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1. Reply to Comment by Zhang on 'Exploring the Influence of Smallholders' Perceptions Regarding Water Availability on Crop Choice and Water Allocation Through Socio‐hydrological Modeling'

Author

Kuil, L., Evans, T., McCord, P. F., Salinas, J. L., and Blöschl, G.

Subjects
Reply, Water Management, Informatics, Human Impact, Drought, Regional Planning, Modeling, Hydrological, Human Impacts, Policy Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Modeling, Natural Hazards
Abstract

Zhang (2019, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.v54.4) criticizes several of the assumptions and parameter choices of the model of Kuil et al. (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021420) and claims that, due to an inconsistency in the irrigation equation, the key findings should be interpreted with much caution. We address each of the comments and show that the conclusions of Kuil et al. (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021420) remain fully valid., Key Points We show that the assumptions and parameter choices can be justified in the light of the purpose of the model and the existing literatureWe demonstrate that the conclusions presented in Kuil et al. (2018) remain fully validWe maintain that the results are fully replicable if a similar amount of irrigation is applied

Published
2019

3. Prediction of floods in ungauged basins

Author

Rosbjerg, D., primary, Blöschl, G., additional, Burn, D. H., additional, Castellarin, A., additional, Croke, B., additional, Di Baldassarre, G., additional, Iacobellis, V., additional, Kjeldsen, T. R., additional, Kuczera, G., additional, Merz, R., additional, Montanari, A., additional, Morris, D., additional, Ouarda, T. B. M. J., additional, Ren, L., additional, Rogger, M., additional, Salinas, J. L., additional, Toth, E., additional, and Viglione, A., additional

Published
2013
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4. Prediction of seasonal runoff in ungauged basins

Author

Weingartner, R., primary, Blöschl, G., additional, Hannah, D. M., additional, Marks, D. G., additional, Parajka, J., additional, Pearson, C. S., additional, Rogger, M., additional, Salinas, J. L., additional, Sauquet, E., additional, Srikanthan, R., additional, Thompson, S. E., additional, and Viglione, A., additional

Published
2013
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5. Land use change impacts on floods at the catchment scale: Challenges and opportunities for future research

Author

Rogger, M., Agnoletti, M., Alaoui, A., Bathurst, J. C., Bodner, G., Borga, M., Chaplot, V., Gallart, F., Glatzel, G., Hall, J., Holden, J., Holko, L., Horn, R., Kiss, A., Kohnová, S., Leitinger, G., Lennartz, B., Parajka, J., Perdigão, R., Peth, S., Plavcová, L., Quinton, J. N., Robinson, M., Salinas, J. L., Santoro, A., Szolgay, J., Tron, S., van den Akker, J. J. H., Viglione, A., Blöschl, G., Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), University of Bern, School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences [Newcastle], Newcastle University [Newcastle], Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Department of Land and Agroforest Environment, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Biogéochimie-Traceurs-Paléoclimat (BTP), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of Science [Bratislava] (SAS), Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Institute for Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Austrian Science Funds . Grant Numbers: W1219‐N22 , P 23723‐N21, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences [Wien] (BOKU), Université médicale de Vienne, Autriche, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636))

Subjects
catchment scale, floods, land use change, Catchment scale, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Anthropogenic Effects, Anoxic Environments, Catchment, Bodem, Water en Landgebruik, Floods, Oceanography: Biological and Chemical, Soil, Water and Land Use, Paleoceanography, Commentaries, Hydrological, Hydrology, Water Science and Technology, Land use change, Natural Hazards
Abstract

Research gaps in understanding flood changes at the catchment scale caused by changes in forest management, agricultural practices, artificial drainage, and terracing are identified. Potential strategies in addressing these gaps are proposed, such as complex systems approaches to link processes across time scales, long‐term experiments on physical‐chemical‐biological process interactions, and a focus on connectivity and patterns across spatial scales. It is suggested that these strategies will stimulate new research that coherently addresses the issues across hydrology, soil and agricultural sciences, forest engineering, forest ecology, and geomorphology., Key Points Land use change impacts on floods are poorly understood at the catchment scaleNumerous synergies are identified in exploring the effects of changed agricultural practices, artif. drainage, terracing, and forest coverA cross‐disciplinary systems approach aided by long‐term field studies and a focus on flow connectivity are needed to make major advances

Published
2017
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6. Regional parent flood frequency distributions in Europe – Part 1: Is the GEV model suitable as a pan-European parent?

Author

Salinas, J. L., Castellarin, A., Viglione, A., Kohnová, S., Kjeldsen, T. R., J. L. Salina, A. Castellarin, A. Viglione, S. Kohnová, and T. R. Kjeldsen

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, EUROPE, lcsh:T, REGIONAL FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, L-MOMENTS, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:TD1-1066, lcsh:G, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Water Science and Technology, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

This study addresses the question of the existence of a parent flood frequency distribution on a European scale. A new database of L-moment ratios of flood annual maximum series (AMS) from 4105 catchments was compiled by joining 13 national data sets. Simple exploration of the database presents the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution as a potential pan-European flood frequency distribution, being the three-parameter statistical model that with the closest resemblance to the estimated average of the sample L-moment ratios. Additional Monte Carlo simulations show that the variability in terms of sample skewness and kurtosis present in the data is larger than in a hypothetical scenario where all the samples were drawn from a GEV model. Overall, the generalized extreme value distribution fails to represent the kurtosis dispersion, especially for the longer sample lengths and medium to high skewness values, and therefore may be rejected in a statistical hypothesis testing framework as a single pan-European parent distribution for annual flood maxima. The results presented in this paper suggest that one single statistical model may not be able to fit the entire variety of flood processes present at a European scale, and presents an opportunity to further investigate the catchment and climatic factors controlling European flood regimes and their effects on the underlying flood frequency distributions.

Published
2014
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7. An evaluation of analytical stream to groundwater exchange models: a comparison of gross exchanges based on different spatial flow distribution assumptions

Author

Exner-Kittridge, M., Salinas, J. L., and Zessner, M.

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, lcsh:G, lcsh:T, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:TD1-1066, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

In this paper, a new method for estimating gross gains and losses between streams and groundwater is developed and evaluated against two existing approaches. These three stream to groundwater exchange (SGE) estimation methods are distinct in their assumptions on the spatial distribution of the inflowing and outflowing fluxes along the stream. The two existing methods assume that the fluxes are independent and in a specific sequence, while the third and newly derived method assumes that both fluxes occur simultaneously and uniformly throughout the stream. The analytic expressions in connection to the underlying assumptions are investigated through numerical stream simulations to evaluate the individual and mutual dynamics of the SGE estimation methods and to understand the causes for the differences in performance. The results show that the three methods produce significantly different results and that the mean absolute normalized error can have up to an order of magnitude difference between the methods. These differences between the SGE methods are entirely due to the assumptions of the SGE spatial dynamics of the methods, and the performance for a particular approach strongly decreases if its assumptions are not fulfilled. The assessment of the three methods through numerical simulations, representing a variety of SGE dynamics, shows that the method introduced, considering simultaneous stream gains and losses, presents overall the highest performance according to the simulations. As the existing methods provide the minimum and maximum realistic values of SGE within a stream reach, all three methods could be used in conjunction for a full range of estimates. These SGE methods can also be used in conjunction with other end-member mixing models to acquire even more hydrologic information as both require the same type of input data.

Published
2014

8. Land use change impacts on floods at the catchment scale:challenges and opportunities for future research

Author

Rogger, M., Agnoletti, M., Alaoui, A., Bathurst, J. C., Bodner, G., Borga, M., Chaplot, V., Gallart, F., Glatzel, G., Holko, L., Horn, R., Kiss, A., Kohnová, S., Leitinger, G., Lennartz, B., Parajka, J., Perdigão, R., Peth, S., Plavcová, L., Quinton, J. N., Salinas, J. L., Santoro, A., Szolgay, J., Tron, S., van den Akker, J. J. H., Viglione, A., Blöschl, G., Rogger, M., Agnoletti, M., Alaoui, A., Bathurst, J. C., Bodner, G., Borga, M., Chaplot, V., Gallart, F., Glatzel, G., Holko, L., Horn, R., Kiss, A., Kohnová, S., Leitinger, G., Lennartz, B., Parajka, J., Perdigão, R., Peth, S., Plavcová, L., Quinton, J. N., Salinas, J. L., Santoro, A., Szolgay, J., Tron, S., van den Akker, J. J. H., Viglione, A., and Blöschl, G.

Abstract

Research gaps in understanding flood changes at the catchment scale caused by changes in forest management, agricultural practices, artificial drainage, and terracing are identified. Potential strategies in addressing these gaps are proposed, such as complex systems approaches to link processes across time scales, long-term experiments on physical-chemical-biological process interactions, and a focus on connectivity and patterns across spatial scales. It is suggested that these strategies will stimulate new research that coherently addresses the issues across hydrology, soil and agricultural sciences, forest engineering, forest ecology, and geomorphology.

Published
2017

10. Influenza dei fattori climatici, orografici e topografici sul regime di frequenza delle piene nel Triveneto

Author

PERSIANO, SIMONE, CASTELLARIN, ATTILIO, DOMENEGHETTI, ALESSIO, BRATH, ARMANDO, Salinas, J. L., Castellarin, A., Archetti, R., Baratti, E., Cappelletti, M., Carisi, F., Domeneghetti, A., Gaeta, M.G., Paci, A., Persiano, S., Pugliese, A., Samaras, A.G., Salinas, J.L., and Brath, A.

Subjects
serie AMS (Annual Maximum Series), approccio RoI (Region of Influence), Portate al colmo di piena, cambiamenti climatici
Published
2016

11. Understanding flood regime changes in Europe: a state-of-the-art assessment

Author

Hall, J., Arheimer, B., Borga, M., Brázdil, R., Claps, P., Kiss, A., Kjeldsen, T. R., Kriauand#269, iand#363, nienand#279, Kundzewicz, Z. W., Lang, M., Llasat, M. C., Macdonald, N., McIntyre, N., Mediero, L., Merz, B., Merz, R., Molnar, P., Montanari, A., Neuhold, C., Parajka, J., Perdigão, R. A. P., Plavcová, L., Rogger, M., Salinas, J. L., Sauquet, E., Schär, C., Szolgay, J., Viglione, A., and Blöschl, G.

Subjects
ddc:550
Published
2014

13. Runoff Prediction in Ungauged Basins Synthesis across Processes, Places and Scales

Author

Dunne, T, Blöschl, G, Sivapalan, M, Wagener, T, Viglione, A, Savenije, H, Goodrich, D, Gupta, H. V., Tachikawa, Y, Troch, P, Weiler, M, Mcglynn, B, Borga, M, Bormann, H, Hurkmans, R, Komma, J, Nandagiri, L, Uijlenhoet, R, Tetzlaff, D, Al Rawas, G, Carey, S. K., Fan, Y, Hrachowitz, M, Kirnbauer, R, Jewitt, G, Laudon, H, Mcguire, K. J., Sayama, T, Soulsby, C, Zehe, E, Mcmahon, T, Laaha, G, Parajka, J, Peel, M. C., Szolgay, J, Thompson, S, Woods, R, Yang, D, Weingartner, R, Hannah, D. M., Marks, D, Pearson, C, Rogger, M, Salinas, J. L., Sauquet, E, Srikanthan, S, Castellarin, A, Botter, G, Hughes, D. A., Liu, S, Ouarda, T. B. M. J., Post, D, Spence, C, Vogel, R. M., Demuth, S, Hisdal, H, Kroll, C. N., van Lanen, H. A. J., Nester, T, Tallaksen, L. M., Young, A, Rosbjerg, D, Burn, D. H., Croke, B, Di Baldassarre, G, Iacobellis, Vito, Kjeldsen, T, Kuczera, G, Merz, R, Montanari, A, Morris, D, Ren, L, Toth, E, Andréassian, V, Archfield, S, Bárdossya, Chiew, F, Duan, Q, Gelfan, A, Hlavčová, K, Mcintyre, N, Oudin, L, Perrin, C, Skøien, J. O., Zhang, Y, Biggs, T, Jia, S, Korytny, L. M., Gartsman, B, Pomeroy, J. W., Shook, K, Fang, X, Brown, T, Samuel, J, Coulibaly, P, Metcalfe, R. A., Humer, G, Rahman, A, Haddad, K, Weinmann, E, Blume, T, Crabit, A, Colin, F, Moussa, R, Winsemius, H, Liebe, J, van de Giesen, N, Walter, M. T., Steenhuis, T. S., Kennedy, J. R., Unkrich, C. L., Mazvimavi, D, Viney, N. R., Takeuchi, K, Hapuarachchi, H. A. P., Kiem, A. S., Ishidaira, H, Ao, T, Magome, J, Zhou, M. C., Georgievski, M, Wang, G, Yoshimura, C, Arheimer, B, Lindström, G, Mcdonnell, J, Schaake, J, Young, G, and Lin, S.

Published
2013

14. Socio-hydrology: conceptualising human-flood interactions

Author

Di Baldassarre, G. Viglione, A. Carr, G. Kuil, L. Salinas, J. L. Blöschl, G.

Subjects
hydrology, floodplains, hydrological processes, human-water systems
Abstract

Over history, humankind has tended to settle near streams because of the role of rivers as transportation corridors and the fertility of riparian areas. However, human settlements in floodplains have been threatened by the risk of flooding. Possible responses have been to resettle away and/or modify the river system by building flood control structures. This has led to a complex web of interactions and feedback mechanisms between hydrological and social processes in settled floodplains. This paper is an attempt to conceptualise these interplays for hypothetical human-flood systems. We develop a simple, dynamic model to represent the interactions and feedback loops between hydrological and social processes. The model is then used to explore the dynamics of the human-flood system and the effect of changing individual characteristics, including external forcing such as technological development. The results show that the conceptual model is able to reproduce reciprocal effects between floods and people as well as the emergence of typical patterns. For instance, when levees are built or raised to protect floodplain areas, their presence not only reduces the frequency of flooding, but also exacerbates high water levels. Then, because of this exacerbation, higher flood protection levels are required by society. As a result, more and more flooding events are avoided, but rare and catastrophic events take place.

Published
2013

15. A European Flood Database: facilitating comprehensive flood research beyond administrative boundaries

Author

Hall, J., primary, Arheimer, B., additional, Aronica, G. T., additional, Bilibashi, A., additional, Boháč, M., additional, Bonacci, O., additional, Borga, M., additional, Burlando, P., additional, Castellarin, A., additional, Chirico, G. B., additional, Claps, P., additional, Fiala, K., additional, Gaál, L., additional, Gorbachova, L., additional, Gül, A., additional, Hannaford, J., additional, Kiss, A., additional, Kjeldsen, T., additional, Kohnová, S., additional, Koskela, J. J., additional, Macdonald, N., additional, Mavrova-Guirguinova, M., additional, Ledvinka, O., additional, Mediero, L., additional, Merz, B., additional, Merz, R., additional, Molnar, P., additional, Montanari, A., additional, Osuch, M., additional, Parajka, J., additional, Perdigão, R. A. P., additional, Radevski, I., additional, Renard, B., additional, Rogger, M., additional, Salinas, J. L., additional, Sauquet, E., additional, Šraj, M., additional, Szolgay, J., additional, Viglione, A., additional, Volpi, E., additional, Wilson, D., additional, Zaimi, K., additional, and Blöschl, G., additional

Published
2015
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16. Insights from socio-hydrology modelling on dealing with flood risk - Roles of collective memory, risk-taking attitude and trust

Author

Viglione, A., Di Baldassarre, G., Brandimarte, Luigia, Kuil, L., Carr, G., Salinas, J. L., Scolobig, A., Blöschl, G., Viglione, A., Di Baldassarre, G., Brandimarte, Luigia, Kuil, L., Carr, G., Salinas, J. L., Scolobig, A., and Blöschl, G.

Abstract

The risk coping culture of a community plays a major role in the development of urban floodplains. In this paper we analyse, in a conceptual way, the interplay of community risk coping culture, flooding damage and economic growth. We particularly focus on three aspects: (i) collective memory, i.e., the capacity of the community to keep risk awareness high; (ii) risk-taking attitude, i.e., the amount of risk the community is collectively willing to be exposed to; and (iii) trust of the community in risk reduction measures. To this end, we use a dynamic model that represents the feedback between the hydrological and social system components. Model results indicate that, on the one hand, by under perceiving the risk of flooding (because of short collective memory and too much trust in flood protection structures) in combination with a high risk-taking attitude, community development is severely limited because of high damages caused by flooding. On the other hand, overestimation of risk (long memory and lack of trust in flood protection structures) leads to lost economic opportunities and recession. There are many scenarios of favourable development resulting from a trade-off between collective memory and trust in risk reduction measures combined with a low to moderate risk-taking attitude. Interestingly, the model gives rise to situations in which the development of the community in the floodplain is path dependent, i.e., the history of flooding may lead to community growth or recession., QC 20190617

Published
2014
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17. Prediction of runoff hydrographs in ungauged basins

Author

Parajka, J., primary, Andréassian, V., additional, Archfield, S. A., additional, Bárdossy, A., additional, Blöschl, G., additional, Chiew, F., additional, Duan, Q., additional, Gelfan, A., additional, Hlavčová, K., additional, Merz, R., additional, McIntyre, N., additional, Oudin, L., additional, Perrin, C., additional, Rogger, M., additional, Salinas, J. L., additional, Savenije, H. G., additional, Skøien, J. O., additional, Wagener, T., additional, Zehe, E., additional, and Zhang, Y., additional

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19. Understanding flood regime changes in Europe: a state-of-the-art assessment

Author

Hall, J., primary, Arheimer, B., additional, Borga, M., additional, Brázdil, R., additional, Claps, P., additional, Kiss, A., additional, Kjeldsen, T. R., additional, Kriaučiūnienė, J., additional, Kundzewicz, Z. W., additional, Lang, M., additional, Llasat, M. C., additional, Macdonald, N., additional, McIntyre, N., additional, Mediero, L., additional, Merz, B., additional, Merz, R., additional, Molnar, P., additional, Montanari, A., additional, Neuhold, C., additional, Parajka, J., additional, Perdigão, R. A. P., additional, Plavcová, L., additional, Rogger, M., additional, Salinas, J. L., additional, Sauquet, E., additional, Schär, C., additional, Szolgay, J., additional, Viglione, A., additional, and Blöschl, G., additional

Published
2014
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20. Socio-hydrology : conceptualising human-flood interactions

Author

Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Viglione, A., Carr, G., Kuil, L., Salinas, J. L., Blöschl, G., Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Viglione, A., Carr, G., Kuil, L., Salinas, J. L., and Blöschl, G.

Abstract

Over history, humankind has tended to settle near streams because of the role of rivers as transportation corridors and the fertility of riparian areas. However, human settlements in floodplains have been threatened by the risk of flooding. Possible responses have been to resettle away and/or modify the river system by building flood control structures. This has led to a complex web of interactions and feedback mechanisms between hydrological and social processes in settled floodplains. This paper is an attempt to conceptualise these interplays for hypothetical human-flood systems. We develop a simple, dynamic model to represent the interactions and feedback loops between hydrological and social processes. The model is then used to explore the dynamics of the human-flood system and the effect of changing individual characteristics, including external forcing such as technological development. The results show that the conceptual model is able to reproduce reciprocal effects between floods and people as well as the emergence of typical patterns. For instance, when levees are built or raised to protect floodplain areas, their presence not only reduces the frequency of flooding, but also exacerbates high water levels. Then, because of this exacerbation, higher flood protection levels are required by society. As a result, more and more flooding events are avoided, but rare and catastrophic events take place.

Published
2013
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21. Understanding flood regime changes in Europe: a state of the art assessment

Author

Hall, J., primary, Arheimer, B., additional, Borga, M., additional, Brázdil, R., additional, Claps, P., additional, Kiss, A., additional, Kjeldsen, T. R., additional, Kriaučiūnienė, J., additional, Kundzewicz, Z. W., additional, Lang, M., additional, Llasat, M. C., additional, Macdonald, N., additional, McIntyre, N., additional, Mediero, L., additional, Merz, B., additional, Merz, R., additional, Molnar, P., additional, Montanari, A., additional, Neuhold, C., additional, Parajka, J., additional, Perdigão, R. A. P., additional, Plavcová, L., additional, Rogger, M., additional, Salinas, J. L., additional, Sauquet, E., additional, Schär, C., additional, Szolgay, J., additional, Viglione, A., additional, and Blöschl, G., additional

Published
2013
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31. Riesgos geológicos en España: estado de la cuestión

Author

Garzón, Guillermina, López, J., Nuez, Julio de la, Badiola, E. R., Dabrio, Cristino J., Elízaga, Emilio, Zazo, Caridad, Durán Valsero, Juan José, Cendrero, Antonio, Coello, Juan, Ferrer Julià, M., Araña, V., Carracedo, Juan Carlos, Mezcua, Julio, Val Melus, Joaquín del, García, M., Goy, José Luis, Soler, Vicente, Berga, L., Díaz de Terán, J. R., Martínez-Goytre, J., Salinas, J. L., and Corominas, Jordi

Abstract

Trabajo presentado en el III Congreso geológico de España y VIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Geología, celebrado en Salamanca (España), en 1992

Published
1992

32. Spain

Author

Díaz de Terán, J. R., Cendrero, Antonio, Araña, V., Badiola, E. R., Berga, L., Carracedo, Juan Carlos, Chacón, J., Coello, Juan, Corominas, Jordi, Dabrio, Cristino J., Durán Valsero, Juan José, Elízaga, Emilio, Ferrer Julià, M., García-Fernández, Mariano, Garzón, M. G., González Díez, Alberto, Goy, José Luis, López Martínez, Jerónimo, Martínez-Goytre, J., Mezcua, Julio, Nuez, Julio de la, Salinas, J. L., Soler, Vicente, Val, Javier del, Zazo, Caridad, Díaz de Terán, J. R., Cendrero, Antonio, Araña, V., Badiola, E. R., Berga, L., Carracedo, Juan Carlos, Chacón, J., Coello, Juan, Corominas, Jordi, Dabrio, Cristino J., Durán Valsero, Juan José, Elízaga, Emilio, Ferrer Julià, M., García-Fernández, Mariano, Garzón, M. G., González Díez, Alberto, Goy, José Luis, López Martínez, Jerónimo, Martínez-Goytre, J., Mezcua, Julio, Nuez, Julio de la, Salinas, J. L., Soler, Vicente, Val, Javier del, and Zazo, Caridad

Abstract

This chapter presents a review of the situation concerning the various geomorphological hazards in the country, including some information about existing programmes for research, control and mitigation. With its great variety of climatic, geological and morphodynamic environments, Spain is subject to every kind of natural hazard: tsunamis, floods, volcanism, and mass movements. The whole of the territory is prone to some kind of geomorphological hazard but it is in the eastern and southern coastal strips that the risks are greatest. One of the main problems for the mitigation of geomorphological hazards in Spain is the lack of an appropriate regulatory framework for the incorporation of natural hazard assessments into land-use planning and management at the macro-, meso- and micro-planning levels. The coverage of hazard mapping is still far from complete or adequate, and much work remains to be done. There has been considerable diversity in the methods used for risk assessment and for the cartographic representation of natural hazards. An urgent need is to establish common, accepted methodologies and criteria, based on indicators defined as clearly as possible, and to standardize map legends and scales for different planning levels. Information programmes for the general public also need to be considerably expanded.

Published
1997

33. An evaluation of analytical streambank flux methods and connections to end-member mixing models: a comparison of a new method and traditional methods.

Author

Exner-Kittridge, M., Salinas, J. L., and Zessner, M.

Abstract

In this paper, a novel method for estimating gross gains and losses between streams and groundwater is developed and evaluated against two traditional approaches. These three streambank flux estimation methods are distinct in their assumptions on the spatial distribution of the inflowing and outflowing fluxes along the stream. The two traditional methods assume that the fluxes are independent and in a specific sequence, while the third and newly derived method assumes that both fluxes occur simultaneously and uniformly throughout the stream. The analytic expressions in connection to the underlying assumptions are investigated to evaluate the individual and mutual dynamics of the streambank flux estimation methods and to understand the causes for the different performances. The results show that the three methods produce significantly different results and that the mean absolute normalized error can have up to an order of magnitude difference between the methods. These differences between the stream-bank flux methods are entirely due to the assumptions of the streambank flux spatial dynamics of the methods, and the performances for a particular approach strongly decrease if its assumptions are not fulfilled. An assessment of the three methods through numerical simulations, representing a variety of streambank flux dynamics, show that the method introduced, considering simultaneous stream gains and losses, presents overall the highest performance. These streambank flux methods can also be used in conjunction with other end-member mixing models to acquire even more hydrologic information as both require the same type of input data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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34. Bactericidal Activity of TiO2 on Cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853.

Author

Salinas, J. L. Aguilar, Aguilar, J. R. Pacheco, Hernández, S. A. Mayén, and Cruz, J. Santos

Subjects
*BACTERICIDES, *TITANIUM dioxide, *PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa, *BACTERIAL cells, *SEMICONDUCTORS, *PHOTOCATALYSIS, *X-ray diffraction
Abstract

The photocatalytic activity of semiconductors is increasingly being used to disinfect water, air, soils, and surfaces. Titaniumdioxide (TiO2) is widely used as a photocatalyst in thin films, powder, and in mixtures with other semiconductors or metals. This work presents the antibacterial effects of TiO2 and light exposure (at 365 nm) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. TiO2 powder was prepared from a mixture of titanium isopropoxide, ethanol, and nitric acid using a green and short time sol-gel technique. The obtained gel annealed at 450°C was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The nanocomposite effectively catalyzed the inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Following 90 minutes exposure to TiO2 and UV light, logarithm of cell density was reduced from 6 to 3. These results were confirmed by a factorial design incorporating two experimental replicates and two independent factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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40. Review of Applied-Statistical Methods for Flood-Frequency Analysis in Europe

Author

Attilio Castellarin, Kohnová, S., Gaál, L., Fleig, A., Salinas, J. L., Toumazis, A., Kjeldsen, T. R., Macdonald, N., Castellarin A., Kohnová S., Gaál L., Fleig A., Salinas J.L., Toumazis A., Kjeldsen T.R., and Macdonald N.

Subjects
FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS, DESIGN FLOOD, COST ACTION FLOODFREQ ES0901, EUROPEAN UNION
Abstract

Flood frequency analysis is used for establishing a relationship between flood magnitude and frequency of occurrence (return period) and for estimating the design-flood at a given location of interest. The approach can be implemented locally (At-Site Flood Frequency Analysis, SFFA); or regionally (Regional Flood Frequency Analysis, RFFA), which is used to limit unreliable extrapolation when available data record lengths are short as compared to the recurrence interval of interest, or for predicting the flooding potential at locations where no observed data are available. Both SFFA and RFFA are mature disciplines and consolidated methodologies are available for many European regions. As a result, different European countries, and sometimes even different regions within a country, have adopted different methodologies, which are often selected on the basis of traditional approaches or restricted due to limitation of available data. The main objective of the COST Action ES0901 European procedure for flood frequency estimation (FloodFreq, http://www.cost-floodfreq.eu/), which started in 2010, is to undertake a pan-European comparison and evaluation of methods for flood frequency estimation under the various climatologic and geographic conditions found in Europe, and different levels of data availability, as required by European Flood Directive (2007/60/EC). In particular, Working Group 2 (WG2) is focusing on an assessment of statistical methods for flood frequency estimation. In the first phase of WG2, state-of-the-art methods were collected from all member countries of the WGs, and presented in a report form. In this report, the description of applied frequency analysis methods is presented. The report also include a catalogue of flood data availability/unavailability across Europe together with relevant information (e.g., catchment descriptors, climatological [see above] and hydrological characteristics, indications on frequency distribution recommended for use in flood frequency studies) are collected and presented. Finally, this report presents some preliminary outcomes of analyses that aim to identify in an L moment-based framework the most suitable parent distributions for representing the frequency regime of annual maximum flood across Europe.

41. Changing climate both increases and decreases European river floods

Author

Ralf Merz, Maria Kireeva, Ardian Bilibashi, Marzena Osuch, Günter Blöschl, Jose Luis Salinas, Andrea Kiss, Thomas Kjeldsen, Attilio Castellarin, David Lun, Julia Hall, Conor Murphy, Neil Macdonald, Jamie Hannaford, Mojca Šraj, Alberto Montanari, Ján Szolgay, Klodian Zaimi, Ivan Radevski, Eric Sauquet, Valeryia Ovcharuk, Juraj Parajka, Daniele Ganora, Peter Molnar, Alberto Viglione, Donna Wilson, Silvia Kohnová, Liudmyla Gorbachova, Elena Volpi, Nenad Živković, Marco Borga, Pierluigi Claps, Berit Arheimer, Jarkko J. Koskela, Shaun Harrigan, Ondrej Ledvinka, Maria Mavrova-Guirguinova, Giovanni Battista Chirico, Ognjen Bonacci, Giuseppe Tito Aronica, Rui A. P. Perdigão, Luis Mediero, Ivan Čanjevac, Bruno Merz, Ali Gül, Miloň Boháč, Natalia Frolova, Bloschl G., Hall J., Viglione A., Perdigao R.A.P., Parajka J., Merz B., Lun D., Arheimer B., Aronica G.T., Bilibashi A., Bohac M., Bonacci O., Borga M., Canjevac I., Castellarin A., Chirico G.B., Claps P., Frolova N., Ganora D., Gorbachova L., Gul A., Hannaford J., Harrigan S., Kireeva M., Kiss A., Kjeldsen T.R., Kohnova S., Koskela J.J., Ledvinka O., Macdonald N., Mavrova-Guirguinova M., Mediero L., Merz R., Molnar P., Montanari A., Murphy C., Osuch M., Ovcharuk V., Radevski I., Salinas J.L., Sauquet E., Sraj M., Szolgay J., Volpi E., Wilson D., Zaimi K., Zivkovic N., Bloschl, G., Hall, J., Viglione, A., Perdigao, R. A. P., Parajka, J., Merz, B., Lun, D., Arheimer, B., Aronica, G. T., Bilibashi, A., Bohac, M., Bonacci, O., Borga, M., Canjevac, I., Castellarin, A., Chirico, G. B., Claps, P., Frolova, N., Ganora, D., Gorbachova, L., Gul, A., Hannaford, J., Harrigan, S., Kireeva, M., Kiss, A., Kjeldsen, T. R., Kohnova, S., Koskela, J. J., Ledvinka, O., Macdonald, N., Mavrova-Guirguinova, M., Mediero, L., Merz, R., Molnar, P., Montanari, A., Murphy, C., Osuch, M., Ovcharuk, V., Radevski, I., Salinas, J. L., Sauquet, E., Sraj, M., Szolgay, J., Volpi, E., Wilson, D., Zaimi, K., Zivkovic, N., INSTITUTE OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT WIEN AUT, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHY UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE SRB, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT LAND AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING POLITECNICO DI TORINO TURIN ITA, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE POTSDAM GFZ GERMAN RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GEOSCIENCES POTSDAM DEU, DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF MESSINA ITA, CZECH HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE PRAGUE CZE, FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE AND GEODESY SPLIT UNIVERSITY HRV, DEPARTMENT OF LAND ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA ITA 11, University of Zagreb, DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA ITA, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II ITA, DEPARTMENT OF LAND HYDROLOGY LOMONOSOV MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY MOSCOW RUS, DEPARTMENT OF HYDROLOGICAL RESEARCH UKRAINIAN HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE KIEV UKR, DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY IZMIR TUR, CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY WALLINGFORD GBR, FORECAST DEPARTMENT EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS READING GBR, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF BATH GBR, DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING SLOVAK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN BRATISLAVA SVK, CSE CONTROL SYSTEMS ENGINEER RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY TIRANA ALB, FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE HELSINKI FIN, DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND PLANNING UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL GBR, INSTITUTE OF RISK AND UNCERTAINTY UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL GBR, UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE CIVIL ENGINEERING AND GEODESY SOFIA BGR, DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING HYDRAULIC ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID ESP, DEPARTMENT FOR CATCHMENT HYDROLOGY HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH HALLE DEU, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING ETH ZURICH CHE, IRISH CLIMATE ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH UNITS DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY MAYNOOTH UNIVERSITY IRL, DEPARTMENT OF HYDROLOGY AND HYDRODYNAMICS INSTITUTE OF GEOPHYSICS POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WARSAW POL, HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE ODESSA STATE ENVIRONMENTAL UNIVERSITY ODESSA UKR., RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), FACULTY OF CIVIL AND GEODETIC ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA SVN, Department of Engineering [Roma], Roma Tre University, NORWEGIAN WATER RESOURCES AND ENERGY DIRECTORATE OSLO NOR, INSTITUTE OF GEOSCIENCES ENERGY WATER AND ENVIRONMENT POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA ALB, Blöschl, Günter, Hall, Julia, Viglione, Alberto, Perdigão, Rui A P, Parajka, Juraj, Merz, Bruno, Lun, David, Arheimer, Berit, Aronica, Giuseppe T, Bilibashi, Ardian, Boháč, Miloň, Bonacci, Ognjen, Borga, Marco, Čanjevac, Ivan, Castellarin, Attilio, Chirico, Giovanni B, Claps, Pierluigi, Frolova, Natalia, Ganora, Daniele, Gorbachova, Liudmyla, Gül, Ali, Hannaford, Jamie, Harrigan, Shaun, Kireeva, Maria, Kiss, Andrea, Kjeldsen, Thomas R, Kohnová, Silvia, Koskela, Jarkko J, Ledvinka, Ondrej, Macdonald, Neil, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mediero, Lui, Merz, Ralf, Molnar, Peter, Montanari, Alberto, Murphy, Conor, Osuch, Marzena, Ovcharuk, Valeryia, Radevski, Ivan, Salinas, José L, Sauquet, Eric, Šraj, Mojca, Szolgay, Jan, Volpi, Elena, Wilson, Donna, Zaimi, Klodian, and Živković, Nenad

Subjects
History, Time Factors, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Rain, Geographic Mapping, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, SDG 13 - Climate Action, 020701 environmental engineering, Multidisciplinary, Flooding (psychology), food and beverages, 21st Century, 6. Clean water, Europe, 20th Century, VARIABILITY, Climate Change, Floods, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Seasons, Rivers, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, population characteristics, geographic locations, 0207 environmental engineering, Climate change, River floods, FREQUENCY, TERM, Hydrology (agriculture), parasitic diseases, medicine, Precipitation, General, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Flood myth, fungi, Seasonality, medicine.disease, Climate change, river flood discharge, Europe, risk management, flooding, climate change, SEASONALITY, 13. Climate action, Snowmelt, Environmental science, Climate model, Physical geography
Abstract

Climate change has led to concerns about increasing river floods resulting from the greater water-holding capacity of a warmer atmosphere1. These concerns are reinforced by evidence of increasing economic losses associated with flooding in many parts of the world, including Europe2. Any changes in river floods would have lasting implications for the design of flood protection measures and flood risk zoning. However, existing studies have been unable to identify a consistent continental-scale climatic-change signal in flood discharge observations in Europe3, because of the limited spatial coverage and number of hydrometric stations. Here we demonstrate clear regional patterns of both increases and decreases in observed river flood discharges in the past five decades in Europe, which are manifestations of a changing climate. Our results—arising from the most complete database of European flooding so far—suggest that: increasing autumn and winter rainfall has resulted in increasing floods in northwestern Europe; decreasing precipitation and increasing evaporation have led to decreasing floods in medium and large catchments in southern Europe; and decreasing snow cover and snowmelt, resulting from warmer temperatures, have led to decreasing floods in eastern Europe. Regional flood discharge trends in Europe range from an increase of about 11 per cent per decade to a decrease of 23 per cent. Notwithstanding the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the observational record, the flood changes identified here are broadly consistent with climate model projections for the next century4,5, suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening and supporting calls for the consideration of climate change in flood risk management. Analysis of a comprehensive European flood dataset reveals regional changes in river flood discharges in the past five decades that are consistent with models suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening.

Published
2019
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42. A European Flood Database: facilitating comprehensive flood research beyond administrative boundaries

Author

J. Hall, B. Arheimer, G. T. Aronica, A. Bilibashi, M. Boháč, O. Bonacci, M. Borga, P. Burlando, A. Castellarin, G. B. Chirico, P. Claps, K. Fiala, L. Gaál, L. Gorbachova, A. Gül, J. Hannaford, A. Kiss, T. Kjeldsen, S. Kohnová, J. J. Koskela, N. Macdonald, M. Mavrova-Guirguinova, O. Ledvinka, L. Mediero, B. Merz, R. Merz, P. Molnar, A. Montanari, M. Osuch, J. Parajka, R. A. P. Perdigão, I. Radevski, B. Renard, M. Rogger, J. L. Salinas, E. Sauquet, M. Šraj, J. Szolgay, A. Viglione, E. Volpi, D. Wilson, K. Zaimi, G. Blöschl, Hall, J., Arheimer, B., Aronica, T., Bilibashi, A., Bohac, M., Bonacci, O., Borga, M., Burlando, P., Castellarin, A., Chirico, G. B., Claps, P., Fiala, K., Gaal, L., Gorbachova, L., Gul, A., Hannaford, J., Kiss, A., Kjeldsen, T., Kohnova, S., Koskela, J. J., Macdonald, N., Mavrova-Guirguinova, M., Ledvinka, O., Mediero, L., Merz, B., Merz, R., Molnar, P., Montanari, A., Osuch, M., Parajka, J., Perdigao, R. A. P., Radevski, I., Renard, B., Rogger, M., Salinas, J. L., Sauquet, E., Sraj, M., Szolgay, J., Viglione, A., Volpi, E., Wilson, D., Zaimi, K., Bloeschl, G., M Rogger, H Aksoy, M Kooy, A Schumann, E Toth, Y Chen, V Borrell Estupina, G Blöschl, J., Hall, B., Arheimer, G. T., Aronica, A., Bilibashi, M., Bohác, O., Bonacci, M., Borga, P., Burlando, A., Castellarin, G. B., Chirico, P., Clap, K., Fiala, L., Gaál, L., Gorbachova, A., Gül, J., Hannaford, A., Ki, T., Kjeldsen, S., Kohnová, J. J., Koskela, N., Macdonald, M., Mavrova Guirguinova, O., Ledvinka, L., Mediero, B., Merz, R., Merz, P., Molnar, A., Montanari, M., Osuch, J., Parajka, R. A. P., Perdigão, I., Radevski, B., Renard, M., Rogger, J. L., Salina, E., Sauquet, M., Šraj, J., Szolgay, A., Viglione, Volpi, Elena, D., Wilson, K., Zaimi, and G., Blöschl

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Data series, computer.software_genre, hydrology floods, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, 020701 environmental engineering, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Data collection, Flood myth, Database, lcsh:QE1-996.5, General Medicine, flood, 6. Clean water, Europe, Current (stream), lcsh:Geology, Geography, Open source, Work (electrical), 13. Climate action, Joint (building), Stage (hydrology), Hydrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (all), computer
Abstract

The current work addresses one of the key building blocks towards an improved understanding of flood processes and associated changes in flood characteristics and regimes in Europe: the development of a comprehensive, extensive European flood database. The presented work results from ongoing cross-border research collaborations initiated with data collection and joint interpretation in mind. A detailed account of the current state, characteristics and spatial and temporal coverage of the European Flood Database, is presented. At this stage, the hydrological data collection is still growing and consists at this time of annual maximum and daily mean discharge series, from over 7000 hydrometric stations of various data series lengths. Moreover, the database currently comprises data from over 50 different data sources. The time series have been obtained from different national and regional data sources in a collaborative effort of a joint European flood research agreement based on the exchange of data, models and expertise, and from existing international data collections and open source websites. These ongoing efforts are contributing to advancing the understanding of regional flood processes beyond individual country boundaries and to a more coherent flood research in Europe.

Published
2018
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44. La investigación edafológica en México : 1992-1995 : memorias del XXVI congreso nacional de la ciencia del suelo

Author

Márquez Ramos, A., Báez Pérez, A., Prat, Christian, Chora Valdés, B., Tovar Salinas, J. L. (ed.), Ordaz Chaparro, V. (ed.), and Quintero Lizaola, R. (ed.)

Subjects
RENDEMENT, ESPECE, SYSTEME DE CULTURE, MISE EN VALEUR DU SOL, CALEBASSE, SOL DEGRADE, LEGUMINEUSE FOURRAGERE, PLANTE CULTIVEE, INDURATION, MAIS, TEPETATE, ROCHE VOLCANIQUE, ADAPTATION, ROTATION DES CULTURES
Published
1995

46. Contamination of health-care workers' hands with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species after routine patient care: a prospective observational study.

Author

Puig-Asensio M, Diekema DJ, Boyken L, Clore GS, Salinas JL, and Perencevich EN

Subjects
Cross Infection microbiology, Cross Infection prevention & control, Cross Infection transmission, Hand Disinfection, Humans, Patient Care, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tertiary Care Centers statistics & numerical data, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Hand microbiology, Health Personnel statistics & numerical data, Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient prevention & control, Klebsiella isolation & purification
Abstract

Objective: To compare the frequency of health-care worker (HCW) hand contamination by Escherichia coli versus Klebsiella species after patient care and to determine activities associated with contamination., Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study at two tertiary-care centres. We observed HCWs caring for patients colonized/infected with E. coli or Klebsiella. HCW hands were cultured before room entry and after patient care. Contamination was defined as detecting E. coli or Klebsiella on HCW hands. Risk factors for contamination were analysed using logistic regression. Patient-to-HCW transmission was confirmed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)., Results: We performed 466 HCW observations: 290 from patients with E. coli, 149 with Klebsiella, and 27 with both species. Eighty-seven per cent of observations (404/464) occurred in patients who had received chlorhexidine bathing within 2 days. HCW hand contamination rates were similar between E. coli (6.2%; 18/290) and Klebsiella (7.4%; 11/149) (p 0.6). High-risk activities independently associated with contamination were toilet assistance (OR 9.34; 95% CI 3.10-28.16), contact with moist secretions (OR 6.93; 95% CI 2.82-17.00), and hygiene/bed-bathing (OR 3.80; 95% CI 1.48-9.80). PFGE identified identical/closely related isolates in the patient and HCW hands in 100% (18/18) of E. coli and 54.5% (6/11) of Klebsiella observations., Conclusions: We did not find a difference in HCW hand contamination rates between E. coli and Klebsiella after patient care. Hand hygiene should be reinforced after high-risk activities. Discrepancies in matching patient and HCW hand isolates occurred more frequently for Klebsiella than for E. coli; differences in species-level transmission dynamics might exist., (Copyright © 2019 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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47. [Male pseudohermaphroditism. Report of a new case].

Author

Losada Guerra JL, Hernández Navarro E, and Salinas JL

Subjects
Disorders of Sex Development surgery, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Disorders of Sex Development diagnosis
Abstract

Objective: To report a case of male pseudohermaphroditism., Methods: A 45 day-old infant was referred for ambiguity of external genitalia. The anatomy of the external and internal genitalia and chromosomal and gonadal sex were analyzed., Results/conclusions: Female sex was assigned and labioscrotal reduction and orchidectomy were performed at age 6 months with good adaptation to gender role.

Published
2001

48. [Systemic-psychodynamic model for family evaluation].

Author

Salinas JL, Pérez MP, Viniegra L, Armando Barriguete J, Casillas J, and Valencia A

Subjects
Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans, Individuation, Interview, Psychological, Mental Disorders psychology, Observer Variation, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Family psychology, Family Therapy, Models, Psychological, Psychological Tests
Abstract

In this paper a family evaluation instrument called systemic-psychodynamic family evaluation model is described. Also, the second stage of the validation study of this instrument is presented (which deals with the inter-observers variation). Twenty families were studied. They were assessed always by the same interviewers designated as experts. They are all family therapy specialists and their assessment was used as the evaluation reference standard or "gold standard". The observers were psychiatrists without previous training in family therapy. For the purpose of the interview, both experts and observers were blind to the medical diagnosis of the patients. During the first stage of the validation study the observers did not have a reference guide which resulted in a low concordance rating. For the second stage, a 177 item guide was used and a considerable increase in the concordance rating was observed. Validation studies like the one used here are of considerable value to increase the reliability and further utilisation of evaluation instruments of this type.

Published
1992

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