Author: "Sandrine Meylan" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Sandrine Meylan"' showing total 83 results

Start Over Author "Sandrine Meylan"

83 results on '"Sandrine Meylan"'

1. When water interacts with temperature: Ecological and evolutionary implications of thermo‐hydroregulation in terrestrial ectotherms

Author: David Rozen‐Rechels, Andréaz Dupoué, Olivier Lourdais, Simon Chamaillé‐Jammes, Sandrine Meylan, Jean Clobert, and Jean‐François Le Galliard
Subjects: behavioral decisions, body temperature, performance curves, physiological adjustments, water balance, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract The regulation of body temperature (thermoregulation) and of water balance (defined here as hydroregulation) are key processes underlying ecological and evolutionary responses to climate fluctuations in wild animal populations. In terrestrial (or semiterrestrial) ectotherms, thermoregulation and hydroregulation closely interact and combined temperature and water constraints should directly influence individual performances. Although comparative physiologists traditionally investigate jointly water and temperature regulation, the ecological and evolutionary implications of these coupled processes have so far mostly been studied independently. Here, we revisit the concept of thermo‐hydroregulation to address the functional integration of body temperature and water balance regulation in terrestrial ectotherms. We demonstrate how thermo‐hydroregulation provides a framework to investigate functional adaptations to joint environmental variation in temperature and water availability, and potential physiological and/or behavioral conflicts between thermoregulation and hydroregulation. We extend the classical cost–benefit model of thermoregulation in ectotherms to highlight the adaptive evolution of optimal thermo‐hydroregulation strategies. Critical gaps in the parameterization of this conceptual optimality model and guidelines for future empirical research are discussed. We show that studies of thermo‐hydroregulation refine our mechanistic understanding of physiological and behavioral plasticity, and of the fundamental niche of the species. This is illustrated with relevant and recent examples of space use and dispersal, resource‐based trade‐offs, and life‐history tactics in insects, amphibians, and nonavian reptiles.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Some like it dry: Water restriction overrides heterogametic sex determination in two reptiles

Author: Andréaz Dupoué, Olivier Lourdais, Sandrine Meylan, François Brischoux, Frédéric Angelier, David Rozen‐Rechels, Yoan Marcangeli, Béatriz Decencière, Simon Agostini, and Jean‐François Le Galliard
Subjects: dehydration, early growth, gestation, heterogamety, sex determination, sex ratio, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract The evolution of sex determination is complex and yet crucial in our understanding of population stability. In ectotherms, sex determination involves a variety of mechanisms including genetic determination (GSD), environment determination (ESD), but also interactions between the two via sex reversal. In this study, we investigated whether water deprivation during pregnancy could override GSD in two heterogametic squamate reptiles. We demonstrated that water restriction in early gestation induced a male‐biased secondary sex ratio in both species, which could be explained by water sex reversal as the more likely mechanism. We further monitored some long‐term fitness estimates of offspring, which suggested that water sex determination (WSD) represented a compensatory strategy producing the rarest sex according to Fisher's assumptions of frequency‐dependent selection models. This study provides new insights into sex determination modes and calls for a general investigation of mechanisms behind WSD and to examine the evolutionary implications. OPEN RESEARCH BADGES This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mv06pv1.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Short-term changes in air humidity and water availability weakly constrain thermoregulation in a dry-skinned ectotherm.

Author: Jean-François Le Galliard, David Rozen-Rechels, Anjélica Lecomte, Clémence Demay, Andréaz Dupoué, and Sandrine Meylan
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Thermoregulation is critical for ectotherms as it allows them to maintain their body temperature close to an optimum for ecological performance. Thermoregulation includes a range of behaviors that aim at regulating body temperature within a range centered around the thermal preference. Thermal preference is typically measured in a thermal gradient in fully-hydrated and post-absorptive animals. Short-term effects of the hydric environment on thermal preferences in such set-ups have been rarely quantified in dry-skinned ectotherms, despite accumulating evidence that dehydration might trade-off with behavioral thermoregulation. Using experiments performed under controlled conditions in climatic chambers, we demonstrate that thermal preferences of a ground-dwelling, actively foraging lizard (Zootoca vivipara) are weakly decreased by a daily restriction in free-standing water availability (less than 0.5°C contrast). The influence of air humidity during the day on thermal preferences depends on time of the day and sex of the lizard, and is generally weaker than those of of free-standing water (less than 1°C contrast). This shows that short-term dehydration can influence, albeit weakly, thermal preferences under some circumstances in this species. Environmental humidity conditions are important methodological factors to consider in the analysis of thermal preferences.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Shorter telomeres precede population extinction in wild lizards

Author: Andréaz Dupoué, Alexis Rutschmann, Jean François Le Galliard, Jean Clobert, Frédéric Angelier, Coline Marciau, Stéphanie Ruault, Donald Miles, and Sandrine Meylan
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Identifying the early warning signals of catastrophic extinctions has recently become a central focus for ecologists, but species’ functional responses to environmental changes remain an untapped source for the sharpening of such warning signals. Telomere length (TL) analysis represents a promising molecular tool with which to raise the alarm regarding early population decline, since telomere attrition is associated with aging processes and accelerates after a recurrent exposure to environmental stressors. In the southern margin of their range, populations of the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) recently became extinct at lowest elevations due to changes in climate conditions. However, the proximal signals involved in these demographic declines are still unknown. Here, we sampled 100 yearling lizards from 10 natural populations (n = 10 per population) along an extinction risk gradient. Relative lizard abundance dramatically dropped over 12 years in low-altitude populations characterized by warmer ambient temperatures and higher body growth of lizards early in life. A non-linear relationship was found between TL and population extinction risk, with shorter telomeres in populations facing high risk of extinction when compared to non-threatened ones. Our results identify TL as a promising biomarker and imply that population extinctions might be preceded by a loop of physiological aging.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Cloacal bacterial diversity increases with multiple mates: evidence of sexual transmission in female common lizards.

Author: Joël White, Murielle Richard, Manuel Massot, and Sandrine Meylan
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Sexually transmitted diseases have often been suggested as a potential cost of multiple mating and as playing a major role in the evolution of mating systems. Yet there is little empirical data relating mating strategies to sexually transmitted microorganisms in wild populations. We investigated whether mating behaviour influences the diversity and composition of cloacal assemblages by comparing bacterial communities in the cloaca of monandrous and polyandrous female common lizards Zootoca vivipara sampled after the mating period. We found that polyandrous females harboured more diverse communities and differed more in community composition than did monandrous females. Furthermore, cloacal diversity and variability were found to decrease with age in polyandrous females. Our results suggest that the higher bacterial diversity found in polyandrous females is due to the sexual transmission of bacteria by multiple mates. The impact of mating behaviour on the cloacal microbiota may have fitness consequences for females and may comprise a selective pressure shaping the evolution of mating systems.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Carotenoid-based colours reflect the stress response in the common lizard.

Author: Patrick S Fitze, Julien Cote, Luis Martin San-Jose, Sandrine Meylan, Caroline Isaksson, Staffan Andersson, Jean-Marc Rossi, and Jean Clobert
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Under chronic stress, carotenoid-based colouration has often been shown to fade. However, the ecological and physiological mechanisms that govern colouration still remain largely unknown. Colour changes may be directly induced by the stressor (for example through reduced carotenoid intake) or due to the activation of the physiological stress response (PSR, e.g. due to increased blood corticosterone concentrations). Here, we tested whether blood corticosterone concentration affected carotenoid-based colouration, and whether a trade-off between colouration and PSR existed. Using the common lizard (Lacerta vivipara), we correlatively and experimentally showed that elevated blood corticosterone levels are associated with increased redness of the lizard's belly. In this study, the effects of corticosterone did not depend on carotenoid ingestion, indicating the absence of a trade-off between colouration and PSR for carotenoids. While carotenoid ingestion increased blood carotenoid concentration, colouration was not modified. This suggests that carotenoid-based colouration of common lizards is not severely limited by dietary carotenoid intake. Together with earlier studies, these findings suggest that the common lizard's carotenoid-based colouration may be a composite trait, consisting of fixed (e.g. genetic) and environmentally elements, the latter reflecting the lizard's PSR.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Lizards from warm and declining populations are born with extremely short telomeres

Author: Andréaz Dupoué, Pauline Blaimont, Frédéric Angelier, Cécile Ribout, David Rozen-Rechels, Murielle Richard, Donald Miles, Pierre de Villemereuil, Alexis Rutschmann, Arnaud Badiane, Fabien Aubret, Olivier Lourdais, Sandrine Meylan, Julien Cote, Jean Clobert, Jean-François Le Galliard, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rider University, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ohio University, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-13-JSV7-0011,DESTRESS,Dégradation de l'habitat et stress hormonal : combiner théorie physiologique et biologie de la conservation(2013), ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), European Project: 87779,ECOFEED, European Project, Le Galliard, Jean-François, Jeunes Chercheuses et Jeunes Chercheurs - Dégradation de l'habitat et stress hormonal : combiner théorie physiologique et biologie de la conservation - - DESTRESS2013 - ANR-13-JSV7-0011 - JC - VALID, Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique - - AQUATHERM2017 - ANR-17-CE02-0013 - AAPG2017 - VALID, ECOFEED - ECOFEED - 0000-00-00 - 0000-00-00 - 87779 - VALID, Interreg POCTEFA ECTOPYR - INCOMING, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: Risk, Aging, Multidisciplinary, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Reproduction, aging, Population Dynamics, Lizards, ectotherms, Telomere, telomeres, Extinction, Biological, Global Warming, life-history tradeoffs, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animals, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Female, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Telomere Shortening, population extinction
Abstract: Aging is the price to pay for acquiring and processing energy through cellular activity and life history productivity. Climate warming can exacerbate the inherent pace of aging, as illustrated by a faster erosion of protective telomere DNA sequences. This biomarker integrates individual pace of life and parental effects through the germline, but whether intra- and intergenerational telomere dynamics underlies population trends remains an open question. Here, we investigated the covariation between life history, telomere length (TL), and extinction risk among three age classes in a cold-adapted ectotherm ( Zootoca vivipara ) facing warming-induced extirpations in its distribution limits. TL followed the same threshold relationships with population extinction risk at birth, maturity, and adulthood, suggesting intergenerational accumulation of accelerated aging rate in declining populations. In dwindling populations, most neonates inherited already short telomeres, suggesting they were born physiologically old and unlikely to reach recruitment. At adulthood, TL further explained females’ reproductive performance, switching from an index of individual quality in stable populations to a biomarker of reproductive costs in those close to extirpation. We compiled these results to propose the aging loop hypothesis and conceptualize how climate-driven telomere shortening in ectotherms may accumulate across generations and generate tipping points before local extirpation.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Short‐term change in water availability influences thermoregulation behaviours in a dry‐skinned ectotherm

Author: Jean-François Le Galliard, David Rozen-Rechels, Arnaud Badiane, Sandrine Meylan, Pauline Farigoule, Simon Agostini, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Galliard, Jean-François, Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique - - AQUATHERM2017 - ANR-17-CE02-0013 - AAPG2017 - VALID, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)
Subjects: Male, 0106 biological sciences, Climate Change, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, water availability, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mesocosm, Water balance, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, Animals, Body temperature, Dehydration, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Extinction, Ecology, activity, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Global warming, Temperature, Water, Lizards, dehydration, Thermoregulation, medicine.disease, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 13. Climate action, Ectotherm, shade selection, Environmental science, Female, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animal Science and Zoology, sense organs, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, non-avian reptiles, Body Temperature Regulation
Abstract: Mechanistic models of terrestrial ectotherms predict that climate warming will induce activity restriction due to heat stress and loss of shade, leading to the extinction of numerous populations. Such models rely on the assumption that activity patterns are dictated by simple temperature thresholds independent of changes in water availability. However, changes in water availability may further influence thermoregulation behaviour of ectotherms through dehydration risk perception, changes in water balance or changes in microclimatic conditions. Here, we experimentally assess the interactive effects of thermal conditions and water availability on activity patterns, shade selection and thermoregulation efficiency in a model ectothermic species. Thermoregulation behaviour of adult common lizards Zootoca vivipara was monitored in outdoor mesocosms as we manipulated water availability, providing water as mist in the morning and free-standing water during the daytime. We recorded operative temperatures and micro-meteorological conditions to infer thermal constraints and dehydration risk. Activity and shade selection were better predicted by continuous changes in thermal conditions and dehydration risk, respectively, than by threshold functions. In addition, water supplementation increased activity in males and reduced shade selection in both sexes, most probably as a behavioural response to the perception of a stronger dehydration risk. Water supplementation also influenced the thermal quality of the environment, which in turn altered daily activity patterns and thermoregulation statistics. This demonstrates that dual effects of heat and water stress on activity patterns may lead to stronger activity restriction as a result of climate change than currently predicted.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Water restriction induces behavioral fight but impairs thermoregulation in a dry‐skinned ectotherm

Author: Simon Agostini, David Rozen-Rechels, Jean-François Le Galliard, Sandrine Meylan, Arnaud Badiane, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Le Galliard, Jean-François
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Zoology, water availability, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Water conservation, Water balance, Lower body, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, Dehydration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Lost Weight, activity, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, dehydration, Thermoregulation, medicine.disease, micro-habitat selection, [SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, Ectotherm, shade selection, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Desiccation, body temperature, non-avian reptiles
Abstract: International audience; Behavioral fight responses to desiccation risk are important to predict the vulnerability of terrestrial animals to climate change and yet, they have received little attention so far. In terrestrial ectotherms, behavioral regulation of the water balance (i.e., hydroregulation) is likely to be plastic and may trade-off with thermoregulation behavior because water loss rates are generally higher in warmer environments and body temperatures.When low water availability and heat stress cause physiological dehydration, we expect to highlight a shift to behavioral water-conservation strategies including changes in activity patterns, microhabitat selection and thermoregulation strategies. Here, we compared the behavior of adult common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) in indoor arenas that either had a permanent access to water or underwent a one-week long experimental water restriction.Water-restricted lizards reduced their behavioral activity, selected more often cooler and wetter refuges during daytime, and performed less accurate thermoregulation than control lizards. The activity of water-restricted gravid females shifted towards the cooler and wetter early hours of the day. In addition, they had lower body temperatures and preferred lower body temperatures at the end of the experiment (i.e., thermal depression). Water-restricted lizards suffered from a mild physiological dehydration, water-restricted females had lower mass change compared to control ones, and water-restricted males lost weight. Heat stress was simulated every second day, which led to a range of heat avoidance and water conservation strategies independent from water restriction. 5. Altogether, these results confirm that chronic water restriction and dehydration induce responses towards water conservation that conflict with thermoregulation accuracy.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Do male panther chameleons use different aspects of color change to settle disputes?

Author: Alexis Y. Dollion, Sandrine Meylan, Olivier Marquis, Mathieu Leroux-Coyau, Anthony Herrel, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Adaptations du vivant (AVIV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Direction générale déléguée aux musées et aux jardins botaniques et zoologiques (DGD.MJZ), Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, genetic structures, Pigmentation, Color, Lizards, General Medicine, Social Status, Dissent and Disputes, Intrasexual competition, Chameleon, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animal communication, Animals, sense organs, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Color signals, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; In many animals, males engage in agonistic interactions. Color signals are commonly used to mitigate these potentially harmful interactions. Both pigment-based color and structural color, notably ultraviolet coloration, are used in this context to convey information, including an animal’s resource holding potential (RHP) or social status. Despite extensive previous work on this topic, the ability to change color in this context has received relatively little attention. Moreover, no studies have considered the visible and the ultraviolet components of this ability. Thus, whether changes in ultraviolet play a role in settling intraspecific disputes remains unknown. Here, we investigate the role of color change during intrasexual agonistic interactions in male panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis). To do so, we combined behavioral experiments and color analysis. Our results show that the outcome of male intrasexual agonistic interactions depends on particular aspects of color change in the visible spectrum. Dominant males exhibit more brightness changes and Euclidian distance changes within the HSV color space at the level of the bands and interbands, suggesting a prominent role of these patterns in panther chameleon communication. Our results also align with previous studies in another chameleon species, thus supporting the key role of brightness changes in chameleon communication, at least in a competitive context. Interestingly, although our species did exhibit UV coloration, neither this coloration nor its changes seem to be involved in intrasexual agonistic interactions among males, possibly because those signals may be used for other purposes like attracting mates, repelling predators, or deception.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Environmental conditions and male quality traits simultaneously explain variation of multiple colour signals in male lizards

Author: Arnaud Badiane, Andréaz Dupoué, Pauline Blaimont, Donald B. Miles, Anthony L. Gilbert, Mathieu Leroux‐Coyau, Anna Kawamoto, David Rozen‐Rechels, Sandrine Meylan, Jean Clobert, Jean‐François Le Galliard, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Rider University, Ohio University, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DEB, Grant/Award Number: 1950636National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: EF-1241848, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Performance, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, parasitism, Color, Reptile, Zootoca vivipara, colouration, Coloration, ultraviolet, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animals, Testosterone, animal communication, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ultraviolet, Pigmentation, Lizards, Carotenoids, reptile, Phenotype, Parasitism, testosterone, Animal communication, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, performance
Abstract: Male lizards often display multiple pigment-based and structural colour signals which may reflect various quality traits (e.g. performance, parasitism), with testosterone (T) often mediating these relationships. Furthermore, environmental conditions can explain colour signal variation by affecting processes such as signal efficacy, thermoregulation and camouflage. The relationships between colour signals, male quality traits and environmental factors have often been analysed in isolation, but simultaneous analyses are rare. Thus, the response of multiple colour signals to variation in all these factors in an integrative analysis remains to be investigated. Here, we investigated how multiple colour signals relate to their information content, examined the role of T as a potential mediator of these relationships and how environmental factors explain colour signal variation. We performed an integrative study to examine the covariation between three colour signals (melanin-based black, carotenoid-based yellow-orange and structural UV), physiological performance, parasitism, T levels and environmental factors (microclimate, forest cover) in male common lizards Zootoca vivipara from 13 populations. We found that the three colour signals conveyed information on different aspects of male condition, supporting a multiple message hypothesis. T influenced only parasitism, suggesting that T does not directly mediate the relationships between colour signals and their information content. Moreover, colour signals became more saturated in forested habitats, suggesting an adaptation to degraded light conditions, and became generally brighter in mesic conditions, in contradiction with the thermal melanism hypothesis. We show that distinct individual quality traits and environmental factors simultaneously explain variations of multiple colour signals with different production modes. Our study therefore highlights the complexity of colour signal evolution, involving various sets of selective pressures acting at the same time, but in different ways depending on colour production mechanism.Les lézards mâles arborent souvent plusieurs signaux colorés de nature pigmentaire et structurale qui reflètent de multiples traits de qualité (e.g. performance, parasitisme), et la testostérone (T) joue souvent un rôle de médiateur dans ces relations. En outre, les conditions environnementales peuvent également expliquer les variations des signaux colorés en influençant des aspects tels que l'efficacité des signaux, la thermorégulation ou le camouflage. Les relations entre signaux colorés, traits de qualité individuelle et facteurs environnementaux ont souvent été analysées séparément, mais rarement de manière simultanée. Ainsi, la réponse de ces multiples signaux colorés aux variations de tous ces facteurs reste à explorer dans le contexte d'une étude intégrative. Ici, nous explorons la relation entre ces multiples signaux colorés et leur contenu informatif, nous examinons le rôle de T comme médiateur potentiel de ces relations et nous recherchons si les conditions environnementales expliquent la variation de ces signaux colorés. Nous avons mené une étude intégrative afin d'examiner la covariation entre trois types de signaux colorés (noir produit par la mélanine, jaune-orange produit par les caroténoïdes et UV produit par des éléments structuraux), la performance physiologique, le parasitisme, les niveaux de T et les conditions environnementales (e.g. microclimat, couverture forestière) chez des mâles du lézard vivipare (Zootoca vivipara) provenant de 13 populations. Nos résultats indiquent que les trois signaux colorés transmettent des informations sur différents aspects de la condition des mâles, en accord avec l'hypothèse de « messages multiples ». T influence uniquement le parasitisme, suggérant que T n'agit pas en tant que médiateur des relations entre ces signaux colorés et leur contenu informatif. De plus, les signaux colorés sont plus saturés dans les habitats les plus forestiers, ce qui suggère une adaptation à des conditions lumineuses dégradées. Enfin, les signaux colorés sont plus intenses lorsque les conditions sont mésiques, en contradiction avec l'hypothèse du mélanisme thermal. Nous démontrons que différents traits de qualité individuelle et facteurs environnementaux expliquent de manière simultanée les variations de multiples signaux colorés impliquant différents modes de production. Notre étude souligne ainsi la complexité de l'évolution des signaux colorés, qui implique plusieurs types de pressions de sélection agissant en même temps mais dans des directions différentes selon le mode de production.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation response overrides glucocorticoid-induced stress in a reptile

Author: Yann Voituron, Damien Roussel, Jean-François Le Galliard, Andréaz Dupoué, Caroline Romestaing, Sandrine Meylan, Équipe 4 - Écophysiologie, Comportement, Conservation (E2C), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physiology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Oxygen consumption, Lizards, Hydrogen Peroxide, Mitochondrial efficiency, ROS and ATP production, Biochemistry, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Oxidative Stress, Metabolism, Endocrinology, Adenosine Triphosphate, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Lizard, Animals, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Corticosterone, Energy Metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species, Glucocorticoids, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; Stress hormones and their impacts on whole organism metabolic rates are usually considered as appropriate proxies for animal energy budget that is the foundation of numerous concepts and models aiming at predicting individual and population responses to environmental stress. However, the dynamics of energy re-allocation under stress make the link between metabolism and corticosterone complex and still unclear. Using ectopic application of corticosterone for 3, 11 and 21 days, we estimated a time effect of stress in a lizard (Zootoca vivipara). We then investigated whole organism metabolism, muscle cellular O-2 consumption and liver mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation processes (O-2 consumption and ATP production) and ROS production. The data showed that while skeletal muscle is not impacted, stress regulates the liver mitochondrial functionality in a time-dependent manner with opposing pictures between the different time expositions to corticosterone. While 3 days exposition is characterized by lower ATP synthesis rate and high H2O2 release with no change in the rate of oxygen consumption, the 11 days exposition reduced all three fluxes of about 50%. Oxidative phosphorylation capacities in liver mitochondria of lizard treated with corticosterone for 21 days was similar to the hepatic mitochondrial capacities in lizards that received no corticosterone treatment but with 40% decrease in H2O2 production. This new mitochondrial functioning allows a better capacity to respond to the energetic demands imposed by the environment but do not influence whole organism metabolism. In conclusion, global mitochondrial functioning has to be considered to better understand the proximal causes of the energy budget under stressful periods.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. When water interacts with temperature: Ecological and evolutionary implications of thermo‐hydroregulation in terrestrial ectotherms

Author: Simon Chamaillé-Jammes, Jean Clobert, Olivier Lourdais, Sandrine Meylan, Jean-François Le Galliard, Andréaz Dupoué, David Rozen-Rechels, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), ESPE de Paris, Université Paris Sorbonne , Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris 4 - École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Paris (ESPE Paris), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), ANR-16-CE02-0001,LANDTHIRST,Les paysages de la soif: changement climatique et ajustements comportementaux face au manque d'eau(2016), and ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Resource (biology), Niche, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Water balance, water balance, behavioral decisions, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, performance curves, Hypotheses, physiological adjustments, Thermoregulation, Optimality model, 13. Climate action, Ectotherm, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biological dispersal, lcsh:Ecology, body temperature, Adaptive evolution
Abstract: International audience; The regulation of body temperature (thermoregulation) and of water balance (defined here as hydroregulation) are key processes underlying ecological and evolutionary responses to climate fluctuations in wild animal populations. In terrestrial (or semiterrestrial) ectotherms, thermoregulation and hydroregulation closely interact and combined temperature and water constraints should directly influence individual performances. Although comparative physiologists traditionally investigate jointly water and temperature regulation, the ecological and evolutionary implications of these coupled processes have so far mostly been studied independently. Here, we revisit the concept of thermo‐hydroregulation to address the functional integration of body temperature and water balance regulation in terrestrial ectotherms. We demonstrate how thermo‐hydroregulation provides a framework to investigate functional adaptations to joint environmental variation in temperature and water availability, and potential physiological and/or behavioral conflicts between thermoregulation and hydroregulation. We extend the classical cost–benefit model of thermoregulation in ectotherms to highlight the adaptive evolution of optimal thermo‐hydroregulation strategies. Critical gaps in the parameterization of this conceptual optimality model and guidelines for future empirical research are discussed. We show that studies of thermo‐hydroregulation refine our mechanistic understanding of physiological and behavioral plasticity, and of the fundamental niche of the species. This is illustrated with relevant and recent examples of space use and dispersal, resource‐based trade‐offs, and life‐history tactics in insects, amphibians, and nonavian reptiles.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Interaction of hydric and thermal conditions drive geographic variation in thermoregulation in a widespread lizard

Author: Alexis Rutschmann, Michaël Guillon, Arnaud Badiane, Victor Chauveau, Andréaz Dupoué, Donald B. Miles, Murielle Richard, Pauline Blaimont, Jean Clobert, David Rozen-Rechels, Jean-François Le Galliard, Sandrine Meylan, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Auckland [Auckland], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Rider University, Ohio University, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut national supérieur du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Paris (INSPÉ Paris), Sorbonne Université (SU), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Science Foundation (NSF) EF1241848, ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), ANR-13-JSV7-0011,DESTRESS,Dégradation de l'habitat et stress hormonal : combiner théorie physiologique et biologie de la conservation(2013), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Population, 01 natural sciences, moisture gradient, Effects of global warming, biology.animal, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Temperate climate, elevational gradient, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, Lizard, Global change, 15. Life on land, Thermoregulation, 010601 ecology, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Ectotherm, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, landscape heterogeneity, body temperature, non-avian reptiles
Abstract: International audience; Behavioral thermoregulation is an efficient mechanism to buffer the physiological effects of climate change. Thermal ecology studies have traditionally tested how thermal constraints shape thermoregulatory behaviors without accounting for the potential major effects of landscape structure and water availability. Thus, we lack a general understanding of the multifactorial determinants of thermoregulatory behaviors in natural populations. In this study, we quantified the relative contribution of elevation, thermal gradient, moisture gradient, and landscape structure in explaining geographic variation in thermoregulation strategies of a terrestrial ectotherm species. We measured field-active body temperature, thermal preferences, and operative environmental temperatures to calculate thermoregulation indices, including thermal quality of the habitat and thermoregulation efficiency for a very large sample of common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) from 21 populations over 3 yr across the Massif Central mountain range in France. We used an information-theoretic approach to compare eight a priori thermo-hydroregulation hypotheses predicting how behavioral thermoregulation should respond to environmental conditions. Environmental characteristics exerted little influence on thermal preference with the exception that females from habitats with permanent access to water had lower thermal preferences. Field body temperatures and accuracy of thermoregulation were best predicted by the interaction between air temperature and a moisture index. In mesic environments, field body temperature and thermoregulation accuracy increased with air temperature, but they decreased in drier habitats. Thermoregulation efficiency (difference between thermoregulation inaccuracy and the thermal quality of the habitat) was maximized in cooler and more humid environments and was mostly influenced by the thermal quality of the habitat. Our study highlights complex patterns of variation in thermoregulation strategies, which are mostly explained by the interaction between temperature and water availability, independent of the elevation gradient or thermal heterogeneity. Although changes in landscape structure were expected to be the main driver of extinction rate of temperate zone ectotherms with ongoing global change, we conclude that changes in water availability coupled with rising temperatures might have a drastic impact on the population dynamics of some ectotherm species.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Short-term changes in air humidity and water availability weakly constrain thermoregulation in a dry-skinned ectotherm

Author: Andréaz Dupoué, Anjélica Lecomte, Jean-François Le Galliard, Sandrine Meylan, David Rozen-Rechels, Clémence Demay, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Estonian Research CouncilEuropean Commission, CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance CNRS/ENS UMS 3194, Region Ile-de-FranceI-05-098/R2011-11017735, ANR-11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), HAL-SU, Gestionnaire, and Infrastructures - ANAEE-Services - - ANAEE-FR2011 - ANR-11-INBS-0001 - INBS - VALID
Subjects: Male, 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, Water resources, Physiology, 030310 physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Social Sciences, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Skin Physiological Phenomena, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Body temperature, Foraging, Animal Management, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Temperature, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Lizards, Thermoregulation, Squamates, Dehydration (medicine), [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Temperature gradient, Physiological Parameters, Ectotherm, Vertebrates, Medicine, Female, Animal behavior, Research Article, Body Temperature Regulation, Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Meteorology, Signs and Symptoms, biology.animal, Animals, Ecosystem, Behavior, Animal Performance, Lizard, Environmental humidity, Air humidity, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Water, Humidity, Reptiles, 13. Climate action, Amniotes, Earth Sciences, Environmental science, Clinical Medicine, Zoology
Abstract: Thermoregulation is critical for ectotherms as it allows them to maintain their body temperature close to an optimum for ecological performance. Thermoregulation includes a range of behaviors that aim at regulating body temperature within a range centered around the thermal preference. Thermal preference is typically measured in a thermal gradient in fully-hydrated and post-absorptive animals. Short-term effects of the hydric environment on thermal preferences in such set-ups have been rarely quantified in dry-skinned ectotherms, despite accumulating evidence that dehydration might trade-off with behavioral thermoregulation. Using experiments performed under controlled conditions in climatic chambers, we demonstrate that thermal preferences of a ground-dwelling, actively foraging lizard (Zootoca vivipara) are weakly decreased by a daily restriction in free-standing water availability (less than 0.5°C contrast). The influence of air humidity during the day on thermal preferences depends on time of the day and sex of the lizard, and is generally weaker than those of of free-standing water (less than 1°C contrast). This shows that short-term dehydration can influence, albeit weakly, thermal preferences under some circumstances in this species. Environmental humidity conditions are important methodological factors to consider in the analysis of thermal preferences.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Water deprivation compromises maternal physiology and reproductive success in a cold and wet adapted snake Vipera berus

Author: Frédéric Angelier, François Brischoux, Jean-François Le Galliard, Mathieu Leroux-Coyau, Mathias Dezetter, Gaëtan Guiller, Michaël Guillon, Sandrine Meylan, Olivier Lourdais, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), 1 Le Grand Momesson, 44130 Bouvron [France], ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Vipera berus, Physiology, media_common.quotation_subject, fecundity, Population, Zoology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Trade-off, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Maternal Physiology, reproduction, 03 medical and health sciences, Water balance, water deprivation, education, 030304 developmental biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, trade-off, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Reproductive success, Dehydration, Ecological Modeling, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Ectotherm, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Reproduction
Abstract: Droughts are becoming more intense and frequent with climate change. These extreme weather events can lead to mass mortality and reproduction failure, and therefore cause population declines. Understanding how the reproductive physiology of organisms is affected by water shortages will help clarify whether females can adjust their reproductive strategy to dry conditions or may fail to reproduce and survive. In this study, we investigated the consequences of a short period of water deprivation (2 weeks) during early pregnancy on the physiology and behaviour of a cold- and wet-adapted ectotherm (Vipera berus). We also examined water allocation to developing embryos and embryonic survival. Water-deprived females exhibited significant dehydration, physiological stress and loss of muscle mass. These effects of water deprivation on water balance and muscle loss were correlated with the number of developing embryos. While water-deprived females maintained water transfer to embryos at the expense of their own maintenance, water deprivation also led to embryonic mortality. Overall, water deprivation amplifies the reproductive costs of water allocation to support embryonic development. The deleterious impacts of water deprivation on female current reproductive performance and on potential survival and future reproduction could lead to severe population declines in this species.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. The colour of success: does female mate choice rely on male colour change in the chameleon Furcifer pardalis ?

Author: Anthony Herrel, Mathieu Leroux-Coyau, Olivier Marquis, Alexis Y. Dollion, Sandrine Meylan, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Université de Paris (UP), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, genetic structures, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, Context (language use), Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Chameleon, Animal communication, skin and connective tissue diseases, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Hue, Colour signal, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Furcifer pardalis, biology.organism_classification, Intersexual selection, Mate choice, Insect Science, Sexual selection, Camouflage, Animal Science and Zoology, Body region, sense organs
Abstract: International audience; Colour change is involved in various functions ranging from thermo-and hydroregulation to camouflage and communication. The role of colour change in communication has received increased attention over the past few decades, yet has been studied predominantly in the context of intrasexual competition. Here, we investigate the role of colour change in mate choice in an animal that can change its colour, the panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis). We conducted behavioural experiments and colour analysis to investigate whether colour changes, including in the UV range, are involved in mate choice. This study presents evidence of female mate choice for specific aspects of colour change in courting males, both in the visible (i.e. human visible range: 400-700 nm) and the UV range. Females chose males exhibiting more saturation changes regardless of the body region and spectral range. In addition, females chose males showing fewer brightness changes at the level of the lateral line and males showing lower hue changes at the level of the bands and the interbands, in the visible range. At UV wavelengths, selected males showed more brightness changes and higher maximum brightness. These results suggest that male colour change is important in female mate choice in the panther chameleon.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Additive effects of temperature and water availability on pregnancy in a viviparous lizard

Author: Andréaz Dupoué, George A. Brusch, Jean-François Le Galliard, Olivier Lourdais, Rodrigo Samuel Bueno Gavira, Mathieu Leroux-Coyau, Sandrine Meylan, Robin Viton, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, 030310 physiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversity, Climate change, Hydration, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Maternal Physiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Pregnancy, Viviparity, Nonmammalian, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, 0303 health sciences, biology, Lizard, Ecology, Phenology, Physiological condition, Reproduction, Temperature, Water, Lizards, medicine.disease, Temperature constraints, Osmotic challenge, 13. Climate action, Insect Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, Oxidative status
Abstract: One of the greatest current threats to biodiversity is climate change. However, understanding of organismal responses to fluctuations in temperature and water availability is currently lacking, especially during fundamental life-history stages such as reproduction. To further explore how temperature and water availability impact maternal physiology and reproductive output, we used the viviparous form of the European common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) in a two-by-two factorial design manipulating both hydric and thermal conditions, for the first time. We collected blood samples and morphological measurements during early pregnancy and post-parturition to investigate how water availability, temperature and a combination of the two influence maternal phenology, morphology, physiology and reproductive output. We observed that dehydration during gestation negatively affects maternal physiological condition (lower mass gain, higher tail reserve mobilization) but has little effect on reproductive output. These effects are mainly additive to temperature regimes, with a proportional increase in maternal costs in warmer environments. Our study demonstrates the importance of considering combined effects of water and temperature when investigating organismal responses to climate changes, especially during periods crucial for species survival such as reproduction.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Potential Benefits of Acanthocephalan Parasites for Chub Hosts in Polluted Environments

Author: Lisa Jacquin, Vincent Médoc, Mathieu Leroux-Coyau, Fabrice Alliot, Noëlie Molbert, Aurélie Goutte, Sandrine Meylan, Clotilde Biard, Raphaël Santos, Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Haute Ecole du Paysage, d'Ingénierie et d'Architecture de Genève (HEPIA), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Pollution, media_common.quotation_subject, Cyprinidae, Parasitism, Zoology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Acanthocephala, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Parasite hosting, Parasites, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Pollutant, biology, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Bioaccumulation, Freshwater fish, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Some parasites are expected to have beneficial impacts on wild populations in polluted environments because of their bioaccumulation potential of pollutants from their hosts. The fate of organic micropollutants in host−parasite systems and the combined effect of parasitism and pollution were investigated in chub Squalius cephalus, a freshwater fish, infected (n = 73) or uninfected (n = 45) by acanthocephalan parasites Pomphorhynchus sp. from differently contaminated riverine sites. Several ubiquitous pollutants (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl-ethers (PBDEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates, insecticides, pyrethroids, and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET)) and some of their metabolites were characterized for the first time in parasites and various fish matrices (muscle, liver, and stomach content). Most organic pollutants reached higher levels in parasites than in chub matrices. In contrast, metabolite levels were lower in parasite tissues compared to fish matrices. Infected and uninfected chub exhibited no significant differences in their pollutant load. Body condition, organo-somatic indices, and immunity were not affected by parasitism, and few correlations were found with chemical pollution. Interestingly, infected chub exhibited lower oxidative damage compared to uninfected fish, irrespective of their pollutant load. In light of these results, this correlative study supports the hypothesis that acanthocephalan parasites could bring benefits to their hosts to cope with organic pollution.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. The colour of success: does female mate choice rely on male colour change in the chameleon

Author: Alexis Y, Dollion, Anthony, Herrel, Olivier, Marquis, Mathieu, Leroux-Coyau, and Sandrine, Meylan
Subjects: Male, Animals, Color, Humans, Female, Lizards, Mating Preference, Animal
Abstract: Colour change is involved in various functions ranging from thermo- and hydroregulation to camouflage and communication. The role of colour change in communication has received increased attention over the past few decades, yet has been studied predominantly in the context of intrasexual competition. Here, we investigate the role of colour change in mate choice in an animal that can change its colour, the panther chameleon (
Published: 2020

21. Male ultraviolet reflectance and female mating history influence female mate choice and male mating success in a polyandrous lizard

Author: Jean-François Le Galliard, Beatriz Decencière Ferrandière, Murielle Richard, Sandrine Meylan, Mélissa Martin, Arnaud Badiane, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010), ANR-11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Galliard, Jean-François, Initiative d'excellence - Paris Sciences et Lettres - - PSL2010 - ANR-10-IDEX-0001 - IDEX - VALID, and Infrastructures - ANAEE-Services - - ANAEE-FR2011 - ANR-11-INBS-0001 - INBS - VALID
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Offspring, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Color signals – Female choice – Fertilization – Paternity – Post-copulatory selection – Sexual selection – Ultraviolet – Zootoca vivipara, Zoology, Paternity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, biology.animal, Post-copulatory selection, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Female choice, Mating, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ultraviolet, biology, Lizard, 05 social sciences, Vertebrate, Ornaments, Reflectivity, Preference, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Mate choice, Fertilization, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Color signals
Abstract: Pre-copulatory female mate choice based on male ultraviolet (UV) coloration has been demonstrated in several vertebrate species; however, post-copulatory mechanisms have been largely overlooked. Here, we investigated female mate preference based on male UV coloration in the common lizard Zootoca vivipara, in which males display conspicuous UV coloration on their throat. During two successive years, we staged sequential mating trials between females and four different males with UV-reduced or control belly and throat coloration. We recorded pre-copulatory female behaviour, copulation behaviour and assigned paternity to all offspring. Females were more aggressive towards UV-reduced males and, during the second year, UV-reduced males had a lower probability of siring at least one egg (fertilization success) during the last mating trials. However, in the second year, copulation was shorter with control males. Altogether, our results suggest that females exert subtle pre-copulatory mate preference based on male UV ornaments and, conditional on the study year and female mating history, some degree of post-copulatory preference for UV-control males leading to differential male fertilization success. This study suggests that UV-based female mate choice may be more widespread than previously thought in vertebrates, and emphasizes the importance of using a study design well adapted to the species reproductive behaviour.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Chronic water restriction triggers sex-specific oxidative stress and telomere shortening in lizards

Author: Cécile Ribout, Simon Agostini, Jean-François Le Galliard, Frédéric Angelier, Andréaz Dupoué, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, David Rozen-Rechels, Lacalle, Martine, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 0106 biological sciences, Chronic exposure, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, Antioxidant, antioxidant, Physiology, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, water, oxidative damage, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Antioxidants, Oxidative damage, 03 medical and health sciences, longevity, medicine, Animals, sex, molecular biology, Horses, Dehydration, Telomere Shortening, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, aging, Longevity, Lizards, Telomere, medicine.disease, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Sex specific, Oxidative Stress, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Female, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Oxidative stress
Abstract: Animals use a variety of strategies to avoid acute dehydration and death. Yet, how chronic exposure to sub-lethal dehydration may entail physiological and fitness costs remains elusive. In this study, we experimentally tested if water restriction causes increased oxidative stress (OS) and telomere length (TL) shortening, two well-described mediators of environment–fitness relationships. We exposed 100 yearling female and male common lizards ( Zootoca vivipara ) either to a 51-day period of water restriction or to water ad libitum, followed by 45 days in common garden outdoor conditions. We measured the kinetic changes in OS and TL and found that water-restricted males had enhanced antioxidant defences and decreased oxidative damage at day 36, whereas females did not immediately respond. A month and a half after water restriction, both sexes experienced a drop in antioxidant capacity but only males exhibited significant TL shortening. In the following 3 years, we found that lizards with longer initial TL and those who maintained stronger antioxidant defences experienced higher longevity, irrespective of sex and water restriction. Together, these results unravelled sex-specific responses to water restriction, with potential applications in better understanding the physiological costs of increasing summer droughts as a result of global climate change.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Chronic elevation of glucorticoids late in life generates long lasting changes in physiological state without a life history switch

Author: Jean-François Le Galliard, Claudy Haussy, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Rémy Josserand, Simon Agostini, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (IEES Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Galliard, Jean-François, PSL Research University (PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) )
Subjects: Male, Offspring, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Physiology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, medicine.disease_cause, Antioxidants, Life history theory, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Corticosterone, Stress, Physiological, biology.animal, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, Animals, Chronic stress, Glucocorticoids, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Life Cycle Stages, biology, Lizard, Stressor, Maternal effect, Lizards, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, chemistry, Sample Size, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animal Science and Zoology, Female, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Oxidative stress
Abstract: Chronic stressors have profound impacts on phenotypes and life history strategies on the short term, but delayed effects of stress experienced late in life remain poorly investigated in wild populations. Here, we used a combined laboratory and field experiment to test if chronic stress late in life has immediate and delayed effects on physiological and demographic traits in the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara. We increased plasma corticosterone levels in adults and yearlings during three weeks of the post-reproductive season. We quantified immediate responses in the laboratory, delayed intra-generational effects in field enclosures one month and one year later during the next reproductive season, and delayed inter-generational effects in the first generation of offspring. Our phenotypic assays included metabolism, immune capacities, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. Relative to placebos, lizards treated with corticosterone had higher body condition and lower oxidative damages but an increased skin swelling response directly after the manipulation. Delayed responses in field enclosures were of three types. First, we found catch-up growth for body mass such the placebos had similar body conditions one month after the laboratory manipulation. Second, we found persistent differences in oxidative damages during one month but not one year later. Third, during the next reproductive season, corticosterone-treated females had higher levels of plasma triglycerides, whereas corticosterone-treated individuals had a higher skin swelling response. We found no delayed inter-generational effects on demographic traits of offspring. Our study demonstrates the potential for long-lasting physiological consequences of chronic corticosterone enhancement despite no obvious changes in life history.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Water availability and temperature induce changes in oxidative status during pregnancy in a viviparous lizard

Author: Jean Clobert, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Donald B. Miles, Pauline Blaimont, Jean-François Le Galliard, Simon Agostini, Murielle Richard, Andréaz Dupoué, David Rozen-Rechels, Rémi Martin, Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ohio University, CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Le Galliard, Jean-François, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Fonctionnement et évolution des systèmes écologiques (FESE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis (SEEM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept Ecol Evol Biol, Univ California SC (EEB-UCSC), University of California-University of California, and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, reactive oxygen metabolites, Offspring, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, water, Zoology, antioxidant capacity, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, biology.animal, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, ectotherm, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Organism, media_common, Pregnancy, biology, Reproductive success, Lizard, temperature, medicine.disease, fitness, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 13. Climate action, Ectotherm, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, pregnancy, Reproduction, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Oxidative stress, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Reproduction involves considerable reorganization in an organism's physiology that incurs potential toxicity for cells (e.g., oxidative stress) and decrease in fitness. This framework has been the cornerstone of the so-called 'oxidative cost of reproduction', a theory that remains controversial and relatively overlooked in non-model ectotherms. Here, we used two complementary approaches in natural and controlled conditions to test whether altered access to climate conditions (water and temperature resources) alters oxidative status and mediates reproductive trade-offs in viviparous populations of the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara). First, we examined whether access to free-standing water and differences in ambient temperature across 12 natural populations could be related to variation in oxidative status, reproductive effort and reproductive success. Second, we determined whether an experimental restriction to water triggers higher oxidative cost of reproduction and correlates with fitness measures (reproductive success, future survival rate and probability of future reproduction). Pregnant females exhibited higher sensitivity than males to natural or experimental limitations in temperature and water access. That is, in restricted environments, pregnant females with higher reproductive effort exhibited stronger oxidative damage despite enhanced non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity. Enhanced antioxidant defensive capacity in pregnant females was positively correlated with higher reproductive success, whereas elevated oxidative damage negatively correlated with offspring annual survival. Altogether, our results revealed a context-dependent oxidative cost of reproduction that was concomitant with a conflict in water demand from offspring. These new insights should be critical for understanding ectotherm responses to heat waves and summer droughts that are increasing in frequency and duration. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Water restriction causes an intergenerational trade‐off and delayed mother–offspring conflict in a viviparous lizard

Author: Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Andréaz Dupoué, Simon Agostini, Claudy Haussy, Rémy Josserand, Jean-François Le Galliard, and Dale F. DeNardo
Subjects: 030110 physiology, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Mediation (statistics), biology, Lizard, Ecology, Offspring, media_common.quotation_subject, Mother offspring, Fecundity, Trade-off, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Plasma osmolality, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, Reproduction, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Demography, media_common
Abstract: Summary 1.Parenting is costly and because the relationship between the mother and embryos is not mutualistic, mother-offspring conflicts may exist whenever resource are scarce. However, intergenerational trade-offs and conflicts resulting from limited access to water, a vital and depreciable resource, remain largely overlooked. 2.In this study, we examined the physiological, reproductive and life history responses to water restriction in the European Common Lizard (Zootoca vivipara). We hypothesised that, under water-limited conditions, pregnant females experience both short-term and long-term physiological impacts (dehydration and stress) underlying an allocation trade-off for water between mothers and offspring. 3.Water restriction led to a decrease in body mass, and an increase in plasma osmolality (dehydration) and corticosterone concentration in both males and females. The extent of the dehydration was positively correlated with fecundity in females. This suggests a trade-off between maternal water balance and allocation of water to developing embryos during reproduction. 4.Water restriction had no immediate effect on reproductive output or offspring morphology at birth. Yet, water restriction in pregnant females enhanced their reproductive effort the following year but reduced the early life growth and annual survival of their second-year offspring. 5.These delayed fitness responses to water restriction in offspring and mothers suggest that water can trigger intergenerational conflicts as demonstrated for energy. Although the mediation of this conflict remains to be clarified, we hypothesized that it represents a selective force that influences reproductive strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Habitat degradation increases stress-hormone levels during the breeding season, and decreases survival and reproduction in adult common lizards

Author: Jean-François Le Galliard, Andréaz Dupoué, Rémy Josserand, Sandrine Meylan, Claudy Haussy, Simon Agostini, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (IEES Paris), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6), Sorbonne Universités, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), PSL Research University (PSL), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecole Supérieure du Professorat et de l'Education, ESPE, Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), CNRS, Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-13-JSV7-0011-01], Region Ile-de-France R2DS program [2013-08], Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, Breeding, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stress, Physiological, Corticosterone, biology.animal, Fitness, Seasonal breeder, Animals, Ecosystem, Triglycerides, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biology, Lizard, Ecology, Reproduction, Allostasis, Lizards, 15. Life on land, Fecundity, Allostatic load, 030104 developmental biology, Habitat destruction, Habitat, chemistry, Seasons, Immunocompetence
Abstract: The allostatic load model describes how individuals maintain homeostasis in challenging environment and posits that costs induced by a chronic perturbation (i.e., allostatic load) are correlated to the secretion of glucocorticoids, such as corticosterone. Habitat perturbations from anthropogenic activities are multiple and functional responses to those are still unclear. Here, we manipulated the habitat quality in 24 semi-natural populations of the common lizard during 1 year. We tested the predictions of the allostatic load model that habitat degradation should increase baseline corticosterone levels, and should induce concomitant physiological changes, such as lipid mobilization and lower immunocompetence, and demographic changes, such as lower body growth, survival and/or reproductive performances. Our results highlight stage-dependent effects of habitat degradation on physiological traits during the breeding season: adult lizards had higher baseline corticosterone levels and yearling lizards had a lower inflammatory response than adults, whereas juveniles had higher circulating lipid levels than yearlings and adults without concomitant change in corticosterone levels. In addition, habitat degradation reduced the performances of adults but not of juveniles: in low habitat quality populations, adult males had a lower survival and females had a smaller fecundity. These results are in accordance with the allostatic load model given that allostatic load was detected only during the season and in life stages of maximal energy expenditure. This underlines the importance to account for individual energy requirements to better understand demographic responses to habitat perturbation.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Arginine vasotocin inhibits social interactions and enhances essential activities in male common lizards (Zootoca vivipara)

Author: Josefa Bleu, Donald B. Miles, Félix Lallemand, Claudy Haussy, Sandrine Meylan, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris 4 - École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Paris (ESPE Paris), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), Ohio University, National Science Foundation (NSF)EF1241848, European Research Council (ERC)European Commission, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)European Commission, ANR-13-JSV7-0011,DESTRESS,Dégradation de l'habitat et stress hormonal : combiner théorie physiologique et biologie de la conservation(2013), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and ESPE de Paris, Université Paris Sorbonne , Paris
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Reptile, Vasotocin, Biology, Stress, Thermoregulation, Social interaction, Intraspecific competition, Endurance, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Corticosterone, Internal medicine, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Vasoconstrictor Agents, Interpersonal Relations, Testosterone, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Behavior, Animal, Vertebrate, Lizards, Social relation, AVT, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Osmoregulation, Animal Science and Zoology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Arginine vasotocin (AVT) is known to play an important role in the regulation of social behavior in a number of vertebrate species. Nevertheless, the relationship between AVT and intraspecific interactions appears complex and in some cases contradictory. Moreover, AVT influences other behaviors, which are not primarily social including exploratory behavior, locomotion and thermoregulation. Some of these behavioral effects may be side-effects from a general influence of AVT on physiology. Indeed AVT can regulate metabolism and osmoregulation. Because most studies have been conducted using mammals and birds, its role in modulating behavior in other vertebrate groups is largely unknown. In this study we examined the effect of AVT on the social behavior of male common lizards, Zootoca vivipara. Moreover, considering the variety of pathways AVT could be involved in, we investigated its consequences on thermoregulatory behavior and physiological performance. In mid June 2010, 74 males were captured from field sites (Mont-Lozere, South-eastern France) and kept in the laboratory for three weeks to obtain behavioral (reaction to conspecific odors, thermoregulation) and physiological (endurance, testosterone level) measurements. We demonstrated that injection of AVT reduced testosterone level and affected social behavior in different ways depending on the size of an individual. Specifically, small males injected with AVT were less attracted by conspecific odors than small control males, and no effect was detected in large males. Moreover, AVT promoted thermoregulatory behavior and enhanced endurance. These results are concordant with previous results obtained in this species in studies on stress suggesting that AVT may act through its influence on corticosterone secretion.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Sex-specific density-dependent secretion of glucocorticoids in lizards: insights from laboratory and field experiments

Author: Samuel Perret, Marianne Mugabo, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Jean-François Le Galliard, and Claudy Haussy
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Social stress, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Population density, Competition (biology), 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Corticosterone, Internal medicine, medicine, Seasonal breeder, Mating, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Sex ratio, media_common
Abstract: Negative density feedbacks have been extensively described in animal species and involve both consumptive (i.e. trophic interactions) and non-consumptive (i.e. social interactions) mechanisms. Glucocorticoids are a major component of the physiological stress response and homeostasis, and therefore make a good candidate for proximate determinants of negative density feedbacks. Here, we combined laboratory and field experiments with enclosed populations to investigate the relationship between density, social stress and plasma corticosterone levels in the common lizard Zootoca vivipara. This species exhibits strong negative density feedbacks that affect females more than males, and its life history is sensitive to experimentally-induced chronic elevation of corticosterone plasma levels. We found that prolonged crowding in the laboratory can trigger a chronic secretion of corticosterone independent from food restriction. In the field experiments, corticosterone levels of females were not affected by population density. Corticosterone levels of males increased with population density but only during the late activity season in a first field experiment where we manipulated density. They also increased with density during the mating season but only in populations with a female-biased sex ratio in a second field experiment where we crossed manipulated density and adult sex ratio. Altogether, our results provide limited evidence for a role of basal corticosterone secretion in density feedbacks in this species. Context and density-dependent effects in males may arise from changes in behavior caused by competition for resources, male–male competition, and mating.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Some like it dry: Water restriction overrides heterogametic sex determination in two reptiles

Author: Olivier Lourdais, Jean-François Le Galliard, Andréaz Dupoué, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Yoan Marcangeli, Simon Agostini, Frédéric Angelier, François Brischoux, David Rozen-Rechels, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, sex reversal, Evolution of sexual reproduction, Offspring, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, sex determination, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, heterogamety, survival, [SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, 03 medical and health sciences, gestation, lcsh:QH540-549.5, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selection (genetic algorithm), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Original Research, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Mechanism (biology), dehydration, Sex reversal, sex ratio, Evolutionary biology, Ectotherm, lcsh:Ecology, early growth, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Sex ratio, Heterogametic sex
Abstract: The evolution of sex determination is complex and yet crucial in our understanding of population stability. In ectotherms, sex determination involves a variety of mechanisms including genetic determination (GSD), environment determination (ESD), but also interactions between the two via sex reversal. In this study, we investigated whether water deprivation during pregnancy could override GSD in two heterogametic squamate reptiles. We demonstrated that water restriction in early gestation induced a male‐biased secondary sex ratio in both species, which could be explained by water sex reversal as the more likely mechanism. We further monitored some long‐term fitness estimates of offspring, which suggested that water sex determination (WSD) represented a compensatory strategy producing the rarest sex according to Fisher's assumptions of frequency‐dependent selection models. This study provides new insights into sex determination modes and calls for a general investigation of mechanisms behind WSD and to examine the evolutionary implications. OPEN RESEARCH BADGES This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mv06pv1.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Water restriction in viviparous lizards causes transgenerational effects on behavioral anxiety and immediate effects on exploration behavior

Author: Sophie Guingand, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Jean-François Le Galliard, Andréaz Dupoué, David Rozen-Rechels, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Agence Nationale de la Recherche grant [ANR-13-JSV7-0011-01]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Maternal effects, Offspring, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Zoology, Biology, Stress, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, Juvenile, Thigmotaxis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Water availability, Maternal effect, Reptiles, Flexibility (personality), 030104 developmental biology, Animal ecology, Biological dispersal, Anxiety, Animal Science and Zoology, Exploration, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, medicine.symptom
Abstract: International audience; Behavioral plasticity induced by maternal effects is crucial in adjusting offspring phenotype to match the environment. In particular, changes in water availability during development may initiate a range of behavioral responses, such as natal dispersal, but the contribution of maternal effects from water stress in explaining behavioral variation has been overlooked so far. In this study, we examined behavioral plasticity of juvenile common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) in response to changes in pre-natal and post-natal hydric conditions. We exposed pregnant mothers either to a moderate water restriction or to ad libitum access to water. We used neutral arena tests to measure repeatedly activity and space use behaviors of their offspring, either in dry or wet soil conditions, at two distinct life stages (juveniles and yearlings) in order to quantify behavioral flexibility, age differences, and personalities (consistent inter-individual differences). Juveniles and yearlings had greater exploration scores in dry than wet conditions regardless of the pre-natal conditions. Pre-natal water restriction and dry post-natal conditions enhanced thigmotaxis (i.e., a behavior related to anxiety) in juveniles. Maternal environment did not influence behavioral flexibility nor the behavior of yearlings. Behaviors were barely repeatable in juveniles and inconsistent through early life. Assuming that dry conditions may initiate flight responses, these results suggest complex relationships between the developmental timing of water stress, exploration and anxiety behaviors, and dispersal syndromes. Significance statement Water restriction should initiate a range of behaviors related to a flight response. However, there is little evidence that changes in water availability across development influence offspring behavior in wild animals. Experiments with lizards demonstrate that maternal water restriction increased the anxiety of their juveniles, whereas their exploration was higher in dry environments. Thus, water availability may be a critical determinant of space use behavior and dispersal syndromes.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Reduction in baseline corticosterone secretion correlates with climate warming and drying across wild lizard populations

Author: Alexis Rutschmann, Donald B. Miles, Claudy Haussy, Barry Sinervo, Jean-François Le Galliard, Andréaz Dupoué, Pauline Blaimont, Jean Clobert, Sandrine Meylan, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Dept Ecol Evol Biol, Univ California SC (EEB-UCSC), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université - École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Paris (ESPE Paris), Sorbonne Université (SU), ANR-13-JSV7-0011,DESTRESS,Dégradation de l'habitat et stress hormonal : combiner théorie physiologique et biologie de la conservation(2013), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, University of California-University of California, Le Galliard, Jean-François, and Jeunes Chercheuses et Jeunes Chercheurs - Dégradation de l'habitat et stress hormonal : combiner théorie physiologique et biologie de la conservation - - DESTRESS2013 - ANR-13-JSV7-0011 - JC - VALID
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Population, Biodiversity, Physiology, population decline, water availability, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Corticosterone, biology.animal, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animals, Chronic stress, Longitudinal Studies, education, ectotherm, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, education.field_of_study, Extinction, biology, Lizard, Reproduction, corticosterone, temperature, Lizards, Population decline, 030104 developmental biology, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Ectotherm, Animal Science and Zoology, Female, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, altitude
Abstract: International audience; Climate change should lead to massive loss of biodiversity in most taxa, but the detailed physiological mechanisms underlying population extinction remain largely elusive so far. In vertebrates, baseline levels of hormones such as glucocorticoids (GCs) may be indicators of population state as their secretion to chronic stress can impair survival and reproduction. However, the relationship between GC secretion, climate change and population extinction risk remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether levels of baseline corticosterone (the main GCs in reptiles) correlate with environmental conditions and associated extinction risk across wild populations of the common lizard Zootoca vivipara. First, we performed a cross‐sectional comparison of baseline corticosterone levels along an altitudinal gradient among 14 populations. Then, we used a longitudinal study in eight populations to examine the changes in corticosterone levels following the exposure to a heatwave period. Unexpectedly, baseline corticosterone decreased with increasing thermal conditions at rest in females and was not correlated with extinction risk. In addition, baseline corticosterone levels decreased after exposure to an extreme heatwave period. This seasonal corticosterone decrease was more pronounced in populations without access to standing water. We suggest that low basal secretion of corticosterone may entail downregulating activity levels and limit exposure to adverse climatic conditions, especially to reduce water loss. These new insights suggest that rapid population decline might be preceded by a downregulation of the corticosterone secretion.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Water availability and environmental temperature correlate with geographic variation in water balance in common lizards

Author: Donald B. Miles, Alexis Rutschmann, Sandrine Meylan, Jean Clobert, Andréaz Dupoué, George A. Brusch, Jean-François Le Galliard, Dale F. DeNardo, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ohio University, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris 4 - École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Paris (ESPE Paris), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), National Science Foundation (NSF)NSF-EF1241848, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-13-JSV7-0011,DESTRESS,Dégradation de l'habitat et stress hormonal : combiner théorie physiologique et biologie de la conservation(2013), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 030110 physiology, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Climate Change, Species distribution, Climate change, Osmolality, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Water loss, 03 medical and health sciences, Water balance, Water conservation, Pregnancy, Temperate climate, Animals, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Dehydration, Ectotherm, Ecology, Reproduction, Temperature, Water, Humidity, Lizards, Water-Electrolyte Balance, Adaptation, Physiological, Droughts, Plasma osmolality, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Female, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Water conservation strategies are well documented in species living in water-limited environments, but physiological adaptations to water availability in temperate climate environments are still relatively overlooked. Yet, temperate species are facing more frequent and intense droughts as a result of climate change. Here, we examined variation in field hydration state (plasma osmolality) and standardized evaporative water loss rate (SEWL) of adult male and pregnant female common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) from 13 natural populations with contrasting air temperature, air humidity, and access to water. We found different patterns of geographic variation between sexes. Overall, males were more dehydrated (i.e. higher osmolality) than pregnant females, which likely comes from differences in field behaviour and water intake since the rate of SEWL was similar between sexes. Plasma osmolality and SEWL rate were positively correlated with environmental temperature in males, while plasma osmolality in pregnant females did not correlate with environmental conditions, reproductive stage or reproductive effort. The SEWL rate was significantly lower in populations without access to free standing water, suggesting that lizards can adapt or adjust physiology to cope with habitat dryness. Environmental humidity did not explain variation in water balance. We suggest that geographic variation in water balance physiology and behaviour should be taken account to better understand species range limits and sensitivity to climate change.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. UV color determines the issue of conflicts but does not covary with individual quality in a lizard

Author: Samuel Perret, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Claudy Haussy, Jean-François Le Galliard, and Mélissa Martin
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, Lizard, Ecology, 05 social sciences, Zoology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Reflectivity, Behavioral response, biology.animal, Seasonal breeder, Agonistic behaviour, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Ultraviolet (UV) colors are visual signals potentially involved in territorial conflicts. However, the role of UV signals remains unclear relative to the prior resident effect and familiarity with the opponent, and the reliability of UV signals is still controversial. Male common lizards Zootoca vivipara exhibit substantial variation in the reflectance of their throat UV color patch. We tested whether UV reflectance was correlated with indicators of individual condition. We further manipulated throat UV reflectance of resident and intruder lizards and staged repeated encounters in the laboratory during the mating season. We found no evidence of condition dependence of the UV colors expression. During the first encounter among unfamiliar males, a reduction of UV reflectance of 1 of the 2 opponents influenced agonistic behaviors and the contest outcome, such that there was a significant advantage for residents over intruders. This advantage disappeared when both opponents were UV reduced. During the subsequent encounters among familiar males, fighting was more aggressive when opponents displayed similar UV signals, but UV signals did not influence the contest outcome. These results demonstrate that UV reflectance acted as a badge of status in male common lizards whose effects on the behavioral response were modulated, but not overridden, by the prior resident effect and by the familiarity effect. Male–male interactions are therefore mediated by UV signaling and competition for mates should play a major role in the evolutionary maintenance of this ornament. We discuss putative functions and reliability of UV signals.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Costs of Mounting an Immune Response during Pregnancy in a Lizard

Author: Donald B. Miles, Sandrine Meylan, Sophie Bauer, Claudy Haussy, and Murielle Richard
Subjects: Erythrocytes, Litter Size, Physiology, Zoology, Motor Activity, Biology, Biochemistry, Immune system, Viviparity, Nonmammalian, Immunity, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Motor activity, Sheep, Domestic, Immunity, Cellular, Pregnancy, Ecology, Lizard, Vivipary, Reproduction, Lizards, medicine.disease, Ectotherm, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Basal Metabolism, France, Body Temperature Regulation
Abstract: Immune defenses are of great benefit to hosts, but reducing the impact of infection by mounting an immune response also entails costs. However, the physiological mechanisms that generate the costs of an immune response remain poorly understood. Moreover, the majority of studies investigating the consequences of an immune challenge in vertebrates have been conducted on mammals and birds. The aim of this study is to investigate the physiological costs of mounting an immune response during gestation in an ectothermic species. Indeed, because ectothermic species are unable to internally regulate their body temperature, the apportionment of resources to homeostatic activities in ectothermic species can differ from that in endothermic species. We conducted this study on the common lizard Zootoca vivipara. We investigated the costs of mounting an immune response by injecting females with sheep red blood cells and quantified the consequences to reproductive performance (litter mass and success) and physiological performance (standard metabolic rate, endurance, and phytohemagglutinin response). In addition, we measured basking behavior. Our analyses revealed that mounting an immune response affected litter mass, physiological performance, and basking behavior. Moreover, we demonstrated that the modulation of an immune challenge is impacted by intrinsic factors, such as body size and condition.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Do personalities co-vary with metabolic expenditure and glucocorticoid stress response in adult lizards?

Author: Paulina Artacho, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Rémy Josserand, Jean-François Le Galliard, Hugo Mell, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Austral de Chile, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Physiology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Corticosterone, Internal medicine, biology.animal, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, Personality, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, biology, Aggression, Lizard, corticosterone, temperament, reptiles, locomotion, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Animal ecology, personality, Ectotherm, Animal Science and Zoology, Temperament, medicine.symptom, metabolism, Glucocorticoid, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Stable differences in physiology among individuals may facilitate the evolution of consistent individual differences in behavior. In particular, according to the pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis, individual variation in metabolic expenditure and stress physiology should be linked with exploration, aggression, or risk taking behaviors. Previous studies have uncovered stable individual differences in metabolic expenditure and circulating glucorticoids in common lizards (Zootoca vivipara). We tested for correlations between standard metabolic rates (SMR), glucorticoid stress response and behavioral traits (activity, aggressiveness, risk taking and sociability) in males. In ectotherms, the thermal dependence of SMR should be included in the POLS hypothesis; we therefore measured SMR at three temperatures from rest to preferred body temperature. Activity, aggressiveness and risk taking, but not sociability, exhibited significant, short term repeatability, and little correlation was found between behavioral traits. The SMR of lizards with a low metabolism at rest increased faster with body temperature. The SMR at rest was negatively correlated with behavioral variation in sociability and activity but not with risk taking behavior. In addition, the plasma corticosterone level after an acute, handling stress increased slightly but not significantly with aggressiveness. We discuss alternative interpretations for these relationships and conclude that the link between inter-individual variation in physiology and behavior is trait-dependent in the common lizard.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. The sooner the better: reproductive phenology drives ontogenetic trajectories in a temperate squamate (Podarcis muralis)

Author: Sandrine Meylan, Olivier Lourdais, and Maxime Le Henanff
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Phenotypic plasticity, Ecology, Hatching, Phenology, Ontogeny, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Podarcis muralis, 03 medical and health sciences, Ectotherm, Oviparity, Incubation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Understanding variations in individual trajectories is a crucial evolutionary issue. Terrestrial ectotherms from temperate regions typically face thermal constraints and limited activity periods. Developmental conditions (i.e. embryonic life) and reproductive timing (laying date) should induce phenotypic variations and influence subsequent ontogenetic trajectories (growth and survival). We studied these combined influences in an oviparous squamate, the wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), comprising a multiple clutch species with natural variations in laying date for the first clutch. We experimentally manipulated maternal basking opportunities during gravidity (3, 6 or 9 h per day) and incubation temperature (23 or 29 °C). Early laying date positively influenced winter survival in both incubation treatments. Survival was significantly lower in cool than warm-incubated individuals (14.8% and 73.6%, respectively) because of delayed hatching date and reduced activity period before winter. Individuals from cool incubation temperature were slightly smaller but had a higher body condition and grew faster during the first month of life. Offspring behaviour was driven by complex interactions between gravidity and incubation treatments. Under cool incubation temperature, defensive behaviour was high, independently of gravidity treatment. Warm incubated individuals showed low defensive response except when maternal basking opportunities were restricted to 3 h. Defensive behaviour at birth had a positive influence on survival in cool-incubated individuals. The results of the present study highlight the long-term influence of hatching date that integrates female reproductive timing and incubation conditions. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 00, 000–000.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Hormonally mediated maternal effects, individual strategy and global change

Author: Donald B. Miles, Sandrine Meylan, and Jean Clobert
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Offspring, Climate Change, Population Dynamics, Population, Adaptation, Biological, Genetic Fitness, Metapopulation, Environmental pollution, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Stress, Physiological, Animals, education, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Phenotypic plasticity, education.field_of_study, Behavior, Animal, Ecology, Maternal effect, Articles, Clutch Size, Biological Evolution, Neurosecretory Systems, Hormones, Phenotype, 13. Climate action, Evolutionary biology, Female, Steroids, Environmental Pollution, Introduced Species, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Hormone
Abstract: A challenge to ecologists and evolutionary biologists is predicting organismal responses to the anticipated changes to global ecosystems through climate change. Most evidence suggests that short-term global change may involve increasing occurrences of extreme events, therefore the immediate response of individuals will be determined by physiological capacities and life-history adaptations to cope with extreme environmental conditions. Here, we consider the role of hormones and maternal effects in determining the persistence of species in altered environments. Hormones, specifically steroids, are critical for patterning the behaviour and morphology of parents and their offspring. Hence, steroids have a pervasive influence on multiple aspects of the offspring phenotype over its lifespan. Stress hormones, e.g. glucocorticoids, modulate and perturb phenotypes both early in development and later into adulthood. Females exposed to abiotic stressors during reproduction may alter the phenotypes by manipulation of hormones to the embryos. Thus, hormone-mediated maternal effects, which generate phenotypic plasticity, may be one avenue for coping with global change. Variation in exposure to hormones during development influences both the propensity to disperse, which alters metapopulation dynamics, and population dynamics, by affecting either recruitment to the population or subsequent life-history characteristics of the offspring. We suggest that hormones may be an informative index to the potential for populations to adapt to changing environments.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Experimental evidence of early costs of reproduction in conspecific viviparous and oviparous lizards

Author: Manuel Massot, Sandrine Meylan, Claudy Haussy, Benoit Heulin, and Josefa Bleu
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, biology, Lizard, Vivipary, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Zoology, Trade-off, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, medicine, Gestation, Vitellogenesis, Reproduction, medicine.symptom, Oviparity, Weight gain, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, media_common
Abstract: Reproduction entails costs, and disentangling the relative importance of each stage of the reproductive cycle may be important to assess the costs and benefits of different reproductive strategies. We studied the early costs of reproduction in oviparous and viviparous lizard females of the bimodal reproductive species Zootoca vivipara. Egg retention time in oviparous females is approximately one-third of the time in viviparous females. We compared the vitellogenesis and egg retention stages that are common to both reproductive modes. Precisely, we monitored the thermoregulatory behaviour, the weight gain and the immunocompetence of the females. Moreover, we injected an antigen in half of the females (immune challenge) to study the trade-offs between reproductive mode and immune performance and between different components of the immune system. Finally, we experimentally induced parturition in viviparous females at the time of egg laying in oviparous females. Oviparous and viviparous females did not show strong differences in response to the immune challenge. However, viviparous females spent more time thermoregulating while partially hidden and gained more weight than oviparous females. The greater weight gain indicates that the initial period of egg retention is less costly for viviparous than for oviparous females or that viviparous females are able to save and accumulate energy at this period. This energy may be used by viviparous females to cope with the subsequent costs of the last two-third of the gestation. Such an ability to compensate the higher costs of a longer egg retention period may account for the frequent evolution of viviparity in squamate reptiles.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. An integrative study of ageing in a wild population of common lizards

Author: Jorge Cubo, Laetitia Montes-Poloni, Claudy Haussy, Jean Clobert, Manuel Massot, and Sandrine Meylan
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Senescence, Litter (animal), 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Offspring, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Zoology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Natural population growth, Ageing, Pleiotropy, Reproduction, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, media_common
Abstract: 1. Integrative studies on ageing patterns in multiple traits of organisms are challenging and rare in free-living populations. However, developing integrative approaches could prove useful to understanding ageing patterns as causes of age variations are diverse, with conflicting or related actions. Accordingly, we investigated age variation of multiple aspects in the common lizard Lacerta (Zootoca) vivipara. 2. In a wild population of common lizards, we studied five fitness components, three physiological traits (cell-mediated immunity, corticosterone level, resting metabolic rate), and controlled for individual and environmental heterogeneities. To quantify ageing patterns in fitness, we used individual-based data collected over 14 years (18 684 captures, 892 reproductive events). 3. Ageing patterns were found in multiple aspects. They provided evidence for female maturation early in adulthood (access to reproduction, litter size), followed by senescence in female reproduction (litter success) and survival. In parallel to senescence, a pattern of terminal investment enhanced offspring quality (offspring body size, offspring corpulence, litter success). Ageing patterns involved physiology with higher metabolic rate and T cell-mediated immune response in old females. 4. Several ageing patterns were dependent on environmental and individual characteristics (habitat, year, sex, body size). Interestingly, senescence occurred only in females with a high reproductive effort early in life. Rarely showed, this trade-off between early and late-life performances is expected under the antagonistic pleiotropy and disposable soma theories of senescence. 5. Overall, this study emphasizes the interest of integrative studies to investigate the multifaceted process of ageing.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Food deprivation modifies corticosterone-dependent behavioural shifts in the common lizard

Author: Claudy Haussy, Sandrine Meylan, Julien Cote, Jean Clobert, L. Montes Poloni, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 0106 biological sciences, Activity level, medicine.medical_specialty, Food deprivation, Zoology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Stress, Physiological, Corticosterone, biology.animal, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Body Size, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Behavior, Animal, biology, Lizard, Food availability, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Lizards, Physiological responses, chemistry, Metabolic rate, Animal Science and Zoology, Basal Metabolism, sense organs, Energy Metabolism, Food Deprivation, Glucocorticoid, medicine.drug
Abstract: Stressful events typically induce glucocorticoid production that suppresses unnecessary physiological and behavioural functions. The glucocorticoid production also temporally activates alternative behavioural and physiological pathways. These responses are generally adaptive changes to avoid the negative effects of stressors. However, under low food availability, these behavioural and physiological modifications might lead to energetic costs. We therefore predict that these responses should not be activated when there are energetic constraints (e.g., low food availability). We experimentally tested whether food deprivation modifies corticosterone-induced behavioural and physiological responses in captive male common lizards. We measured corticosterone-induced responses in terms of body mass, metabolic rate, activity level and basking behaviour. We found that corticosterone-induced various behavioural and physiological responses which were dependent on food availability. Well-fed lizards treated with corticosterone were active earlier, and increased their basking behaviour. These behavioural modifications did not occur in food-deprived lizards. This inactivation of stress-related behavioural changes probably allows the lizard to save energy.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Informed dispersal, heterogeneity in animal dispersal syndromes and the dynamics of spatially structured populations

Author: Sandrine Meylan, Jean Clobert, Julien Cote, Jean-François Le Galliard, Manuel Massot, Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis (SEEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 0106 biological sciences, Competitive Behavior, Population Dynamics, Population structure, Population, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Empirical evidence, education, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Habitat fragmentation, Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 15. Life on land, Colonisation, Variation (linguistics), Habitat, Biological dispersal, Animal Migration, Female
Abstract: There is accumulating evidence that individuals leave their natal area and select a breeding habitat non-randomly by relying upon information about their natal and future breeding environments. This variation in dispersal is not only based on external information (condition dependence) but also depends upon the internal state of individuals (phenotype dependence). As a consequence, not all dispersers are of the same quality or search for the same habitats. In addition, the individual's state is characterized by morphological, physiological or behavioural attributes that might themselves serve as a cue altering the habitat choice of conspecifics. These combined effects of internal and external information have the potential to generate complex movement patterns and could influence population dynamics and colonization processes. Here, we highlight three particular processes that link condition-dependent dispersal, phenotype-dependent dispersal and habitat choice strategies: (1) the relationship between the cause of departure and the dispersers' phenotype; (2) the relationship between the cause of departure and the settlement behaviour and (3) the concept of informed dispersal, where individuals gather and transfer information before and during their movements through the landscape. We review the empirical evidence for these processes with a special emphasis on vertebrate and arthropod model systems, and present case studies that have quantified the impacts of these processes on spatially structured population dynamics. We also discuss recent literature providing strong evidence that individual variation in dispersal has an important impact on both reinforcement and colonization success and therefore must be taken into account when predicting ecological responses to global warming and habitat fragmentation.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Adaptive significance of maternal induction of density-dependent phenotypes

Author: Barry Sinervo, Sandrine Meylan, and Jean Clobert
Subjects: Avian clutch size, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Offspring, Population, Maternal effect, Zoology, Biology, Population density, Density dependence, Juvenile, Biological dispersal, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Density has been demonstrated to impact life history traits such as growth, fecundity and survival. Some authors have proposed that morphological and behavioral traits have evolved in response to density conditions. To escape the adverse effect of density, individuals can either adapt to crowding or avoid crowding by dispersing. The aim of this work is to study the interplay between local adaptation and dispersal in four populations of the common lizard, Lacerta vivipara, where densities of both the maternal and juvenile environment have been experimentally manipulated. Density was decreased in the spring by removing a quarter of the population at two sites and was un-manipulated in two other sites. One month later, we caught some pregnant females and kept them in the laboratory until parturition. To manipulate density of postnatal neonates and juveniles, we divided each clutch into two, and released half of the juveniles either in a reduced density site or in a control one. We then recaptured individuals a year after release and recorded their size and weight. When density was reduced, females increased their clutch size, but produced offspring of lower body condition than in the control sites. The conspicuous ventral color of females was likewise increased when density was reduced. However, offspring growth rate, local survival and dispersal were not influenced by maternal density. Juvenile females released in the reduced-density site had lower survival rate than those released in the control density site. Contrary to expectations, offspring dispersal was significantly higher at the reduced compared to control density sites. There was no interaction between maternal density habitat and the juvenile release habitat indicating that maternal effects did not influence juvenile life history traits in a different way according to the level of density. Moreover, clutch size and offspring size had no effect on juvenile growth or survival.
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Aadaptive significance of maternal induction of density-dependent phenotypes

Author: Sandrine Meylan, Jean Clobert, and Barry Sinervo
Subjects: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Density-dependent immunity and parasitism risk in experimental populations of lizards naturally infested by ixodid ticks

Author: Samuel Perret, Jean-François Le Galliard, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Marianne Mugabo, Mugabo, Marianne, University of Leeds, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [07-JCJC-0120], Region Ile-de-France R2DS program [2007-06], École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL)
Subjects: Male, Aging, Tick infestation, Ixodidae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ixodes ricinus, immune defenses, Parasitism, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Population density, Intraspecific competition, common lizard, density dependence, encounter-dilution effect, host-parasite interactions, inflammation, path analysis, zootoca vivipara, Immune system, Immunity, Infestation, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Population Density, Ecology, Host (biology), Lizards, medicine.disease, Tick Infestations, Female
Abstract: International audience; When effective immune defenses against parasites are costly and resources limited, individuals are expected to alter their investment in immunity in response to the risk of infection. As an ecological factor that can affect both food abundance and parasite exposure, host density can play an important role in host immunity and host-parasite interactions. High levels of intraspecific competition for food and social stress at high host density may diminish immune defenses and increase host susceptibility to parasites. At the same time, for contagious and environmentally transmitted parasites, parasite exposure often increases with host density, whereas in mobile parasites that actively search for hosts, parasite exposure can decrease with host density due to the encounter-dilution effect. To unravel these multiple and potentially opposing effects of host density on immunity, we manipulated density of the common lizard Zootoca vivipara and measured local inflammation in response to PHA injection and levels of infestation by the tick Ixodes ricinus, a mobile ectoparasite for which we expected an encounter-dilution effect to occur. Local inflammation strongly decreased with lizard density in adults, but not in yearlings. Tick infestation (abundance and prevalence) was negatively correlated with lizard density in both age classes. Using path analyses, we found independent, direct negative density feedbacks on immunity and parasite exposure in adults, supporting the hypothesis of energy constraints and/or physiological stress acting on immunity at high density. In contrast, for yearlings, the best path model showed that density diluted exposure to parasites, which themselves down-regulated immune defenses in lizards. These results highlight the importance of investigating the pathways among host density, host immunity, and parasite infestation, while accounting for relevant individual traits such as age.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Is oxidative status influenced by dietary carotenoid and physical activity after moult in the great tit (Parus major)?

Author: Samuel Perret, Filiz Karadas, Clotilde Biard, Marie Vaugoyeau, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yüzüncü Y?l University, Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), and Emergence-UPMC-2011 research programme
Subjects: Male, Vitamin, Antioxidant, carotenoid based colour, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Context (language use), Motor Activity, Aquatic Science, Biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, Botany, medicine, Animals, Vitamin E, Lymphocytes, Passeriformes, Vitamin A, Molecular Biology, Carotenoid, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, physiological stress, chemistry.chemical_classification, Pigmentation, food and beverages, Feathers, Carotenoids, immunity, Diet, Oxidative Stress, antioxidants, chemistry, Plumage, Insect Science, Feather, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Reactive Oxygen Species, Moulting
Abstract: International audience; In the context of sexual and natural selection, an allocation trade-off for carotenoid pigments may exist because of their obligate dietary origin and their role both in the antioxidant and immune systems and in the production of coloured signals in various taxa, particularly birds. When birds have expended large amounts of carotenoids to feather growth such as after autumn moult, bird health and oxidative status might be more constrained. We tested this hypothesis in a bird species with carotenoid-based plumage colour, by manipulating dietary carotenoids and physical activity, which can decrease antioxidant capacity and increase reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) concentration. Great tits were captured after moult and kept in aviaries, under three treatments: physical handicap and dietary supplementation with carotenoids, physical handicap and control diet, and no handicap and control diet. We measured plasma composition (antioxidant capacity, ROM concentration, and vitamin A, vitamin E and total carotenoid concentrations), immune system activation (blood sedimentation) and stress response (heterophil/lymphocyte ratio) and predicted that handicap treatment should influence these negatively and carotenoid supplementation positively. Coloration of yellow feathers was also measured. Carotenoid supplementation increased total plasma carotenoid concentration, decreased feather carotenoid chroma and marginally increased ROM concentration. Handicap increased blood sedimentation only in males but had no clear influence on oxidative stress, which contradicted previous studies. Further studies are needed to investigate how physical activity and carotenoid availability might interact and influence oxidative stress outside the moult period, and their combined potential influence on attractiveness and reproductive investment later during the breeding season.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Ontogenic sources of variation in sexual size dimorphism in a viviparous lizard

Author: Jean Clobert, M. M. Landys, J.-F. Le Galliard, Manuel Massot, and Sandrine Meylan
Subjects: Male, Sex Characteristics, biology, Ecology, Offspring, Lizard, Ontogeny, Maternal effect, Genetic Variation, Zoology, Lizards, Environment, Lacerta vivipara, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Population density, Sexual dimorphism, biology.animal, Animals, Body Size, Juvenile, Female, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: To elucidate the developmental aspects of the evolution of sexual size dimorphism (SSD), an understanding of the sex-specific ontogeny of body size is critical. Here, we evaluate the relative importance of genetic and environmental determinants of SSD in juvenile common lizards (Lacerta vivipara). We examined the prenatal and post-natal effects of population density and habitat humidity on SSD, as well as the maternal effects of food availability, corticosterone level, humidity and heat regime during gestation. Analyses indicated strong prenatal and post-natal plasticity in body size per se and yielded three main results with respect to SSD. First, SSD in juvenile common lizards matches qualitatively the SSD observed in adults. Secondly, SSD was influenced by none of the prenatal factors investigated here, suggesting poor sex-biased maternal effects on offspring size. Thirdly, SSD was sensitive to post-natal habitat humidity, which positively affected growth rate more strongly in females than in males. Thus, natural variation in SSD in juvenile common lizards appears to be primarily determined by a combination of sex-biased genetic factors and post-natal conditions. We discuss the possibility that viviparity may constrain the evolution of sex-biased maternal effects on offspring size.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Maternal Effects on Offspring Locomotion: Influence of Density and Corticosterone Elevation in the Lizard Lacerta vivipara

Author: Sandrine Meylan and Jean Clobert
Subjects: Physiology, Offspring, Population, Zoology, Biology, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pregnancy, Corticosterone, biology.animal, Animals, education, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Population Density, education.field_of_study, Maternal history, Ecology, Lizard, Maternal effect, Lizards, Lacerta vivipara, biology.organism_classification, Fertility, Phenotype, chemistry, Physical Endurance, Body Constitution, Gestation, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, France, Locomotion
Abstract: Offspring phenotype can be affected by maternal history before and during gestation. Offspring sensitivity to maternal conditions is believed to have evolved to favor preadaptation of offspring to environmental factors they are likely to encounter. Because the locomotor capacity of an individual is likely to have important fitness consequences, we examined the role of long-term and short-term prenatal conditions on offspring's locomotor performance in the lizard Lacerta vivipara. To examine long-term prenatal effects, we manipulated the density of two populations, leaving two additional populations as unmanipulated. We then collected pregnant females within these four populations (Cévennes, Massif Central, France) and kept them in the laboratory until parturition. To examine short-term prenatal effects, we manipulated the corticosterone level of half the females within each population. We took two different measurements of offspring locomotion: sprint speed and endurance. As already documented, sprint speed was positively correlated with offspring body size. Although population density significantly affected female fecundity, neither the density manipulation nor the population of origin influenced offspring phenotype. Corticosterone administered during gestation decreased juvenile sprint speed but did not affect juvenile endurance. Furthermore, we observed that the motivation to run was influenced by maternal hormonal treatment. Juveniles born from corticosterone-treated mothers needed more stimuli than those born from control mothers. We conclude, therefore, that the action of corticosterone on sprint speed could be more behavioral than physiological. Offspring phenotype as measured by endurance and sprint speed appeared partly under maternal control.
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Maternal size and stress and offspring philopatry: An experimental study in the common lizard (Lacerta vivipara)

Author: Sandrine Meylan, Michelle de Fraipont, and Jean Clobert
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Ecology, biology, Lizard, Offspring, Maternal effect, Zoology, Lacerta vivipara, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, biology.animal, Biological dispersal, Philopatry, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: During gestation, many morphological, physiological, and behavioural traits are influenced by the maternal environment. Previous experiments on natal dispersal in Lacerta vivipara demonstrated that...
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. The effect of transdermal corticosterone application on plasma corticosterone levels in pregnant Lacerta vivipara

Author: Jean Clobert, Sandrine Meylan, and Alfred M. Dufty
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Physiology, Biology, Administration, Cutaneous, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Basal (phylogenetics), Pregnancy, Corticosterone, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology, Transdermal, Lizards, Radioimmunoassay, Silastic, medicine.disease, Lacerta vivipara, biology.organism_classification, Endocrinology, chemistry, Pregnancy, Animal, Female, Hormone
Abstract: Relationships between hormones and behaviour can be explored by altering endogenous hormone levels, often through implantation of silastic tubing or osmotic pumps filled with a hormone or its agonists or antagonists. However, organisms in sensitive life-history stages (such as pregnancy) may be adversely affected by the surgical procedures associated with these manipulations, necessitating use of non-invasive techniques. We demonstrate that the application of a sesame oil-corticosterone mixture to the skin of pregnant female common lizards (Lacerta vivipara) elevates plasma levels of the hormone. Pregnant female L. vivipara were captured and treated daily for 1-20 days with the sesame oil-corticosterone mixture (experimental group) or with vehicle only (control group). Blood samples were collected and analyzed for corticosterone by radioimmunoassay. Baseline plasma corticosterone levels were elevated within 1 h in the experimental group. Similar levels ( approximately 145 ng/ml) were found over the subsequent 2 days, and by day 5 had risen significantly higher ( approximately 281.9 ng/ml), where they remained for the duration of the experiment. These increases are comparable to those found in other species using related techniques. No significant changes in plasma corticosterone levels occurred in the control group. Finally, corticosterone levels also were determined for untreated females that were captured, held overnight, sampled, and released to access to the natural range of basal corticosterone levels. Basal plasma levels of corticosterone in pregnant females varied among individuals independently of female body size or corpulence.
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. The importance of short and near infrared wavelength sensitivity for visual discrimination in two species of lacertid lizards

Author: Ellis R. Loew, Sandrine Meylan, Mélissa Martin, and Jean-François Le Galliard
Subjects: genetic structures, biology, Physiology, Lizard, Zoology, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Intraspecific competition, Podarcis muralis, food, Spectral sensitivity, Insect Science, biology.animal, Oil droplet, Botany, Lacertidae, Animal Science and Zoology, Photopigment, food.nutrient, sense organs, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Vitamin a1
Abstract: Males and females from Lacertid lizard species often display conspicuous colourations involved in intraspecific communication. However, visual systems of Lacertidae have rarely been studied and the spectral sensitivity of their retinal photoreceptors remains unknown. Here, we characterised spectral sensitivity of two Lacertid species from contrasted habitats, the wall lizard Podarcis muralis and the common lizard Zootoca vivipara. Both species possess a pure-cone retina with one spectral class of double cones and four spectral classes of single cone photoreceptors. The two species differ in the spectral sensitivity of the LWS cones, the relative abundance of UVS single cones (potentially more abundant in Z. vivipara), and the colouration of oil droplets. Wall lizards have pure vitamin A1-based photopigments while common lizards possess mixed vitamin A1- and A2- photopigments extending spectral sensitivity into near infrared, a rare feature in terrestrial vertebrates. We found that spectral sensitivity in the UV and in the near infrared improves discrimination of small variation in throat colouration among Z. vivipara. Thus, retinal specialisations optimise chromatic resolution in common lizards, which indicates that visual system and visual signals may co-evolve.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

83 results on '"Sandrine Meylan"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources