7 results on '"Samara B Rifkin"'
Search Results
2. A 5-Year Statewide Analysis of Unplanned Hospital Visits for EGD, Colonoscopy, Combined EGD/Colonoscopy, and ERCP
- Author
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Vorada Sakulsaengprapha, Jonathan P. Masterson, IV, Samara B. Rifkin, and Simon C. Mathews
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Unplanned Hospital Visit ,Complication Rates ,Endoscopy ,Maryland ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background and Aims: Conventional complication rates for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures may underestimate the broader risk represented by postprocedure unplanned hospital visits (UHVs). We aimed to characterize UHVs for procedures in Maryland and the District of Columbia from 2014 to 2018. Methods: Data for all esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs), colonoscopies, combined EGDs/colonoscopies, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies (ERCPs) performed between 2014 and 2018 was provided by the Maryland Health Information Exchange (Chesapeake Regional Information System for our Patients’). Patient demographics, timing of UHV within 14 days postprocedure, distance traveled, facility site (“home” vs “away” institution), and International Classification of Diseases codes for the UHV were analyzed. Only UHVs potentially attributable to the endoscopic procedures were included. Results: Among 304,786 endoscopic procedures and 3904 unplanned visits, the 14-day UHV rates were 1.7%, 0.6%, 1.3%, and 5.2% for EGD, colonoscopy, combined EGD/colonoscopy, and ERCP procedures respectively. From 2014 to 2018, the UHV rate on an annual basis remained stable for all procedure types except for ERCPs which increased. Patients who experienced UHVs were statistically different in sex, race, age, and distance traveled. UHVs most often occurred on postprocedure day 1; emergency department visits occurred most commonly. UHVs for all procedures, except ERCPs, were more likely to occur at a “home” institution. Overall, patients were more likely to be admitted postprocedure at an “away” institution. Conclusion: Postendoscopic procedure UHV rates were generally low. However, UHV rates for EGDs and colonoscopies were significantly higher than conventional complication rates. As 30%–60% of all unplanned visits occurred at an “away” institution, endoscopists should consider a broad approach to detecting postprocedure complications and not rely on a single institution for data capture.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Gut microbiome composition in Lynch syndrome with and without history of colorectal neoplasia and non-Lynch controls
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Samara B Rifkin, Marc A. Sze, Kirsten Tuck, Erika Koeppe, Elena M. Stoffel Rifkin, and Patrick D Schloss
- Abstract
Background While Lynch syndrome (LS) is a highly penetrant colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome, there is considerable variation in penetrance, few studies have investigated the association between microbiome and CRC risk in LS. We analyzed the microbiome composition among individuals with LS with and without personal history of colorectal neoplasia (CRN) and non-LS controls. Methods We sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from the stool of 46 individuals with LS and 53 individuals without LS. We characterized within community and in between community microbiome variation, compared taxon abundance and built machine learning models to investigate differences in microbiome. Results There was no difference within or between community variation among LS groups, but there was a statistically significant difference in both within and between community variation comparing LS to non-LS. Streptococcus and Actinomyces were differentially enriched in LS-CRC compared to LS-without CRN. There were numerous differences in taxa abundance comparing LS to non-LS notably Veillonella was enriched and Facaelibacterium and Romboustia were depleted in LS. Finally, machine learning models classifying LS from non-LS controls and LS-CRC from LS-without CRN performed moderately well. Conclusions Differences in microbiome composition between LS and non-LS may suggest a microbiome pattern unique to LS formed by underlying differences in epithelial biology and immunology. We found specific taxa differences among LS groups, which may be due to underlying anatomy. Larger prospective studies following for CRN diagnosis and microbiome composition changes are needed to determine if microbiome composition contributes to CRN development in patients with LS.
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- 2022
4. Multifocal Nitrous Oxide Cryoballoon Ablation for High-Grade Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia
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Marcia I. Canto, Samara B. Rifkin, Lysandra Voltaggio, and Tossapol Kerdsirichairat
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Microscopy, Confocal ,Hepatology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ,Papillomavirus Infections ,Gastroenterology ,Anal intraepithelial neoplasia ,Nitrous Oxide ,Colonoscopy ,Anus Neoplasms ,Cryosurgery ,Neoplasm Recurrence ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Radiology ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,business ,Cryoballoon ablation ,Aged - Published
- 2019
5. Hormonal contraception and risk of bacterial vaginosis diagnosis in an observational study of women attending STD clinics in Baltimore, MD
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Marsha R. Smith, Renee M. Gindi, Samara B. Rifkin, Emily J. Erbelding, and Rebecca M. Brotman
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Adult ,Sexually transmitted disease ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Ambulatory Care Facilities ,Risk Assessment ,Young Adult ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Risk factor ,education ,Gynecology ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Vaginosis, Bacterial ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Contraceptives, Oral, Combined ,Reproductive Medicine ,Hormonal contraception ,Family planning ,Baltimore ,Cohort ,Female ,Progestins ,Bacterial vaginosis ,business - Abstract
Background The protective effect of hormonal contraception may offer a potential intervention against bacterial vaginosis (BV). Study Design Three hundred thirty reproductive-age women enrolled in a contraceptive program from April 2005 to October 2006 at two sexually transmitted diseases clinics in Baltimore, MD. Participants were supplied with hormonal contraceptives of their choice and followed prospectively. BV was diagnosed by Amsel's criteria. Results from population-level analysis were compared to a case-crossover analysis. Results BV was diagnosed in 189 (13.0%) of the visits among 133 (40.3%) women. In the population-level analysis, the use of progestin-only and combined contraception was associated with a decreased risk of BV compared to intervals of no hormonal contraceptive use [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.42 (95% CI: 0.20–0.88) and AOR: 0.66 (95% CI: 0.39–1.10), respectively]. The case-crossover analysis demonstrated a similar trend in findings. Conclusion Hormonal contraception was associated with a decreased risk of BV in an STD clinic cohort.
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- 2009
6. Factors associated with false-positive results from fingerstick OraQuick ADVANCE rapid HIV 1/2 antibody test
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Jeffrey L. Greenwald, Lauren E. Owens, and Samara B. Rifkin
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Fingerstick ,Sexual Behavior ,Immunology ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,ABO Blood-Group System ,Young Adult ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,HIV Seropositivity ,medicine ,Humans ,False Positive Reactions ,Retrospective Studies ,biology ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,Test (assessment) ,Infectious Diseases ,True negative ,Case-Control Studies ,HIV-2 ,biology.protein ,Case control analysis ,HIV-1 ,Female ,Antibody ,business - Abstract
Objective: Identify factors associated with false-positive rapid HIV antibody tests. Design: This retrospective cohort study with nested case–controls involved patients tested for HIV by Boston Medical Center (BMC) affiliates. Methods: Cases had a reactive fingerstick OraQuick ADVANCE rapid HIV 1/2 antibody test and a negative Western blot. Controls had nonreactive rapid tests. We compared the prevalence of HIV risk factors between cases and the total nonreactive population and the prevalence of other clinical factors between cases and controls. Results: Of the 15 094 tests, 14 937 (98.9%) were negative and 11 (0.07%) were false positives (specificity of 99.9%). Cases were more likely to have had an HIV-infected sex partner and to be tested at certain sites compared to true negatives. More cases than controls had O-negative blood type. Conclusion: O-negative blood type and sex with an HIV-infected person may increase false-positive HIV fingerstick results. More targeted studies should examine these risk factors.
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- 2012
7. Wood cookstove use is associated with gastric cancer in Central America and mediated by host genetics
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Samara B. Rifkin, Anna K. Miller, Eleazar E. Montalvan-Sanchez, Dalton A. Norwood, Enrique Martinez, Tim Waterboer, T. Mark Beasley, Ricardo L. Dominguez, Scott M. Williams, and Douglas R. Morgan
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Biomass cookstove food preparation is linked to aero-digestive cancers, mediated by ingested and inhaled carcinogens (e.g., heterocyclic amines, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). We investigated the association between gastric adenocarcinoma, wood cookstove use, H. pylori CagA infection and risk modification by variants in genes that metabolize and affect the internal dose of carcinogens. We conducted a population-based, case–control study (814 incident cases, 1049 controls) in rural Honduras, a high-incidence region with a homogeneous diet and endemic H. pylori infection, primarily with the high-risk CagA genotype. We investigated factors including wood cookstove use, H. pylori CagA serostatus, and 15 variants from 7 metabolizing genes, and the interactions between wood stove use and the genetic variants. Male sex (OR 2.0, 1.6–2.6), age (OR 1.04, 1.03–1.05), wood cookstove use (OR 2.3, 1.6–3.3), and CagA serostatus (OR 3.5, 2.4–5.1) and two SNPs in CYP1B1 (rs1800440 and rs1056836) were independently associated with gastric cancer in multivariate analysis. In the final multivariate model, a highly significant interaction (OR 3.1, 1.2–7.8) was noted between wood cookstove use and the rs1800440 metabolizing genotype, highlighting an important gene-environment interaction. Lifetime wood cookstove use associates with gastric cancer risk in the high-incidence regions of Central America, and the association is dependent on the rs1800440 genotype in CYP1B1. H. pylori CagA infection, wood cookstove use and the rs1800440 genotype, all of which are highly prevalent, informs who is at greatest risk from biomass cookstove use.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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