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16. Stabilizing Lithium-Sulfur Cells with Practical Loading and Cycling Conditions Using Li2S8-Containing Ethereal Electrolyte Solution.

Author

Markevich, E., Salitra, G., Yoshida, H., Sawada, S., and Aurbach, D.

Subjects
ELECTROLYTE solutions, SILVER sulfide, LITHIUM sulfur batteries, ENERGY density, ACTIVATED carbon, METALLIC surfaces, SUPERIONIC conductors, SULFIDE ores
Abstract

We report on stabilization of Li–S cells cycled with an areal charge/discharge capacity of 2 mAh cm−2 at current densities of 1–2 mA cm−2 using ethereal LiTFSI/LiNO3/DOL/DME electrolyte solution containing 0.1M Li2S8. This electrolyte solution enables stable lithium metal stripping−plating both in symmetric Li∣Li and full Li–S cells with composite binder free sulfur impregnated activated carbon fibers cathodes. The addition of Li2S8 substantially extends cycling life of these cells due to the formation of smooth non-dendritic Li metal surface protected with an effective SEI enriched with Li sulfides, sulfites and sulfates species. Symmetric Li∣Li could be cycled stably for more than 1000 h at 1–2 mA cm−2 with Li2S8-containing electrolyte solutions. Full Li–S cells demonstrate more than 500 stable cycles (at least 3 times more than with Li2S8 free electrolyte solution) at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 and an areal capacity of 2 mAh cm−2. The most stable cycling results were achieved for the cells cycled with discharge cut off voltage of 1.9 V preventing the depletion of LiNO3. The use of electrolyte solutions containing liquid lithium poly-sulfides makes possible considerable decrease in the amount of the electrolyte solution and increases the energy density of the cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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28. Review--On the Mechanism of Quasi-Solid-State Lithiation of Sulfur Encapsulated in Microporous Carbons: Is the Existence of Small Sulfur Molecules Necessary?

Author

Markevich, E., Salitra, G., Talyosef, Y., Chesneau, F., and Aurbach, D.

Subjects
LITHIATION, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SULFUR
Abstract

In this work we analyzed the phenomenon of quasi solid state (QSS) lithiation of sulfur-carbon (S/C) composite electrodes with sulfur confined in the micropores of carbon matrices based on our recent studies and data published in literature. We demonstrated that the existence of sulfur in the form of small molecules is not a necessary condition for the realization of QSS mechanism. QSS operation behavior was demonstrated both for carbons with small up to 1nm micropores and for carbons with larger pore size up to 2-3 nm. A key role in the operation of S/C electrodes via a QSS mechanism plays surface electrolyte interphase (SEI) which is formed on the surface of S/C composite during the initial discharge. The formation of SEI was supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. Small pore size (up to 1 nm) of the carbon matrices has a positive effect on the cycling of S/C electrodes. A superior cycling performance for more than 3500 charge-discharge cycles was demonstrated for S/C composite electrodes based on carbons synthesized by carbonization of polyvinylidene dichloride (PVDC) resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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