0,15- 0,34) u svim godinama istraživanja neovisno o reakciji tla., Soil reaction is one of the most important factors that affects solubility and availability of nutrients to plants. The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of soil reaction on the K/(Ca+Mg) ratio in the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves of the cultivar Sauvignon Blanc (rootstock SO4) in the Plešivica wine growing region (Northwest Croatia). The research was conducted in the period 2009-2011 in the Plešivica wine growing region on very acid to acid soil (location Rečki gaj: pHKCl 3,54-5,01) and on alkaline soil (location Borička: pHKCl 7,01-7,41). Leaves samples for monitoring the dynamics of potassium, calcium and magnesium and their mutual relationship, have been taken each year three times during vegetation (in the following phenological stages: flowering, veraison and harvest). A significant effect on the K/(Ca+Mg) ratio in the grapevine leaves was determined in respect to soil reaction and the phenological stage in all three years of research. The wider ratio of K/(Ca+Mg) in the leaves in all three years was determined on the acidic soil (0.29, 0.58, 0.59) in respect to alkaline soil (0.20, 0.40, 0.38). The widest cation ratio was determined in the stage of flowering (0.31-1.02) while the most limited ratio was determined in the stage of harvest (0.15-0.34) in all research years regardless soil reaction.

Temeljem dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da na većini postaja nisu utvrđene značajnije razlike u koncentracijama i stupnju onečišćenja tla anorganskim (teški metali) i organskim onečišćujućim tvarima (ukupni PAH-ovi i PCB) u 2019. godini u odnosu na početno stanje iz 2015. godine. Kao i u prethodnim godinama, najveće koncentracije ukupnog i fiziološki aktivnog nikla i kroma utvrđene su na karbonatnim supstratima neovisno o udaljenosti od uzletno sletne staze dok su najniže koncentracije navedenih elemenata utvrđene na crvenicama, na mjernim postajama (MP- 1, MP-4, MP-5, MP-6, MP-7, MP-8 i MP-9) koje su pod najjačim utjecajem cestovnog i zračnog prometa.

Višnja Maraska (Prunus cerasus var. Marasca) u Dalmaciji se uzgaja više od pet stoljeća. Antioksidacijska, antimikrobna, antikancerogena i ina svojstva višnje Maraske svrstavaju je u kategoriju „funkcionalne hrane“, koja ima terapeutski utjecaj na ljudsko zdravlje. Obzirom da je harmonična ishranjenost osnovni preduvjet za veće iskorištenje biološkog potencijala višnje Maraske kao i za osiguranje kvalitete ploda, provedena istraživanja imala su za cilj utvrditi mineralni sastav lišća u dvije klimatski različite godine (2012 i 2013).

Istraživanje je provedeno na pokušalištu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Agronomskog fakulteta. Poljski pokus postavljen je u jesen 2018. godine na praškasto ilovastom tlu (pHKCl 4, 01), po slučajnom bloknom rasporedu sa 8 varijanti u 4 ponavljanja. Test kultura u pokusu bila je kukuruz, hibrid 0725 Pioneer. Primjena Biosulfata imala je pozitivan učinak na prinos zrna kukuruza kao i na povećanje sadržaja proteina u zrnu.

Studija se sastoji iz tri (3) dijela. U prvom dijelu prikazani su rezultati kontrole plodnosti tla na 160 ha površina u vlasništvu tvrtke Agrochem-Maks d.o.o. te rezultati kemijskih analiza digestata s bioplinskog postrojenja u Rovišću. Drugi dio sadrži detaljne podatke o poljskom gnojidbenom pokusu s digestatom koji uključuje postavljanje pokusa, varijante pokusa, rezultate kemijskih analiza tla i biljnog materijala (kukuruz) te obradu dobivenih rezultata. U trećem dijelu prikazan je plan gnojidbe različitih ratarskih kultura temeljen na fizikalno-kemijskim značajkama tla, zahtjevima kultura, kemijskim svojstvima i biljno hranidbenom kapacitetu digestata te na temelju rezultata poljskog gnojidbenog pokusa.

Temeljem dobivenih rezultata istraživanja prikazanih u Elaboratu 5 razvidno je da na nijednoj mjernoj postaji nisu utvrđene značajnije promjene kvalitete tla u odnosu na početno stanje utvrđeno u 2015. godini. Razlike u pogledu kemijskih značajki tla te u količinama i stupnju onečišćenja tla anorganskim (teški metali) i organskim onečišćujućim tvarima (ukupni PAH-ovi i PCB), ostale su nepromijenjene po lokacijama i mjernim postajama.

Višnja maraska (Prunus cerasus var. Marasca) jedna je od najznačajnijih voćnih vrsta Dalmacije, još od 16 stoljeća od kada datira i proizvodnja poznatog likera Maraschino. Areal rasprostranjenosti maraske ograničen je uglavnom na dio područja sjeverne i srednje Dalmacije od Zadra do Makarske, gdje klima i tlo omogućuju postizanje visoke kvalitete ploda i specifične arome. Provedena istraživanja imala su za cilj utvrditi fizikalno-kemijske parametre (ukupnu suhu tvar, vodotopivu suhu tvar, ukupnu kiselost, udio mesa i koštica), ukupne polifenole i antocijane te antioksidativni kapacitet u plodu višnje maraske u dvije klimatski različite godine (2012 i 2013), na plantaži „Vlačine“ (Zadar). Značajno veće vrijednosti ukupne suhe tvari, ukupnih polifenola i antioksidativnog kapaciteta utvrđene su u 2012., dok su veće vrijednosti ukupnih kiselina i antocijana utvrđene u 2013. godini, što se može dovesti u svezu s većim količinama oborina i nižim temperaturama u fazi zriobe plodova u 2013. godini. Značajno niže vrijednosti antocijana u 2012. u odnosu na 2013. godinu mogu se objasniti ekstremno visokim temperaturama u fazi zriobe u 2012. godini, koje prema literaturnim navodima mogu smanjiti količinu antocijana i do 90 %. U obje godine istraživanja utvrđena je pozitivna korelacija između ukupnih polifenola i antocijana, što potvrđuje činjenicu da su antocijani dominantni polifenolni spojevi u plodu maraske.

Višnja maraska (Prunus cerasus var. Marasca) jedna je od najznačajnijih voćnih vrsta Dalmacije, još od 16 stoljeća od kada datira i proizvodnja poznatog likera Maraschino. Areal rasprostranjenosti maraske ograničen je uglavnom na dio područja sjeverne i srednje Dalmacije od Zadra do Makarske, gdje klima i tlo omogućuju postizanje visoke kvalitete ploda i specifične arome. Provedena istraživanja imala su za cilj utvrditi fizikalno-kemijske parametre (ukupnu suhu tvar, vodotopivu suhu tvar, ukupnu kiselost, udio mesa i koštica), ukupne polifenole i antocijane te antioksidativni kapacitet u plodu višnje maraske u dvije klimatski različite godine (2012 i 2013), na plantaži „Vlačine“ (Zadar). Značajno veće vrijednosti ukupne suhe tvari, ukupnih polifenola i antioksidativnog kapaciteta utvrđene su u 2012., dok su veće vrijednosti ukupnih kiselina i antocijana utvrđene u 2013. godini, što se može dovesti u svezu s većim količinama oborina i nižim temperaturama u fazi zriobe plodova u 2013. godini. Značajno niže vrijednosti antocijana u 2012. u odnosu na 2013. godinu mogu se objasniti ekstremno visokim temperaturama u fazi zriobe u 2012. godini, koje prema literaturnim navodima mogu smanjiti količinu antocijana i do 90 %. U obje godine istraživanja utvrđena je pozitivna korelacija između ukupnih polifenola i antocijana, što potvrđuje činjenicu da su antocijani dominantni polifenolni spojevi u plodu maraske., Sour cherry cv. Marasca (Prunus cerasus cv. Marasca) is one of the most important fruit species of Dalmatia ever since 16th century. Production of the famous liqueur Maraschino began at that time. The areal of the prevalence of marasca is limited mainly to the part of the north and central Dalmatia, from Zadar to Makarska, where the climate and soil allow the achievement of high fruit quality and specific aroma. The investigations were aimed to determine the physico-chemical parameters (total dry matter, water soluble dry matter, total acids and percentage of flesh and endocarp in fruit) and biologically active compounds (total polyphenols, anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity) of the marasca cherry fruit in the climatic two different years (2012 and 2013) on the „Vlačine” (Zadar) plantation. Significantly higher values of total dry matter, total polyphenols and antioxidant capacity were determined in 2012, while in 2013 higher values of total acids and anthocyanins were determined. That can be brought into connection with significantly higher amount of precipitation and lower temperatures in the phase of fruit ripening in 2013. In both years of investigation a positive correlation between the total polyphenols and anthocyanins was determine which confirms the fact that the anthocyanins are dominant polyphenolic compounds in the marasca fruit. Significantly lower values of anthocyanins in 2012. compared to 2013. can be explained by the extremely high temperatures in the stage of maturity in 2012. which, according to the literature, can reduce the amount of anthocyanins up to 90%

Humus ima specifičnu, višestruko pozitivnu ulogu u fizikalnim, kemijskim i mikrobiološkim značajkama tla. Doprinosi formiranju stabilnih agregata, strukturi tla, aeraciji, poboljšanju ritma infiltracije i povećanju kapaciteta skladištenja vode. Kao skladište za biljna hraniva ujedno je izvor plodnosti tla. Također, služi kao pufer protiv brzih promjena reakcije tla (pH) i djeluje kao izvor energije za mikroorganizme u tlu. Uvažavajući gore iznijeto, kao i činjenicu da trajni nasadi (voćnjaci i vinogradi) na istoj površini ostaju dugi niz godina te da je potrebno žurno formirati tratinu u međurednom prostoru, poznavanje razine humusa u tlima namijenjenim za podizanje voćnjaka i vinograda je od izuzetne važnosti. Temeljem analiza cca četiri tisuće uzoraka tla (računajući oranični sloj 0-30 cm i podoranični sloj 30-60 cm) iz 16 županija Republike Hrvatske, utvrđena je količina humusa. Uzorci tla uzeti su u periodu od 2000. do 2006. godine , tj. u vrijeme kad se krenulo u znatnije podizanje voćnjaka i vinograda, popraćeno poticajima za podizanje trajnih nasada (Biško i sur., 2005a.; Biško i sur. 2005b.). Količina humusa određena je metodom po Tjurinu (Škorić i Seretić 1966.). U konačnici, izračunate su i prosječne vrijednosti (% humusa) oraničnog i podoraničnog sloja tla što čini ukupno 2.038 uzoraka i predstavlja isto toliko proizvodnih površina sa kojih su uzeti prosječni uzorci. Prosječne vrijednosti količine humusa po pojedinoj županiji kretale su se od 1,53 % u Virovitičko-podravskoj do 3,32 % u Primorsko-goranskoj županiji. U ostalim županijama utvrđene su sljedeće prosječne vrijednosti humusa: Koprivničko-križevačka 1,54 %, Požeško-slavonska 1,62 %, Vukovarsko-srijemska 1,63 %, Bjelovarsko-bilogorska 1,78 %, Brodsko-posavska 1,80 %, Zadarska i Međimurska 2,01 %, Sisačko-moslavačka 2,13 %, Istarska 2,15 %, Zagrebačka 2,22 %, Krapinsko-zagorska 2,23 %, Karlovačka 2,44 %, Šibensko-kninska 2,74 % i Ličko-senjska 2,89 %. Utvrđene vrijednosti uspoređene su s Izvješćem Europskog ureda za istraživanje tala (Br. 15) Europske Komisije: „Organic Matter in the Soils of Southern Europe”, Zdruli i sur., 2004., Humus has a specific, multiple positive influence on physical, chemical and microbiological soil characteristics. It contributes to the formation of stable aggregates, soil structure and aeration, improvement of infiltration rhythm and to an increase of water storage capacity. Being a storage for plant nutrients, it is a source of fertility at the same time. Furthermore, it is also a buffer against rapid changes in soil reaction (pH) and acts as an energy source for microorganisms in the soil. Taking into consideration aforementioned, as well as the fact that permanent plantations (orchards and vineyards) stay in the same area for a longer time, the need for urgent growth of grass between rows, understanding levels of humus in soils intended for establishment of orchards and vineyards is of utmost importance. Based on the analysis of approximately four thousand soil samples (including topsoil 0-30 cm and subsoil 30-60 cm) from 16 counties in the Republic of Croatia, humus content was determined. Soil samples were taken in the period between 2000 and 2006, in the time of planting major orchards and vineyards, accompanied by incentives for setting us permanent plantations (Biško et al., 2005a; Biško et al. 2005b). Humus content was determined by Tjurin method (Škorić i Sertić, 1966). Finally, mean values (% humus) of topsoil and subsoil were calculated which accounts for 2.038 samples, representing the same number of plots from which samples were taken. Mean values of humus content per each county ranged between 1.53% in Virovitičko-podravska County and 3.32% in Primorsko-goranska County. For other counties the following mean values of humus content were determined: Koprivničko-križevačka 1.54%, Požeško-slavonska 1.62%, Vukovarsko-srijemska 1.63%, Bjelovarsko-bilogorska 1.78%, Brodsko-posavska 1.80%, Zadarska and Međimurska 2.01%, Sisačko-moslavačka 2.13%, Istarska 2.15%, Zagrebačka 2.22%, Krapinsko-zagorska 2.23%, Karlovačka 2.44%, Šibensko-kninska 2.74% and Ličko-senjska 2.89%. Identified values were compared with the Report of the European Office for Soil Research (No 15) of the European Commission: “Organic Matter in the Soils of Southern Europe, Zdruli, et al. 2004.

Utjecaj reakcije tla na dinamiku kationskog odnosa (K/Ca+Mg) u lišću vinove loze istraživan je u razdoblju 2009-2010. godine na vinogradarskoj podregiji Plešivica. Istraživanja su provedena na sorti Souvignon bijeli (podloga SO4). Formirano je 9 pokusnih parcela u pravilnom kvadratnom rasporedu 3 x 3, a svaka od njih uključivala je 2 reda sa po 20 trsova, na dva lokaliteta: Rečki gaj (distrični kambisol, pseudoglej – pHKCl 3, 65–4, 35) i Borička (rendzina na laporu – pHKCl 7, 30–7, 35). Reakcija tla utvrđena je na početku vegetacije na obje lokacije, dok su za utvrđivanje dinamike kationskog odnosa u lišću vinove loze uzorci biljnog materijala uzimani tri puta tijekom vegetacije: u fazi cvatnje, fazi šare i u berbi. U berbi su uzeti i uzorci grožđa te su u moštu određeni količina šećera i ukupne kiseline. U obje godine istraživanja, u svim fazama vegetacije, utvrđen je širi odnos K/Ca+Mg na kiselom tlu (2009. god.: 0, 21-0, 48, 2010. god: 0, 34-0, 87) u odnosu na alkalno tlo (2009. god.: 0, 14-0, 31 ; 2010. god.: 0, 22-0, 59). Najveće vrijednosti odnosa (K/Ca+Mg) utvrđene su u fazi cvatnje, a padaju prema fazi berbe i na kiselom i na alkalnom tlu. Veće količine šećera u moštu utvrđene su na alkalnom tlu (23, 07- 28, 32 % Brixa) u odnosu na kiselo tlo (20, 50–26, 11 % Brixa), dok su količine ukupnih kiselina bile veće u moštu na kiselom tlu (4, 96–7, 26 g L-1) u odnosu na alkalno tlo (4, 33–6, 77 g L-1), u obje godine istraživanja.

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj folijarnih gnojiva na sadržaj suhe tvari i koncentraciju mineralnih elemenata u gomolju krumpira. Pokusi s tri tretmana folijarne gnojidbe (Epso Salt, Drin i Megagreen) te kontrolom (bez primjene folijarnih gnojiva) provedeni su u tri ponavljanja po shemi slučajno-bloknog rasporeda u plasteniku Agronomskog fakulteta tijekom vegetacijskih sezona 2006. i 2007. Folijarna gnojidba provedena je pet puta tijekom vegetacijskih sezona, u intervalima od deset dana, u razdoblju od faze inicijacije gomolja do faze fiziološke zrelosti. Sadržaj suhe tvari značajno se razlikovao pod utjecajem folijarnih tretmana u pojedinim vegetacijskim sezonama. U vegetacijskoj sezoni 2007. značajno veći sadržaj suhe tvari u gomolju ostvaren je kod tretmana Megagreen u odnosu na kontrolu. U 2006. sadržaj suhe tvari u gomolju krumpira nije bio pod utjecajem folijarnih tretmana. Najveća koncentracija dušika u gomolju utvrđena je kod tretmana Epso Salt u odnosu na kontrolu. Utjecaj folijarnih tretmana na koncentraciju fosfora, kalija i magnezija u gomolju nije bio značajan. Koncentracija kalcija u gomolju značajno je varirala pod utjecajem folijarnih tretmana u vegetacijskim sezonama. U 2006. najveću koncentraciju kalcija u gomolju ostvarila je kontrola, dok je u 2007. najveća koncentracija kalcija u gomolju utvrđena kod tretmana Epso Salt., The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foliar fertilizers on dry matter content and concentration of mineral elements in potato tubers. The experiments with three foliar fertilization treatments (Epso Salt, Drin and Megagreen) and control (without application of foliar fertilizers) were carried out in three replications and arranged in a randomized complete block design. The experiments were conducted in the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture during the vegetation seasons 2006 and 2007. Foliar fertilization was carried out five times during the vegetation seasons in ten-day intervals, in the period from the beginning of tuber formation to the stage of full tuberization. Dry matter content differed significantly under the influence of foliar treatments in different vegetation seasons. Significantly higher dry matter content in potato tubers was achieved in 2007 by Megagreen treatment compared to control. In 2006, dry matter content in potato tubers was not affected by foliar treatments. Significantly the highest concentration of nitrogen in tubers was found in Epso Salt treatment compared to control. The effect of foliar treatments on concentration of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in tubers was not significant. The concentration of calcium in tubers significantly varied under the influence of foliar treatments in vegetation seasons. In 2006 the highest concentration of calcium in tubers achieved control, while in 2007 the highest concentration of calcium in tubers was determined in Epso Salt treatment.

Trogodišnje istraživanje utjecaja reakcije tla na količinu šećera i ukupnih kiselina u moštu sorte Sauvignon bijeli, na podlozi Berlandieri x Riparia (SO4), provedeno je na području Plešivičkog vinogorja, sjeverozapadna Hrvatska, u razdoblju 2007-2009 godine. Temeljem rezultata preliminarnih istraživanja fizikalnokemijskih svojstava i biljno hranidbenog kapaciteta tla za istraživanje su odabrane dvije lokacije: „Rečki gaj“ s jako kiselom do kiselom reakcijom tla (pHKCl 3,76-4,63) i „Borička“ s alkalnom reakcijom tla (pHKCl 7,24-7,35). Na svakoj lokaciji formirano je 9 pokusnih parcela u pravilnom kvadratnom rasporedu 3 x 3, a svaka od njih uključivala je 2 reda sa po 20 trsova (40 trsova po pokusnoj parceli). Kontrolni uzorci tla uzimani su svake godine na početku vegetacije sa svake parcele, dok su uzorci mošta analizirani svake godine nakon berbe. Rezultati kemijskih analiza prosječnih uzoraka tla, uzetih svake godine na početku vegetacije s pokusnih parcela na svakoj od lokacija, pokazali su da tijekom trajanja istraživanja nije bilo značajnih odstupanja u pH vrijednosti tla, kao ni koncentracijama fosfora, mangana, željeza i cinka u tlu. Također, značajna odstupanja nisu utvrđena ni u koncentracijama mobilnog aluminija u kiselim tlima, kao ni količinama ukupnih karbonata i fiziološki aktivnog vapna u alkalnom tlu. Rezultati analize mošta ukazuju na činjenicu da postoji pozitivna korelacija između reakcije tla i količine šećera te negativna korelacija između reakcije tla i količine ukupnih kiselina. Tijekom svih godina istraživanja veće količine šećera u moštu utvrđene su na karbonatnom u odnosu na kisela tla, dok je kod ukupnih kiselina trend bio suprotan, odnosno veće koncentracije kiselina utvrđene su na kiselim tlima u odnosu na alkalno tlo., Investigation of influence of soil reaction on must total acids and sugar content was conducted in Plešivica wine growing region, northwestern Croatia, during 2007–2009, on variety Sauvignon Blanc, on the Berlandieri x Riparia (SO4) rootstock. Based on the results of preliminary investigations of the physicochemical properties and plant nutrient capacity of the soil, two locations were selected for investigation: “Rečki gaj”, with very acid to acid soil reaction (pHKCl 3.76 to 4.63) and “Borička” with alkaline soil reaction (pHKCl 7.24 to 7.35). At each location, nine experimental plots in a regular square arrangement 3 x 3 were formed, each of the plots included 2 rows with 20 vines (40 vines per experimental plot). Control soil samples from each plot were taken each year early in the season, while must samples were analyzed each year after the harvest. Results of chemical analysis of the control soil samples showed that there were no significant differences in soil pH, phosphorus, manganese, iron and zinc concentrations as well as mobile aluminum in acidic soils and total carbonate and physiologically active lime in alkaline soil. The results of must analysis show that there is a positive correlation between soil reaction and must sugar content and a negative correlation between soil reaction and must total acids. During all the years of research, higher amounts of sugar in the must have been determined on alkaline compared to acidic soils, while for the total acids trend was the opposite, higher concentrations of acids were found in acidic soils compared to alkaline soil.

Influence of soil reaction on phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) ratios in grapevine leaves was investigated during 2007 and 2008 in northwestern Croatia. The trial was set up on three vitisol subtypes: dystric cambisol (pHKCl 3.95), pseudogley (pHKCl 4.68) and rendzina on marl (pHKCl 7.35). Leaf samples were taken three times during the vegetation period, flowering, during verasion, and at the end of the growing period. The lowest P concentration was determined at flowering stage in 2007 on acid soil (0.15 % P DM), while the highest P concentration was determined in the same year at the harvest time on alkaline soil (0.60 % P DM). The highest Mn concentration (536.7 mg Mn kg-1 DM) in grapevine leaves was observed at the harvest time 2007 on very acid soil and were 3 to 5 times higher than optimal concentration (30-100 mg Mn kg-1 DM). The lowest Mn concentration was determined at the flowering stage 2008 on alkaline soil (22.4 mg Mn kg-1 DM). Smaller amounts of Fe in calcareous soil compared to acid soils were determined at all vegetation phases in 2007, while in 2008 the same trend was recorded only at harvest. In both years of investigation on acid soils an extremely unfavorable P:Mn ratio was determined and it ranged between 3.12 to 24.31. Alkaline soil P:Mn ratio was satisfactory in all sampling times in 2007, while during 2008 was significantly greater than the optimum (optimum P:Mn 25-50). Significantly more favorable P:Fe ratio in both years of research in all phases of the vegetation was determined on calcareous soil (21.3-38.45) compared to acid soils (9.17-31.94). Favorable Fe:Mn ratio was determined only on calcareous soil in 2007 year at harvest (1.38), while in 2008 this ratio was unfavorable in all phases of vegetation on acid (0.25-0.76) and calcareous soils (3.07-8.83).

Influence of soil reaction on the amount of manganese (Mn) in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. 'Sauvignon Blanc') was investigated in 2007 in the Plesivica wine-growing region, in Northwestern Croatia. The trial was set up on three vitisol subtypes: dystric cambisol (pH KCl 3.95), pseudogley (pH KCl , 4.68), and rendzina on marl (pH KCl , 7.35). Total Mn in the dystric cambisol ranged from 543 mg kg -1 (0-30 cm) to 593 mg kg -1 (30-60 cm), in the pseudogley from 523 mg kg -1 (0-30 cm) to 541 mg kg -1 (30-60 cm), and in the calcareous soil from 526 mg kg -1 (0-30 cm) to 539 mg kg -1 (30-60 cm). Identical agricultural management practices (tillage, fertilization and vine protection) were applied in all three vineyards. Manganese concentration in vine leaves was determined three times during the growing period: at the flowering and veraison stages, and at the end of the growing period. At the end of the growing period (harvest), Mn concentration also was determined in must, pomace and in cluster stems. At all sampling times, significantly higher leaf Mn concentrations were found on the acid soils compared to the calcareous soil. The highest leaf Mn concentration was observed at the veraison stage on the dystric cambisol and was 3 to 5 times higher than optimal concentration (30-100 mg kg -1 DM). Manganese concentrations in must were 2.3, in pomace 2.1, and in cluster stems as much as 5.3 times higher on very acid soil compared to calcareous soil. Significantly lower Mn concentrations in must and pomace than in leaves and cluster stems may indicate poor translocation of Mn from leaves and cluster stems into berries.

Ispitana je reakcija tri kultivara (Elsanta, Marmolada i Miranda) jagode Fragaria ananassa Duch. na primanje i raspodjelu kalcija u uvjetima zaslanjene hranidbene podloge (0-kontrola ; 0, 5 ; 1, 0 ; 2, 0 ; 3, 0 i 4, 0 g NaCl L-1 vode za zalijevanje, što odgovara EC vrijednostima: 0, 73 ; 1, 65 ; 2, 66 ; 4, 37 ; 5, 93 i 7, 81 mS cm-1). Dvogodišnji vegetacijski pokus i mineralne analize provedeni su na Agronomskom fakultetu Sveuţilišta u Zagrebu. Dodatak i povešanje koncentracije soli u vodi za zalijevanje imao je utjecaj na primanje i raspodjelu kalcija po biljnim organima jagode. Pod utjecajem soli, koncentracija kalcija u starim i mladim listovima nije se znaţajno mijenjala, dok se ista u korjenu i plodu značajno smanjila, a u cvatnom izboju značajno povećala. Primanje i raspodjela kalcija bili su pod manjim utjecajem soli nego primanje i raspodjela kalija. Najznačajniji utjecaj soli na sadržaj kalcija (smanjenje) utvrđen je u plodu i korjenu. Redoslijed kvantitativne zastupljenosti (prosjek, %Ca na S.T.) po biljnim organima bio je: stari listovi 2, 61>mladi listovi 1, 54>korijen 1, 17 >cvatni izboj 1, 01 > plod 0, 50

Influence of soil reaction on phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium dynamics in grapevine was studied on the variety Sauvignon Blanc in 2007, in the Plešivica wine-growing region. Investigations were conducted on three vitisol subtypes: dystric cambisol (pHKCl 3.73-3.76), pseudogley (pHKCl 4.67-4.69) and rendzina on marl (pHKCl 7.21-7.27). To establish the amount and dynamics of P, K, Ca and Mg in plant material, leaf samples were taken three times during the growing period: at the fl owering and veraison stages and at the end of the growing period. At all sampling times, signifi cantly higher leaf contents of P, Ca and Mg were found on alkaline soil compared to acid soils, while diff erences in K levels were not statistically signifi cant. Diff erences in P contents may be explained by better solubility and thereby better availability of P from Ca-phosphates compared to Al, Mn and Fe-phosphates in acid soils. In addition, the cation ratio K/(Ca+Mg) that has a signifi cant infl uence on grape quality, was also determined in leaves. Compared to optimal values (0.30– 0.40), the least favourable ratio K/(Ca+Mg) was recorded at fl owering on acid soils (0.38– 0.77) and at harvest on calcareous soil (0.12– 0.27). Diff erences in the content of sugar and total acids in must indicate a positive correlation between leaf contents of P, Ca and Mg and sugar content of must, and a negative correlation between leaf contents of P, Ca and Mg and the total acid content of must.

Ispitana je reakcija tri kultivara (Elsanta, Marmolada i Miranda) jagode Fragaria ananassa Duch. na primanje i raspodjelu magnezija u uvjetima zaslanjene hranidbene podloge (0-kontrola ; 0, 5 ; 1, 0 ; 2, 0 ; 3, 0 i 4, 0 g NaCl L-1 vode za zalijevanje, što odgovara EC vrijednostima: 0, 73 ; 1, 65 ; 2, 66 ; 4, 37 ; 5, 93 i 7, 81 mS cm-1). Dvogodišnji vegetacijski pokus i mineralne analize provedeni su na Agronomskom fakultetu Sveuţilišta u Zagrebu. Dodatak i povećanje koncentracije soli u vodi za zalijevanje imao je utjecaj na raspodjelu magnezija po biljnim organima jagode. Pod utjecajem soli, koncentracija magnezija u starim i mladim listovima nije se znaţajno mijenjala, dok se ista u korjenu i plodu značajno smanjila, a u cvatnom izboju znaţajno povećala. Primanje i raspodjela magnezija bili su pod manjim utjecajem soli nego primanje i raspodjela kalija. Miranda je imala najbolju mogućnost kontrole promjene koncentracije magnezija, pod utjecajem soli. Najznačajniji utjecaj soli na sadržaj magnezija (smanjenje) utvrđen je u korjenu, dok su stari listovi imali najstabilniju koncentraciju. Redoslijed kvantitativne zastupljenosti (prosjek, %Mg na S.T.) po biljnim organima bio je: stari listovi 0, 43 ; mladi listovi 0, 41 ; korijen 0, 39 = cvatni izboj 0, 39 > plod 0, 37

The research aim was to determine the influence of different organic and mineral fertilization treatments and post-harvest treatments on the content of nitrogen and crude proteins in the edible part of beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva). A field trial (2003-2005) was set up in a hilly part of Croatia according to the Latin square method with four types of fertilization (control, 50 t ha-1 stable manure, 500 and 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30), while treatments involved harvested fresh beetroot and stored fresh beetroot. The highest dry weight (DW) content was determined in climatologically favourable 2004 (average 14.8% DW) and in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (15.6% DW) in harvested beetroot. In 2004 and 2005, the highest levels of nitrogen and crude proteins in harvested beetroot were determined in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (2.41 and 2.43 g N kg-1 in fresh weight and 15.07 and 15.21 g crude proteins kg-1 in fresh weight, respectively). Regardless of fertilization treatment or studied year, nitrogen and crude protein contents were higher in stored than in harvested beetroot, by 12% on average. The lowest crude protein content was determined in treatment with stable manure what confirmed that protein content decreased by organic fertilization. It can be concluded that beetroot lost some water during the storage period, which increased its content of nitrogen and crude proteins in fresh weight and thus increased the nutritional quality of beetroot as a functional food.