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A palynological study by LM and SEM was made of 26 taxa of Potentilla L. subg. Potentilla. It is more precise on material from 110 populations, mainly from the western Mediterranean. On the basis of morphometry, the subg. Potentilla can be said to have a stenopalynous nature, due to the absence of significant differences between the taxa studied and to the high degree of overlapping shown by their range of variation. With respect to ornamentation, which is striate, only P. rupestris pollen can be separately identified by a much more marked striation than the other species studied. An attempt was made to observe the taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships between the species of the natural groups of Potentilla on the basis of their pollen characters.