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1. Short-Cycle Therapy with Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in a Small Cohort of Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV: A Long-Term Follow-Up

Author

Massimiliano Lanzafame, Emanuela Lattuada, Andrea Delama, Giovanni Mori, and Sandro Vento

Subjects
antiretroviral treatment, short-cycle therapy, HIV, virologically suppressed people, bictegravir, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Background: Antiretroviral triple therapy has considerably reduced morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV and is the standard-of-care treatment. However, it is lifelong and linked to long-term side effects and adherence problems. Methods: Here, we report long-term virological and immunological outcome in 12 virally suppressed people on short-cycle therapy with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide administered five days a week (Monday to Friday). Results: All patients, after a long term follow-up, were virally suppressed Conclusions: In the wait for new long-acting antiretroviral drugs and new antiretroviral formulations, short-cycle therapy has proven to be a safe and effective alternative to the standard daily antiretroviral regimen for individuals living with HIV who are virologically suppressed.

Published
2024
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3. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and hyaluronic acid levels as markers of fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease at the main tertiary referral hospital in Ghana: A case‐control study design

Author

Bartholomew Dzudzor, Harris Hammond, Kenneth Tachi, Anna Alisi, Sandro Vento, Richard Kwasi Gyasi, and Justice Moses K Aheto

Subjects
25‐OH vitamin D, CLD, fibrosis, HA, inflammation, markers, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Liver fibrosis leading to chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and health‐care expenditure worldwide. The “gold standard” for diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis is histological analysis of liver tissue obtained by liver biopsy, an invasive procedure. Therefore, there is the need to identify noninvasive and inexpensive markers for diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis. This study aimed at evaluating the correlation of hyaluronic acid (HA) and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25‐OH vitamin D) serum levels as markers of fibrosis with histologically staged and graded liver biopsies obtained from CLD patients. Methods This was a case‐control study involving 40 CLD patients requiring liver biopsies and 40 controls. Liver biopsies were staged to determine the degree of fibrosis. Serum levels of 25‐OH vitamin D and HA were determined using ELISA. Statistical analyses were performed to determine differences in HA and 25‐OH vitamin D levels between controls and patients as well as to correlate the biomarkers with the stages of fibrosis. Results CLD patients showed significant (p

Published
2023
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4. Mini-review: Silico-tuberculosis

Author

Massimiliano Lanzafame and Sandro Vento

Subjects
Silico-tuberculosis, Silicosis, Tuberculosis, Miners, Mining, Low income countries, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Silicosis continues to be a serious health issue in many countries and its elimination by 2030 (a target set by WHO and the International Labour Organization in 1995) is virtually impossible. The risk to develop pulmonary tuberculosis for silicosis patients is higher than for non-silicosis people, and there is also an increased risk of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in individuals exposed to silica. HIV coinfection adds further to the risk, and in some countries, such as South Africa, miners living with HIV are a considerable number. The diagnosis of active tuberculosis superimposed on silicosis is often problematic, especially in initial phases, and chest X-ray and smear examination are particularly important for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Treatment is difficult; directly observed therapy is recommended, a duration of at least eight months is probably needed, drug reactions are frequent and the risk of relapse higher than in non-silicosis patients. TB prevention in silicosis patients is essential and include active surveillance of the workers, periodic chest X-rays, tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma releasing assay testing, and, importantly, adoption of measures to reduce the exposure to silica dust. Chemoprophylaxis is possible with different regimens and needs to be expanded around the world, but efficacy is unfortunately limited. Silico-tuberculosis is still a challenging health problem in many countries and deserves attention worldwide.

Published
2021
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5. Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and hepatitis C in three large regions of Kazakhstan.

Author

Alexander Nersesov, Arnur Gusmanov, Byron Crape, Gulnara Junusbekova, Salim Berkinbayev, Almagul Jumabayeva, Jamilya Kaibullayeva, Saltanat Madenova, Mariya Novitskaya, Margarita Nazarova, Abduzhappar Gaipov, Aiymkul Ashimkhanova, Kainar Kadyrzhanuly, Kuralay Atageldiyeva, Sandro Vento, and Alpamys Issanov

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Background & aimsKazakhstan has implemented comprehensive programs to reduce the incidence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. This study aims to assess seroprevalence and risk factors for HBsAg and anti-HCV positivity in three large regions of Kazakhstan.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in three regions geographically remote from each other. Participants were randomly selected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling and were surveyed by a questionnaire based on the WHO STEP survey instrument. Blood samples were collected for HBsAg and anti-HCV testing.ResultsA total of 4,620 participants were enrolled. The seroprevalence was 5.5% (95%CI: 3.6%-8.4%) for HBsAg and 5.1% (95%CI: 3.5%-7.5%) for anti-HCV antibodies. Both were more prevalent in the western and northern regions than in the southern. A history of blood transfusion was significantly associated with anti-HCV presence, with odds ratios (ORs) of 2.10 (95%CI: 1.37-3.21) and was borderline associated with HBsAg 1.39 (95%CI: 0.92-2.10), respectively. Having a family member with viral hepatitis was also borderline associated (2.09 (95%CI: 0.97-4.50)) with anti-HCV positivity.ConclusionsThis study found a high-intermediate level of endemicity for HBsAg and a high level of endemicity for anti-HCV antibodies in three large regions of Kazakhstan. We found that history of surgery was not associated with HbsAg neither with anti-HCV seropositivity rates. Blood transfusion was associated with anti-HCV seropositivity, however, to investigate effectiveness of the introduced comprehensive preventive measures in health care settings, there is a need to conduct further epidemiological studies.

Published
2021
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10. Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Author

Massimiliano Lanzafame and Sandro Vento

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is an excessive immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that may occur in either HIV-infected or uninfected patients, during or after completion of anti-TB therapy. In HIV-infected patients it occurs after initiation of antiretroviral therapy independently from an effective suppression of HIV viremia. There are two forms of IRIS: paradoxical or unmasking. Paradoxical IRIS is characterized by recurrent, new, or worsening symptoms of a treated case. Unmasking IRIS is an antiretroviral-associated inflammatory manifestation of a subclinical infection with a hastened presentation. The pathogenesis is incompletely understood and the epidemiology partially described. No specific tests can establish or rule out the diagnosis. Treatment is based on the use of anti-tuberculosis drugs sometime with adjunctive corticosteroids. Mortality is generally low. Keywords: Tuberculosis, IRIS, Immune reconstitution, HIV, Antiretrovirals

Published
2016
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11. Detection of Hepatitis E Antibodies in Kazakhstan: A Pilot Study

Author

Francesca Cainelli, Gonzalo Hortelano, Baurzhan Negmetzhanov, Aigerim Ibrayeva, Kulpash Kaliaskarova, Denis Bulanin, and Sandro Vento

Subjects
Hepatitis E, anti-HEV antibodies, Kazakhstan, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Introduction. Hepatitis E virus exposure is associated with sporadic cases of acute hepatitis and outbreaks in many countries worldwide. It is particularly dangerous for pregnant women, in whom the mortality rate is high. There are no previously published data reporting circulation of this virus in Kazakhstan. Methods. We tested blood samples for IgG anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies in 199 Kazakh participants; of these 119 were workers at the EXPO 2017 building site in Astana, 35 were volunteers who got tested at the Astana City Hall on the World Hepatitis Day 2017, and 45 were volunteers who presented for screening at the Hepatogastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of the Republican Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center. Results. 11 (5.5%) individuals were positive for IgG anti-HEV antibodies, with a higher seroprevalence in males (7; 6.8%) vs females (4; 4.5%). The highest number of positive samples was in the 32-46 years age group. Conclusions. This pilot study suggests that Hepatitis E virus has been circulating in Kazakhstan. Studies are needed to determine whether it continues to be present, which viral genotypes are involved and what are the best methodologies for preventing its spread.

Published
2018
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12. The Expanding Therapeutic Perspective of CCR5 Blockade

Author

Luca Vangelista and Sandro Vento

Subjects
CCR5, CCL5, inflammation, HIV-1, cancer, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

CCR5 and its interaction with chemokine ligands have been crucial for understanding and tackling HIV-1 entry into target cells. However, over time, CCR5 has witnessed an impressive transition from being considered rather unimportant in physiology and pathology to becoming central in a growing number of pathophysiological conditions. It now turns out that the massive efforts devoted to combat HIV-1 entry by interfering with CCR5, and the subsequent production of chemokine ligand variants, small chemical compounds, and other molecular entities and strategies, may set the therapeutic standards for a wealth of different pathologies. Expressed on various cell types, CCR5 plays a vital role in the inflammatory response by directing cells to sites of inflammation. Aside HIV-1, CCR5 has been implicated in other infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Individuals carrying the CCR5Δ32 mutation live a normal life and are warranted a natural barrier to HIV-1 infection. Therefore, CCR5 antagonism and gene-edited knockout of the receptor gained growing interest for the therapeutic role that CCR5 blockade may play in the attenuation of the severity or progression of numerous diseases.

Published
2018
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15. A reduced dose of darunavir/ritonavir is effective in PI-experienced HIV-infected patients

Author

Massimiliano Lanzafame, MD, Stefano Bonora, Professor, Emanuela Lattuada, MD, Andrea Calcagno, and Sandro Vento, Professor

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Darunavir (DRV) is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor that is used together with a low boosting dose of ritonavir as part of an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen in treatment-experienced and naïve HIVpositive patients. In naïve and experienced patients with no DRV-mutations, DRV is licensed at the dose of 800 mg plus 100 mg of ritonavir once daily. We report our results in seven ART-experienced HIV-infected patients, in whom a reduced dose of darunavir/ritonavir (600/100 mg once daily) successfully controlled viral replication Keywords: HIV infections, pharmacokinetics antiretroviral therapy, highly active

Published
2011
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16. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura-Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome and pregnancy

Author

Julius Chacha Mwita, Sandro Vento, and Tadele Benti

Subjects
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-haemolytic uremic syndrome, pregnancy, Medicine
Abstract

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura-Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome (TTP-HUS) is a rare pregnancy and postpartum complication that may simulate the more common obstetric complications, preeclampsia and the syndrome of haemolysis, elevated liver functions tests, low platelets (HELLP). We describe a 26 years old patient who presented with peri-partum TTP-HUSand was initially treated as a case of HELLP syndrome without any improvement. A brief review of the current TTP-HUS treatment options in pregnancy is also presented.

Published
2014
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17. A reduced dose of darunavir/ritonavir is effective in PI-experienced HIV-infected patients

Author

Massimiliano Lanzafame, Stefano Bonora, Emanuela Lattuada, Andrea Calcagno, and Sandro Vento

Subjects
HIV infections, pharmacokinetics antiretroviral therapy, highly active, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Darunavir (DRV) is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor that is used together with a low boosting dose of ritonavir as part of an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen in treatment-experienced and naïve HIVpositive patients. In naïve and experienced patients with no DRV-mutations, DRV is licensed at the dose of 800 mg plus 100 mg of ritonavir once daily. We report our results in seven ART-experienced HIV-infected patients, in whom a reduced dose of darunavir/ritonavir (600/100 mg once daily) successfully controlled viral replication

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19. Case Report: Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon in a 7-month-old Cambodian infant

Author

Vireak Prom, Chinith Phauk, Angkeabos Nhep, and Sandro Vento

Abstract

Introduction. Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) is a rare condition associated with vascular tumors such as kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and tufted angioma; it can be life threatening, due to its consumptive coagulopathy. Thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia are characteristic of KMP, and anemia and raised d-dimer levels can also be detected. Here, we report a 7-month-old Cambodian with the condition. Case Presentation. The infant was admitted to the National Pediatric Hospital in Phnom Penh because of a mass on the right side of the neck that had been progressively enlarging. The patient had severe thrombocytopenia (8,000/µL), anemia (Hb 7.6g/dL) and reduced fibrinogen level (1.5g/L). CT scan and histology of the lesion confirmed a diagnosis of hemangioma. Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon was diagnosed, and the infant was treated with platelets and fresh frozen plasma infusions, prednisolone (2mg/kg/day) and propranolol (2.5mg/kg/day). After eight weeks of therapy, platelets raised to 102,000/µL. The infant developed Cushing’s syndrome after 6 months of treatment and prednisolone was scaled down to a maintenance dose of 0.5mg/kg/day. Fibrinogen levels went back to normal (2.14g/L) after seventeen months of treatment, and the tumor shrinked significantly. Conclusion. This case report shows that a combination of prednisolone and propranolol has been effective for KMP and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Timely recognition and treatment of Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon’s are essenti

Published
2023
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21. Short-cycle therapy in HIV-infected adults: rilpivirine combination 4 days on/3 days off therapy

Author

Ilaria Coledan, Rossella Gottardo, Lorenza Lambertenghi, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Silvia Gambino, Emanuela Lattuada, Stefano Nicolè, Sebastiano Rizzardo, Dora Luise, and Sandro Vento

Subjects
Pharmacology, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Rilpivirine, HIV Infections, Short cycle, chemistry.chemical_compound, Infectious Diseases, Patient satisfaction, Primary outcome, Pharmacokinetics, chemistry, Internal medicine, Hiv infected, Toxicity, HIV-1, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), business, Adverse effect
Abstract

Background Short-cycle therapy (SCT) is the administration of ART for 4 or 5 consecutive days a week, followed by 3 or 2 days off therapy. Its benefits include improving patient satisfaction and reducing ART toxicity and costs. Methods In this observational study we included HIV-infected adults with a three-drug ART containing rilpivirine, a history of long-term virological suppression and no evidence of resistance to previous drug regimens. Patients switched to a SCT of 4 days on/3 days off and were followed for 48 weeks with regular check-ups. The primary outcome was virological suppression; secondary outcomes were changes in CD4+ cells and rilpivirine plasma concentration, the occurrence of adverse events and resistance in the case of failure, and patient satisfaction. Results At week 48 no virological failure was observed, with a virological suppression rate of 30/30 (100%). Three patients switched back to continuous therapy for other reasons, with an overall success rate of SCT of 30/33 (90.9%, 95% CI = 81.24% to 100%). The CD4+ mean value increased by +64 cells/mm3 (95% CI = −59 to +187 cells/mm3; P = 0.052). No adverse events were observed and the mean total score in the satisfaction questionnaire was 57.7/60 (96.22%). Rilpivirine plasma concentration was below the efficacy threshold in 71.3% of the samples, suggesting that the patients’ characteristics, more than the drug’s pharmacokinetics, played a role in maintaining virological suppression. Conclusions SCT with rilpivirine-containing regimens could be an effective alternative to continuous therapy in selected HIV-infected patients with previous long-term virological suppression.

Published
2021
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22. Monkeypox: Immune response, vaccination and preventive efforts

Author

Youdiil Ophinni, Andri Frediansyah, Salin Sirinam, Dewi Megawati, Ana M. Stoian, Seyi S. Enitan, Richard Y. Akele, Ranjit Sah, Krit Pongpirul, Ziad Abdeen, Sevda Aghayeva, Aamer Ikram, Yohannes Kebede, Uwe Wollina, Kannan Subbaram, Ai Koyanagi, Abdulwahed Al Serouri, H. Blaise Nguendo-Yongsi, Jeffrey Edwards, Dina E. Sallam, Yousef Khader, Sandro G. Viveiros-Rosa, Ziad A. Memish, Mehrdad Amir-Behghadami, Sandro Vento, Marius Rademaker, and Malik Sallam

Abstract

Infectious threats to humans are continuously emerging. The 2022 worldwide monkeypox outbreak is the latest of these threats with the virus rapidly spreading to 106 countries by the end of September 2022. The burden of the ongoing monkeypox outbreak is manifested by 68,000 cumulative confirmed cases and 26 deaths. Although monkeypox is usually a self-limited disease, patients can suffer from extremely painful skin lesions and complications can occur with reported mortalities. The antigenic similarity between the smallpox virus (variola virus) and monkeypox virus can be utilized to prevent monkeypox using smallpox vaccines; treatment is also based on antivirals initially designed to treat smallpox. However, further studies are needed to fully decipher the immune response to monkeypox virus and the immune evasion mechanisms. In this review we provide an up-to-date discussion of the current state of knowledge regarding monkeypox virus with a special focus on innate immune response, immune evasion mechanisms and vaccination against the virus.

Published
2022
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24. Acceptance and willingness to purchase a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine in a region under Shariah law: A cross-sectional study in Aceh, Indonesia

Author

Muhammad A. Rayhan, Mudatsir Mudatsir, Nurjannah Nurjannah, Ichsan Ichsan, Mehrdad Amir-Behghadami, Yousef S. Khader, Ai Koyanagi, Ranjit Sah, Sandro G. Viveiros-Rosa, Mohammed A. Mamun, Yohannes K. Lemu, Assarag Bouchra, Laure SG. Linguissi, Aamer Ikram, Dina E. Sallam, Konstantinos Parperis, Uwe Wollina, Marius Rademaker, Sandro Vento, and Said Usman

Abstract

Vaccines are urgently needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine the acceptance of and willingness to purchase a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine in the general population of Aceh, a holistic Shariah law implementation province in Indonesia. An online cross-sectional study was conducted using a quota sampling technique between 1 to 24 September 2021. To determine hypothetical vaccine acceptance, respondents were asked if they were willing to accept vaccines with combinations of either 50% or 95% effectiveness and either 5% or 20% risk of adverse effects. Willingness to purchase was assessed by asking whether the participants would pay for such vaccines at certain price points. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associated determinants. Out of 377 respondents included in the final analysis, 86.5% were willing to accept a COVID-19 vaccine with 95% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects. The acceptance rate dropped to 45.1% if the risk of adverse effects was 20%. Vaccines with 50% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects were acceptable to 42.2% but the acceptance went down to 17.2% if the risk of adverse effects increased to 20%. Multivariate analysis found that men were twice as likely to accept a vaccine with 95% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects compared to females (aOR: 2.01; 95% CI 1.05–3.86). We found that 156/377 (41.3%) of respondents were willing to purchase a COVID-19 vaccine and of these participants 71.1% were willing to pay between Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) 50,000–150,000 (US$ 3.33–10.00). In conclusion, the acceptance rate of a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine varied based on effectiveness and the risk of adverse effects.

Published
2022
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25. Acute severe hepatitis of unknown etiology in children: A mini-review

Author

Andri Frediansyah, Malik Sallam, Amanda Yufika, Khan Sharun, Muhammad Iqhrammullah, Deepak Chandran, Sukamto S. Mamada, Dina E. Sallam, Yousef Khader, Yohannes K. Lemu, Fauzi Yusuf, James-Paul Kretchy, Ziad Abdeen, J. Smith Torres-Roman, Yogesh Acharya, Anastasia Bondarenko, Aamer Ikram, Kurnia F. Jamil, Katarzyna Kotfis, Ai Koyanagi, Lee Smith, Dewi Megawati, Marius Rademaker, Talha B. Emran, Ziad A. Memish, Sandro Vento, Firzan Nainu, and Harapan Harapan

Abstract

The emergence of acute, severe non hepA–E hepatitis of unknown etiology (ASHUE) has attracted global concern owing to the very young age of the patients and its unknown etiology. Although this condition has been linked to several possible causes, including viral infection, drugs and/or toxin exposure, the exact cause remains unknown; this makes treatment recommendation very difficult. In this review, we summarize recent updates on the clinical manifestations, complemented with laboratory results, case numbers with the global distribution and other epidemiological characteristics, and the possible etiologies. We also provide the proposed actions that could be undertaken to control and prevent further spread of this hepatitis. Since many etiological and pathological aspects of the acute non hepA–E hepatitis remain unclear, further research is needed to minimize the severe impact of this disease.

Published
2022
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26. Global multi-stakeholder endorsement of the MAFLD definition

Author

Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Robert G Gish, Frank Lammert, Herbert Tilg, Mindie H Nguyen, Shiv K Sarin, Núria Fabrellas, Shira Zelber-Sagi, Jian-Gao Fan, Gamal Shiha, Giovanni Targher, Ming-Hua Zheng, Wah-Kheong Chan, Shlomo Vinker, Takumi Kawaguchi, Laurent Castera, Yusuf Yilmaz, Marko Korenjak, C Wendy Spearman, Mehmet Ungan, Melissa Palmer, Mortada El-Shabrawi, Hans-Juergen Gruss, Jean-François Dufour, Anil Dhawan, Heiner Wedemeyer, Jacob George, Luca Valenti, Yasser Fouad, Manuel Romero‐Gomez, Mohammed Eslam, Maria Lorena Abate, Bahaa Abbas, Ahmed Amr Abbassy, Waleed Abd El Ghany, Amira Abd Elkhalek, Emad Abd ElMajeed, Mohammad Abdalgaber, Mohamed AbdAllah, Marwa Abdallah, Nourhan Abdallah, Shereen Abdelaleem, Yasser Abdelghani, Wael Abdelghany, Safaa Mohamed Abdelhalim, Wafaa Abdelhamid, Nehal Abdelhamid, Nadia A. Abdelkader, Elsayed Abdelkreem, Aly Mohamed Abdelmohsen, Awny Ali Abdelrahman, Sherief M Abd-elsalam, Doaa Abdeltawab, Abdulbaset Abduh, Nada Abdulhakam, Maheeba Abdulla, Navid Abedpoor, Ludovico Abenavoli, Fredrik Åberg, Omala Ablack, Mostafa Abo elftouh, Yousry Esam-Eldin Abo-Amer, Ashraf Aboubkr, Alaa Aboud, Amr M. Abouelnaga, Galal A. Aboufarrag, Ashraf Aboutaleb, Leticia Abundis, Gupse Adalı, Enrique Adames, Leon Adams, Danjuma Adda, Noor Adel, Nada Adel, Muhammad Adel Sayed, Taiba Jibril Afaa, Nawal Afredj, Gulnara Aghayeva, Alessio Aghemo, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Golo Ahlenstiel, Walid Ahmady, Wafaa Ahmed, Amira Ahmed, Samah Nasser Ahmed, Heba Mostafa Ahmed, Rasha Ahmed, Elmar Aigner, Mesut Akarsu, Maisam Akroush, Umit Akyuz, Mamun Al Mahtab, Tahani Al Qadiri, Yusriya Al Rawahi, Razzaq AL rubaee, Muna Al Saffar, Shahinul Alam, Zaid Al-Ani, Agustín Albillos, Mohamed Alboraie, Said Al-Busafi, Mohamed Al-Emam, Jawaher Alharthi, Kareem Ali, Basma Abdelmoez Ali, Mohammad Ali, Raja Affendi Raja Ali, Anna Alisi, Ali Raad AL-Khafaji, Maryam Alkhatry, Rocio Aller, Yahya Almansoury, Khalid Al-Naamani, Alaa Alnakeeb, Anna Alonso, Saleh A. Alqahtani, Leina Alrabadi, Khalid Alswat, Mahir Altaher, Turki Altamimi, Jose Altamirano, Mario R. Alvares-da-Silva, Elsragy Adel M. Aly, Amgad Alzahaby, Ahmed Alzamzamy, Keisuke Amano, Maysa A. Amer, Mona A. Amin, Sayed A. Amin, Ashraf A. Amir, Javier Ampuero, Noha Anas, Pietro Andreone, Soa Fy Andriamandimby, Mahmoud Anees, Peltec Angela, Manal Antonios, Wael Arafat, Jose Moreno Araya, Juan Armendariz-Borunda, Matthew J. Armstrong, Hassan Ashktorab, Patricia Aspichueta, Fathia Assal, Mira Atef, Dina Attia, Hoda Atwa, Reham Awad, Mohyeldeen Abd Elaziz Awad, Sally Awny, Obafemi Awolowo, Yaw Asante Awuku, Ibrahim Ayada, Than Than Aye, Sherif Ayman, Hedy Ayman, Hesham Ayoub, Hosny M. Azmy, Romiro P. Babaran, Omneya Badreldin, Ahmed Badry, İbrahim Halil Bahçecioğlu, Amira Bahour, Jiajia Bai, Yasemin Balaban, Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam, Khaled Bamakhrama, Jesus M Banales, Babu Bangaru, Jianfeng Bao, Jorge Suazo Barahona, Salma Barakat, Sandra Maria Barbalho, Bikwa Barbra, Beatriz Barranco, Francisco Barrera, Ulrich Baumann, Shamardan Bazeed, Eva Bech, Aourarh Benayad, Andreas Benesic, David Bernstein, Fernando Bessone, Susie Birney, Cyrille Bisseye, Martin Blake, Bilal Bobat, Leonilde Bonfrate, Dmitry S Bordin, Francisco Bosques-Padilla, Jerome Boursier, Boushab Mohamed Boushab, David Bowen, Patricia Medina Bravo, Paul N Brennan, Bisi Bright, Ilse Broekaert, Xabier Buque, Diego Burgos-Santamaría, Julio Burman, Luca Busetto, Chris D. Byrne, Patricia Anne I. Cabral-Prodigalidad, Guillermo Cabrera-Alvarez, Wei Cai, Francesca Cainelli, Ali Riza Caliskan, Ali Canbay, Ana Cano-Contreras, Hai-Xia Cao, Zhujun Cao, Andres Carrion, Francesca Carubbi, Teresa Casanovas, Marlen Ivón Castellanos Fernández, Jin Chai, Siew Pheng Chan, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Norberto Chavez-Tapia, Kazuaki Chayama, Jinjun Chen, Lin Chen, Zhong-Wei Chen, Huiting Chen, Sui-Dan Chen, Qiang Chen, Yaxi Chen, Gang Chen, En-Quang Chen, Fei Chen, Pei-Jer Chen, Robert Cheng, Wendy Cheng, Jack Tan Wei Chieh, Imad Chokr, Evangelos Cholongitas, Ashok Choudhury, Abhijit Chowdhury, Evaristus Sunday Chukwudike, Stefano Ciardullo, Michelle Clayton, Karine Clement, Marie Michelle Cloa, Cecilia Coccia, Cristina Collazos, Massimo Colombo, Arif Mansur Cosar, Helma Pinchemel Cotrim, Joris Couillerot, Alioune Coulibaly, Gonzalo Crespo, Javier Crespo, Maria Cruells, Ian Homer Y. Cua, Hesham K. Dabbous, George N Dalekos, Patricia D'Alia, Li Dan, Viet Hang Dao, Mostafa Darwish, Christian Datz, Milagros B Davalos-Moscol, Heba Dawoud, Blanca Olaechea de Careaga, Robert de Knegt, Victor de Ledinghen, Janaka de Silva, Nabil Debzi, Marie Decraecker, Elvira Del Pozo, Teresa C Delgado, Manuel Delgado-Blanco, Łukasz Dembiński, Adilson Depina, Moutaz Derbala, Hailemichael Desalegn, Christèle Desbois-Mouthon, Mahmoud Desoky, Anouk Dev, Agostino Di Ciaula, Moisés Diago, Ibrahima Diallo, Luis Antonio Díaz, Melisa Dirchwolf, Paola Dongiovanni, Andrriy Dorofeyev, Xiaoguang Dou, Mark W. Douglas, Michael Doulberis, Cecil K. Dovia, Adam Doyle, Ivana Dragojević, Joost PH Drenth, Xuefei Duan, Audrius Dulskas, Dan L Dumitrascu, Oliver Duncan, Vincent Dusabejambo, Rev. Shem N.A. Dwawhi, Sho Eiketsu, Doaa El Amrousy, Ahmed El Deeb, Ghada El Deriny, Hesham Salah El Din, Salwa El Kamshishy, Mohamed El Kassas, Maissa El Raziky, Osama A Elagamy, Wafaa Elakel, Dina Elalfy, Hanaa Elaraby, Heba ElAwady, Reda Elbadawy, Hanaa Hassan Eldash, Manal S. Eldefrawy, Carol Lezama Elecharri, Amel Elfaramawy, Mohammed Elfatih, Mahmoud Elfiky, Mohamed Elgamsy, Mohamed Elgendy, Mohamed A. El-Guindi, Nagi Elhussieny, Ahmed Maher Eliwa, Zeineb Elkabbany, Hesham El-Khayat, Nehal M. El-Koofy, Alaa Elmetwalli, Amr Elrabat, Fathiya El-Raey, Fatma Elrashdy, Medhat Elsahhar, Esraa M. Elsaid, Shimaa Elsayed, Hany Elsayed, Aly Elsayed, Amr M. Elsayed, Hamdy Elsayed, Magdy El-Serafy, Ahmed M. Elsharkawy, Reem Yehia Elsheemy, Eman Elsayed Elshemy, Sara Elsherbini, Naglaa Eltoukhy, Reda Elwakil, Ola Emad, Shaimaa Emad, Mohamed Embabi, Ilkay Ergenç, Tatiana Ermolova, Gamal Esmat, Doaa M. 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Falcon, L, Fan, Y, Fandari, S, Farag, M, Farahat, T, Fares, E, Fares, M, Fassio, E, Fathy, H, Fathy, D, Fathy, W, Fayed, S, Feng, D, Feng, G, Fernandez-Bermejo, M, Ferreira, C, Ferrer, J, Forbes, A, Fouad, R, Fouad, H, Frisch, T, Fujii, H, Fukunaga, S, Fukunishi, S, Fulya, H, Furuhashi, M, Gaber, Y, Galang, A, Gallardo, J, Galloso, R, Gamal, M, Gamal, R, Gamal, H, Gan, J, Ganbold, A, Gao, X, Garas, G, Garba, T, Garcia-Cortes, M, Garcia-Monzon, C, Garcia-Samaniego, J, Gastaldelli, A, Gatica, M, Gatley, E, Gegeshidze, T, Geng, B, Ghazinyan, H, Ghoneem, S, Giacomelli, L, Giannelli, G, Giannini, E, Giefer, M, Gines, P, Girala, M, Giraudi, P, Goh, G, Gomaa, A, Gong, B, Gonzales, D, Gonzalez, H, Gonzalez-Huezo, M, Graupera, I, Grgurevic, I, Gronbaek, H, Gu, X, Guan, L, Gueye, I, Guingane, A, Gul, O, Gul, C, Guo, Q, Gupta, P, Gurakar, A, Gutierrez, J, Habib, G, Hafez, A, Hagman, E, Halawa, E, Hamdy, O, Hamed, A, Hamed, D, Hamid, S, Hamoudi, W, Han, Y, Haridy, J, Haridy, H, Harris, D, Hart, M, Hasan, F, Hashim, A, Hassan, I, Hassan, A, Hassan, E, Hassan, M, Hassanin, F, Hassnine, A, Haukeland, J, Hawal, A, He, J, He, Q, He, Y, He, F, Hegazy, M, Hegazy, A, Henegil, O, Hernandez, N, Hernandez-Guerra, M, Higuera-de-la-Tijera, F, Hindy, I, Hirota, K, Ho, L, Hodge, A, Hosny, M, Hou, X, Huang, J, Huang, Y, Huang, Z, Huang, A, Huang, X, Hui-ping, S, Hunyady, B, Hussein, M, Hussein, O, Hussien, S, Ibanez-Samaniego, L, Ibdah, J, Ibrahim, L, Ibrahim, M, Ibrahim, I, Icaza-Chavez, M, Idelbi, S, Idilman, R, Ikeda, M, Indolfi, G, Invernizzi, F, Irshad, I, Isa, H, Iskandar, N, Ismaiel, A, Ismail, M, Ismail, Z, Ismail, F, Iwamoto, H, Jack, K, Jacob, R, Jafarov, F, Jafri, W, Jahshan, H, Jalal, P, Jancoriene, L, Janicko, M, Jayasena, H, Jefferies, M, Jha, V, Ji, F, Ji, Y, Jia, J, Jiang, C, Jiang, N, Jiang, Z, Jin, X, Jin, Y, Jing, X, Jingyu, Q, Jinjolava, M, Jong, F, Jucov, A, Julius, I, Kaddah, M, Kamada, Y, Kamal, A, Kamal, E, Kamel, A, Kao, J, Karin, M, Karlas, T, Kashwaa, M, Katsidzira, L, Kaya, E, Kayasseh, M, Keenan, B, Keklikkiran, C, Keml, W, Khalaf, D, Khalefa, R, Khamis, S, Khater, D, Khattab, H, Khavkin, A, Khlynova, O, Khmis, N, Kobyliak, N, Koffas, A, Koike, K, Kok, K, Koller, T, Komas, N, Korochanskaya, N, Koulla, Y, Koya, S, Kraft, C, Kraja, B, Krawczyk, M, Kuchay, M, Kulkarni, A, Kumar, A, Kumar, M, Lakoh, S, Lam, P, Lan, L, Lange, N, Lankarani, K, Lanthier, N, Lapshyna, K, Lashen, S, Laure, K, Lazebnik, L, Lebrec, D, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Leeming, D, Leite, N, Leon, R, Lesmana, C, Li, J, Li, Q, Li, Y, Li, L, Li, M, Liang, H, Lijuan, T, Lim, S, Lim, L, Lin, S, Lin, H, Lin, R, Lithy, R, Liu, Y, Liu, X, Liu, W, Liu, S, Liu, K, Liu, T, Lonardo, A, Lopez, M, Lopez-Benages, E, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lu, H, Lu, L, Lu, Y, Lubel, J, Lui, R, Lupasco, I, Luzina, E, Lv, X, Lynch, K, Ma, H, Machado, M, Maduka, N, Madzharova, K, Magdaong, R, Mahadeva, S, Mahfouz, A, Mahmood, N, Mahmoud, E, Mahrous, M, Maiwall, R, Majeed, A, Majumdar, A, Mak, L, Maklouf, M, Malekzadeh, R, Mandato, C, Mangia, A, Mann, J, Mansour, H, Mansouri, A, Mantovani, A, Mao, J, Maramag, F, Marchesini, G, Marcus, C, Marinho, R, Martinez-Chantar, M, Martins, A, Marwan, R, Mason, K, Masoud, G, Massoud, M, Matamoros, M, Mateos, R, Mawed, A, Mbanya, J, Mbendi, C, Mccolaugh, L, Mcleod, D, Medina, J, Megahed, A, Mehrez, M, Memon, I, Merat, S, Mercado, R, Mesbah, A, Meskini, T, Metwally, M, Metwaly, R, Miao, L, Micah, E, Miele, L, Milivojevic, V, Milovanovic, T, Mina, Y, Mishkovik, M, Mishriki, A, Mitchell, T, Mohamed, A, Mohamed, M, Mohamed, S, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, A, Mohan, V, Mohie, S, Mokhtar, A, Moniem, R, Montilla, M, Morales, J, Morata, M, Moreno-Planas, J, Morise, S, Mosaad, S, Moselhy, M, Mostafa, A, Mostafa, E, Mouane, N, Mousa, N, Moustafa, H, Msherif, A, Muller, K, Munoz, C, Munoz-Urribarri, A, Murillo, O, Mustapha, F, Muzurovic, E, Nabil, Y, Nafady, S, Nagamatsu, A, Nakajima, A, Nakano, D, Nan, Y, Nascimbeni, F, Naseef, M, Nashat, N, Natalia, T, Negro, F, Nersesov, A, Neuman, M, Ng'Wanasayi, M, Ni, Y, Nicoll, A, Niizeki, T, Nikolova, D, Ningning, W, Niriella, M, Nogoibaeva, K, Nordien, R, O Sullivan, C, O'Beirne, J, Obekpa, S, Ocama, P, Ochwoto, M, Ogolodom, M, Ojo, O, Okrostsvaridze, N, Oliveira, C, Omana, R, Omar, O, Omar, H, Omar, M, Omran, S, Omran, R, Osman, M, Owise, N, Owusu-Ansah, T, Padilla- Machaca, P, Palle, S, Pan, Z, Pan, X, Pan, Q, Papaefthymiou, A, Paquissi, F, Par, G, Parkash, A, Payawal, D, Peltekian, K, Peng, X, Peng, L, Peng, Y, Pengoria, R, Perez, M, Perez, J, Perez, N, Persico, M, Pessoa, M, Petta, S, Philip, M, Plaz Torres, M, Polavarapu, N, Poniachik, J, Portincasa, P, Pu, C, Purnak, T, Purwanto, E, Qi, X, Qian, Z, Qiang, Z, Qiao, Z, Qiao, L, Queiroz, A, Rabiee, A, Radwan, M, Rahetilahy, A, Ramadan, Y, Ramadan, D, Ramli, A, Ramm, G, Ran, A, Rankovic, I, Rao, H, Raouf, S, Ray, S, Reau, N, Refaat, A, Reiberger, T, Remes-Troche, J, Reyes, E, Richardson, B, Ridruejo, E, Riestra Jimenez, S, Rizk, I, Roberts, S, Roblero, J, Robles, J, Rockey, D, Rodriguez, M, Rodriguez Hernandez, H, Roman, E, Romeiro, F, Romeo, S, Rosales-Zabal, J, Roshdi, G, Rosso, N, Ruf, A, Ruiz, P, Runes, N, Ruzzenente, A, Ryan, M, Saad, A, Sabbagh, E, Sabbah, M, Saber, S, Sabrey, R, Sabry, R, Saeed, M, Said, D, Said, E, Sakr, M, Salah, Y, Salama, R, Salama, A, Saleh, H, Saleh, A, Salem, A, Salifou, A, Salih, A, Salman, A, Samouda, H, Sanai, F, Sanchez-Avila, J, Sanker, L, Sano, T, Sanz, M, Saparbu, T, Sawhney, R, Sayed, F, Sayed, S, Sayed, A, Sayed, M, Sebastiani, G, Secadas, L, Sediqi, K, Seif, S, Semida, N, Senates, E, Serban, E, Serfaty, L, Seto, W, Sghaier, I, Sha, M, Shabaan, H, Shalaby, L, Shaltout, I, Sharara, A, Sharma, V, Shawa, I, Shawkat, A, Shawky, N, Shehata, O, Sheils, S, Shewaye, A, Shi, G, Shi, J, Shimose, S, Shirono, T, Shou, L, Shrestha, A, Shui, G, Sievert, W, Sigurdardottir, S, Sira, M, Siradj, R, Sison, C, Smyth, L, Soliman, R, Sollano, J, Sombie, R, Sonderup, M, Sood, S, Soriano, G, Stedman, C, Stefanyuk, O, Stimac, D, Strasser, S, Strnad, P, Stuart, K, Su, W, Su, M, Sumida, Y, Sumie, S, Sun, D, Sun, J, Suzuki, H, Svegliati-Baroni, G, Swar, M, Taharboucht, S, Taher, Z, Takamura, S, Tan, L, Tan, S, Tanwandee, T, Tarek, S, Tatiana, G, Tavaglione, F, Tecson, G, Tee, H, Teschke, R, Tharwat, M, Thong, V, Thursz, M, Tine, T, Tiribelli, C, Tolmane, I, Tong, J, Tongo, M, Torkie, M, Torre, A, Torres, E, Trajkovska, M, Treeprasertsuk, S, Tsutsumi, T, Tu, T, Tur, J, Turan, D, Turcan, S, Turkina, S, Tutar, E, Tzeuton, C, Ugiagbe, R, Uygun, A, Vacca, M, Vajro, P, Van der Poorten, D, Van Kleef, L, Vashakidze, E, Velazquez, C, Velazquez, M, Vento, S, Verhoeven, V, Vespasiani-Gentilucci, U, Vethakkan, S, Vilaseca, J, Vitek, L, Volkanovska, A, Wallace, M, Wan, W, Wang, Y, Wang, X, Wang, C, Wang, M, Wangchuk, P, Weltman, M, White, M, Wiegand, J, Wifi, M, Wigg, A, Wilhelmi, M, William, R, Wittenburg, H, Wu, S, Wubeneh, A, Xia, H, Xiao, J, Xiao, X, Xiaofeng, W, Xiong, W, Xu, L, Xu, J, Xu, W, Xu, K, Xu, Y, Xu, S, Xu, M, Xu, A, Xu, C, Yan, H, Yang, J, Yang, R, Yang, Y, Yang, Q, Yang, N, Yao, J, Yara, J, Yaras, S, Yilmaz, N, Younes, R, Younes, H, Young, S, Youssef, F, Yu, Y, Yu, M, Yuan, J, Yue, Z, Yuen, M, Yun, W, Yurukova, N, Zakaria, S, Zaky, S, Zaldastanishvili, M, Zapata, R, Zare, N, Zerem, E, Zeriban, N, Zeshuai, X, Zhang, H, Zhang, X, Zhang, Y, Zhang, W, Zhang, Z, Zhao, J, Zhao, R, Zhao, H, Zheng, C, Zheng, Y, Zheng, R, Zheng, T, Zheng, K, Zhou, X, Zhou, Y, Zhou, H, Zhou, L, Zhu, L, Zhu, Y, Zhu, P, Ziada, E, Ziring, D, Ziyi, L, Zou, S, Zou, Z, Zou, H, Zuart Ruiz, R, and Global Multi-Stakeholder Consensus on the Redefinition of Fatty Liver Disease

Subjects
Renal disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 11], Hepatology, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, NAFLD, consensu, Gastroenterology, MAFLD, definition, Humans, MAFLD, NAFLD, Human medicine
Abstract

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Published
2022
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27. Global research profile on monkeypox-related literature (1962–2022): A bibliometric analysis

Author

Marius Rademaker, Fajar Sofyantoro, Sandro Vento, Andri Frediansyah, and Hendrix Indra Kusuma

Abstract

The recent monkeypox or mpox outbreak has been a global concern. The present study evaluated the global research outputs, research trends, and topics of published research on monkeypox using a bibliometric approach. The Scopus database was searched for terms associated with "monkeypox" or "monkey pox" up until 19 November 2022. Maps and bibliometric indicators of the retrieved documents were shown and analyzed. A total of 1,422 documents were obtained from Scopus. Other than monkeypox, the most commonly used terms included epidemic, disease outbreaks, smallpox vaccine, and orthopoxvirus. In total, 90.3% of the documents were published between 2002 and 2022. The United States, the United Kingdom, and India were the top three countries in terms of productivity. Most of the institutions were from the United States. The International Journal of Surgery, the Journal of Medical Virology, and the Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease are some of the top journals currently publishing research on monkeypox. Tecovirimat, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), homosexuality, and pandemic are emerging topics related to monkeypox.

Published
2022
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30. Prevalence of liver fibrosis using transient elastography in the general population in Cambodia: a pilot study

Author

Francesca Cainelli, Sandro Vento, and Vannary Yi

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatology, business.industry, Liver fibrosis, Population, Gastroenterology, MEDLINE, Pilot Projects, Liver, Internal medicine, Prevalence, Medicine, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Humans, business, education, Transient elastography, Cambodia
Published
2021

31. Patient-reported Satisfaction with Current Clinical Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Kazakhstan

Author

Maiya Goremykina, Zaituna Khismetova, Arkadiy Kotlyar, Yeldos Khamitov, Natalya Glushkova, and Sandro Vento

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Monthly income, Healthcare, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Mean age, Patient satisfaction, General Medicine, Kazakhstan, Disease activity, Medical services, 03 medical and health sciences, Index score, 0302 clinical medicine, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Internal medicine, Health care, Medicine, Multiple logistic regression analysis, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Over the past decades, patient satisfaction has been increasingly recognized as a powerful tool to measure the quality of health-care services. AIM: This study evaluated the satisfaction of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with current clinical management in Semey, East Kazakhstan, and explored the factors associated with dissatisfaction. METHODS: All adult SLE patients registered at health-care facilities of Semey were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS: Out of 67 patients, 66 were females and their mean age was 39 years. Symptoms associated with the musculoskeletal system were the most commonly reported (95.5%), followed by fatigue (88.1%) and neurological symptoms (53.7%). None of the patients were very satisfied or satisfied with current clinical management and the overall rate of patient dissatisfaction was 83.6%. Education (p = 0.04), monthly income (p = 0.01), SLE disease activity index score (p = 0.031), therapy with biologic agents (p = 0.029), immunosuppressants (p = 0.01), and corticosteroids (p = 0.01) were predictors of patient dissatisfaction in multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: This real-world study is the first effort to understand the experience of SLE patients within the health-care system of Kazakhstan and the results may facilitate doctor-patient discussions on the initiatives that need to be taken to improve the quality of the medical services provided.

Published
2020

32. Seroprevalences of autoantibodies and anti-infectious antibodies among Ghana’s healthy population

Author

Daphna Katz, F. De Luca, Sandro Vento, Danielle Azoulay, Dzifa Dey, Bartholomew Dzudzor, Beatrice Osei-Appiah, Ora Shovman, Itai Katz, Boris Gilburd, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Baffour Kyei Sarpong, and Howard Amital

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Population, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, Ghana, Article, Autoimmunity, Autoimmune Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Genetic predisposition, medicine, Seroprevalence, Humans, education, lcsh:Science, Aged, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, biology, business.industry, Healthy population, lcsh:R, Autoantibody, Herpes Simplex, Middle Aged, Predictive value, 030104 developmental biology, Viral infection, Antibodies, Antinuclear, Immunology, biology.protein, Antibodies, Antiphospholipid, lcsh:Q, Female, Antibody, business
Abstract

Autoantibodies, which are antibodies that target self-epitopes, have considerable diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value in specific autoimmune diseases. Various infectious agents have been linked via numerous mechanisms to the formation of different autoantibodies. Therefore, estimating the prevalence of autoantibodies and anti-infectious antibodies in different populations is of high importance. Different genetic and environmental pressures, such as these found in Ghana’s different geographical provinces, may affect the prevalence of autoantibodies. In this study, we assessed the seroprevalence of a diverse panel of autoantibodies and anti-infectious antibodies among the healthy Ghanaian population and investigated possible environmental and genetic predispositions for autoantibodies and autoimmunity. The sera of 406 healthy individuals were obtained from Greater Accra, Upper West, Eastern and Volta regions. Multiplexed assay and chemiluminescent immunoassay techniques were utilized to assess the presence of a panel of autoantibodies and anti-infectious antibodies. We found a high prevalence of anti-HSV-1 IgG (91–100%), anti-EBNA IgG (81–93%) and anti-EBV-VCA IgG (97–100%) antibodies. The prevalence of ANA (at least one of: anti-dsDNA; anti-chromatin; anti-ribosomal-P; anti-Ro/SSA; anti-La/SSB; anti-centromere B; anti-Sm; anti-Sm/RNP; anti-Scl-70; anti-Jo1; anti-DFS70) was estimated at 14%. An inverse association between anti-HSV-2 antibodies and ANA (p = 0.044; adjusted OR = 0.398; CI [0.162–0.975]) was found, after adjusting for differences in gender, age, and familial history of autoimmune diseases. A trend towards reduced seroprevalence of anti-dsDNA antibodies among subjects who were positive for anti-HSV-2 antibodies was also noted (p = 0.1). In conclusion, the inverse association between anti-HSV-2 antibodies and ANA positivity suggests a possible protective role of HSV-2 infection against autoimmunity.

Published
2020

33. Increase in visceral adipose tissue in a woman living with HIV after introduction of integrase strand transfer inhibitor

Author

Daniela Piacentini, Giulia Zamboni, Sara Mehrabi, Sandro Vento, Emanuela Lattuada, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Evelina Tacconelli, Sheila Chiesi, Romualdo Mazzi, and Sebastiano Rizzardo

Subjects
Pyridones, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Adipose tissue, HIV Infections, integrase strand transfer inhibitor, Dermatology, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Pharmacology, medicine.disease_cause, Piperazines, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, HIV, adipose tissue density, dolutegravir, weight gain, 0302 clinical medicine, Oxazines, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), HIV Integrase Inhibitors, 030212 general & internal medicine, biology, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, Raltegravir, Integrase, Postmenopause, Integrase strand transfer inhibitor, Infectious Diseases, Tolerability, chemistry, Dolutegravir, Body Composition, biology.protein, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring, Weight gain, medicine.drug
Abstract

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drugs with high virologic efficacy and excellent tolerability. Recent evidence showed a possible link of dolutegravir-based regimens with weight gain, and a relationship between raltegravir use and changes in adipose tissue density and metabolic abnormalities, with an increased cardiovascular risk, has been suggested. We describe a case where dolutegravir monotherapy led to a decrease in adipose tissue density.

Published
2020

34. Alcohol? Not for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients

Author

Titya Thao, Carolyne Pung, Francesca Cainelli, and Sandro Vento

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Opinion, liver cirrhosis, Disease, Chronic liver disease, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, liver fibrosis, lcsh:R5-920, business.industry, alcohol, Fatty liver, Cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, General Medicine, hepatocellular carcinoma, medicine.disease, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, Steatosis, Metabolic syndrome, business, lcsh:Medicine (General)
Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide, with an estimated global prevalence of 25%, liver-specific mortality of 0.77 persons per 1,000, and overall mortality of 11.77 per 1,000 person-years (1). It has long been debated whether alcohol consumption influences the course of NAFLD. Three of the most recent studies have shed light over this important issue. In a study conducted in the United States, alcohol consumption of at least 30 g/day for men and 15 g/day for women was associated with increased mortality in individuals with fatty liver and metabolic syndrome (2). In a Finnish study, even low alcohol intake in fatty liver disease was associated with increased risks for advanced liver disease and cancer (3). Finally, in a South Korean study, even though low alcohol consumption was linked to a decreased risk of incident hepatic steatosis, the same levels of low alcohol consumption were associated with a higher risk of developing advanced liver fibrosis in those subjects who progressed to more severe NAFLD over time (4).

Published
2019

35. Acute liver failure

Author

Sandro Vento and Francesca Cainelli

Subjects
0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, General Medicine, Liver Failure, Acute, 030304 developmental biology, Liver Transplantation
Published
2019

36. Dolutegravir monotherapy and body weight gain in antiretroviral naïve patients

Author

Dora Luise, Sandro Vento, Sebastiano Rizzardo, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Evelina Tacconelli, Emanuela Lattuada, and Marcello Vincenzi

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Pyridones, Immunology, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Body weight, Weight Gain, Piperazines, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oxazines, Antiretroviral naive, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Humans, HIV Integrase Inhibitors, Aged, business.industry, HIV, Obesity, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, HIV,| Obesity, Antiretroviral therapy, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Dolutegravir, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Weight gain, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring
Published
2019

37. DRIVE-AHEAD Trial's Results and the Need for a More Appropriate Comparator Drug

Author

Sandro Vento, Emanuela Lattuada, and Massimiliano Lanzafame

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Drug, Adult, Cyclopropanes, medicine.medical_specialty, Comparator, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Benzoxazines, Infectious Diseases, Lamivudine, Alkynes, medicine, HIV-1, Emtricitabine, Humans, Medical physics, business, Tenofovir, media_common
Published
2019

38. Detection of Hepatitis E Antibodies in Kazakhstan: A Pilot Study

Author

Denis Bulanin, Kulpash Kaliaskarova, Sandro Vento, Francesca Cainelli, Baurzhan Negmetzhanov, Gonzalo Hortelano, and Aigerim Ibrayeva

Subjects
Hepatitis, medicine.medical_specialty, anti-HEV antibodies, business.industry, Mortality rate, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Research, lcsh:RA1-1270, General Medicine, Hepatitis E, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Kazakhstan, Hepatitis E virus, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Seroprevalence, Outpatient clinic, business, Viral hepatitis
Abstract

Introduction. Hepatitis E virus exposure is associated with sporadic cases of acute hepatitis and outbreaks in many countries worldwide. It is particularly dangerous for pregnant women, in whom the mortality rate is high. There are no previously published data reporting circulation of this virus in Kazakhstan.Methods. We tested blood samples for IgG anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies in 199 Kazakh participants; of these 119 were workers at the EXPO 2017 building site in Astana, 35 were volunteers who got tested at the Astana City Hall on the World Hepatitis Day 2017, and 45 were volunteers who presented for screening at the Hepatogastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of the Republican Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center.Results. 11 (5.5%) individuals were positive for IgG anti-HEV antibodies, with a higher seroprevalence in males (7; 6.8%) vs females (4; 4.5%). The highest number of positive samples was in the 32-46 years age group.Conclusions. This pilot study suggests that Hepatitis E virus has been circulating in Kazakhstan. Studies are needed to determine whether it continues to be present, which viral genotypes are involved and what are the best methodologies for preventing its spread.

Published
2019

39. Short-cycle therapy (5 days on/2 days off) with a lamivudine + dolutegravir regimen in a cohort of virologically suppressed patients with HIV infection

Author

Paolo Cattaneo, Daniela Piacentini, Emanuela Lattuada, Giorgia Be, Elisa Razzaboni, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Dora Luise, Sandro Vento, and Rossella Gottardo

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, Pyridones, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Piperazines, Cohort Studies, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pharmacotherapy, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, Oxazines, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Aged, business.industry, Lamivudine, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Dolutegravir, Cohort, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Observational study, business, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring, Cohort study, medicine.drug
Published
2021
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40. Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Author

Sandro Vento and Massimiliano Lanzafame

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, 030106 microbiology, Viremia, Article, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pathogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, Epidemiology, medicine, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Subclinical infection, lcsh:RC705-779, biology, business.industry, IRIS, HIV, Antiretrovirals, lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system, Immune reconstitution, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, business
Abstract

Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is an excessive immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that may occur in either HIV-infected or uninfected patients, during or after completion of anti-TB therapy. In HIV-infected patients it occurs after initiation of antiretroviral therapy independently from an effective suppression of HIV viremia. There are two forms of IRIS: paradoxical or unmasking. Paradoxical IRIS is characterized by recurrent, new, or worsening symptoms of a treated case. Unmasking IRIS is an antiretroviral-associated inflammatory manifestation of a subclinical infection with a hastened presentation. The pathogenesis is incompletely understood and the epidemiology partially described. No specific tests can establish or rule out the diagnosis. Treatment is based on the use of anti-tuberculosis drugs sometime with adjunctive corticosteroids. Mortality is generally low. Keywords: Tuberculosis, IRIS, Immune reconstitution, HIV, Antiretrovirals

Published
2016

41. Dolutegravir monotherapy in HIV-infected naive patients with an HIV-RNA load <100 000 copies/mL: a medium-term follow-up

Author

Davide Gibellini, Fabio Rigo, Stefano Nicolè, Sandro Vento, Giulia Cucchetto, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Ercole Concia, Erica Diani, and Emanuela Lattuada

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Pyridones, 030106 microbiology, HIV Infections, Piperazines, Medium term, Therapy naive, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Research letter, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Hiv infected, Oxazines, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), HIV Integrase Inhibitors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Triglycerides, Aged, Pharmacology, business.industry, Follow up studies, HIV, RNA, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cholesterol blood, Cholesterol, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Dolutegravir, HIV-1, RNA, Viral, Female, business, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring, Follow-Up Studies, Research letter, HIV
Published
2017
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42. Efavirenz dose reduction is associated with improved lipid profile in HIV-1 infected patients

Author

Dora Luise, Sandro Vento, Emanuela Lattuada, Stefano Nicolè, Marta Vecchi, Massimiliano Lanzafame, and Evelina Tacconelli

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Efavirenz, 030106 microbiology, MEDLINE, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Internal medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Antiviral treatment, Adverse effect, General Immunology and Microbiology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, HIV, HIV-1, Virologically suppressed, HIV, General Medicine, Virologically suppressed, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, HIV-1, Dose reduction, business, Lipid profile
Abstract

To the Editor,Recently in this journal, detailed Swedish recommendations on antiviral treatment of HIV infection were published, including management of adverse effects of the therapy [1]. We here ...

Published
2019

43. Patient-centered Care and Treatment in HIV Infection

Author

Massimiliano Lanzafame and Sandro Vento

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), General Medicine, Patient-centered care, medicine.disease_cause, 030112 virology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Family medicine, medicine, Commentary, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Published
2018

44. Liver cirrhosis in sub-Saharan Africa: neglected, yet important

Author

Sandro Vento, Bartholomew Dzudzor, Francesca Cainelli, and Kenneth Tachi

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, Sub saharan, Cirrhosis, business.industry, MEDLINE, Neglected Diseases, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Health Services Accessibility, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Africa South of the Sahara
Published
2018

45. 'High' antiretroviral deintensification, a strategy to avoid drug interactions and unfavourable long-term effects of HAART

Author

Massimiliano Lanzafame, Sebastiano Rizzardo, Emanuela Lattuada, Sheila Chiesi, Sandro Vento, and Daniela Piacentini

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Drug, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Medicine, Humans, Drug Interactions, 030212 general & internal medicine, Nevirapine, Intensive care medicine, media_common, Aged, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Standard treatment, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 030112 virology, Virological failure, Dideoxynucleosides, Term (time), Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, business
Abstract

Sir,The standard treatment of HIV infection is based on triple therapy that allows a potent, effective and durable response, minimizing the risk of virological failure. As appears from recent treat...

Published
2018

46. Defensive medicine: It is time to finally slow down an epidemic

Author

Alfredo Vallone, Francesca Cainelli, and Sandro Vento

Subjects
Adverse event, Medical education, business.industry, Compensation (psychology), Liability, Defensive medicine, Decriminalization, Context (language use), General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Doctor-patient relationship, Medical error, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Editorial, Nursing, Malpractice, Health care, Medicine, Doctor–patient relationship, Healthcare cost, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Clinical reasoning
Abstract

Defensive medicine is widespread and practiced the world over, with serious consequences for patients, doctors, and healthcare costs. Even students and residents are exposed to defensive medicine practices and taught to take malpractice liability into consideration when making clinical decisions. Defensive medicine is generally thought to stem from physicians' perception that they can easily be sued by patients or their relatives who seek compensation for presumed medical errors. However, in our view the growth of defensive medicine should be seen in the context of larger changes in the conception of medicine that have taken place in the last few decades, undermining the patient-physician trust, which has traditionally been the main source of professional satisfaction for physicians. These changes include the following: time directly spent with patients has been overtaken by time devoted to electronic health records and desk work; family doctors have played a progressively less central role; clinical reasoning is being replaced by guidelines and algorithms; the public at large and a number of young physicians tend to believe that medicine is a perfect science rather than an imperfect art, as it continues to be; and modern societies do not tolerate the inevitable morbidity and mortality. To finally reduce the increasing defensive behavior of doctors around the world, the decriminalization of medical errors and the assurance that they can be dealt with in civil courts or by medical organizations in all countries could help but it would not suffice. Physicians and surgeons should be allowed to spend the time they need with their patients and should give clinical reasoning the importance it deserves. The institutions should support the doctors who have experienced adverse patient events, and the media should stop reporting with excessive evidence presumed medical errors and subject physicians to "public trials" before they are eventually judged in court.

Published
2018

48. Dolutegravir monotherapy in HIV-1-suppressed patients: A feasible regimen in real life

Author

Sandro Vento, Giulia Cucchetto, Fabio Rigo, Stefano Nicolè, Massimiliano Lanzafame, Ercole Concia, and Emanuela Lattuada

Subjects
Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Dolutegravir,integrase, inhibitorlipidvirus, RNA, Sustained Virologic Response, Pyridones, 030106 microbiology, Treatment outcome, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), MEDLINE, HIV Infections, Dermatology, medicine.disease_cause, Piperazines, Maintenance Chemotherapy, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Oxazines, medicine, Humans, In real life, Pharmacology (medical), HIV Integrase Inhibitors, Aged, biology, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Integrase, Regimen, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Dolutegravir, HIV-1, biology.protein, RNA, Viral, RNA, integrase, business, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring, Viral load, inhibitorlipidvirus
Published
2018

49. The Expanding Therapeutic Perspective of CCR5 Blockade

Author

Sandro Vento and Luca Vangelista

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Cell type, Chemokine, Mini Review, Immunology, Inflammation, medicine.disease_cause, Bioinformatics, Inflammatory bowel disease, CCL5, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, cancer, Mutation, biology, business.industry, Cancer, virus diseases, medicine.disease, Blockade, 030104 developmental biology, inflammation, biology.protein, HIV-1, medicine.symptom, business, lcsh:RC581-607, CCR5
Abstract

CCR5 and its interaction with chemokine ligands have been crucial for understanding and tackling HIV-1 entry into target cells. However, over time, CCR5 has witnessed an impressive transition from being considered rather unimportant in physiology and pathology to becoming central in a growing number of pathophysiological conditions. It now turns out that the massive efforts devoted to combat HIV-1 entry by interfering with CCR5, and the subsequent production of chemokine ligand variants, small chemical compounds, and other molecular entities and strategies, may set the therapeutic standards for a wealth of different pathologies. Expressed on various cell types, CCR5 plays a vital role in the inflammatory response by directing cells to sites of inflammation. Aside HIV-1, CCR5 has been implicated in other infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Individuals carrying the CCR5Δ32 mutation live a normal life and are warranted a natural barrier to HIV-1 infection. Therefore, CCR5 antagonism and gene-edited knockout of the receptor gained growing interest for the therapeutic role that CCR5 blockade may play in the attenuation of the severity or progression of numerous diseases.

Published
2018
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