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A transição escolar é um momento muito importante no desenvolvimento biopsicossocial de toda criança, pois ao sair da pré-escola se depara com uma nova maneira de aprendizagem, de socialização e desenvolvimento, o qual colabora integralmente no processo educacional de toda criança, quando esta transição é realizada de forma positiva e saudável, consequentemente haverá de ter resultados satisfatórios diante da transição, quando ocorre de forma negativa, inevitavelmente haverá problemas que certamente afetarão sua aprendizagem e seu desenvolvimento. Por conta da Pandemia da covid-19, o ensino se tornou remoto e híbrido, o ensino educacional teve que ressignificar sua metodologia de ensino, trazendo consigo diversas mudanças. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo observar como os professores das escolas públicas de Agudos/SP estão lidando com a transição em tempos de pandemia da covid-19. A metodologia utilizada foi através do método estatístico, com abordagem indutiva que obteve resultados através de dados coletados, feitos por um questionário online. O resultado alcançado deixou evidente que possivelmente todas as escolas municipais do ensino fundamental de Agudos estão trabalhando de acordo com a BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular) e juntamente com a OMS (Organização Mundial da Saúde), a fim de favorecer esta transição de forma correta no processo de transição da pré-escola para o 1º do Ensino fundamental na cidade de Agudos, em tempos de pandemia da covid-19.

Kuwait is a country with great potential for concentrated solar power (CSP) due to its high solar resource. The current work analyzes the potential of the application of CSP technology in the country and its particularities. Specifically, the current work examines a CSP plant with parabolic trough collector (PTC) technology and how this technology is affected in its performance depending on the location (inland or coastal) and the refrigeration system (wet, dry, or seawater cooled). The modeling methodology is based on a two-step approach: first, the Rankine steam power cycle is modeled in detail in a state-of-the-art steady-state simulation environment, obtaining the performance of the power cycle for each cooling technology; second, the power cycle performance maps are integrated into a detailed transient system-level simulation model of the complete CSP plant in order to perform annual yield simulations for the different representative locations of the climate of Kuwait. These results provide valuable information on both the potential of this technology for its more immediate application such as electricity generation and other future applications such as the desalination of seawater where the location must necessarily be coastal.

The paper discusses the interest of the multi-objective optimization approaches for the design of complex energy systems and the basics of the original evolutionary algorithm used. The specific problems linked to the design of the concentrators of solar tower power plants are then introduced to illustrate the objective of the work presented. The first analysis deals with the optimization of the x-y positioning of each of the 500 rectangular reflectors of an existing predesigned field. In spite of the large number of variables (1000) the algorithm successfully calculated an optimum positioning of each concentrators and the main induced variations are shown. The second part of the paper describes a new program, which was made and coupled with the same algorithm to optimize the whole design in a two-objective approach (specific energy cost versus investment cost). The main hypothesis made, to keep the number of variables within a reasonable domain, was to distribute identical reflectors along a set of concentric ellipses around the tower. The interest of the method is illustrated for one given period with the Pareto curve showing all the optimum solutions (lowest specific energy cost at any given investment). The investment cost includes the cost of the heliostats themselves, the cost of land, the cost of the tower, etc. Variables include the x-y positioning, the height of the support and the dimensions of each rectangular reflectors as well as the height of the tower and the number of reflectors. These decision variables being given for each solution, the extracted energy is calculated by a program of CIEMAT [Sanchez, Romero, 2003]. Details of the design parameters are illustrated for selected optima along the Pareto curve References M. Sanchez, M. Romero Optimisation of heliostat field layout in central receiver systems based on yearly normalized energy surfaces. ISES, 2003, Goteborg

This paper presents the results from the workshop organized by the NEXTOWER project aimed at creating a cluster and exchange forum for projects and research activities in the area of Concentrated Solar Power. Synergies and experiences were shared, common difficulties, specially when dealing with innovative materials were found and discussed and new collaboration opportunities where presented.

The MOSAIC project aims to develop a commercial CSP plant concept over 1GW nominal capacity. High nominal capacity is reached in a modular way, where each MOSAIC module delivers thermal energy to connected thermal energy storage systems that supply their energy to a high capacity power block (>1GW). This modular configuration significantly reduces the specific cost of the power block (€/MW installed). Each MOSAIC module consists of an innovative fixed spherical mirror concentrator arranged in the form of a semi-Fresnel and a moving receiver driven by a low-cost cable tracking system. This configuration reduces the amount of moving parts of the entire system, lowering the cost of the solar field and keeping high concentration ratios. This will ensure high working temperatures and therefore high cycle efficiencies and cost-effective use of thermal storage systems. Energy from the sun is collected, concentrated and transferred to the heat transfer fluid at module level, where, due to the modular concept, the distances from the solar concentrator to the receiver are much shorter than in typical solar tower technologies. As a result, energy collection efficiency is maximized, atmospheric attenuation is minimized, and precision requirements can be lowered. All these technical benefits can contribute to a lower capital cost of the whole system, while ensuring efficiency and reliability. This therefore has a strong impact on the final cost of electricity production.