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This study describes a collaborative modeling process deployed at the Cantareira Water Supply System (CWSS) in São Paulo City Metropolitan Area, Brazil. The CWSS faces challenges for meeting the increasing water demand, while land-use and climate change and their combined effect on its water cycle and balance have created a complex water resources management problem. Through a stakeholder engagement process—involving scientists and policymakers, the water utility company, and state administration—environmental simulation models were developed to elicit and represent multiple environmental, economic, and policy perspectives, developing a mutual language to communicate and establish common goals of water resources management. Study outputs include estimation of biophysical and economic benefits associated with prioritized native vegetation restoration activities in the source watersheds. These outputs are deployed in support of landscape planning and the decision process integrating multiple stakeholder perspectives in São Paulo state administration, the water utility company, and municipalities.

In order to understand the hydrological impacts of the nature-based solutions in the Cantareira Water Supply System, this study evaluates six different land cover and land use change scenarios. The first and second consider the restoration of native vegetation in riparian areas, the third prioritizes restoration sites using biophysical characteristics (optimized restoration scenario derived from Resource Investment Optimization System—RIOS), the fourth considers best management practices and the fifth and sixth are hypothetical extreme scenarios converting all pasture to forest and vice versa. Two hydrological models were developed to represent the distributions of water and yields in the study watershed: HEC-HMS and SWAT. Simulation results indicate that when nature-based solutions are implemented, surface runoff is reduced and ambient storage increases during the rainy season (December–March); while the overall flow increases during the dry season (June–September). The combination of specific hydrologic components of RIOS-customized intervention scenario simulation outputs—namely surface flows and groundwater contribution to stream flows—indicate on average 33% increase in the overall water yield, or 206 hm3/year, across the study watershed when comparing against the baseline conditions. In the same modeling scenario, the water storage in the sub-watersheds adjacent to the reservoirs showed an increase of 58% (or 341 hm3/year). The results indicate that adopting NbS in the source watershed can mitigate the impacts of extreme drought conditions and contribute toward building long-term water security.

Despite its rich water resources, Brazil is increasingly facing extreme hydrologic events such as droughts and floods. The Sao Paulo Cantareira water supply system (CWSS) offers an opportunity to examine the potential economic benefits of nature-based solutions (NbS) to improve water security and reduce the economic cost of drought. This study explores the potential benefits under a counterfactual NbS land-use scenario compared to actual land use and assesses the economic viability of NbS investments in the CWSS. Specifically, we estimate the economic cost of the 2014–2015 drought in Sao Paulo state for the industrial and water sectors served by the CWSS. We estimate the potential avoided costs under the NbS scenario and conduct a cost–benefit analysis of the NbS scenario investments, including both water supply and carbon sequestration benefits. We estimate that the economic losses of this single drought event totaled BRL 1.6 billion. If NbS had been implemented, this cost could have been reduced by 28%. A cost–benefit analysis that includes only the water supply or both the water supply and carbon sequestration benefits indicates that the NbS scenario has a positive net present value of BRL 144 million and BRL 632 million, respectively. Thus, our results highlight the economic viability of the hypothetical NbS investment in mitigating extreme climatic events.

Menstrual toxic shock syndrome (mTSS) is a severe disease that occurs in healthy women vaginally colonized by Staphylococcus aureus producing toxic shock toxin 1 and who use tampons. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of the composition of vaginal microbial communities on tampon colonisation by S. aureus during menses. We analysed the microbiota in menstrual fluids extracted from tampons from 108 healthy women and 7 mTSS cases. Using culture, S. aureus was detected in menstrual fluids of 40% of healthy volunteers and 100% of mTSS patients. Between class analysis of culturomic and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding data indicated that the composition of the tampons' microbiota differs according to the presence or absence of S. aureus and identify discriminating genera. However, the bacterial communities of tampon fluid positive for S. aureus did not cluster together. No difference in tampon microbiome richness, diversity, and ecological distance was observed between tampon vaginal fluids with or without S. aureus, and between healthy donors carrying S. aureus and mTSS patients. Our results show that the vagina is a major niche of. S. aureus in tampon users and the composition of the tampon microbiota control its virulence though more complex interactions than simple inhibition by lactic acid-producing bacterial species.

La soutenance de ma thèse.Placée ici en backup.Je ne détiens pas les droits pour certaines images de la présentation. Shame on me.

Menstrual toxic shock syndrome (mTSS) is a severe disease that occurs in healthy women vaginally colonized by Staphylococcus aureus producing toxic shock toxin 1 and who use tampons. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of the composition of vaginal microbial communities on tampon colonisation by S. aureus during menses. We analysed the microbiota in menstrual fluids extracted from tampons from 108 healthy women and 7 mTSS cases. Using culture, S. aureus was detected in menstrual fluids of 40% of healthy volunteers and 100% of mTSS patients. Between class analysis of culturomic and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding data indicated that the composition of the tampons’ microbiota differs according to the presence or absence of S. aureus and identify discriminating genera. However, the bacterial communities of tampon fluid positive for S. aureus did not cluster together. No difference in tampon microbiome richness, diversity, and ecological distance was observed between tampon vaginal fluids with or without S. aureus, and between healthy donors carrying S. aureus and mTSS patients. Our results show that the vagina is a major niche of. S. aureus in tampon users and the composition of the tampon microbiota control its virulence though more complex interactions than simple inhibition by lactic acid-producing bacterial species.

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-05T21:35:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Samuel Barreto dos Santos.pdf: 472007 bytes, checksum: 702a57b1ec566884fc8e54667ec8c589 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-05T21:35:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Samuel Barreto dos Santos.pdf: 472007 bytes, checksum: 702a57b1ec566884fc8e54667ec8c589 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-06 This study aims to analyze the meanings of curriculum articulated in speeches in defense of dance as a curricular component of Basic Education. This is a documentary analysis of the annals of the National Scientific Meeting of researchers in Dance (ANDA) and the meeting of Research Groups in Dance (ENGRUPEdança) to verificate under what conceptions of curriculum if raise such defenses. The research brings, in its first part, a ransom of curricular theorizations, without dwelling in theorizations of history. Uses as examining the concept of curriculum as enunciation, to discuss how the body produces curriculum through the performativity of movement. Raises the questioning about the dangers of disciplinarization of dance as a artistic language that could lose many of their properties and compromising your potential of decolonization of bodies. In the third and last chapter, is made a description of the arguments raised in the annals of ENGRUPEdança and ANDA, in defense for the implementation of dance as a discipline in the curriculum of basic education. This chapter discusses too the knowledge constructed in raising these discourses, reflecting about these discussions from other theoretical frameworks that enable other reflections. Finally, it analyzes the defense of dance as a knowledge inserted in the arguments of disciplinarização dance, alerting to the possibilities of adjustment and standardization of the content of dance, if recognized as a knowledge disciplinary and schooling. Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar os sentidos de currículo articulados nos discursos em defesa da dança como componente curricular da Educação Básica. Para tal, realiza-se uma análise documental dos anais do Encontro Científico Nacional de Pesquisadores em Dança (ANDA) e do Encontro de Grupos de Pesquisa em Dança (ENGRUPEdança) para verificar sob quais concepções de currículo se erguem tais defesas. A pesquisa traz, na sua primeira parte, um breve resgate das teorizações curriculares, com ênfase nos aportes pós-estruturalistas. Analisa-se o conceito de currículo como enunciação, para discutir como o corpo produz currículo através da performatividade do movimento. Levanta-se a problematização sobre os perigos de se disciplinarizar a dança, podendo essa linguagem artística perder muitas de suas propriedades e comprometer o seu potencial de descolonização dos corpos. No terceiro e ultimo capítulo, é realizada, de início, uma descrição dos argumentos levantados nos anais do ENGRUPEdança e do ANDA, na defesa pela implementação da dança como disciplina do currículo da educação básica. Ainda nesse capítulo, problematiza-se os conhecimentos construídos no erguer desses discursos, refletindo nessas discussões a partir de outros aportes teóricos que possibilitam outras reflexões. Por fim, problematiza-se a defesa da dança como conhecimento inserida nas argumentações para a disciplinarização da dança, alertando-se para as possibilidades de regulação e normatização dos conteúdos da dança, se reconhecida como um conhecimento disciplinarizado e escolarizado.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver as propostascaracterísticas da concepção das classes de aceleração da aprendizagem noMunicípio de Niterói, com breves relatos sobre sua idealização em nívelnacional, em 1996, e sua expansão para alguns estados. Após um debate sobrecomo essa proposta tem acontecido na rede municipal de Niterói, desenvolvoalguns relatos de experiência da minha prática como docente desse grupo,trazendo uma breve reflexão sobre como o grupo característico demonstrafortes resistências aos processos de escolarização reguladores que contribuemdemasiadamente com os processos de colonização do corpo

This paper describes an empirical case study of enhanced water management in the Sao Joao River basin on the southeast coast of Brazil between 1999 and 2008. The autonomous adaptation measures applied are assessed to derive lessons for more effective climate change adaptation. In response to severe eutrophication of their coastal lakes, effective, local multi-stakeholder institutions were established under the auspices of the Consorcio Intermunicipal Lagos Sao Joao from 1999 to improve basin management. Having significantly reduced the pollution problem, other environmental challenges are now being addressed. In managing environmental problems with multiple causes and effects, engaging multiple stakeholders and communicating the need to change environmental management, these local institutions have established the types of capacities needed for climate change adaptation. Factors contributing to the strengthening of this adaptive capacity include: engagement of local non-governmental organizations, compani...

La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que ataca al sistema nervioso central (SNC), produce lesiones desmielinizantes y causa secuelas funcionales en adultos jóvenes, especialmente mujeres. Su diagnóstico y seguimiento se realizan a través de la resonancia magnética. En la actualidad, el análisis de texturas se ha convertido en una herramienta útil para la detección de este tipo lesiones. Por tal razón, en este artículo se busca identificar lesiones de EM utilizando los métodos de matrices de co-ocurrencia de nivel de gris y transformada wavelet (TW), y como métodos de clasificación redes neuronales (ANN) y máquinas de soporte vectorial (SVM) en imágenes de resonancia magnética (RMI) en secuencia FLAIR de 5 pacientes con diagnóstico de la enfermedad. La combinación apropiada de medidas de matrices de co-ocurrencia y wavelets permitieron obtener precisiones superiores a 96% para las máquinas de soporte vectorial y 90% para las redes neuronales, lo que demuestra que el uso combinado de dichas medidas es superior en la detección de estas lesiones.