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399 results on '"Salkinoja-Salonen M"'

13. Firm but slippery attachment of Deinococcus geothermalis

Author

Kolari, M., Schmidt, U., Kuismanen, E., and Salkinoja-Salonen, M. S.

Subjects
Bacteriology -- Research, Microbial mats -- Genetic aspects, Bacteria -- Physiological aspects, Bacterial cell walls -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Research has been conducted on bacterial biofilm Deinococcus geothermalis. The attachment strength of this biofilm has been investigated and the results indicate that the biofilm can resist alkali and detergent washings.

Published
2002

24. A novel sensitive bioassay for detection of Bacillus cereus emetic toxin and related depsipeptide ionophores

Author

Andersson, M.A., Mikkola, R., Helin, J., Andersson, M.C., and Salkinoja-Salonen, M.

Subjects
Microbiological assay -- Research, Bacillus cereus -- Research, Microbial toxins -- Research, Ionophores -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Research was conducted to examine a new, sensitive, inexpensive and rapid bioassay for the detection of the emetic toxin of Bacillus cereus. The novel bioassay is based on the motility loss of boar spermatozoa upon 24 h of exposure to emetic B cereus strains extracts or contaminated food. Results indicate swollen mitochondria of the paralyzed spermatozoa but no epetion of cellular ATP or damage to plasma membrane integrity was observed.

Published
1998

27. Bacteria, molds and toxins in water-damaged building materials

Author

Andersson, M.A., Nikulin, M., Koljalg, U., Andersson, M.C., Rainey, F., Reijula, K., Hintikka, E.-L., and Salkinoja-Salonen, M.

Subjects
Building materials -- Maintenance and repair, Microbial contamination -- Analysis, Microbial toxins -- Evaluation, Biological sciences
Abstract

Water-damaged sites of indoor buildings are heavily colonized by Stachybotrys chartarum, Penicillium, Aspergillus, gram-negative bacteria, mycobacteria and endotoxins. Water extracts of gypsum liners from a water-damaged site show the presence of endotoxins and beta-D-glucan. The methanol extracts of water-damaged gypsum liner contain satratoxin, paralyzing the motility of boar spermatozoa at low concentrations.

Published
1997

42. Brief Reports on All Topics

Author

Alfaro, Guillermo, Arai, Toshihiko, Ando, Takao, Komatsu, Sadao, Komatsu, Yoko, Kobayashi, Akio, Baquero, F., Sanchez, F., Rubio, V., Tenorio, A., Baron, L. S., Kopecko, D. J., Reid, W. C., McCowen, S. M., Barua, D., Richmond, M. H., Bertrand, K., Postle, K., Wray, L., Reznikoff, W., Binns, M. M., Carr, F. P. A., Levine, R. P., Bölin, Ingrid, Engberg, Birgitta, Wolf-Watz, Hans, Burman, Lars G., Lindh, Solveig, Butler, T., Joiner, K., Tally, F., Gorbach, S. L., Malamy, S., Bartlett, J., Cabello, F. C., Aguero, M. E., Cafferkey, M., Dowd, G., Keanne, C., Hone, R., Pomeroy, H., Dougan, G., Carlton, Bruce C., González, José M., Jr., Chassy, Bruce, Rokaw, Enid, Chiang, S. J., Clowes, R. C., Chopra, I., Ball, P. R., Eccles, S. J., Shales, S. W., Clancy, Joanna, Savage, Dwayne C., Coleman, D. C., Delappe, Irving P., De Wilde, Michel, Ysebaert, Marc, Harford, Nigel, Dunny, G., Funk, C., Ehrenfeld, E., Edlund, Thomas, Normark, Staffan, Elwell, Lynn P., Fling, Mary E., Walton, Leslie, Espinosa-Lara, A., Martínez, Figurski, D., Pohlman, R., Bechhofer, D., Prince, A., Kelton, C., Finver, S., Yamamoto, T., Bricker, J., Kaji, A., Franklin, F. C. H., Bagdasarian, M., Bagdasarian, M. M., Timmis, K. N., Frost, Laura, Siminoski, Kerry, Watts, Tania, Worobec, Betty, Paranchych, William, Garcia-Lobo, Juan M., León, Javier, Ortiz, Jose M., Gawron-Burke, C., Franke, A., Gómez-Eichelmann, M. Carmen, Gray, Gary S., Guild, Walter R., Hazum, Shulamith, Smith, Michael D., Cabezon, Teresa, Harnett, N. M., Gyles, C. L., Hogan, J., Kline, B., Högenaur, G., Kricek, F., Ostermann, E., Horodniceanu, Thea, Le Bouguenec, Chantal, Buu-Hoï, Annie, Jackson, W. J., Bohlander, F. A., John, J. F., Newton, C. M., Twitty, J. A., Liu, S.-T., Kagan, Sarah A., Kehoe, M., Sellwood, R., Khatoon, Hajra, Ali, S. Amir, Najeeb, S. M., Takahashi, Shinji, Labigne-Roussel, A., Gerbaud, G., Courvalin, P., Laux, David C., Myhal, M. Lynn, Cohen, Paul S., Lederberg, E. M., Levin, Morris A., Hagiya, M., Kao, J. C., Perry, K. L., Kado, C. I., Evans, R. P., Jones, K. R., Tobian, J. Ash, Marshall, B., Schluederberg, S., Rowse-Eagle, D., Summers, A. O., Levy, S. B., Mays, T. D., Macrina, F. L., Welch, R. A., Smith, C. J., McIntire, Sarah A., Dempsey, Walter B., McMurry, L., Cullinane, J., Petrucci, R., Jr., Levy, S., Medeiros, A. A., Gilleece, E. S., O’Brien, T. F., Mendoza, Alexis, Ramirez, José L., Lemoine, Vidal Rodriguez, Moore, Deanna, Sowa, Blair, Ippen-Ihler, Karin, Moseley, Steve L., Huq, Imdadul, Falkow, Stanley, Davies, John K., Hagblom, Per, Norgren, Mari, Norlander, Lena, Korch, Christopher, O’Reilly, M., Arbuthnott, J. P., Foster, T. J., Palchaudhuri, Sunil, Mitra, Gopa, Irino, Kinue, Peluffo, Ciro A., Perea, E. J., Palomares, J. C., Prieto, Gustavo, Piepersberg, Wolfgang, Martinez, Ada, Vargas, Jeannette, Marin, Carmen, Privitera, Gaetano, Fayolle, Françoise, Sebald, Madeleine, Pruzzo, C., Valisena, S., Debbia, E., Satta, G., Reis, M. H. L., Gomes, T. A. T., Affonso, M. H. T., Trabulsi, L. R., Cavazza, María E., Rodriguez, M., Iyer, V. N., Proctor, G. Neal, Rownd, Robert H., Salkinoja-Salonen, M. S., Paterson, A., Buswell, J., Sanchez, J., Bennett, P. M., Santos, D. S., Tanaka, I. I., Saunders, J. R., Flett, Fiona, Humphreys, G. O., Edlind, Thomas D., Ihler, Garret M., Schaberg, D. R., Clewell, D. B., Glatzer, L., Schmidt, Francis J., Peterson, Virginia E., Schmidt, L., Inselburg, J., Scott, June R., Cowan, Jack A., Sgaramella, V., De Fazio, G., Ferretti, L., Grandi, G., Mottes, M., Palla, E., Stibits, E. Scott, Stieglitz, Heather, Olarte, Jorge, Kupersztoch-Portnoy, Yankel M., Stuy, Johan H., Walter, Ronald B., Tardif, Ginette, Grant, Robert B., Shipley, P. L., Allen, A. D., Swanson, T. N., Torres, Haydée K., Tzelepi, E., Angelatou, F., Kontomichalou, R., Vomvoyani, B., Uhlin, Bernt Eric, Clark, Alvin J., Walker, Graham C., Langer, Pamela J., Shanabruch, William G., Elledge, Stephen J., Winans, Stephen C., Wilson, C. Ron, Skinner, Sarah E., Shaw, William V., Winther, Michael D., Cross, George A. M., Yang, H.-L., Zubay, G., Cashel, M., Yagi, Y., Kessler, R., Brown, B., Lopatin, D., Clewell, D., Levy, Stuart B., Levy, Stuart B., editor, Clowes, Royston C., editor, and Koenig, Ellen L., editor

Published
1981
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44. Vapor as a carrier of toxicity in a health troubled building

Author

Salo, J., Andersson, M. A., Mikkola, R., Laszlo Kredics, Viljanen, M., Salkinoja-Salonen, M., and Department of Food and Nutrition

Subjects
chaetoglobosin, cork insulation, Aspergillus calidoustus, in vitro toxicity, indoor moisture, 212 Civil and Construction engineering, mycotoxin, sick building, airborne toxicity, Aspergillus versicolor, communesin, indoor mold, Penicillium expansum, antifungal
Abstract

Penicillium expansum was identified as a major contaminant in indoor air, settled dust and materials of several buildings connected to indoor air related health complaints. This fungus emitted large quantities of exudates when cultivated on laboratory media. The exudates proved toxic towards four different mammalian test cells up to 10000 fold dilution. Toxins identified by LC-MS/MS were communesins and chaetoglobosin. Air dispersal of the toxic exudates was investigated with an experimental set-up where natural convection was generated by temperature gradient. It was found that the exudate with the contained toxins became airborne transported from the warmer surface to the colder surface. The results thus demonstrate transportation of microbially produced toxic substances across the air space. The role of liquid emissions from indoor molds represents a novel mechanism for human exposure in mold contaminated buildings. In this paper we report that vapor condensed from the indoor air of building affected with molds Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus calidoustus and Penicillium expansum contained substances that were acutely toxic when exposed to mammalian cells in vitro. The results encourage further study of condensed indoor water vapor as a tool to assess the presence of airborne substances with possible adverse health effects.

Published
2015

48. Toxicological profile of cereulide, the Bacillus cereus emetic toxin, in functional assays with human, animal and bacterial cells

Author

Andersson M.A. a, Hakulinen P, b, Honkalampi-Hamalainen U. c, Hoornstra D. a, Lhuguenot J.C. d, Maki-Paakkanen J. b, Savolainen M. e, Severin I. d, Stammati A.L. f, Turco L. f, Weber A. c, von Wright A. c, Zucco F. g, and Salkinoja-Salonen M. a

Subjects
fungi, RNA synthesis, Motility, Neutral red uptake (NRU), Micronucleus assay, Comet test (SCG), bacteria, Cereulide, Ionophore, Potassium carrier, Bacillus cereus, Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity, EROD, CYP1A1, Bioluminescence, Ames test, Vibrio fischeri, HEp-2, HepG2, Hepa-1, Boar sperm
Abstract

Some strains of the endospore-forming bacterium Bacillus cereus produce a heat-stable ionophoric peptide, cereulide, of high human toxicity. We assessed cell toxicity of cereulide by measuring the toxicities of crude extracts of cereulide producing and non-producing strains of B. cereus, and of pure cereulide, using cells of human, animal and bacterial origins. Hepatic cell lines and boar sperm, with cytotoxicity and sperm motility, respectively, as the end points, were inhibited by 1 nM of cereulide present as B. cereus extract. RNA synthesis and cell proliferation in HepG2 cells was inhibited by 2 nM of cereulide. These toxic effects were explainable by the action of cereulide as a high-affinity mobile K+ carrier. Exposure to cereulide containing extracts of B. cereus caused neither activation of CYP1A1 nor genotoxicity (comet assay, micronucleus test) at concentrations below those that were cytotoxic (0.6 nM cereulide). Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation (Ames) test was negative. Exposure of Vibrio fischeri to extracts of B. cereus caused stimulated luminescence up to 600%, independent on the presence of cereulide, but purified cereulide inhibited the luminescence with an IC50% (30 min) of 170 nM. Thus the luminescence-stimulating B. cereus substance(s) masked the toxicity of cereulide in B. cereus extracts to V. fischeri.

Published
2007

50. Microbial toxins in moisture damaged indoor environments and cultural assets

Author

Salkinoja-Salonen, M. S., Peltola, J., Andersson, M. A., and Sáiz-Jiménez, Cesáreo

Abstract

Building, caves and historic items containing materials of biological origins, such as wood, paper, textile may contain microorganisms which emit toxins with human health damaging properties. Investigators, restorers and conservators may get exposed to these toxins via inhaled air and skin contacts if not properly protected. This paper reviews health hazardous substances produced by bacteria and fungi, methods for detection and gives recommedations for protection., The research summarized here was conducted with the support of the Finnish Work Environment Fund (1993-1998), Center of Excellence Fund of Helsinki University (1995-2000) and the Academy of Finland (grants 50733 and the fund for "Microbial Resources"). European Commission (EVK4-CT1999-20001, COALITION).

Published
2003

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