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Agriculture is the main source of way to satisfy the need of food for human beings. Nowadays, with the help of day-to-day growing technologies, robotics is used in the agriculture field to save time and reduce the wastage of the harvest. Through the application of Artificial Intelligence and computer vision, the automation of agricultural field tasks becomes achievable. In agriculture, robots are mainly used for harvesting, fertilizing, and irrigation. We identified that there is a gap in the weed detection and herbicide spraying system while navigating through the crop rows autonomously. Based on our research, we propose the development of an autonomous robot with the capability to automatically detect weeds and apply herbicides. As a result of this research, the fertilizers and nutrients that are consumed by the weeds can be saved and then crops will be able to consume the nutrition properly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Although Sri Lanka is a developing country and boasts of having a well-established healthcare system along with good healthcare indices, we are still lagging in certain aspects of healthcare. One such aspect is the deficiencies in guidelines and practices related to the handling of pharmaceutical waste. (2) Methods: This was a qualitative study performed using in-depth interviews with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire conducted among staff who are working at a ministry complex in Galle, Sri Lanka. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis, (3) Results: There were 40 participants which included 29 (72.5%) females. Three main themes were identified, namely, (I) current knowledge, (II) perceptions, and (III) practices towards storage, disposal, and misuse of pharmaceutical waste. The death of the patient, forgetting, relieving symptoms, and adverse effects were some reasons for the accumulation of unused pharmaceuticals at home. Most of the participants did not believe that the reuse of unused medications can cause various health hazards. Moreover, all participants practiced unsafe methods such as flushing down toilets, pouring into a sink, burning, etc. (4) Conclusions: The incorrect practices and poor knowledge in the handling of pharmaceutical waste and less concern for the environment highlight the need for awareness programs to the general public and establishing proper medication waste management such drug take-back systems.

Abstract Since the first isolation of graphene, the importance of van der Waals (vdW) interactions has become increasingly recognized in the burgeoning field of layered materials. In this work, infrared nanoimaging techniques and theoretical modeling are used to unravel the critical role played by interfacial vdW interactions in governing the stability of violet phosphorus (VP)—a recently rediscovered wide bandgap p‐type semiconductor—when exfoliated on different substrates. It is demonstrated that vdW interactions with the underlying substrate can have a profound influence on the stability of exfoliated VP flakes and investigate how these interactions are affected by flake thickness, substrate properties (e.g., substrate hydrophilicity, surface roughness), and the exfoliation process. These findings highlight the key role played by interfacial vdW interactions in governing the stability and physical properties of layered materials, and can be used to guide substrate selection in the preparation and study of this important class of materials.

ABSTRACT Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), India has undertaken Customer--Supplier (C-S) approach in its eight constituent Chemical Sciences Laboratories to evaluate the customer satisfaction originating from the 'What-Based' [...]

Cardiac arrest is a sudden loss of heart function with serious consequences. In developing countries, healthcare professionals use clinical documentation to track patient information. These data are used to predict the development of cardiac arrest. We published a dataset through open access to advance the research domain. While using this dataset, our work revolved around generating and utilizing synthetic data by harnessing the potential of synthetic data vaults. We conducted a series of experiments by employing state-of-the-art machine-learning techniques. These experiments aimed to assess the performance of our developed predictive model in identifying the likelihood of developing cardiac arrest. This approach was effective in identifying the risk of cardiac arrest in in-patients, even in the absence of electronic medical recording systems. The study evaluated 112 patients who had been transferred from the emergency treatment unit to the cardiac medical ward. The developed model achieved 96% accuracy in predicting the risk of developing cardiac arrest. In conclusion, our study showcased the potential of leveraging clinical documentation and synthetic data to create robust predictive models for cardiac arrest. The outcome of this effort could provide valuable insights and tools for healthcare professionals to preemptively address this critical medical condition.

Abstract Violet phosphorus (VP) is garnering attention for its appealing physical properties and potential applications in optoelectronics. A comprehensive investigation of the photodegradation and thermal effects of exfoliated VP on SiO2/Si substrates is presented. The degradation rate of VP is strongly influenced by the wavelength and exposure duration of light. Light illumination of VP above the bandgap leads to faster degradation, attributed to interactions with reactive oxygen species. Power‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements at low temperature (T = 4 K) show neutral exciton (X0) and trion (T) intensities linearly increase with excitation power, while the energy difference between peak energies decreases. The T/X0 spectral weight ratio increases from 0.28 at 300 K to 0.69 at 4 K, suggesting enhanced T formation due to reduced phonon scattering. Temperature‐dependent Raman is used to investigate the phonon properties of VP. Tracking peak positions of 9 Raman modes with temperature, the linear first‐order temperature coefficient is obtained and found to be linear for all modes. The results provide a deeper understanding of VP's degradation behavior and implications for optoelectronic applications.