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721 results on '"Salvi, R."'

1. Auscultation System for Acquisition of Vascular Sounds – Towards Sound-Based Monitoring of the Carotid Artery

Author

Sühn T, Spiller M, Salvi R, Hellwig S, Boese A, Illanes A, and Friebe M

Subjects
stenosis, screening, computer assisted auscultation, vascular disease, bruit, long-term monitoring, heart sound, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Thomas Sühn,1 Moritz Spiller,1 Rutuja Salvi,2 Stefan Hellwig,2 Axel Boese,1 Alfredo Illanes,1 Michael Friebe1 1INKA - Innovation Laboratory for Image Guided Therapy, Medizinische Fakultät, Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität, Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany; 2IDTM GmbH, Castrop-Rauxel, Nordrhein-Westfalen, GermanyCorrespondence: Thomas Sühn Email thomas.suehn@med.ovgu.deIntroduction: Atherosclerotic diseases of the carotid are a primary cause of cerebrovascular events such as stroke. For the diagnosis and monitoring angiography, ultrasound- or magnetic resonance-based imaging is used which requires costly hardware. In contrast, the auscultation of carotid sounds and screening for bruits – audible patterns related to turbulent blood flow – is a simple examination with comparably little technical demands. It can indicate atherosclerotic diseases and justify further diagnostics but is currently subjective and examiner dependent.Methods: We propose an easy-to-use computer-assisted auscultation system for a stable and reproducible acquisition of vascular sounds of the carotid. A dedicated skin-transducer-interface was incorporated into a handheld device. The interface comprises two bell-shaped structures, one with additional acoustic membrane, to ensure defined skin contact and a stable propagation path of the sound. The device is connected wirelessly to a desktop application allowing real-time visualization, assessment of signal quality and input of supplementary information along with storage of recordings in a database. An experimental study with 5 healthy subjects was conducted to evaluate usability and stability of the device. Five recordings per carotid served as data basis for a wavelet-based analysis of the stability of spectral characteristics of the recordings.Results: The energy distribution of the wavelet-based stationary spectra proved stable for measurements of a particular carotid with the majority of the energy located between 3 and 40 Hz. Different spectral properties of the carotids of one individual indicate the presence of sound characteristics linked to the particular vessel. User-dependent parameters such as variations of the applied contact pressure appeared to have minor influence on the general stability.Conclusion: The system provides a platform for reproducible carotid auscultation and the creation of a database of pathological vascular sounds, which is a prerequisite to investigate sound-based vascular monitoring.Keywords: stenosis, screening, computer-assisted auscultation, vascular disease, bruit, long-term monitoring, heart sound

Published
2020

10. Tinnitus and tinnitus disorder: Theoretical and operational definitions (an international multidisciplinary proposal)

Author

De Ridder, D. Schlee, W. Vanneste, S. Londero, A. Weisz, N. Kleinjung, T. Shekhawat, G.S. Elgoyhen, A.B. Song, J.-J. Andersson, G. Adhia, D. de Azevedo, A.A. Baguley, D.M. Biesinger, E. Binetti, A.C. Del Bo, L. Cederroth, C.R. Cima, R. Eggermont, J.J. Figueiredo, R. Fuller, T.E. Gallus, S. Gilles, A. Hall, D.A. Van de Heyning, P. Hoare, D.J. Khedr, E.M. Kikidis, D. Kleinstaeuber, M. Kreuzer, P.M. Lai, J.-T. Lainez, J.M. Landgrebe, M. Li, L.P.-H. Lim, H.H. Liu, T.-C. Lopez-Escamez, J.A. Mazurek, B. Moller, A.R. Neff, P. Pantev, C. Park, S.N. Piccirillo, J.F. Poeppl, T.B. Rauschecker, J.P. Salvi, R. Sanchez, T.G. Schecklmann, M. Schiller, A. Searchfield, G.D. Tyler, R. Vielsmeier, V. Vlaeyen, J.W.S. Zhang, J. Zheng, Y. de Nora, M. Langguth, B.

Subjects
otorhinolaryngologic diseases
Abstract

As for hypertension, chronic pain, epilepsy and other disorders with particular symptoms, a commonly accepted and unambiguous definition provides a common ground for researchers and clinicians to study and treat the problem. The WHO's ICD11 definition only mentions tinnitus as a nonspecific symptom of a hearing disorder, but not as a clinical entity in its own right, and the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-V doesn't mention tinnitus at all. Here we propose that the tinnitus without and with associated suffering should be differentiated by distinct terms: “Tinnitus” for the former and “Tinnitus Disorder” for the latter. The proposed definition then becomes “Tinnitus is the conscious awareness of a tonal or composite noise for which there is no identifiable corresponding external acoustic source, which becomes Tinnitus Disorder “when associated with emotional distress, cognitive dysfunction, and/or autonomic arousal, leading to behavioural changes and functional disability.”. In other words “Tinnitus” describes the auditory or sensory component, whereas “Tinnitus Disorder” reflects the auditory component and the associated suffering. Whereas acute tinnitus may be a symptom secondary to a trauma or disease, chronic tinnitus may be considered a primary disorder in its own right. If adopted, this will advance the recognition of tinnitus disorder as a primary health condition in its own right. The capacity to measure the incidence, prevalence, and impact will help in identification of human, financial, and educational needs required to address acute tinnitus as a symptom but chronic tinnitus as a disorder. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2021

12. Hyperacusis in Fragile X model of autism and chronic stress-induced hyperacusis.

Author

Salvi, R.

Subjects
*ADRENOCORTICAL hormones, *HYPERACUSIS, *AUTISM, *FRAGILE X syndrome, *CONFERENCES & conventions, *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, *ASPERGER'S syndrome
Abstract

Objective 1 Introduction: The biological mechanisms underlying hyperacusis are poorly understood, but medical conditions and genetic factors associated with this disorder could provide insights on underlying causes and treatments. Human investigations suggest that chronic stress may contribute to hyperacusis, but experimental evidence for this view is limited. Material and methods: We pharmacologically induced chronic stress in rats by chronically administering corticos-terone (CORT) stress hormone in drinking water. Loudness measures were obtained by measuring rat reaction time-intensity (RT-I) functions before and after chronic CORT treatment. Results and conclusions: CORT treatment significantly reduced reaction times at suprathreshold intensities, behavioral evidence of loudness hyperacusis. Electrophysiological studies showed no change in the neural output of the cochlea in CORT-treated rats; however, sound evoked neural responses from higher auditory centers were significantly enhanced, evidence of sound-evoked neural hyperactivity in the central auditory pathway. Rats were tested for sound avoidance hyperacusis using an Active Sound Avoidance Paradigm (ASAP) in which sounds of increasing intensity were used to "drive" a rat from a preferred dark enclosure to a bright, open "avoidance" arena. Following Chronic CORT treatment, a 90 dB broadband noise was much more effective in "driving" the rat from the preferred dark enclosure into the bright, open "avoidance" arena, evidence that chronic stress had induced sound avoidance hyperacusis. Objective 2 Introduction: Many individuals with autism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit hyperacusis. Fragile X (FX) syndrome, a leading genetic cause of ASD, is associated with CGG expansions near the Fmrl gene resulting in FMRP protein deficiency. Material and methods: We tested for loudness hyperacusis in FX syndrome by comparing RT-I loudness growth functions from male rats lacking the Fmrl gene with WT rats. Results and conclusions: Fmrl knockout and WT rats had similar thresholds in quiet, however, Fmrl knockout rats had significantly shorter reaction times at suprathreshold intensities than WT rats for pure tones and broadband noise, behavioral evidence of loudness hyperacusis in Fmrl knockout rats. Temporal integration of loudness was evaluated by measuring reaction time as a function of stimulus duration. Reaction times decreased as duration increased from 50 to 300 ms in WT rats, evidence of temporal integration of loudness. Reaction time in Fmrl knockout rats were shorter than WT rats and RTs showed little change with duration, evidence of aberrant temporal integration in Fmrl rats. The MTEP-mGlu5 receptor has been implicated in autism. To investigate its role in hyperacusis, reaction-time intensity functions were measured in Fmrl knockout rat and WT rats before and after treatment with an MTEP mGlu5 receptor antagonist. The MTEP mGlu5 receptor antagonist had no effect on the reaction times of WT rats, whereas it dose-dependently increased reaction times in Fmrl KO rats to values similar to those WT rats. These results suggest that MTEP-mGlu5 antagonists might be clinically effective at suppressing loudness hyperacusis in individuals with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

16. Lung cancer management: challenges in elderly patients

Author

Mollica, M., Salvi, R., Paoli, G., Graziani, V., Cerqua, F. S., Iadevaia, C., Lavoretano, S., Vito D'Agnano, Rocco, D., Fiorelli, A., Tranfa, C. M., Bianco, A., Perrotta, F., Mollica, M, Salvi, R, Paoli, G, Graziani, V, Cerqua, F, Iadevaia, C, Lavoretano, S, D'Agnano, V, Rocco, D, Fiorelli, A, Tranfa, Cm, Bianco, A, and Perrotta, F

Subjects
Elderly, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, Surgery, Immunotherapy, Lung cancer
Abstract

Elderly patients represent the majority of lung cancer cases, but they are often under-represented in clinical cancer treatment trials or excluded from studies because of comorbidities. Due to lack of data, treatment options for this population must be carefully evaluated and preliminary assessment should aim to stratify patients into different risk subgroups. In early NSCLC stages, surgery remains the best therapeutic option in low-moderate risk patients. Conversely, in patients unfit for surgery or in advanced stages, chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be considered as they may offer benefits in terms of clinical outcomes. Recent developments in targeting driver genes mutations as well as immune checkpoints have opened novel horizon in lung cancer management and systematic investigation in elderly population is required. In this review, we examined the more recent results of the literature about the therapeutic scenario in limited and advanced lung cancer stages in elderly and very elderly population.

Published
2019

22. Delta-operator formulated discrete-time approximations of continuous-time systems

Author

Premaratne, K., Salvi, R., Habib, N.R., and LeGall, J.P.

Subjects
Discrete-time systems -- Research, Algorithms -- Usage
Abstract

Given a continuous-time system, a technique to directly obtain an approximate delta-operator formulated discrete-time system (Delta-system) is presented. For this purpose, the analog of the well known Boxer-Thaler integrators (q-forms) applicable to shift-operator formulated discrete-time systems (q-systems) are derived for Delta-systems. Next, using these Delta-forms, a method to obtain an approximate Delta-system of a given continuous-time system is derived. This algorithm is easily implementable in a computer with little computational burden. It is shown that, as sampling time decreases, the Delta-system thus obtained yields the given continuous-time system further verifying the close equivalence between this formulation and continuous-time systems. Two examples illustrating advantages that may be gained by utilizing these Delta-forms in digitizing analog systems are also included.

Published
1994

27. Introduction

Author

IURATO, S., HENDERSON, D., QUARANTA, A., and SALVI, R. J.

Published
1999

31. A Remedial Program for Undergraduate Evening Students

Author

Di Salvi, R. Daniel

Abstract

It was demonstrated that evening students will voluntarily participate in a reading-study skills program, and that participation is accompanied by changes in the direction of improvement in academic performance. (Author/EB)

Published
1971

35. Aspirin for preventing the recurrence of venous thromboembolism

Author

Agnelli, G, Becattini, C, Prandoni, P, Ageno, W, Cimminiello, C, Eichinger, S, Duranti, M, Radicchia, S, Guercini, F, Vedovati, M, Tormene, D, Perlati, M, Poggio, R, Leischer, L, Bucherini, E, Galimberti, D, Leone, M, Beretta, A, Carugati, A, Braham, S, Romualdi, E, Tiscia, G, Colaizzo, D, Grilli, M, Salvi, R, Miccio, M, Ria, L, Zanatta, N, Poli, D, Camporese, G, Verlato, F, Salvia, A, Nitti, C, Santi, R, Scannapieco, G, Barillari, G, Pasca, S, De Gaudenzi, E, Cappelli, R, Di Minno, G, Tufano, A, Frausini, G, Bova, C, Pogliani, E, Signorelli, S, Alatri, A, Grifoni, S, Lodigiani, C., BARBARO, Salvatore, SIRAGUSA, Sergio, TESTA, Silvia, MANCUSO, Gaetano, Agnelli, G, Becattini, C, Prandoni, P, Ageno, W, Cimminiello, C, Eichinger, S, Duranti, M, Radicchia, S, Guercini, F, Vedovati, M, Tormene, D, Perlati, M, Barbaro, S, Poggio, R, Leischer, L, Bucherini, E, Galimberti, D, Leone, M, Beretta, A, Carugati, A, Braham, S, Romualdi, E, Tiscia, G, Colaizzo, D, Grilli, M, Siragusa, S, Salvi, R, Miccio, M, Ria, L, Zanatta, N, Poli, D, Camporese, G, Verlato, F, Salvia, A, Nitti, C, Santi, R, Scannapieco, G, Barillari, G, Pasca, S, De Gaudenzi, E, Cappelli, R, Di Minno, G, Tufano, A, Frausini, G, Bova, C, Pogliani, E, Signorelli, S, Testa, S, Alatri, A, Mancuso, G, Grifoni, S, and Lodigiani, C

Subjects
aspirin, venous thrombosis
Published
2012

44. The Pupils of Tampere

Author

Camiz, Sergio, Castorina, A., Salvi, R., and Todisco, E.

Published
2005

45. Section 2. Business and Organizations

Author

Bowker, Janet, Salvi, R., Incelli, E., and Pontesilli, A.

Subjects
Social sciences, English for Specific Purposes, scientific, academic and professional discourse, text analysis
Published
2004

49. Protecting the Inner Ear from Acoustic Trauma

Author

Salvi, R. J., Shulman, A., Stracher, A., Ding, D., and Jian Wang

Abstract

Calcium activated proteases, or calpains, play an important role in neurodegeneration. In some cases, neural degeneration can be significantly reduced by leupeptin, a potent calpain inhibitor. To determine if leupeptin could protect against noise-induced hearing loss and hair cell loss, we infused leupeptin into scala tympani of one cochlea before, during and after a 14-day exposure to a 100 dB SPL, octave band noise centered at 4.0 kHz. Hearing loss, assessed with the auditory evoked response, was less in the leupeptin-treated ear than in the control ear during the early stage of recovery from acoustic trauma. In addition, hair cell loss in the leupeptin-treated ear was significantly less than in the control ear. These preliminary results suggest that leupeptin may protect against noise-induced hearing loss.

Published
2001

50. Aspirin for Preventing the Recurrence of Venous Thromboembolism

Author

Becattini, C, Agnelli, G, Schenone, A, Eichinger, S, Bucherini, E, Silingardi, M, Bianchi, M, Moia, M, Ageno, W, Vandelli, M, Grandone, E, Prandoni, P, Duranti, M, Radicchia, S, Guercini, F, Vedovati, M, Tormene, D, Perlati, M, Barbar, S, Poggio, R, Leischer, L, Galimberti, D, Leone, M, Beretta, A, Carugati, A, Braham, S, Romualdi, E, Tiscia, G, Colaizzo, D, Grilli, M, Siragusa, S, Salvi, R, Miccio, M, Ria, L, Zanatta, N, Poli, D, Camporese, G, Verlato, F, Salvi, A, Nitti, C, Santi, R, Cimminiello, C, Scannapieco, G, Barillari, G, Pasca, S, De Gaudenzi, E, Cappelli, R, Di Minno, G, Tufano, A, Frausini, G, Bova, C, Pogliani, E, Signorelli, S, Testa, S, Alatri, A, Mancuso, G, Grifoni, S, Lodigiani, C, Vedovati, MC, Leone, MF, Signorelli, SS, Lodigiani, C., BIANCHI, MARCO STEFANO, Becattini, C, Agnelli, G, Schenone, A, Eichinger, S, Bucherini, E, Silingardi, M, Bianchi, M, Moia, M, Ageno, W, Vandelli, M, Grandone, E, Prandoni, P, Duranti, M, Radicchia, S, Guercini, F, Vedovati, M, Tormene, D, Perlati, M, Barbar, S, Poggio, R, Leischer, L, Galimberti, D, Leone, M, Beretta, A, Carugati, A, Braham, S, Romualdi, E, Tiscia, G, Colaizzo, D, Grilli, M, Siragusa, S, Salvi, R, Miccio, M, Ria, L, Zanatta, N, Poli, D, Camporese, G, Verlato, F, Salvi, A, Nitti, C, Santi, R, Cimminiello, C, Scannapieco, G, Barillari, G, Pasca, S, De Gaudenzi, E, Cappelli, R, Di Minno, G, Tufano, A, Frausini, G, Bova, C, Pogliani, E, Signorelli, S, Testa, S, Alatri, A, Mancuso, G, Grifoni, S, Lodigiani, C, Vedovati, MC, Leone, MF, Signorelli, SS, Lodigiani, C., and BIANCHI, MARCO STEFANO

Abstract

BACKGROUND: About 20% of patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism have a recurrence within 2 years after the withdrawal of oral anticoagulant therapy. Extending anticoagulation prevents recurrences but is associated with increased bleeding. The benefit of aspirin for the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism is unknown. METHODS:In this multicenter, investigator-initiated, double-blind study, patients with first-ever unprovoked venous thromboembolism who had completed 6 to 18 months of oral anticoagulant treatment were randomly assigned to aspirin, 100 mg daily, or placebo for 2 years, with the option of extending the study treatment. The primary efficacy outcome was recurrence of venous thromboembolism, and major bleeding was the primary safety outcome. RESULTS:Venous thromboembolism recurred in 28 of the 205 patients who received aspirin and in 43 of the 197 patients who received placebo (6.6% vs. 11.2% per year; hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36 to 0.93) (median study period, 24.6 months). During a median treatment period of 23.9 months, 23 patients taking aspirin and 39 taking placebo had a recurrence (5.9% vs. 11.0% per year; hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.92). One patient in each treatment group had a major bleeding episode. Adverse events were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Aspirin reduced the risk of recurrence when given to patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism who had discontinued anticoagulant treatment, with no apparent increase in the risk of major bleeding. (Funded by the University of Perugia and others; WARFASA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00222677.)

Published
2012

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