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Background: The purpose of this study is to determine how amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic medication, affects Glibenclamide's hypoglycemic activity in normal and diabetic rats when administered in multiple doses over seven days. Methods: The researchers intended to explore how glibenclamide and amiodarone pharmacologically interact in normal and diabetic rats. These tests were performed on the same group of rats after the provided medications Glibenclamide 1.03 mg/kg body weight and Amiodarone 50 mg/kg body weight had been entirely eliminated, i.e. after the drugs had been totally eliminated. The drugs were administered orally. After taking blood samples from the tail vein at predetermined intervals, the glucose levels were estimated using the GOD/POD technique. Results:The findings showed that numerous doses of amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic medication, affected the hypoglycaemic action of Glibenclamide in normal and diabetic rats when provided alone and in combination with Glibenclamide. This might be because amiodarone and Glibenclamide have a pharmacokinetic interaction. Conclusion: Preliminary research suggests that the combination has a pharmacokinetic interaction in diabetic patients with arrhythmia. As a result, blood glucose levels needed to be closely monitored.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate tolerance that results in increased blood sugar levels and was first recognised during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. It is a health problem that has a direct impact on the health of the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Seed Ethanol Extract on reducing Blood Sugar Levels and Inflammation in Wistar Albino Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus induced by Streptozotocin. This study used a laboratory experimental research design with a post-test only control group design on Wistar Albino Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The sample was obtained by the simple random sampling method. The results showed that the lowest spectrophotometer KGD level was in group C given Streptozotocin 45mg/kg BW + Metformin 45mg/kg BW with a p value of 0.003, which means there was a significant difference between groups and the lowest Interleukin-6 level. In group C, they were given Streptozotocin 45mg/kg BW + Metformin 45mg/kg BW with a p value of 0.511, meaning there was no significant difference between groups. Jackfruit seed ethanol extract functions as a lowering of blood sugar levels and an anti-inflammatory.

Exposure to intense and prolonged solar ultraviolet rays can cause erythema, premature aging, and skin cancer. The prevention of ultraviolet rays can be done by using sunscreen. Red Pidada leaves (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) have sunscreen properties. The purpose of this study was to preformulate red Pidada leaves into sunscreen cream preparations with the best activity as a cosmetic product prototype. This research will be started with the preparation of the red Pidada leaf ethanol extract formulated into a cream preparation with the extract concentration of Formula 1 (8%), Formula 2 (15%), and Formula 3 (20%). Evaluation of cream preparations includes organoleptic test, pH test, homogeneity test, dispersion test, adhesion test, viscosity test, and sunscreen effectiveness test. Data analysis used the One Way ANOVA test. The results of the physical quality test of cream showed that Formula 1 (8%) and Formula 2 (15%) met the requirements of the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, and adhesion test but did not meet the pH test, viscosity test, and spread ability test. Formula 3 (20%) fulfils the organoleptic test requirements and adhesion test requirements but does not meet the homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, and spread ability test. The sunscreen effectiveness test in formula 1 has the lowest Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of 1.5 (without protection), formula 2 has an SPF value of 2.9 (minimum protection), and formula 3 has the highest SPF value of 7.4 (protection extra). Analysis of bioactive compounds in red Pidada ethanol extracts using LC-HRMS. There were 6 active compounds. Diisobutylphtalat, luteolin, apigethrin, vitexin, choline and bethain. Formula 3 performs better as a sunscreen than Formulas 1 and 2.

Human health and environmental hazards associated with pesticide handling are common in developing countries, as farmers and agricultural workers frequently lack proper personal protective equipment and may be unable to understand labels with safety instructions. Importation, distribution, use, storage, and disposal of pesticides. Pesticide utilization globally is increasing every year and Myanmar pesticide utilization is also increasing year by year. Its global rank of utilization is 86 and the quantity of pesticide application dosage is 1.4 kg per hectare. Although Myanmar's pesticide application rate per hectare is not as high as in other countries, ignorance of the pre-harvest interval after pesticide application, failure to follow labeling guidelines, calibration, misuse, and improper disposal pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. The goal of this review paper is to examine the uses and application of pesticides in Myanmar to raise awareness about pesticide misuse and to understand the negative effects of pesticides on human health and the environment. Pesticide misuse is a severe problem in agricultural productivity, putting farmers' health and environment at hazard. Pesticide impacts on the environment have a long-term effect on human life, according to numerous studies, it persists in the environment with long-term negative effects. As a result, pesticide management should be strictly regulated for the whole supply chain process of pesticides.

One of the Indonesian traditional food, growol is a fermented cassava product of the home industries. It is believed that growol can cure diseases in the digestive tract. This research aims to analyze the standardization of growol processing and the effects of various processing processes, i.e. steaming, baking, frying, and cooling, on growol potential as traditional food. Four variations of fermentation treatments were used to investigate the standardization of growol processing, namely the fermentation process. Based on the organoleptic test encompassing appearance, texture, taste, and overall preference and the LAB level test, the best growol was that with the fermentation process “not changing the water in three days” (TG3). As such, we figured out the standardization of growol processing comprising preparing the basic ingredients, performing the fermentation “not changing the soaking water in three days”, washing five times (b/v) draining, crushing, steaming, and molding. The glycemic index of baked, steamed, cooled, without-processing, and fried growol was 97, 94, 93, 91, and 89, respectively. With a GI > 70, without processing, steamed, baked, fried, and cooled growol could not be consumed as functional pro-diabetic food. The LAB test indicated that the LAB level of without- processing, baked, fried, steamed, and cooled growl was 1.32 × 107 cfu/g, 6.7 × 103 cfu/g, 1.53 × 103 cfu/g, 1.27 × 103 cfu/g, and 2.7 ×102 cfu/g, respectively. We could then infer that without processing growol and steamed, baked, fried, or cooled growol had potential as a functional prebiotic food.

Dadiah is a traditional fermented buffalo milk from West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is one of the healthiest drinks because it contains lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which has many health benefits. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are a group of bacteria that play a role in the fermentation process of food. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) content in dadiah will affect the quality of dadiah in general.West Sumatra has several dadiah producing areas, one of which is the Sianok area located in the city of Bukittinggi. This research aims to find out the potential of Sianokdadiah as a probiotic food. The method used in this research is a survey method with descriptive analysis. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) contained in dadiah was isolated using de Man RogosaSharge (MRS) media. The isolates were then identified based on their morphology and biochemical properties. The tests carried out include gramme stain, catalase test, fermentative type, retention of gastric juice and bile salts. Furthermore, testing using 16S rRNA molecular identification techniques was conducted to determine the species level. The results of the study obtained a total colony of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from dadiah 89x109 CFU/g. The identification of the single colony found that the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) obtained was included as Gram-positive, with the type of homofermentative fermentation, catalase negative. It has resistance to stomach acid at pH 3 with a viability of 83.7%, bile salt resistance of 0.3%, and viability of 67.3%. Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) using the 16S sRNA gene, the results of running PCR with a base length of 1428bp. Analysis based on phylogenetic trees showed that Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB)dadiah from the city of SianokBukittinggi has a relationship with Pediococcusacidilactici. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that dadiah from the city of Sianok Bukittinggi has a good enough potential as a probiotic.

Due to a variety of comorbidities, Patients with type 2 diabetes usually require a multifaceted approach to therapy. A large number of medications taken at the same time increase the risk of undesirable drug effects or drug interactions in the patient. It's vital to think about cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzyme interactions while using a multifactorial pharmacotherapy approach. The cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 metabolize bosentan in the liver similarly, teneligliptin is metabolized by flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. This study was conducted to investigate a possible pharmacokinetic interaction between bosentan and teneligliptin. Interaction of teneligliptin, the known dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors or gliptins anti diabetic drugs with bosentan, a pulmonary antihypertensive agent, in healthy and alloxan-induced diabetic rats, was tested. Blood samples were taken from rats at various intervals up to 24 hours and blood glucose levels were calculated. The parameters considered for the analysis of the effect on teneligliptin induced hypoglycemia were the onset of hypoglycemia (duration required to reduce blood glucose level by 15% - 20%), duration of hypoglycemia (duration of time in which more than 15 % -20 % decrease in blood glucose level is managed to maintained), and peak hypoglycemia. In both healthy albino rats and diabetic rats, a single dose of bosentan did not affect blood glucose levels. These results suggest that bosentan has no hypoglycemic effect, implying that the drug-drug interaction with teneligliptin is of the pharmacokinetic kind.

Background: Based on the KPAI survey, 66.4% of fathers and 71% of mothers adopted parental care, and 47.1% of fathers and 40.6% of mothers communicated with their children for only one hour. This study aimed to determine the relationship between readiness to become a parent, social support, and marital support with parenting self-efficacy for mothers in RW 06 Cibadung Village, Gunung Sindur District. Methods: This quantitative method uses an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The purposive sampling technique was used in this study, with a total of 145 samples; data were analysed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. Results: The study showed that the statistical test of readiness to become parents with parenting self-efficacy had a p-value = 0.015. The statistical test of social support with parenting self-efficacy got a p-value = 0.043, and the statistical test results of spousal support with parenting self-efficacy got a p-value = 0.911. Conclusion: The study showed that there is a relationship between parenting readiness and parenting self-efficacy, no relationship between social support and parenting self-efficacy, and no relationship between marital support and parenting self-efficacy. This study suggests increasing readiness to become parents by changing the perception of parenting so as not to depend on social and marital support.

Gigartina sp. was one of the red algae used as natural drugs due to its bioactive compounds i.e. acrylic acid, alkaloid compound, and phenol acting as antimicrobials. One of the methods to conduct antimicrobial isolation was extraction by maceration using solvent. Antimicrobial compound could provide various effects i.e. bacteriostatic, bacteriolytic, and bactericidal. Antimicrobial activities were measured by applying Minimum Barrier Concentration method. The research aimed to investigate antibacterial activities of Gigartina sp. algae extract, to find the optimum Gigartina sp. algae extracts to impede the growth of the tested microbes, to make a comparison between the antibacterial activities of Gigartina sp. algae extracts and that of antibiotic types, and to investigate the effects of the antibacterial characteristics of Gigartina sp on the growth of the tested microbes. Antibacterial activities were tested using agar dilution and liquid dilution with 0, 10, 15, 20, and 25mg/ml content. Antibacterial characteristics were found by measuring the total number of cells and the number of living cells in Gigartina sp. extract culture. Gigartina sp. algae extract with ethanol extracts gave a stronger effect to antimicrobial activities of S. aureus and E. coli than that with hexane and aqueous extracts. Areas of barrier zone on E. coli and S. aureus were 0.194cm2 and 0.378cm2 respectively. Gigartina sp. algae extract with ethanol extract on E. coli indicated activities similar to that of streptomycin and showed a significantly similar result between penicillin and streptomycin, so did Gigartina sp. alage extract on S. Aureus. The type of antimicrobial compound restriction of Gigartina sp. algae was bacteriolytic.

The Red Pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) is one of the plants used in traditional ways, especially by Borneo's people, where the red Pidada leaves are used as a cool powder composition and applied to the face while doing activities under exposure to sunlight over a long time. Red Pidada extract has a very strong antioxidant activity of 21.62 ppm because it has secondary metabolite, which is a medicinal ingredients and have a strong molecular structure, and have various biological activities. Pidada redplant (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) is a mangrove that has antioxidant potential. Free radicals can cause cancer, heart disease, premature aging, and other degenerative diseases. The research objective was to determine the antioxidant activity of the Pidada red leaf extract and fraction.The research was conducted qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitative test was carried out by the colour change test and the quantitative test using the ABTS method (2,2-azinobis-3-ethyl benzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) with a UV-Visspectrophotometer. Pidada redleaves were extracted and fractionated, namely ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol fraction, and made inti various concentrations compared to vitamin C.The IC50 value determined the antioxidant activity. The results showed that the ethanol extract had an IC50 value of 1.32 ppm (very strong), n-hexanefraction of 19.89 ppm (very strong), ethylacetate fraction of 0.50 ppm (very strong), and ethanolfraction of 1.63 ppm (very strong).

This chapter is a narrative review that intends to depict the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome, the existing coping styles among different populations studied, and an insight about various classifications of coping strategies for premenstrual distress. The functional impairment due to severity of the syndrome has also been presented. A brief account of some studies has been provided. This article also gives an overview about different coping strategies used by the women for adaptation with premenstrual syndrome for their personal and social well-being.

Background: Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has become an epidemic that creates a psychological burden for nurses who provide nursing care in health services. The psychological condition of nurses who are not good will affect anxiety, coping strategies, and performance when carrying out nursing care. Purpose: This study aims to describe the psychological impact on coping strategies and the performance of nurses in health services. Methods: The research design used observational analytic with a cross sectional approach. The population used were nurses who worked in the COVID-19 isolation room at the Naval Central Hospital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya with 54 nurses. The sampling technique is used with total sampling, that is, the entire population is used as a sample in the study. Results: The results of the Spearman Rho correlation test have a relationship between the psychological impact of anxiety and the nurse's strategy in dealing with COVID-19 patients (ρ-value = 0.001); there is no relationship between the psychological impact of anxiety and the performance of nurses in dealing with covid 19 patients (ρ-value = 0.08); there is no relationship between the psychological impact of depression and the performance of nurses in dealing with covid 19 patients (ρ-value = 0.064). and there is a relationship between the psychological impact of stress and the performance of nurses in dealing with covid 19 patients (ρ-value = 0.0124); and there is a relationship between the psychological impact of stress and the performance of nurses in dealing with covid 19 patients (p-value = 0.0124). Conclusion: Psychological impacts do not always affect the performance of nurses, this can happen because nurses have good coping skills, plus nurses have attended seminars and training so that nurses' knowledge and skills have increased. Nurses have also been vaccinated, so nurses' anxiety and fear in treating COVID patients has decreased.

Geopolymer is being evaluated as a possible alternative to traditional concrete in the building sector. With the inclusion of Polypropylene Fibres, Geopolymer binding material is created in this study. Various durability tests as well as the influence of Polypropylene Fibre on concrete were conducted. The cubes' resilience was observed and investigated after being immersed in several hostile solutions. The resulting concrete has a high compressive strength as well as a long lifespan. For all mix proportions, the quality of Geo-polymer Concrete is excellent, especially for polypropylene fibre additions up to 0.6 percent. The drying shrinkage of Geopolymer concrete can be minimized by adding Polypropylene Fibre to the cement. Polypropylene fibre improves the performance of Geopolymer Concrete by resisting the chloride penetration and so increasing its longevity. The results also showed that inserting Polypropylene fibre into FRGP concrete improves resistance to high temperature exposure. The sulphate attack results show that loss in Compressive Strength decreases with increasing Polypropylene Fibre addition up to a limit of 0.6 percent.

The study on the effects of dividend payout on company performance selected Infosys, Bajaj Auto, Reliance Industry, HDFC, and Bajaj Finance companies with fifteen years of financial data from 2006 to 2020, using the three types of regression models like fixed effect, random effect, and general least square model similarly. The study followed three main objectives, each requiring the consideration of three hypotheses. In connection with the first objective, the study concluded that there is a significant and positive association between dividends and earnings per share. Secondly, the study explains that with the connection of statistical data analysis in considering the sample data, there is a significant and positive association between dividend and return on equity. The third objective of the study also focused on the fact that there is a significant and positive association between return on equity and dividend. All the empirical studies also support the past study, which is related to dividend payout and corporate performance, and consider the literature review of the study. The study concluded that based on the considered data and period of the study and statistical output, the dividend payout plays a crucial role as a performance taker of any firm.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on health aspects, especially contraceptive services. This condition has resulted in a surge in baby births due to the increasing drop out rate in the use of contraceptives, limited public access to health facilities, the assumption that couples of childbearing age delay visiting health facilities to get family planning services due to fear of infection. Regarding the existing problems, it is very necessary to have an educational approach regarding contraception and cadres who are the closest people to the community. This study used a quasi-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The sample of this study used cluster sampling, there were 125 respondents. Analysis of the data using a different test t test. Calculation of data using SPSS. The results showed that the characteristics of cadres were in the age group, the majority of cadres were in the age group of 35-50 years (64.3%). Based on the length of time being a cadre, most are in the range of 1-3 years and more than 3 years have the same percentage (49.2%). There is a significant effect between the training of cadres on contraceptive methods in increasing the knowledge of health cadres.

Tourism has been one of the thrust areas of the Government of India from time to time. The Governments at every level have made every effort to promote India as a tourist destination. This has been recognized as a part of the services sector. Every country in the world has attached great importance to tourism. International visitors have been thronging India due to the various facilities available for tourists. Events like tourist fairs and facilities like visa-on-arrival are certain measures in this direction. At the same time, many countries have recognized Indian nationals as potential tourists and have rolled out several attractive schemes specifically for Indian nationals. This study was performed to study the nature of tourism in India in terms of its performance based on both domestic and foreign tourist arrivals, and the larger revenue-generating potential this industry possesses. From the present study, it is evident that over the previous two decades, India's tourism industry has performed admirably.

Background : Young women are more prone to anemia because young women on entering puberty experience rapid growth so that the need for iron also increases with the increase in growth. Teenagers often consume fast food, especially at school. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between diet pattern and the incidence of anemia in teenage girls at SMA GIKI Surabaya. Methods: This study uses cross sectional approach among teenage girls in class X and XI SMA GIKI 1 Surabaya with a total of 127 students, with simple random sampling and obtained a sample of 98 students. The questionnaires used include dietary habits (amount, type and frequency) and total hemoglobin levels, the data obtained were tested using the Spearman Rho statistical test. Results: Based on the results of the study, from 98 respondents, 87 (88.8%) respondents had poor eating pattern, and 11 (11.2%) in the good eating pattern category. While the incidence of anemia obtained data on respondents who are not anemic as many as 57 (58.2%), respondents who experience anemia are 41 (41.8%). Based on the results Spearman's Rho statistical test, was found that = 0.003, = 0.05, indicating that diet has a relationship with the incidence of anemia in teenage girls at SMA GIKI 1 Surabaya. Conclusion: Inappropriate eating patterns can cause anemia which can have a negative impact on adolescents. For this reason, adolescents should prevent anemia by limiting their intake of fast food. Applying a healthy diet such as consuming fruits and vegetables, and increasing knowledge can prevent anemia.

Introduction: Malnutrition in infants is not only caused by food shortages. There are some other factors that cause inadequacy in the provision of complementary feeding. According to previous research findings, malnutrition in infants and children is caused by the practise of providing complementary foods and mothers' ignorance about the benefits and proper way of breastfeeding, which influences the maternal attitude toward breastfeeding provision. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of counseling with a demonstration of the practice of complementary feeding on the nutritional condition of infants aged 6–12 months. Methods: This research is quasi-experimental research designed with a control group pretest and posttest. The study was conducted at the Health Center Pakan Rabaa Solok Selatan. This study was conducted from July-September 2020. Results: Before nutritional counselling practice, both groups' scores differed by 0.21 points, whereas after counselling practice, the difference between the control and intervention groups' scores is 0.52 points. Between the intervention and control groups, there was no significant difference in birth weight. Conclusion: The study found that there are significant differences between the nutritional counseling and demonstration with conventional nutritional counseling. So health centre should conduct nutrition education and demonstrations to improve the knowledge of breastfeeding regularly for the public as well as mothers whose education levels are low.

The process of decreasing physical, psychological, and social conditions that interact with each other and cause dependence on others is called the aging process. The aging process can cause problems both physically, biologically, mentally, and socioeconomically. Decreased physical ability can cause disruption in the fulfillment of daily activities that require the support of others or family. Family support is a form of interpersonal relationship that requires very strong family ties to help the elderly face problems as proof that the family is the closest person to the elderly. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the relationship between family support and the independence of the elderly in fulfilling their daily activities. This study has been reviewed from 16 articles, consisting of 8 national journals and 8 international journals, to determine the relationship between family support and the independence of the elderly in daily activities. The journal examined showed the results of a very significant relationship between family support and the independence of the elderly in meeting the needs of daily activities.

The intercalation of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) herbicide into the interlayer matrix of calcium–aluminium layered double hydroxide (CaAl LDH) host has been successfully done via the co-precipitation method to form CaAl-MCPA nanocomposite, proposing an eco-friendly alternative with an adjusted delivery system for herbicide application. The intercalation process is supported by powder X-ray diffraction analysis with an expanded interlayer spacing from 8.6 to 19.6 Å for nanocomposite pH 13, which is due to the inclusion of larger size anion in the interlayer. Next, the absence of a nitrate peak at 1,326 cm−1 and the presence of a newly formed peak at 1,416 cm−1 in the Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy analysis also confirmed the process of the intercalation. The significant decrease in nitrogen content to 0.50% indicates the intercalation of MCPA using the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur analyser. The release rate of the MCPA anion in the aqueous solutions is initially rapid, followed by the slow release in the order of phosphate > carbonate > chloride and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Hence, the conducted studies exhibit the successful intercalation of the MCPA herbicide anion and its controlled release mechanism as a potential hybrid green herbicide.

Sediment samples collected from the river Shitalakhya, Bangladesh, were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) to investigate site-to-site (spatial) and seasonal (i.e., dry, premonsoon, post-monsoon) variation of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Zn. The mean concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Zn were 22.37 ± 6.09, 612.59 ± 160.08, 54.11 ± 11.21, 50.36 ± 9.40 and 103.62 ± 62.74 mg/kg in the dry, 31.58 ± 5.22, 569.71 ± 112.16, 58.35 ± 7.82, 49.93 ± 17.36 and 110.88 ± 95.83 mg/kg in the pre-monsoon and 18.09± 6.32, 567.02 ± 115.55, 50.89 ± 6.58, 39.75 ± 4.56 and 55.22 ± 11.33 mg/kg in the post-monsoon, respectively. Based on the metals’ concentrations, no considerable difference was observed among the three seasons, but the concentrations were slightly elevated in the dry and pre-monsoon compared to that in the post-monsoon with respect to site-to-site variation. Among the metals examined, concentrations of Ni and Cu were elevated because of the use of oxides of these heavy metals as catalysts in the ammonia plant. The following statistical indices i.e., Pearson correlation matrix, geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd), pollution load index (PLI) and ecological risk potential (RI) factors were taken into account to assess the heavy metals contamination of the sediments. According to the values of the statistical indices for Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Zn, it is concluded that the study area was with low contamination while concentrations of Ni and Cu were higher than the Threshold Effect Level (TEL) and Toxicity Reference Value (TRV) values suggesting unsafe to use the sediments for vegetation and other uses.

Diabetes cases continue to increase and burden the nursing system worldwide. Diabetes Self-Management application software (DSM apps) can enable patients to manage their disease independently while simultaneously reducing the burden of the system. These apps are already available, yet global patients’ interests in using them are still low. This research aimed to describe the global tendencies of diabetes app usage as an effort to manage diabetes cases by exploring the perceptions of diabetes patients on the use of DSM apps. This study summarized journal searches from the Elsevier, Wiley, BMC, and JMIR database with the search terms “web-based and mobile technology,” “digital health intervention,” “diabetes management mobile application,” “mobile health for diabetes self-management,” “tablet-based self-management,” and “diabetes self-management qualitative.” A total of nine journals published between January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. The study concluded diabetic patients in Asia, Africa, Europe, Australia, and America stated that the DSM apps used was helpful in managing diabetes. Other demographic factors such as age, level of education, and economic status have influenced the perception and tendency to use DSM apps.

As a result of their children's cancer, parents are at risk of experiencing psychological distress. Parental stress will affect their roles in providing emotional support for their children. This systematic review aimed to identify the psychological distress of parents having children with cancer. EBSCO, PubMed, Science Direct, and Research Gate were applied to conduct electronic searches. The terms "parents," "children," "cancer," and "psychological distress" were combined using the Boolean expressions "OR" and "AND." The inclusion criteria were non-experimental studies published in English within the last 10 years (2010-2020). Risk of bias assessment was conducted for each included study using the Joanna Bridge Institute critical appraisal tools to build transparency of findings. A total of 12 articles were included in the study to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among parents and the symptoms and factors that influence it. The high category of parental distress reached 17.6%, while the very high category reached 5.8%. Thus, it needed more concern. Suicidal ideation, insomnia, and poor health were all connected to psychological distress, with the age of children and parents, the number of children, occupation, education level, depressive history, and time of diagnosis all being predictive factors.

Various images from massive image databases extract inherent, implanted information or different examples explicitly found in the images. These images may help the community in initial self-screening breast cancer, and primary health care can introduce this method to the community. This study aimed to review the different methods of abnormal mass detection in digital mammograms. One of best methods for the detection of breast malignancy and discovery at a nascent stage is digital mammography. Some of the mammograms with excellent images have a high intensity of resolution that enables preparing images with high computations. The fact that medical images are so common on computers is one of the main things that helps radiologists make diagnoses. Image preprocessing highlights the portion after extraction and arrangement in computerized mammograms. Moreover, the future scope of examination for paving could be the way for a top invention in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for mammograms in the coming years. This also distinguished CAD that helped identify strategies for mass widely covered in the study work. However, the identification methods for structural deviation in mammograms are complicated in real-life scenarios. These methods will benefit the public health program if they can be introduced to primary health care's public health screening system. The decision should be made as to which type of technology fits the level of the primary health care system.

The paper endeavours to analyse the cyclical fluctuation, seasonal movement and trends of Indian GDP growth rate by applying both Hodrick-Prescott filter and Hamilton filter models taking St.Louisfred quarterly data from 2011Q4 to 2019Q4.The paper concludes that the seasonal adjustment and actual GDP growth rate of India have been merged with each other and they are identical in both the models. But the cyclical trend in H.P.Filter showed one upward humped but Hamilton filter showed cyclical fluctuations with two peaks and troughs and the seasonal variations are v shaped and highly volatile. Hamilton seasonal variations have been verified by applying residual test of correlogram which explained that autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions moved around both the sides significantly. Hamilton regression filter model is extended to forecasting ARIMA (1,0,0) model for 2030 which confirmed stationarity and stability. Even, the final trend cycle of GDP growth rate of India converges towards stationary process for 2025. Countercyclical fiscal and monetary policy including financial management strategies have been incorporated.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a severe illness affecting middle-aged and geriatric male patients. This disease normally occurs at the age of 40 or above and is also associated with sexual dysfunction. Alpha-blockers and 5α-reductase inhibitors are the preferred drugs practiced to treat BPH. However, invasive surgical therapy remains the gold standard for managing the condition in the case of refractory and intricate BPH conditions. Due to the fear of sexual dysfunction and the detrimental influence on their quality of life, most patients seek to avoid synthetic drugs and surgery. For this reason, several patients turn to phytotherapy and other alternative therapies. The authors looked at the existing perceptions of epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology associated with BPH in this review article. In addition, this article contained basic information on the pathological roles of inflammation in BPH and various diagnoses and treatment options. It was well reported that the administration of medicinal herbs played a vital role in managing BPH. In recent years, many researchers worldwide have reported the efficiency and safety of phytochemicals in managing numerous pathological disorders in-vivo and in-vitro conditions and the prevention of illness.

Objective The purpose of this study was to identify the nurse's overall experience with a mentoring programme and the study specifically seeks to determine the attitudes and perceived benefits of students in different semesters regarding the mentoring programme. Method The research design was quantitative. Face-to-face survey method based on a given questionnaire was conducted with all the targeted respondents. The methodology used was a non-experimental descriptive research design. Total of 146 respondents out of 243 populations were selected using a stratified random sampling strategy to determine the research sample to give equal opportunity. Results Findings of hypotheses test using one-way ANOVA indicated that there is a significant difference in attitudes towards the mentoring programme and perceived benefits between different groups of nursing at Training Institute Ministry of Health (Nursing) Sandakan. Conclusion In general, the mentoring programme had a positive impact. However, the level of attitude and perceived benefit is different among students in different semesters. The overall mean result is good and reflecting nursing students are fairly benefited from the mentoring programme.