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7. An experimental test of intra‐ and inter‐specific competition between invasive western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and native plains topminnow (Fundulus sciadicus).

Author

Lewis, Samuel T., Salerno, Jonathan D., Sanderson, John S., and Kanno, Yoichiro

Subjects
COMPETITION (Biology), COEXISTENCE of species, HABITAT selection, PLAINS, NATIVE species, PLANT competition, SYMPATRIC speciation
Abstract

Invasive species are a major threat to freshwater conservation. The coexistence of species in invaded habitats depends on the relative strength of intra‐ versus inter‐specific competition, where inter‐specific competition from invasive to native species is often stronger than intra‐specific competition, jeopardising their coexistence.In this study, we conducted a laboratory experiment to test for the relative strength of interference competition between native plains topminnow (Fundulus sciadicus) and invasive western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) at three experimental temperatures. Intra‐ and inter‐specific competition was quantified using an isodar approach, which assumes that animals are ideally distributed to maximise their fitness. Thus, their distributions measure the quality and quantity of habitat patches. This was supplemented by behavioural observations of intra‐ and inter‐specific competition.Contrary to our predictions, we did not find evidence that competition was asymmetrical from the invasive mosquitofish to the native plains topminnow. Instead, more individuals occupied their shared preferred habitat (a slow‐moving pool) in sympatry compared to allopatry, and the isodar analysis demonstrated that intra‐specific interference competition was significantly stronger than inter‐specific competition at all temperature levels. Behavioural observations corroborated this analysis of habitat selection that aggression was most frequent among plains topminnow in sympatry.This study shows that the widely perceived aggression of adults might not be the only key mechanism of global invasion success by mosquitofish. Other ecological traits, such as rapid reproduction, environmental tolerance, and interactions with early life stages of native species, might also be responsible for their invasion success. Additional investigations are warranted to determine whether their invasions directly affect native species or they invade degraded ecosystems opportunistically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Simple Denoising Algorithm Using Wavelet Transform

Author

Roy, Manojit, Kumar, V. Ravi, Kulkarni, B. D., Sanderson, John, Rhodes, Martin, and Stappen, Michel vander

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

We have presented a new and alternative algorithm for noise reduction using the methods of discrete wavelet transform and numerical differentiation of the data. In our method the threshold for reducing noise comes out automatically. The algorithm has been applied to three model flow systems - Lorenz, Autocatalator, and Rossler systems - all evolving chaotically. The method is seen to work well for a wide range of noise strengths, even as large as 10% of the signal level. We have also applied the method successfully to noisy time series data obtained from the measurement of pressure fluctuations in a fluidized bed, and also to that obtained by conductivity measurement in a liquid surfactant experiment. In all the illustrations we have been able to observe that there is a clean separation in the frequencies covered by the differentiated signal and white noise., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 Table

Published
2000

18. A simple denoising algorithm using wavelet transform

Author

Roy, Manojit, Kumar, V. Ravi, Kulkarni, B. D., Sanderson, John, Rhodes, Martin, and Stappen, Michel vander

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

Submission withdrawn because the authors erroneously submitted a revised version as a new submission, see nlin.CD/0002028., Comment: Authors erroneously submitted a revised version as a new submission, see nlin.CD/0002028

Published
1999

19. Reducing the environmental impact of seacage fish farming through cultivation of seaweed

Author

Sanderson, John Craig, Kelly, Maeve, and Dring, Matthew

Subjects
639.3755
Abstract

Cultivation of Laminaria saccharina (Linnaeus) Lamouroux and Palmaria palmata (Linnaeus) Kuntze was trialled at three fish farm sites in north-west Scotland. Results show that seasonal yields of L. saccharina were enhanced by 50 % and P. palmata by 63 % when cultured adjacent to fish farm cages compared to environmentally similar sites away from the farms. Yields of P. palmata were further enhanced under conditions of optimal water movement. Ammonium concentrations in the seawater 0 to 50m away from the fish cages were found to be 2 - 3 μM greater than ambient. Enhanced concentrations of ammonium could be detected 200 to 300 m from the cages although the distribution is heavily influenced by local hydrography. Nitrogen content of L. saccharina and P. palmata cultured adjacent to the salmon cages in summer was higher than in seaweeds cultured at reference sites away from fish cages. Stable nitrogen isotope analysis indicates that the nitrogen in seaweeds grown next to salmon cages is derived from the fish farm and farm derived nitrogen is likely to be widely dispersed in the lochs where cages are situated. A preliminary economic analysis showed that growing seaweeds commercially, in particular P. palmata, may be at worst cost neutral, with profitability increasing as a result of enhanced production through increased nutrient availability adjacent to fish farms. A one hectare seaweed farm producing 600 tonnes wet weight over two years (300 tonnes per year) of P. palmata could potentially absorb up to 30 % of nutrients generated from a 500 tonnes salmon production unit. As farm origin nitrogen is evident in biota at distances of up to one kilometre away from the cages, cultured macroalgae would not have to be sited close to cages to result in net nitrogen removal facilitating the siting of algal farms in areas more suited for individual species requirements while still maintaining bioremediation benefits.

Published
2006

34. Best practices for collaborative conservation philanthropy

Author

Sanderson, John, primary, Alper, Richard, additional, Barrack, Jordana, additional, Byrd, Caroline, additional, Glenn, Erik, additional, Jespersen, Kristen, additional, Kimple, Aaron, additional, Knight, Heather, additional, Konrad, Peter, additional, Kowalski, Ted, additional, Nezzie, Dave, additional, Ortez, Kristina, additional, Robles, Chas, additional, Ruth, Toni, additional, Smith, David, additional, Steele, Nancy, additional, Stevens, Tim, additional, Wagner, Gerald, additional, and Archibald, Jessica, additional

Published
2022
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45. Secure Data Facility Professionals Networks - what's in it for your TRE?

Author

Lichtwardt, Beate, Sanderson, John, and Scott, James

Abstract

Secure Data Facilities, sometimes also referred to as Trusted Research Environments (TREs), provide secure access to controlled data - data that are too detailed, sensitive or confidential to be made available otherwise. These data cannot be downloaded by the researcher, they have to be accessed via a TRE. Researchers must be approved and trained, projects specified and time-limited, and research outputs undergo Statistical Disclosure Control (SDC) checks before release (The Five Safes Framework). For the past 10 years, there have been few such facilities in the United Kingdom. With the launch of the UKDS SecureLab in 2011 (formerly ‘Secure Data Service’ (SDS)) the UK Data Archive was leading the way in offering secure remote access to controlled data. Although the fast changing data-landscape now begins to see more services starting to offer remote access, it is still a diverse picture. Nationally, and internationally, access to controlled data ranges from on-site access only, remote execution portals, to remote desktop access, such as UKDS SecureLab. In the UK, a ‘Safe Data Access Professionals’ Network (SDAP) exists to share expertise, best practice, and knowledge between organisations engaged in providing secure access to controlled data. This has proven to be an invaluable resource for all involved. With the growth of international projects in recent years, aiming to facilitate transnational access to controlled microdata for research, an international Secure Data Facility Professionals Network has been formed as part of the ‘Social Sciences and Humanities Open Cloud’ project (SSHOC, WP5.4) to share expertise, knowledge, and ideas. This presentation will introduce the resources and potential of these two existing Secure Data Facility Professionals Networks, one national, one international. What is in it for your TRE? What would you like to be in it for your TRE?

Published
2022
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