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We have synthesized a ternary glycine-functionalized graphene/Fe3O4 nanocomposite referred as Gr/Fe@Gly NC which was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (HR-SEM/EDS) and the transmission electron microscopy. The effectiveness of synthesized nanocomposite as anticorrosive material for mild steel in the acid medium was assessed using weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) complemented with FT-IR and SEM studies. The results of weight loss study depicted its effectiveness and stability up to 60 °C at very low concentrations. FT-IR and SEM studies supported the existence of a protective film on the inhibited steel surface. The adsorption followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm; as such, it approximated and defined the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters governing the adsorption process. ANOVA statistical check confirmed that there is statistically no significant difference between the inhibition efficiencies obtained through weight loss, PDP and EIS techniques.

Religion is an indelible force in society, yet research examining its influence on consumption, particularly in the context of financial well‐being is lacking. Thus, this paper presents a conceptual framework of factors influencing, and outcomes associated with, the effects of religion on financial well‐being. Specifically, this paper introduces a conceptual framework aimed at understanding how religion influences financial decisions and well‐being, both from a consumer and a business perspective. Focus groups were conducted with consumers and financial practitioners to support the development of the conceptual framework. Most novel to this framework is the identification of potential process mechanisms explaining this relationship, including trust, affect, risk propensity, and perceived personal control. The framework concludes with potential interventions targeted at consumers and businesses to improve financial well‐being. This propositions‐based conceptual framework serves as a research agenda to guide and aid scholars, consumer advocacy groups, policymakers, and marketers in promoting greater financial well‐being.

The two main forms of corrosion in oilfield development and transport industries are sweet corrosion and sour corrosion. Sweet corrosion in the presence of CO2 gas is a mild form of corrosion and sour corrosion is an extremely severe type of corrosion that occurs in the presence of H2S gas. Corrosion of metallic structures has been recognized as an important problem in oilfields in the presence of these gases. The topics in this chapter will be limited to the factors causing sweet and sour corrosion as well as the corrosion inhibitor-based mitigation techniques.

The aim of this chapter is to cover an outline of the basics introduction of the corrosion inhibitors. Corrosion has been faced by mankind for ages and is considered one of the major catastrophic problems. The protection of metals from corrosion is a very challenging task and a matter of enormous importance. One of the most prevalent ways of combating the internal corrosion in various industries is by utilizing corrosion inhibitors. These are the chemicals that when added in traces to the corrosive media impede the corrosion of the metals. They work by getting adsorbed onto the surface of metals that need to be protected, and in turn, protect it from further corrosion by forming a very thin film of the molecules. This film retards the interaction between metal surfaces and the corrosive environment. This minimization can be associated with the physical blockage effect, or with the impact of the inhibitor on the mechanisms and kinetics of the corresponding corrosion reactions. They are mainly distributed into the solution or dispersion, but some of the corrosion inhibitors are incorporated into the paints and coatings also. The practice of utilizing corrosion inhibitors can tackle the severity of the problem related to the corrosion. The advancement in corrosion control methods and techniques remains a topic of significant industrial and academic concern. This chapter will cover the brief outline about the corrosion inhibitors.

The inhibition performance of sodium gluconate (SG), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and their mixture (SG/CTAB) on the corrosion behavior of α-brass in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution has been investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy-Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry (ICPS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques. The results reveal that SG with 5ppm CTAB, noted SG/CTAB, acts as a good corrosion inhibitor and its inhibition efficiency reached 89% after 24 h immersion in sulfuric acid solution, but slightly decreased at higher temperatures. The polarization curves displayed that SG/CTAB acts as a cathodic-kind inhibitor. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies revealed that the addition of 5ppm CTAB to different concentrations of SG considerably increases the corrosion resistance of α-brass. The SEM-EDS and ICPS analyses support the experimental results. Further, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to understand the adsorption profiles of SG/CTAB on Cu(111) and Zn(111) surfaces.

Research has shown online learners’ performance to have a strong association with their demographic characteristics, such as regional belonging, socio-economic standing, education level, age, gender, and disability status. Despite a growing number of studies exploring factors for successful online learning outcomes, most researchers have utilised one or a combination of very few learner characteristics. Moreover, a limited number of studies scrutinised the impact of individual characteristics on learning outcomes as learners progress in a course. The current research aims to explore the dynamic impact of demographic characteristics on academic outcomes in the online learning environment. We investigated and compared the dynamic influence of six demographic characteristics on online learning outcomes using a sample of 8581 UK based learners across four Open University online courses from four different disciplines. We found region, neighborhood poverty level, and prior education respectively, to be strong predictors of overall learning outcomes. However, at a fine-grain level, such influence varied temporally as the course progressed, as well as between different courses. To conclude with, we discussed the implications for institutional support on adopting a tailored approach towards a more personalised student support system.

This work proposes a mixture of sulfamic and perchloric acids as a descaling solution and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and imidazole for the improvement in the corrosion resistance of mil...

A novel quinazoline derivative, 3-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydroquinoline- 2(1H)-One (CPHQ), was successfully designed and synthesized. Then, its corrosion inhibition behavior on carbon steel (CS) surface in 1.0M HCl at different temperatures was investigated using chemical, electrochemical and theoretical techniques. The experiments confirmed that the studied inhibitor shows inhibition efficiency as high as 95% even at very low concentration of 5�10�3 M. To ascertain the nature of adsorption of CPHQ molecules on CS surface, Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was best fitted. From potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) calculations, it was concluded that the CPHQ acted as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies revealed that increase in CPHQ concentration, resulted in an increase in the polarization resistance with a simultaneous decrease in the doublelayer capacitance values. PDP tests were also performed to understand the corrosion behavior of CS as a function of temperature without and with varying concentrations of CPHQ, at temperatures 303, 313, 323, and 333 K. It can be concluded that the corrosion inhibition effect was dependent on the concentration of the inhibitor and the solution temperature. In order to understand the basic insights of the action mode of CPHQ molecules, Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, and Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations were also employed on the optimized structure of CPHQ.

Studies on engagement and learning design in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have laid the groundwork for understanding how people learn in this relatively new type of informal learning environment. To advance our understanding of how people learn in MOOCs, we investigate the intersection between learning design and the temporal process of engagement in the course. This study investigates the detailed processes of engagement using educational process mining (EPM) in a FutureLearn science course (N = 2086 learners) and applying an established taxonomy of learning design to classify learning activities. The analyses were performed on three groups of learners categorised based upon their clicking behaviour. The process-mining results show at least one dominant pathway in each of the three groups, though multiple popular additional pathways were identified within each group. All three groups remained interested and engaged in the various learning and assessment activities. The findings from this study suggest that in the analysis of voluminous MOOC data there is value in first clustering learners and then investigating detailed progressions within each cluster that take the order and type of learning activities into account. The approach is promising because it provides insight into variation in behavioural sequences based on learners’ intentions for earning a course certificate. These insights can inform the targeting of analytics-based interventions to support learners and inform MOOC designers about adapting learning activities to different groups of learners based on their goals.