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We provide the floristic treatment for Acanthaceae in the Serra Negra, a region belonging to the Mantiqueira Range. We recorded nine genera and 16 species of Acanthaceae: Aphelandra longiflora, Hygrophila costata, Hypoestes phyllostachya, Justicia carnea, J. citrina, J. dasyclados, J. minensis, J. serrana, Lepidagathis kameyamana, Mendoncia puberula, M. velloziana, Odontonema barleriodes, Ruellia brevifolia, R. elegans, R. macrantha, and Staurogyne euryphylla. They occur naturally in the Atlantic Rainforest and other Brazilian domains, found predominantly in forest environments. Species studied had their distribution area expanded, with new records for the Atlantic Rainforest and for the state of Minas Gerais. Morphological descriptions, identification key, photographs, and the geographic distribution are provided for each species. Resumo Apresentamos o tratamento florístico de Acanthaceae na Serra Negra, região pertencente à Serra da Mantiqueira. Registramos nove gêneros e 16 espécies de Acanthaceae: Aphelandra longiflora, Hygrophila costata, Hypoestes phyllostachya, Justicia carnea, J. dasyclados, J. minensis, J. serrana e J. citrina, Lepidagathis kameyamana, Mendoncia puberula, M. velloziana, Odontonema barleriodes, Ruellia brevifolia, R. elegans, R. macrantha e Staurogyne euryphylla. Ocorrem naturalmente na Mata Atlântica e em outros domínios brasileiros, encontradas predominantemente em ambientes florestais. Espécies estudadas tiveram sua área de distribuição ampliada, com novos registros para a Mata Atlântica e para o estado de Minas Gerais. São apresentadas descrições morfológicas das espécies, chave de identificação, fotografias e dados sobre distribuição geográfica.

Cardoso, Pedro Henrique, Valério, Vanessa Imaculada Dos Reis, Neto, Luiz Menini, Salimena, Fátima Regina Gonçalves (2021): Verbenaceae in Espírito Santo, Brazil: richness, patterns of geographic distribution and conservation. Phytotaxa 484 (1): 1-43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.484.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.484.1.1

Lippia raoniana P.H.Cardoso & Salimena sp. nov. urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77214745-1 Figs 1, 4 B–C Diagnosis The new species is similar to Lippia spiraeastrum (Mart. & Schauer) T.R.S.Silva, but differs by ovate leaves (vs oblong or oblong-elliptic), slightly discolorous (vs strongly discolorous), matte adaxial surface (vs shiny), glandular abaxial surface (vs tomentose-glandular), shorter peduncle (0.8–1.3 vs 3.2–10.5 cm long) and slender (vs thick), ovate bracts (vs lanceolate). Etymology The specific epithet is in homage to Raoni Metuktire, an important indigenous leader of Brazil, internationally known as a symbol of environmental preservation. Raoni is dedicated to the fight for the rights of native indigenous people and conservation of the tropical forest, mainly Amazonia. His legacy is a symbol of the daily struggle for Brazilian biodiversity, constantly threatened. Material examined Type BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Serro, “ próximo ao Km 1 do distrito de Milho Verde” [near to Km 1 of the Milho Verde district]; 18°27′35.1″ S, 43°29′24.4″ W; 13 Feb. 2020; fl / fr; F.R.G. Salimena & P.H. Nobre 4057; holotype: CESJ; isotypes: HUEFS, RB, SPF. Paratypes BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • Felício dos Santos, “ APA Municipal Felício ” [Municipal Environmental Protection Area Felício]; 10 Jun. 2006; fl / fr; F.R.G. Salimena et al. 1382; CESJ • Serro, “ estrada Diamantina para o distrito de Milho Verde ” [road from Diamantina to the Milho Verde district]; 16 Nov. 2010; fl / fr; V. Thode, P. Lu-Irving, N. Mota, M. Toledo 386; CESJ, ICN. Description Shrub 1.5 m tall, aromatic, branched, branches erect, tetragonal, sulcate, glabrescent to strigose, with sessile glandular trichomes, nodes conspicuous. Leaves decussate, patent, congested at the stem apices, petioles 2.2–6 mm long, cylindrical, strigose, with abundant sessile glandular trichomes; blades 1.5–3 × 0.8–1.5 cm, chartaceous, ovate, slightly discolorous, apex acute to obtuse, base cuneate, decurrent into the petiole, margin basally entire, crenate to serrate toward the apex, ciliate, slightly revolute, adaxial surface matte, sparsely strigose, densely covered by sessile glandular trichomes, abaxial surface densely covered by sessile glandular trichomes, strigose along the veins. Inflorescence one per axil, 0.5–1 cm long, capituliform, hemispherical, rachis not elongated in the infructescence, peduncle 0.8–1.3 cm long, cylindrical, slender, strigose, with abundant sessile glandular trichomes; bracts 3–5 mm long, green, spirally arranged, ovate, apex acute to obtuse, margin ciliate, adaxial surface strigose, covered by sessile glandular trichomes, abaxial surface densely covered by sessile glandular trichomes; calyx 1–2 mm long, tubular, 2-lobed, apex 4-toothed, externally hirsute, ciliate, with abundant glandular sessile trichomes; corolla tube 6–8 mm long, limb 2-labiate, lilac, hypocrateriform, externally pubescent, with abundant glandular sessile trichomes, throat yellow, pubescent, 4 didynamous stamens, inserted at the middle of the corolla tube, included, thecae parallel; ovary 1 mm long, ovoid, glabrous, 2-locular, 1 ovule per locule, stigma oblique, lateral. Fruit drupaceous, mesocarp dry, 2-pyrenate, 2 mm long, spherical, lightbrown, dorsal surface smooth to slightly striated, surrounded by the persistent calyx. Distribution, habitat and phenology Lippia raoniana P.H.Cardoso & Salimena sp. nov. is known only from two localities in the Diamantina Plateau (Felício dos Santos and Serro), on the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil, where it seems to be endemic (Fig. 2). The populations are quite small and grow on quartzitic rock outcrops (campos rupestres), at an elevation of 1200–1400 m. Plants were collected with flowers and fruits in January, June, and November. Prelimiminary conservation status Lippia raoniana P.H.Cardoso & Salimena sp. nov. is only known from two localities, presenting an estimated Area of Occupation (AOO) smaller than 10 km ². The first known population is small and located in the municipality of Serro, along an unpaved road, near to a residential area under urban pressure. The other population is recorded from the municipality of Felício dos Santos, inside a conservation unit. The Diamantina Plateau is now witnessing increasing, uncontrolled tourism, exposing the vulnerability of its soils and vegetation (Schaefer et al. 2002). Thus, L. raoniana sp. nov. may be considered Critically Endangered (CR) based on criteria and sub-criteria B2ab(ii, iii, iv) of IUCN (2019), due to its restricted AOO, number of known locations, and the continuous decline in the quality of its habitat. Notes Lippia raoniana P.H.Cardoso & Salimena sp. nov. most closely resembles L. spiraeastrum, which is also endemic to the Espinhaço Range, occurring in Gr„o Mogol, Minas Gerais State (Salimena & Cardoso 2020), due to the shrubby habit, conspicuous nodes, leaves concentrated in the upper portion of the stem, adaxial surface glandular, axillary inflorescences, capituliform, hemispherical, corolla lilac, and fruit with dry mesocarp, 2-pyrenate. However, several characters of the leaves, peduncles and bracts can be used to distinguish them. The new species is mainly characterized by the combination of ovate leaves with adaxial and abaxial surfaces densely covered by sessile glandular trichomes, peduncles 0.8–1.3 cm long, and ovate bracts with adaxial and abaxial surfaces densely covered by sessile glandular trichomes. Identification key to the species of Lippia L. from the Diamantina Plateau, Minas Gerais, Brazil 1. Inflorescences more than 2 per leaf axil; bracts tetrastichous, the basal ones connate..................... 2 – Inflorescence 1 per leaf axil; bracts spiraled, all free....................................................................... 3 2. Plants with frondose-bracteaose inflorescences................................................ L. stachyoides Cham. – Plants with frondose inflorescences.................................................................. L. origanoides Kunth 3. Calyx laterally flattened, 2-winged.......................... L. rubella (Moldenke) T.R.S.Silva & Salimena – Calyx tubular-cylindric, not winged................................................................................................. 4 4. Leaves with hyphodromous venation; corolla yellow............................ L. filifolia Mart. & Schauer – Leaves with pinnate venation; corolla pink, lilac, rarely white........................................................ 5 5. Bracts membranous, pink to magenta, rarely green at base and vinaceous at apex, longer than the corolla tube....................................................................................................................................... 6 – Bracts foliaceous, green, rarely vinaceous at apex, shorter than the corolla tube.......................... 10 6. Leaf-blades abaxially densely pubescent with pedunculate glandular trichomes; bracts green at base, vinaceous at apex........................................................................ L. pseudothea (A.St.-Hil.) Schauer – Leaf-blades abaxially lacking pedunculate glandular trichomes; bracts pink to magenta............... 7 7. Leaves ovate-deltoid to suborbicular, margin dentate-lobate........... L. hederifolia Mart. & Schauer – Leaves ovate, broadly ovate or elliptic, margin crenate................................................................... 8 8. Branches densely velutinous, pedunculate glandular trichomes present; leaves ovate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic................................................................................ L. rhodocnemis Mart. & Schauer – Branches hirsute or pubescent, pedunculate glandular trichomes absent; leaves ovate to broadly ovate.................................................................................................................................................. 9 9. Branches and peduncles pubescent; inflorescences hemispheric or cylindric.................................................................................................................................... L. diamantinensis Glaz. ex Moldenke – Branches and peduncles hirsute; inflorescences globose...................................... L. lupulina Cham. 10. Corymbs axillary, densely congested at the apex of the branches...................................................11 – Spikes axillary, not congested at the apex of the branches............................................................. 13 11. Leaf-blades abaxially hirsute, adaxially bullate; bracts elliptic, apex reflexed.............................................................................................................................................................. L. corymbosa Cham. – Leaf-blades abaxially tomentose, adaxially slightly bullate; bracts ovate-lanceolate, apex straight.......................................................................................................................................................... 12 12. Leaves ovate, base cordate.................................................................. L. lacunosa Mart. & Schauer – Leaves ovate-orbicular or orbicular, base obtuse to cuneate........................... L. rotundifolia Cham. 13. Leaves congested at the apex of the branch, with few tector trichomes; drupe with 2 pyrenes............................................................................................. L. raoniana P.H.Cardoso & Salimena sp. nov. – Leaves evenly distributed along the branch, with several tector trichomes; schizocarp with 2 cluses............................................................................................................................................... 14 14. Leaves obovate to suborbicular; inflorescences few-flowered................... L. hermannioides Cham. – Leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic; inflorescences many-flowered....................................................... 15 15. Branches sulcate, nodes conspicuous; bracts elliptic................................... L. subracemosa Mansf. – Branches not sulcate, nodes inconspicuous; bracts ovate or lanceolate......................................... 16 16. Branches villous-sericeous; leaves ovate-deltate, abaxially villous-sericeous; bracts lanceolate............................................................................ L. krenakiana P.H.Cardoso, V.I.R.Valério & Salimena – Branches strigose; leaves elliptic to ovate-elliptic, adaxially strigose; bracts broadly ovate.......................................................................................................................................... L. rosella Moldenke Identification key to the species of Lippia L. from the Diamantina Plateau, Minas Gerais, Brazil 1. Inflorescences more than 2 per leaf axil; bracts tetrastichous, the basal ones connate..................... 2 – Inflorescence 1 per leaf axil; bracts spiraled, all free....................................................................... 3 2. Plants with frondose-bracteaose inflorescences................................................ L. stachyoides Cham. – Plants with frondose inflorescences.................................................................. L. origanoides Kunth 3. Calyx laterally flattened, 2-winged.......................... L. rubella (Moldenke) T.R.S.Silva & Salimena – Calyx tubular-cylindric, not winged................................................................................................. 4 4. Leaves with hyphodromous venation; corolla yellow............................ L. filifolia Mart. & Schauer – Leaves with pinnate venation; corolla pink, lilac, rarely white........................................................ 5 5. Bracts membranous, pink to magenta, rarely green at base and vinaceous at apex, longer than the corolla tube....................................................................................................................................... 6 – Bracts foliaceous, green, rarely vinaceous at apex, shorter than the corolla tube.......................... 10 6. Leaf-blades abaxially densely pubescent with pedunculate glandular trichomes; bracts green at base, vinaceous at apex........................................................................ L. pseudothea (A.St.-Hil.) Schauer – Leaf-blades abaxially lacking pedunculate glandular trichomes; bracts pink to magenta............... 7 7. Leaves ovate-deltoid to suborbicular, margin dentate-lobate........... L. hederifolia Mart. & Schauer – Leaves ovate, broadly ovate or elliptic, margin crenate................................................................... 8 8. Branches densely velutinous, pedunculate glandular trichomes present; leaves ovate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic................................................................................ L. rhodocnemis Mart. & Schauer – Branches hirsute or pubescent, pedunculate glandular trichomes absent; leaves ovate to broadly ovate.................................................................................................................................................. 9 9. Branches and peduncles pubescent; inflorescences hemispheric or cylindric.................................................................................................................................... L. diamantinensis Glaz. ex Moldenke – Branches and peduncles hirsute; inflorescences globose...................................... L. lupulina Cham. 10. Corymbs axillary, densely congested at the apex of the branches...................................................11 – Spikes axillary, not congested at the apex of the branches............................................................. 13 11. Leaf-blades abaxially hirsute, adaxially bullate; bracts elliptic, apex reflexed.............................................................................................................................................................. L. corymbosa Cham. – Leaf-blades abaxially tomentose, adaxially slightly bullate; bracts ovate-lanceolate, apex straight.......................................................................................................................................................... 12 12. Leaves ovate, base cordate.................................................................. L. lacunosa Mart. & Schauer – Leaves ovate-orbicular or orbicular, base obtuse to cuneate........................... L. rotundifolia Cham. 13. Leaves congested at the apex of the branch, with few tector trichomes; drupe with 2 pyrenes............................................................................................. L. raoniana P.H.Cardoso & Salimena sp. nov. – Leaves evenly distributed along the branch, with several tector trichomes; schizocarp with 2 cluses............................................................................................................................................... 14 14. Leaves obovate to suborbicular; inflorescences few-flowered................... L. hermannioides Cham. – Leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic; inflorescences many-flowered....................................................... 15 15. Branches sulcate, nodes conspicuous; bracts elliptic................................... L. subracemosa Mansf. – Branches not sulcate, nodes inconspicuous; bracts ovate or lanceolate......................................... 16 16. Branches villous-sericeous; leaves ovate-deltate, abaxially villous-sericeous; bracts lanceolate............................................................................ L. krenakiana P.H.Cardoso, V.I.R.Valério & Salimena – Branches strigose; leaves elliptic to ovate-elliptic, adaxially strigose; bracts broadly ovate.......................................................................................................................................... L. rosella Moldenke

Identification key to the species of Lippia L. from the Diamantina Plateau, Minas Gerais, Brazil 1. Inflorescences more than 2 per leaf axil; bracts tetrastichous, the basal ones connate..................... 2 – Inflorescence 1 per leaf axil; bracts spiraled, all free....................................................................... 3 2. Plants with frondose-bracteaose inflorescences................................................ L. stachyoides Cham. – Plants with frondose inflorescences.................................................................. L. origanoides Kunth 3. Calyx laterally flattened, 2-winged.......................... L. rubella (Moldenke) T.R.S.Silva & Salimena – Calyx tubular-cylindric, not winged................................................................................................. 4 4. Leaves with hyphodromous venation; corolla yellow............................ L. filifolia Mart. & Schauer – Leaves with pinnate venation; corolla pink, lilac, rarely white........................................................ 5 5. Bracts membranous, pink to magenta, rarely green at base and vinaceous at apex, longer than the corolla tube....................................................................................................................................... 6 – Bracts foliaceous, green, rarely vinaceous at apex, shorter than the corolla tube.......................... 10 6. Leaf-blades abaxially densely pubescent with pedunculate glandular trichomes; bracts green at base, vinaceous at apex........................................................................ L. pseudothea (A.St.-Hil.) Schauer – Leaf-blades abaxially lacking pedunculate glandular trichomes; bracts pink to magenta............... 7 7. Leaves ovate-deltoid to suborbicular, margin dentate-lobate........... L. hederifolia Mart. & Schauer – Leaves ovate, broadly ovate or elliptic, margin crenate................................................................... 8 8. Branches densely velutinous, pedunculate glandular trichomes present; leaves ovate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic................................................................................ L. rhodocnemis Mart. & Schauer – Branches hirsute or pubescent, pedunculate glandular trichomes absent; leaves ovate to broadly ovate.................................................................................................................................................. 9 9. Branches and peduncles pubescent; inflorescences hemispheric or cylindric.................................................................................................................................... L. diamantinensis Glaz. ex Moldenke – Branches and peduncles hirsute; inflorescences globose...................................... L. lupulina Cham. 10. Corymbs axillary, densely congested at the apex of the branches...................................................11 – Spikes axillary, not congested at the apex of the branches............................................................. 13 11. Leaf-blades abaxially hirsute, adaxially bullate; bracts elliptic, apex reflexed.............................................................................................................................................................. L. corymbosa Cham. – Leaf-blades abaxially tomentose, adaxially slightly bullate; bracts ovate-lanceolate, apex straight.......................................................................................................................................................... 12 12. Leaves ovate, base cordate.................................................................. L. lacunosa Mart. & Schauer – Leaves ovate-orbicular or orbicular, base obtuse to cuneate........................... L. rotundifolia Cham. 13. Leaves congested at the apex of the branch, with few tector trichomes; drupe with 2 pyrenes............................................................................................. L. raoniana P.H.Cardoso & Salimena sp. nov. – Leaves evenly distributed along the branch, with several tector trichomes; schizocarp with 2 cluses............................................................................................................................................... 14 14. Leaves obovate to suborbicular; inflorescences few-flowered................... L. hermannioides Cham. – Leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic; inflorescences many-flowered....................................................... 15 15. Branches sulcate, nodes conspicuous; bracts elliptic................................... L. subracemosa Mansf. – Branches not sulcate, nodes inconspicuous; bracts ovate or lanceolate......................................... 16 16. Branches villous-sericeous; leaves ovate-deltate, abaxially villous-sericeous; bracts lanceolate............................................................................ L. krenakiana P.H.Cardoso, V.I.R.Valério & Salimena – Branches strigose; leaves elliptic to ovate-elliptic, adaxially strigose; bracts broadly ovate.......................................................................................................................................... L. rosella Moldenke

Valério, Vanessa Imaculada Dos Reis, Cardoso, Pedro Henrique, Neto, Luiz Menini, Salimena, Fátima Regina Gonçalves (2021): Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Lantana and Lippia (Verbenaceae). Phytotaxa 478 (2): 281-286, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.478.2.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.478.2.10

Resumo Este estudo apresenta o tratamento taxonômico de Verbenaceae para as cangas da Serra dos Carajás (Pará, Brasil). Foram registrados três gêneros e cinco táxons: Lantana hirsuta subsp. amazonica, Lantana paraensis, Lantana trifolia, Lippia grata e Stachytarpheta cayennensis. São fornecidas chaves, descrições, ilustrações e comentários dos táxons.

Resumo Este estudo apresenta o tratamento taxonômico de Verbenaceae para as cangas da Serra dos Carajás (Pará, Brasil). Foram registrados três gêneros e cinco táxons: Lantana hirsuta subsp. amazonica, Lantana paraensis, Lantana trifolia, Lippia grata e Stachytarpheta cayennensis. São fornecidas chaves, descrições, ilustrações e comentários dos táxons. Abstract This study presents the taxonomic treatment of Verbenaceae for the canga of the Serra dos Carajás (Pará, Brazil). Three genera and five taxa are registered: Lantana hirsuta subsp. amazonica, Lantana paraensis, Lantana trifolia, Lippia grata e Stachytarpheta cayennensis. Keys, descriptions, illustrations and comments are provided.

This study was developed in Ibitipoca State Park (ISP), a mountainous massif that stands out in the Serra da Mantiqueira, in the Southeastern Region of Brazil. The vegetation is represented by a phytophysiognomic mosaic where areas of campos rupestres interspersed with cloud dwarf forests predominate, at altitudes of 1100 to 1700 m.s.m. The cloud dwarf forests exist in narrow altitude belts on the mountain peaks, immersed in a layer of clouds. They form a peculiar landscape high in the mountains by the short stature of the arboreal elements and richness of lichens and bryophytes, which develop under constant condensation of humidity, low temperatures, and frequent winds. The objective of the present work was to determine the floristic composition and phytogeography of the cloud dwarf forests of ISP. Twelve monthly campaigns were conducted to collect botanical material during the years 2014 and 2015. The collected material was deposited in the collection of the CESJ Herbarium. A total of 372 species, 209 genera, and 73 families of phanerogams were found. The richest families were Orchidaceae (84 spp.), Asteraceae (39 spp.), and Melastomataceae (21 spp). The genera with the greatest wealth were Leandra (09 spp.), Epidendrum (09 spp.), Pleurothallis (09 spp.), Mikania (07 spp.), and Miconia (07 spp). The arboreal habit was predominant with 103 species (27.7%), followed by 83 shrubs (22.3%), 82 epiphytic herbs (22%), 80 terrestrial herbs (21.5%), and 23 lianas (6.5%). The floristic composition presents elements typical of altitude vegetation, including species of campos rupestres and high epiphytes richness, especially of the families Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae. The genera with tropical distribution represent 86.5%, whereas the temperate elements represent 13.5% of the total. The cloud dwarf forests presented similarity, at the family and gender levels, with the upper montane forests of the Andes, besides phytogeographic characteristics that allow to associate them to a transition environment between the campos rupestres and the upper montane forests of the Southeast Region of Brazil. Resumo: Este estudo foi desenvolvido no Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca (PEIB), um maciço montanhoso que se destaca na Serra da Mantiqueira, na Região Sudeste do Brasil. A vegetação é representada por um mosaico fitofisionômico onde predominam áreas de campos rupestres entremeadas às Nanoflorestas Nebulares, em altitudes de 1100 a 1700 m.s.m. As Nanoflorestas Nebulares ocorrem em cinturões de altitude estreitos, nos picos de montanhas, imersas na camada de nuvens. Formam uma paisagem peculiar no alto das montanhas, pela baixa estatura dos elementos arbóreos e riqueza de líquens e briófitas, que se desenvolvem sob constante condensação de umidade, baixas temperaturas e ventos freqüentes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a composição florística e fitogeografia das Nanoflorestas Nebulares do PEIB. Foram realizadas 12 campanhas mensais para coleta de material botânico, durante os anos de 2014 e 2015. O material coletado foi depositado na coleção do Herbário CESJ. Foram encontradas 372 espécies, 209 gêneros e 73 famílias de fanerógamas. As famílias de maior riqueza foram Orchidaceae (84 spp.), Asteraceae (39 spp.) e Melastomataceae (21 spp). Os gêneros com maior riqueza foram Leandra (09 spp.), Epidendrum (09 spp.), Pleurothallis (09 spp.) Mikania (07 spp.) e Miconia (07 spp). O hábito arbóreo foi predominante, com 103 espécies (27,7%), seguido por 83 arbustivas (22,3%), 82 ervas epífitas (22%), 80 ervas terrestres (21,5%) e 23 lianas (6,5%). A composição florística apresenta elementos típicos de vegetação de altitude, incluindo espécies de campos rupestres. Destaque para a alta riqueza de epífitas, especialmente das famílias Orchidaceae e Bromeliaceae. Os gêneros com distribuição tropical representam 86,5%, enquanto os elementos temperados representam 13,5% do total. As Nanoflorestas Nebulares apresentaram similaridade, em nível de família e gênero, com as florestas montana e altmontana dos Andes, além de características fitogeográficas que permitem associá-las a um ambiente de transição entre os campos rupestres e as florestas altomontanas da Região Sudeste do Brasil.