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Abstract Soil salinity is a major environmental stressor impacting global food production. Staple crops like wheat experience significant yield losses in saline environments. Bioprospecting for beneficial microbes associated with stress-resistant plants offers a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture. We isolated two novel endophytic bacteria, Bacillus cereus (ADJ1) and Priestia aryabhattai (ADJ6), from Agave desmettiana Jacobi. Both strains displayed potent plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, such as producing high amounts of indole-3-acetic acid (9.46, 10.00 µgml−1), ammonia (64.67, 108.97 µmol ml−1), zinc solubilization (Index of 3.33, 4.22, respectively), ACC deaminase production and biofilm formation. ADJ6 additionally showed inorganic phosphate solubilization (PSI of 2.77), atmospheric nitrogen fixation, and hydrogen cyanide production. Wheat seeds primed with these endophytes exhibited enhanced germination, improved growth profiles, and significantly increased yields in field trials. Notably, both ADJ1 and ADJ6 tolerated high salinity (up to 1.03 M) and significantly improved wheat germination and seedling growth under saline stress, acting both independently and synergistically. This study reveals promising stress-tolerance traits within endophytic bacteria from A. desmettiana. Exploiting such under-explored plant microbiomes offers a sustainable approach to developing salt-tolerant crops, mitigating the impact of climate change-induced salinization on global food security.

Botany Department, Nusrat Jahan College, Rabwah, Chenab Nagar conducted a research activity on examining the impact of salt tolerant rhizosphere bacteria: "Halomonas" and "Bacillus" (taken from National agriculture research center "NARC" Islamabad) on "AKBAR" wheat variety (taken from AYUB Research Center Faisalabad) grown in saline soil. Saline soil of Chenab Nagar was taken and was divided into four sets of bacterial treatments before seed sowing: T0=830g soil with no bacterial mixing, T1=2x10-2 CFU/ml of each bacteria mixed with 830g soil.T2=4x10-2 CFU/ml of each bacteria mixed with 830g soil and T3=6x10-2 CFU/ml of each bacteria mixed with 830g soil in containers. All treatments had 4 replicates each. After bacterial treatments, four seeds of wheat per container were sown in all treatments and their replicates. Wheat seedlings were harvested at 31st day of sowing. After harvest wheat shoots and roots were separately grinded, centrifuged and preserved in 50mM potassium phosphate buffer. The preserved material was used for various stress physiological tests. Soil was physiochemical and microbiologically analyzed before sowing and after harvest. Data of all types of tests was statistically analyzed by R studio 7.01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A new denitrifying bacterium strain ASM-2-3 was isolated from the Ariake Sea tideland, Japan. The isolate had the capability to fully remove as high as 225.8 mg nitrate-nitrogen ·l−1 under stationary culture conditions without accumulation of nitrite as an intermediate. From biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, the genus of the bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas and close to stutzeri species. The nitrate removal efficiency of the isolate was faster than that of the control strain Pseudomonas stutzeri NBRC 14165, using succinate as the sole carbon source. The isolate could grow in up to 10% (w/v) of NaCl containing medium. The enzymatic tests showed that the activity of enzymes responsible for the reduction of nitrate and nitrite in strain ASM-2-3 was 1.4 and 2.3 times higher than that of the control strain. The feasibility of application of the isolate strain ASM-2-3 in a packed bed bioreactor was investigated for 40 d. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Spent regenerant brine from ion-exchange technology for the removal of perchlorate and nitrate produces a high salt waste stream, which requires remediation before disposal. Bioremediation is an attractive treatment option. In this study, we enriched for salt tolerant bacteria from sediments from Cargill salt evaporation facility (California, USA), the Salton Sea (California, USA), and a high density hydrocarbon oxidizing bacterial cocktail. The bacterial cocktail enrichment culture reduced ClO[sup -, sub 4] from 500 to 260 mg/l in 4 weeks. Salt tolerant bacterial isolates from the enrichment cultures and two denitrifying salt tolerant bacteria, Haloferax denitrificans and Paracoccus halodenitrficans, substantially reduced perchlorate. The highest rate of perchlorate removal was recorded with the isolate, Citrobacter sp.: 32% reduction in 1 week. This bacterium substantially reduced perchlorate in 0-5% NaCl solutions and maximally at 30 °C and at an initial pH 7.5. In simulated brines containing 7.5% total solids, the Citrobacter sp. significantly reduced both perchlorate and nitrate with 34.9 and 15.6% reduction, respectively, in 1 week. Coculture of a potent perchlorate reducing, non-salt tolerant (non-saline) bacterium, perclace and the Citrobacter sp. proved most effective for perchlorate removal in the brine (46.4% in 1 week). This study demonstrates that both anions can be reduced in treatment of brines from ion exchange systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]