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2. Methodological Challenges in the Application of the Glycemic Index in Epidemiological Studies Using Data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

van Bakel, Marit M.E., Slimani, Nadia, Feskens, Edith J.M., Du, Huaidong, Beulens, Joline W.J., van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Brighenti, Furio, Halkjaer, Jytte, Cust, Anne E., Ferrari, Pietro, Brand-Miller, Jennie, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Peeters, Petra, Ardanaz, Eva, Dorronsoro, Miren, Crowe, Francesca L., Bingham, Sheila, Rohrmann, Sabine, Boeing, Heiner, Johansson, Ingegerd, Manjer, Jonas, Tjonneland, Anne, Overvad, Kim, Lund, Eiliv, Skeie, Guri, Mattiello, Amalia, Salvini, Simonetta, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, and Kaaks, Rudolf

Published
2009
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3. Effects of de-alcoholised wines with different polyphenol content on DNA oxidative damage, gene expression of peripheral lymphocytes, and haemorheology: an intervention study in post-menopausal women

Author

Giovannelli, Lisa, Pitozzi, Vanessa, Luceri, Cristina, Giannini, Lucia, Toti, Simona, Salvini, Simonetta, Sera, Francesco, Souquet, Jean-Marc, Cheynier, Veronique, Sofi, Francesco, Mannini, Lucia, Gori, Anna Maria, Abbate, Rosanna, Palli, Domenico, and Dolara, Piero

Published
2011
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4. Age and disability affect dietary intake

Author

Bartali, Benedetta, Salvini, Simonetta, Turrini, Aida, Lauretani, Fulvio, Russo, Cosimo R., Corsi, Anna M., Bandinelli, Stefania, D'Amicis, Amleto, Palli, Domenico, Guralnik, Jack M., and Ferrucci, Luigi

Subjects
Aged -- Food and nutrition, Diet -- Research, Aging -- Health aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

The purpose of the study was to provide information on dietary intake in the InCHIANTI study population, a representative sample (n = 1453) of persons living in two towns of Tuscany (Italy), including a large number of old and very old individuals (79.5% > 65 y old). We also investigated whether difficulties in nutritionrelated activities were associated with inadequate intake of selected nutrients. The percentage of persons with an inadequate intake of nutrients according to Italian Recommended Nutrients Levels (LARN) was higher in the older age groups. Older persons tended to adapt their diets in response to individual functional difficulties, often leading to monotonous food consumption and, as a consequence, to inadequate nutrient intakes. Multiple logistic models were used to evaluate whether inadequate intake of selected nutrients could be predicted by nutrition-related difficulties. Reporting difficulties in three or more nutrition-related activities (chewing, self-feeding, shopping for basic necessities, carrying a shopping bag, cooking a warm meal, using fingers to grasp or handle) significantly increased the risk of inadequate intake of energy [odds ratio (OR) = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.9-7.8) and vitamin C (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2-4.2, after adjustment for energy intake). More attention to functional problems in the elderly population and the provision of formal or informal help to those who have difficulty in purchasing, processing and eating food may reduce, at least in part, the percentage of older persons with poor nutrition. KEY WORDS: * InCHIANTI * aging * nutrient intake * food consumption * disability

Published
2003

5. Associations between dietary pattern and lifestyle, anthropometry and other health indicators in the elderly participants of the EPIC-Italy cohort

Author

Pala, Valeria, Sieri, Sabina, Masala, Giovanna, Palli, Domenico, Panico, Salvatore, Vineis, Paolo, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Galasso, Rocco, Salvini, Simonetta, Ceroti, Marco, Berrino, Franco, Fusconi, Elisabetta, Tumino, Rosario, Frasca, Graziella, Riboli, Elio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Baibas, Nikolaos, and Krogh, Vittorio

Published
2006
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10. Intake of macronutrients and risk of breast cancer

Author

Franceschi, Silvia, Favero, Adriano, Decarli, Adriano, Negri, Eva, La Vecchia, Carlo, Ferraroni, Monica, Russo, Antonio, Salvini, Simonetta, Amadori, Dino, Conti, Ettore, Montella, Maurizio, and Giacosa, Attilio

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Health aspects, Cancer patients -- Food and nutrition, Carbohydrates, Refined -- Health aspects, Unsaturated fatty acids in human nutrition -- Health aspects
Published
1996

15. A prospective study of cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and the risk of myocardial infarction

Author

Stampfer, Meir J., Sacks, Frank M., Salvini, Simonetta, Willett, Walter C., and Hennekens, Charles H.

Subjects
Blood cholesterol -- Physiological aspects, Heart attack -- Risk factors, Physicians -- Health aspects, Blood cholesterol -- Measurement, Apolipoproteins -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

Although studies have shown that lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or 'good') cholesterol carry an increased risk of heart disease and heart attacks, how this occurs is not understood. HDL cholesterol is made up of subfractions (designated by subscripts, such as HDL-2), but whether some types are more important in lowering the development of heart disease than others is still being studied. The role of apolipoproteins (the nonfat part of the lipoprotein molecule) is also unclear. Blood samples were taken from 14,916 men to study the effects of the subfractions of HDL cholesterol and apolipoproteins on heart attacks (myocardial infarctions). After five years, 246 men who had had heart attacks were matched by age and smoking status with 246 others in the sample who had not. HDL cholesterol level was a powerful indicator of the risk of heart attack. This was not only true for HDL-2 cholesterol, as originally supposed, but even more so for HDL-3 cholesterol. The higher the level of HDL-3 cholesterol, the lower the risk of heart attack. However, the subfractions were not significantly better at predicting a heart attack than the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol alone. The men in this study, chosen from the database of the Physicians' Health Study, are healthier than average, and had lower levels of cholesterol, but the results were consistent with the findings of other studies. Measurements of apolipoproteins and subfractions of HDL cholesterol are not recommended for assessment of risk in clinical practice because they do not add to the knowledge already provided by HDL cholesterol alone. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

23. Intake estimation of total and individual flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins and theaflavins, their food sources and determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Knaze, Viktoria Zamora-Ros, Raul Lujan-Barroso, Leila and Romieu, Isabelle Scalbert, Augustin Slimani, Nadia Riboli, Elio van Rossum, Caroline T. M. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas and Trichopoulou, Antonia Dilis, Vardis Tsiotas, Konstantinos and Skeie, Guri Engeset, Dagrun Ramon Quiros, J. Molina, Esther and Maria Huerta, Jose Crowe, Francesca Wirfal, Elisabet and Ericson, Ulrika Peeters, Petra H. M. Kaaks, Rudolf Teucher, Birgit Johansson, Gerd Johansson, Ingegerd Tumino, Rosario and Boeing, Heiner Drogan, Dagmar Amiano, Pilar Mattiello, Amalia Khaw, Kay-Tee Luben, Robert Krogh, Vittorio and Ardanaz, Eva Sacerdote, Carlotta Salvini, Simonetta Overvad, Kim Tjonneland, Anne Olsen, Anja Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Fagherazzi, Guy Perquier, Florence Gonzalez, Carlos A.

Abstract

Epidemiological studies suggest health-protective effects of flavan-3-ols and their derived compounds on chronic diseases. The present study aimed to estimate dietary flavan-3-ol, proanthocyanidin (PA) and theaflavin intakes, their food sources and potential determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration cohort. Dietary data were collected using a standardised 24 h dietary recall software administered to 36 037 subjects aged 35-74 years. Dietary data were linked with a flavanoid food composition database compiled from the latest US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and expanded to include recipes, estimations and retention factors. Total flavan-3-ol intake was the highest in UK Health-conscious men (453.6 mg/d) and women of UK General population (377.6 mg/d), while the intake was the lowest in Greece (men: 160.5 mg/d; women: 124.8 mg/d). Monomer intake was the highest in UK General population (men: 213.5 mg/d; women: 178.6 mg/d) and the lowest in Greece (men: 26.6 mg/d in men; women: 20.7 mg/d). Theaflavin intake was the highest in UK General population (men: 29.3 mg/d; women: 25.3 mg/d) and close to zero in Greece and Spain. PA intake was the highest in Asturias (men: 455.2 mg/d) and San Sebastian (women: 253 mg/d), while being the lowest in Greece (men: 134.6 mg/d; women: 101.0 mg/d). Except for the UK, non-citrus fruits (apples/pears) were the highest contributors to the total flavan-3-ol intake. Tea was the main contributor of total flavan-3-ols in the UK. Flavan-3-ol, PA and theaflavin intakes were significantly different among all assessed groups. This study showed heterogeneity in flavan-3-ol, PA and theaflavin intake throughout the EPIC countries.

Published
2012

24. Estimated dietary intakes of flavonols, flavanones and flavones in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 24 hour dietary recall cohort

Author

Zamora-Ros, Raul Knaze, Viktoria Lujan-Barroso, Leila and Slimani, Nadia Romieu, Isabelle Fedirko, Veronika de Magistris, Maria Santucci Ericson, Ulrica Amiano, Pilar and Trichopoulou, Antonia Dilis, Vardis Naska, Androniki and Engeset, Dagrun Skeie, Guri Cassidy, Aedin Overvad, Kim and Peeters, Petra H. M. Maria Huerta, Jose Sanchez, Maria-Jose and Ramon Quiros, J. Sacerdote, Carlotta Grioni, Sara Tumino, Rosario Johansson, Gerd Johansson, Ingegerd Drake, Isabel and Crowe, Francesca L. Barricarte, Aurelio Kaaks, Rudolf and Teucher, Birgit Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas van Rossum, Caroline T. M. Norat, Teresa Romaguera, Dora Vergnaud, Anne-Claire and Tjonneland, Anne Halkjaer, Jytte Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Touillaud, Marina Salvini, Simonetta Khaw, Kay-Thee Wareham, Nicholas Boeing, Heiner and Foerster, Jana Riboli, Elio Gonzalez, Carlos A.

Abstract

Flavonols, flavanones and flavones (FLAV) are sub-classes of flavonoids that exert cardioprotective and anti-carcinogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. We aimed to estimate the FLAV dietary intake, their food sources and associated lifestyle factors in ten European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. FLAV intake and their food sources for 36 037 subjects, aged between 35 and 74 years, in twenty-seven study centres were obtained using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-SOFT). An ad hoc food composition database on FLAV was compiled using data from US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and was expanded using recipes, estimations and flavonoid retention factors in order to increase its correspondence with the 24 h dietary recall. Our results showed that the highest FLAV-consuming centre was the UK health-conscious group, with 130.9 and 97.0 mg/d for men and women, respectively. The lowest FLAV intakes were 36.8 mg/d in men from Umea and 37.2 mg/d in women from Malmo (Sweden). The flavanone sub-class was the main contributor to the total FLAV intake ranging from 46.6 to 52.9% depending on the region. Flavonols ranged from 38.5 to 47.3% and flavones from 5.8 to 8.6%. FLAV intake was higher in women, non-smokers, increased with level of education and physical activity. The major food sources were citrus fruits and citrus-based juices (especially for flavanones), tea, wine, other fruits and some vegetables. We concluded that the present study shows heterogeneity in intake of these three sub-classes of flavonoids across European regions and highlights differences by sex and other sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.

Published
2011

25. Estimation of the intake of anthocyanidins and their food sources in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Zamora-Ros, Raul Knaze, Viktoria Lujan-Barroso, Leila and Slimani, Nadia Romieu, Isabelle Touillaud, Marina Kaaks, Rudolf Teucher, Birgit Mattiello, Amalia Grioni, Sara and Crowe, Francesca Boeing, Heiner Foerster, Jana Ramon Quiros, J. Molina, Esther Maria Huerta, Jose Engeset, Dagrun and Skeie, Guri Trichopoulou, Antonia Dilis, Vardis Tsiotas, Konstantinos Peeters, Petra H. M. Khaw, Kay-Thee Wareham, Nicholas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas Ocke, Marga C. Olsen, Anja and Tjonneland, Anne Tumino, Rosario Johansson, Gerd and Johansson, Ingegerd Ardanaz, Eva Sacerdote, Carlotta and Sonestedt, Emily Ericson, Ulrika Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Fagherazzi, Guy Salvini, Simonetta Amiano, Pilar Riboli, Elio Gonzalez, Carlos A.

Abstract

Anthocyanidins are bioactive flavonoids with potential health-promoting effects. These may vary among single anthocyanidins considering differences in their bioavailability and some of the mechanisms involved. The aim of the present study was to estimate the dietary intake of anthocyanidins, their food sources and the lifestyle factors (sex, age, BMI, smoking status, educational level and physisical activity) involved among twenty-seven centres in ten European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Anthocyanidin intake and their food sources for 36 037 subjects, aged between 35 and 74 years, in twenty-seven redefined centres were obtained using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-SOFT). An ad hoc food composition database on anthocyanidins (cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin) was compiled using data from the US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and was expanded by adding recipes, estimated values and cooking factors. For men, the total anthocyanidin mean intake ranged from 19.83 (SE 1.53) mg/d (Bilthoven, The Netherlands) to 64.88 (SE 1.86) mg/d (Turin, Italy), whereas for women the range was 18.73 (SE 2.80) mg/d (Granada, Spain) to 44.08 (SE 2.45) mg/d (Turin, Italy). A clear south to north gradient intake was observed. Cyanidins and malvidins were the main anthocynidin contributors depending on the region and sex. Anthocyanidin intake was higher in non-obese older females, non-smokers, and increased with educational level and physical activity. The major food sources were fruits, wine, non-alcoholic beverages and some vegetables. The present study shows differences in both total and individual anthocyanidin intakes and various lifestyle factors throughout Europe, with some geographical variability in their food sources.

Published
2011

26. Physical activity and breast cancer risk: The European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author

Lahmann, Petra H. Friedenreich, Christine Schuit, A. Jantine and Salvini, Simonetta Allen, Naomi E. Key, Tim J. Khaw, Kay-Tee and Bingham, Sheila Peeters, Petra H. M. Monninkhof, Evelyn and Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. Bas Wirfaelt, Elisabet Manjer, Jonas and Gonzales, Carlos A. Ardanaz, Eva Amiano, Pilar Quiros, Jose R. Navarro, Carmen Martinez, Carmen Berrino, Franco and Palli, Domenico Tumino, Rosario Panico, Salvatore Vineis, Paolo Trichopoulou, Antonia Bamia, Christina Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Boeing, Heiner Schulz, Mandy Linseisen, Jakob and Chang-Claude, Jenny Chapelon, Francoise Clavel Fournier, Agnes and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Tjonneland, Anne Johnson, Nina Fons Overvad, Kim Kaaks, Rudolf Riboli, Elio

Abstract

There is convincing evidence for a decreased risk of breast cancer with increased physical activity. Uncertainties remain, however, about the role of different types of physical activity on breast cancer risk and the potential effect modification for these associations. We used data from 218,169 premenopausal and postmenopausal women from nine European countries, ages 20 to 80 years at study entry into the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Hazard ratios (HR) from multivariate Cox regression models were calculated using metabolic equivalent value-based physical activity variables categorized in quartiles, adjusted for age, study center, education, body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, parity, current oral contraceptive use, and hormone replacement therapy use. The physical activity assessment included recreational, household, and occupational activities. A total physical activity index was estimated based on cross-tabulation of these separate types of activity. During 6.4 years of follow-up, 3,423 incident invasive breast cancers were identified. Overall, increasing total physical activity was associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women (P-trend = 0.06). Specifically, household activity was associated with a significantly reduced risk in postmenopausal (HR, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.93, highest versus the lowest quartile; P-trend = 0.001) and premenopausal (HR, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-0.90, highest versus lowest quartile; P-trend = 0.003) women. Occupational activity and recreational activity were not significantly related to breast cancer risk in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This study provides additional evidence for a protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer risk.

Published
2007

27. Intake estimation of total and individual flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins and theaflavins, their food sources and determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Knaze, Viktoria, Zamora-Ros, Raul, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Romieu, Isabelle, Scalbert, Augustin, Slimani, Nadia, Riboli, Elio, van Rossum, Caroline T. M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Dilis, Vardis, Tsiotas, Konstantinos, Skeie, Guri, Engeset, Dagrun, Ramon Quiros, J., Molina, Esther, Maria Huerta, Jose, Crowe, Francesca, Wirfal, Elisabet, Ericson, Ulrika, Peeters, Petra H. M., Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Johansson, Gerd, Johansson, Ingegerd, Tumino, Rosario, Boeing, Heiner, Drogan, Dagmar, Amiano, Pilar, Mattiello, Amalia, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Luben, Robert, Krogh, Vittorio, Ardanaz, Eva, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Salvini, Simonetta, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Perquier, Florence, Gonzalez, Carlos A., Knaze, Viktoria, Zamora-Ros, Raul, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Romieu, Isabelle, Scalbert, Augustin, Slimani, Nadia, Riboli, Elio, van Rossum, Caroline T. M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Dilis, Vardis, Tsiotas, Konstantinos, Skeie, Guri, Engeset, Dagrun, Ramon Quiros, J., Molina, Esther, Maria Huerta, Jose, Crowe, Francesca, Wirfal, Elisabet, Ericson, Ulrika, Peeters, Petra H. M., Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Johansson, Gerd, Johansson, Ingegerd, Tumino, Rosario, Boeing, Heiner, Drogan, Dagmar, Amiano, Pilar, Mattiello, Amalia, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Luben, Robert, Krogh, Vittorio, Ardanaz, Eva, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Salvini, Simonetta, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Perquier, Florence, and Gonzalez, Carlos A.

Abstract

Epidemiological studies suggest health-protective effects of flavan-3-ols and their derived compounds on chronic diseases. The present study aimed to estimate dietary flavan-3-ol, proanthocyanidin (PA) and theaflavin intakes, their food sources and potential determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration cohort. Dietary data were collected using a standardised 24 h dietary recall software administered to 36 037 subjects aged 35-74 years. Dietary data were linked with a flavanoid food composition database compiled from the latest US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and expanded to include recipes, estimations and retention factors. Total flavan-3-ol intake was the highest in UK Health-conscious men (453.6 mg/d) and women of UK General population (377.6 mg/d), while the intake was the lowest in Greece (men: 160.5 mg/d; women: 124.8 mg/d). Monomer intake was the highest in UK General population (men: 213.5 mg/d; women: 178.6 mg/d) and the lowest in Greece (men: 26.6 mg/d in men; women: 20.7 mg/d). Theaflavin intake was the highest in UK General population (men: 29.3 mg/d; women: 25.3 mg/d) and close to zero in Greece and Spain. PA intake was the highest in Asturias (men: 455.2 mg/d) and San Sebastian (women: 253 mg/d), while being the lowest in Greece (men: 134.6 mg/d; women: 101.0 mg/d). Except for the UK, non-citrus fruits (apples/pears) were the highest contributors to the total flavan-3-ol intake. Tea was the main contributor of total flavan-3-ols in the UK. Flavan-3-ol, PA and theaflavin intakes were significantly different among all assessed groups. This study showed heterogeneity in flavan-3-ol, PA and theaflavin intake throughout the EPIC countries.

Published
2012
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28. Estimation of the intake of anthocyanidins and their food sources in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Zamora-Ros, Raul, Knaze, Viktoria, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Slimani, Nadia, Romieu, Isabelle, Touillaud, Marina, Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Mattiello, Amalia, Grioni, Sara, Crowe, Francesca, Boeing, Heiner, Foerster, Jana, Ramon Quiros, J., Molina, Esther, Maria Huerta, Jose, Engeset, Dagrun, Skeie, Guri, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Dilis, Vardis, Tsiotas, Konstantinos, Peeters, Petra H. M., Khaw, Kay-Thee, Wareham, Nicholas, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Ocke, Marga C., Olsen, Anja, Tjonneland, Anne, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Gerd, Johansson, Ingegerd, Ardanaz, Eva, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sonestedt, Emily, Ericson, Ulrika, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Salvini, Simonetta, Amiano, Pilar, Riboli, Elio, Gonzalez, Carlos A., Zamora-Ros, Raul, Knaze, Viktoria, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Slimani, Nadia, Romieu, Isabelle, Touillaud, Marina, Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Mattiello, Amalia, Grioni, Sara, Crowe, Francesca, Boeing, Heiner, Foerster, Jana, Ramon Quiros, J., Molina, Esther, Maria Huerta, Jose, Engeset, Dagrun, Skeie, Guri, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Dilis, Vardis, Tsiotas, Konstantinos, Peeters, Petra H. M., Khaw, Kay-Thee, Wareham, Nicholas, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Ocke, Marga C., Olsen, Anja, Tjonneland, Anne, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Gerd, Johansson, Ingegerd, Ardanaz, Eva, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sonestedt, Emily, Ericson, Ulrika, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Salvini, Simonetta, Amiano, Pilar, Riboli, Elio, and Gonzalez, Carlos A.

Abstract

Anthocyanidins are bioactive flavonoids with potential health-promoting effects. These may vary among single anthocyanidins considering differences in their bioavailability and some of the mechanisms involved. The aim of the present study was to estimate the dietary intake of anthocyanidins, their food sources and the lifestyle factors (sex, age, BMI, smoking status, educational level and physisical activity) involved among twenty-seven centres in ten European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Anthocyanidin intake and their food sources for 36 037 subjects, aged between 35 and 74 years, in twenty-seven redefined centres were obtained using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-SOFT). An ad hoc food composition database on anthocyanidins (cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin) was compiled using data from the US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and was expanded by adding recipes, estimated values and cooking factors. For men, the total anthocyanidin mean intake ranged from 19.83 (SE 1.53) mg/d (Bilthoven, The Netherlands) to 64.88 (SE 1.86) mg/d (Turin, Italy), whereas for women the range was 18.73 (SE 2.80) mg/d (Granada, Spain) to 44.08 (SE 2.45) mg/d (Turin, Italy). A clear south to north gradient intake was observed. Cyanidins and malvidins were the main anthocynidin contributors depending on the region and sex. Anthocyanidin intake was higher in non-obese older females, non-smokers, and increased with educational level and physical activity. The major food sources were fruits, wine, non-alcoholic beverages and some vegetables. The present study shows differences in both total and individual anthocyanidin intakes and various lifestyle factors throughout Europe, with some geographical variability in their food sources.

Published
2011
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29. Estimated dietary intakes of flavonols, flavanones and flavones in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 24 hour dietary recall cohort

Author

Zamora-Ros, Raul, Knaze, Viktoria, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Slimani, Nadia, Romieu, Isabelle, Fedirko, Veronika, de Magistris, Maria Santucci, Ericson, Ulrica, Amiano, Pilar, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Dilis, Vardis, Naska, Androniki, Engeset, Dagrun, Skeie, Guri, Cassidy, Aedin, Overvad, Kim, Peeters, Petra H. M., Maria Huerta, Jose, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Ramon Quiros, J., Sacerdote, Carlotta, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Gerd, Johansson, Ingegerd, Drake, Isabel, Crowe, Francesca L., Barricarte, Aurelio, Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, van Rossum, Caroline T. M., Norat, Teresa, Romaguera, Dora, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Tjonneland, Anne, Halkjaer, Jytte, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Salvini, Simonetta, Khaw, Kay-Thee, Wareham, Nicholas, Boeing, Heiner, Foerster, Jana, Riboli, Elio, Gonzalez, Carlos A., Zamora-Ros, Raul, Knaze, Viktoria, Lujan-Barroso, Leila, Slimani, Nadia, Romieu, Isabelle, Fedirko, Veronika, de Magistris, Maria Santucci, Ericson, Ulrica, Amiano, Pilar, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Dilis, Vardis, Naska, Androniki, Engeset, Dagrun, Skeie, Guri, Cassidy, Aedin, Overvad, Kim, Peeters, Petra H. M., Maria Huerta, Jose, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Ramon Quiros, J., Sacerdote, Carlotta, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Gerd, Johansson, Ingegerd, Drake, Isabel, Crowe, Francesca L., Barricarte, Aurelio, Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, van Rossum, Caroline T. M., Norat, Teresa, Romaguera, Dora, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Tjonneland, Anne, Halkjaer, Jytte, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Salvini, Simonetta, Khaw, Kay-Thee, Wareham, Nicholas, Boeing, Heiner, Foerster, Jana, Riboli, Elio, and Gonzalez, Carlos A.

Abstract

Flavonols, flavanones and flavones (FLAV) are sub-classes of flavonoids that exert cardioprotective and anti-carcinogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. We aimed to estimate the FLAV dietary intake, their food sources and associated lifestyle factors in ten European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. FLAV intake and their food sources for 36 037 subjects, aged between 35 and 74 years, in twenty-seven study centres were obtained using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-SOFT). An ad hoc food composition database on FLAV was compiled using data from US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and was expanded using recipes, estimations and flavonoid retention factors in order to increase its correspondence with the 24 h dietary recall. Our results showed that the highest FLAV-consuming centre was the UK health-conscious group, with 130.9 and 97.0 mg/d for men and women, respectively. The lowest FLAV intakes were 36.8 mg/d in men from Umea and 37.2 mg/d in women from Malmo (Sweden). The flavanone sub-class was the main contributor to the total FLAV intake ranging from 46.6 to 52.9% depending on the region. Flavonols ranged from 38.5 to 47.3% and flavones from 5.8 to 8.6%. FLAV intake was higher in women, non-smokers, increased with level of education and physical activity. The major food sources were citrus fruits and citrus-based juices (especially for flavanones), tea, wine, other fruits and some vegetables. We concluded that the present study shows heterogeneity in intake of these three sub-classes of flavonoids across European regions and highlights differences by sex and other sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.

Published
2011
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30. Methodological challenges in the application of the Glycemic Index in epidemiological studies using data from the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author

van Bakel, Marit M E, Slimani, Nadia, Feskens, Edith J M, Du, Huaidong, Beulens, Joline W J, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Brighenti, Furio, Halkjaer, Jytte, Cust, Anne E, Ferrari, Pietro, Brand-Miller, Jennie, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Peeters, Petra, Ardanaz, Eva, Dorronsoro, Miren, Crowe, Francesca L, Bingham, Sheila, Rohrmann, Sabine, Boeing, Heiner, Johansson, Ingegerd, Manjer, Jonas, Tjonneland, Anne, Overvad, Kim, Lund, Eiliv, Skeie, Guri, Mattiello, Amalia, Salvini, Simonetta, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Kaaks, Rudolf, van Bakel, Marit M E, Slimani, Nadia, Feskens, Edith J M, Du, Huaidong, Beulens, Joline W J, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Brighenti, Furio, Halkjaer, Jytte, Cust, Anne E, Ferrari, Pietro, Brand-Miller, Jennie, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Peeters, Petra, Ardanaz, Eva, Dorronsoro, Miren, Crowe, Francesca L, Bingham, Sheila, Rohrmann, Sabine, Boeing, Heiner, Johansson, Ingegerd, Manjer, Jonas, Tjonneland, Anne, Overvad, Kim, Lund, Eiliv, Skeie, Guri, Mattiello, Amalia, Salvini, Simonetta, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, and Kaaks, Rudolf

Abstract

Associations between the glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) and diseases are heterogeneous in epidemiological studies. Differences in assigning GI values to food items may contribute to this inconsistency. Our objective was to address methodological issues related to the use of current GI and GL values in epidemiological studies. We performed ecological comparison and correlation studies by calculating dietary GI and GL from country-specific dietary questionnaires (DQ) from 422,837 participants from 9 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and single standardized 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) obtained from a representative sample (n = 33,404) using mainly Foster Powell's international table as a reference source. Further, 2 inter-rater and 1 inter-method comparison were conducted, comparing DQ GI values assigned by independent groups with values linked by us. The ecological correlation between DQ and 24-HDR was good for GL (overall r = 0.76; P < 0.005) and moderate for GI (r = 0.57; P < 0.05). Mean GI/GL differences between DQ and 24-HDR were significant for most centers. GL but not GI from DQ was highly correlated with total carbohydrate (r = 0.98 and 0.15, respectively; P < 0.0001) and this was higher for starch (r = 0.72; P < 0.0001) than for sugars (r = 0.36; P < 0.0001). The inter-rater and inter-method variations were considerable for GI (weighted kappa coefficients of 0.49 and 0.65 for inter-rater and 0.25 for inter-method variation, respectively) but only mild for GL (weighted kappa coefficients > 0.80). A more consistent methodology to attribute GI values to foods and validated DQ is needed to derive meaningful GI/GL estimates for nutritional epidemiology.

Published
2009
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32. Intake estimation of total and individual flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins and theaflavins, their food sources and determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Knaze, Viktoria, primary, Zamora-Ros, Raul, additional, Luján-Barroso, Leila, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Scalbert, Augustin, additional, Slimani, Nadia, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, van Rossum, Caroline T. M., additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Dilis, Vardis, additional, Tsiotas, Konstantinos, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Engeset, Dagrun, additional, Ramón Quirós, J., additional, Molina, Esther, additional, Huerta, José María, additional, Crowe, Francesca, additional, Wirfäl, Elisabet, additional, Ericson, Ulrika, additional, Peeters, Petra H. M., additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Teucher, Birgit, additional, Johansson, Gerd, additional, Johansson, Ingegerd, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Drogan, Dagmar, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Mattiello, Amalia, additional, Khaw, Kay-Tee, additional, Luben, Robert, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, Ardanáz, Eva, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Olsen, Anja, additional, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, additional, Fagherazzi, Guy, additional, Perquier, Florence, additional, and González, Carlos A., additional

Published
2011
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33. Estimated dietary intakes of flavonols, flavanones and flavones in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 24 hour dietary recall cohort

Author

Zamora-Ros, Raul, primary, Knaze, Viktoria, additional, Luján-Barroso, Leila, additional, Slimani, Nadia, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Fedirko, Veronika, additional, Santucci de Magistris, Maria, additional, Ericson, Ulrica, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Dilis, Vardis, additional, Naska, Androniki, additional, Engeset, Dagrun, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Cassidy, Aedin, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Peeters, Petra H. M., additional, María Huerta, José, additional, Sánchez, María-José, additional, Quirós, J. Ramón, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Grioni, Sara, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Johansson, Gerd, additional, Johansson, Ingegerd, additional, Drake, Isabel, additional, Crowe, Francesca L., additional, Barricarte, Aurelio, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Teucher, Birgit, additional, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H., additional, van Rossum, Caroline T. M., additional, Norat, Teresa, additional, Romaguera, Dora, additional, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Halkjær, Jytte, additional, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, additional, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, additional, Touillaud, Marina, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Khaw, Kay-Thee, additional, Wareham, Nicholas, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Förster, Jana, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and González, Carlos A., additional

Published
2011
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34. Feasibility of innovative dietary assessment in epidemiological studies using the approach of combining different assessment instruments – Corrigendum

Author

Illner, Anne-Kathrin, primary, Harttig, Ulrich, additional, Tognon, Gianluca, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Bower, Eugenia, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Kassik, Taie, additional, Metspalu, Andres, additional, Engeset, Dagrun, additional, Lund, Eiliv, additional, Ward, Heather, additional, Slimani, Nadia, additional, Bergmann, Manuela, additional, Wagner, Karen, additional, and Boeing, Heiner, additional

Published
2011
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35. Estimation of the intake of anthocyanidins and their food sources in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Zamora-Ros, Raul, primary, Knaze, Viktoria, additional, Luján-Barroso, Leila, additional, Slimani, Nadia, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Touillaud, Marina, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Teucher, Birgit, additional, Mattiello, Amalia, additional, Grioni, Sara, additional, Crowe, Francesca, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Förster, Jana, additional, Quirós, J. Ramón, additional, Molina, Esther, additional, Huerta, José María, additional, Engeset, Dagrun, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Dilis, Vardis, additional, Tsiotas, Konstantinos, additional, Peeters, Petra H. M., additional, Khaw, Kay-Thee, additional, Wareham, Nicholas, additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, additional, Ocké, Marga C., additional, Olsen, Anja, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Johansson, Gerd, additional, Johansson, Ingegerd, additional, Ardanaz, Eva, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Sonestedt, Emily, additional, Ericson, Ulrika, additional, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, additional, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, additional, Fagherazzi, Guy, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and González, Carlos A., additional

Published
2011
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36. Effects of de-alcoholised wines with different polyphenol content on DNA oxidative damage, gene expression of peripheral lymphocytes, and haemorheology: an intervention study in post-menopausal women

Author

Giovannelli, Lisa, primary, Pitozzi, Vanessa, additional, Luceri, Cristina, additional, Giannini, Lucia, additional, Toti, Simona, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Sera, Francesco, additional, Souquet, Jean-Marc, additional, Cheynier, Veronique, additional, Sofi, Francesco, additional, Mannini, Lucia, additional, Gori, Anna Maria, additional, Abbate, Rosanna, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, and Dolara, Piero, additional

Published
2010
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38. Anthropometric and dietary determinants of blood pressure in over 7000 Mediterranean women: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Florence cohort

Author

Masala, Giovanna, primary, Bendinelli, Benedetta, additional, Versari, Daniele, additional, Saieva, Calogero, additional, Ceroti, Marco, additional, Santagiuliana, Federica, additional, Caini, Saverio, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Sera, Francesco, additional, Taddei, Stefano, additional, Ghiadoni, Lorenzo, additional, and Palli, Domenico, additional

Published
2008
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39. Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Risk: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Lahmann, Petra H., primary, Friedenreich, Christine, additional, Schuit, A. Jantine, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Allen, Naomi E., additional, Key, Tim J., additional, Khaw, Kay-Tee, additional, Bingham, Sheila, additional, Peeters, Petra H.M., additional, Monninkhof, Evelyn, additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, additional, Wirfält, Elisabet, additional, Manjer, Jonas, additional, Gonzales, Carlos A., additional, Ardanaz, Eva, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Quirós, José R., additional, Navarro, Carmen, additional, Martinez, Carmen, additional, Berrino, Franco, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Panico, Salvatore, additional, Vineis, Paolo, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Bamia, Christina, additional, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Schulz, Mandy, additional, Linseisen, Jakob, additional, Chang-Claude, Jenny, additional, Chapelon, Francoise Clavel, additional, Fournier, Agnès, additional, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Føns Johnson, Nina, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, and Riboli, Elio, additional

Published
2007
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41. Epic-Italy Cohorts and Multipurpose National Surveys. A Comparison of Some Socio-Demographic and Life-Style Characteristics

Author

Calza, Stefano, primary, Specchia, Claudia, additional, Frasca, Graziella, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Fiorini, Laura, additional, Galasso, Rocco, additional, Ciardullo, Anna Vittoria, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, Sieri, Sabina, additional, and Decarli, Adriano, additional

Published
2003
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42. Diet in the Italian Epic Cohorts: Presentation of Data and Methodological Issues

Author

Pala, Valeria, primary, Sieri, Sabina, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Berrino, Franco, additional, Bellegotti, Manuela, additional, Frasca, Graziella, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Fiorini, Laura, additional, Celentano, Egidio, additional, Galasso, Rocco, additional, and Krogh, Vittorio, additional

Published
2003
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43. Physical Activity in the EPIC-Italy Centers

Author

Salvini, Simonetta, primary, Saieva, Calogero, additional, Ciardullo, Anna Vittoria, additional, Panico, Salvatore, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Assedi, Melania, additional, Berrino, Franco, additional, Pala, Valeria, additional, Frasca, Graziella, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Veglia, Fabrizio, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, and Palli, Domenico, additional

Published
2003
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44. Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene and t, t-Muconic ACID as Biomarkers of Exposure to Environmental Pollutants in Two Areas in Italy (Epic-Florence and Ragusa)

Author

Saieva, Calogero, primary, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Frasca, Graziella, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Giurdanella, Maria Concetta, additional, Cerati, Marco, additional, Perico, Andrea, additional, Zanna, Ines, additional, Cordopatri, Giovanna, additional, Bevazzano, Paolo, additional, and Palli, Domenico, additional

Published
2003
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45. The Florence City Sample: Dietary and Life-Style Habits of a Representative Sample of Adult Residents. A Comparison with the Epic-Florence Volunteers

Author

Masala, Giovanna, primary, Assedi, Melania, additional, Saieva, Calogero, additional, Salvini, Simonetta, additional, Cordopatri, Giovanna, additional, Ermini, Ilaria, additional, del Carmen Martinez, Maria, additional, Tanzini, Donata, additional, Zacchi, Silvia, additional, Cerati, Marco, additional, and Palli, Domenico, additional

Published
2003
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