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2. Sartre and the Phenomenology of Pain: A Closer Look

Author

Saliba, Jacob and Saliba, Jacob

Abstract

Conventionally distinguished as a problem for medical professionals, experiences of embodied pain have prompted a significant set of themes and perspectives in the Continental tradition of philosophy. The discipline of phenomenology, in particular, offers thought-provoking approaches for understanding the fullness and diversity of living one’s pain in everyday life. In contrast to scientific practices that tend to take for granted the subjective structures of human consciousness in action, the phenomenological framework of lived experience offers profoundly subtle accounts for explaining how a person’s pain alters their ways of relating to themselves, to others, and to the wider world around them. In recent years, scholars of phenomenology have undertaken extensive research on the complex relationality between health and human consciousness, including the behavioral grids and existential textures that come with that relationship. Greatly influenced by twentieth century phenomenology, this new development in the scholarship has undergone three distinct waves. The first wave focused on the work of Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer to develop a hermeneutic of healthcare practice; the second wave incorporated Maurice Merleau-Ponty to understand illness from an increasingly carnal point of view; and the third and most recent wave has relied primarily on Edmund Husserl to construct the intentionality involved with the consciousness of pain.

Published
2024

6. Sartre and the Phenomenology of Pain: A Closer Look.

Author

Saliba, Jacob

Subjects
GAZE, PHENOMENOLOGY, PHYSICIAN-patient relations
Abstract

This article delves into the philosophy of pain, specifically focusing on Jean-Paul Sartre's work. It argues that Sartre's ideas on pain have been overlooked, despite his extensive exploration of the topic. The article examines Sartre's ontological dimensions of embodiment and how they relate to the experience of pain. It also addresses criticisms of Sartre's concept of the "Look" and argues that his understanding of intersubjectivity and freedom can provide valuable insights in medical care. The text explores the differences between Descartes and Sartre's ideas of consciousness and their implications for social relations. It concludes that Sartre's understanding of pain and the doctor-patient dynamic can help us better comprehend our own subjective experience of pain and renew our sense of personal freedom in various human interactions. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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12. Readers report.

Author

Rein, George T., Sauvie, Charles L., Saliba, Jacob, Plesman, Albert, Patton, D. K., Stevens, Glenn B., Giefers, Donald A., and Blatt, Dean

Subjects
LETTERS to the editor, GOLD standard, PRICES, LUMBER
Abstract

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the "Mystery of the Eurodollar" in the Editorial of May 1, 1971 issue, "Lumber prices echo the building boom," in the April 24, 1971 issue and "W. R. Grace keeps shooting for sevens," in the April 17, 1971 issue.

Published
1971

13. Abstract 15844: WWOX Contributes to the Cancer-Like Microenvironment in Pulmonary Hypertension

Author

Gomes, Marta T, Chen, Jiwang, Haider, Shahzaib G, Bai, Yang, Saliba, Jacob, Smith, Patricia, Singla, Sunit, and Machado, Roberto F

Abstract

Background:Pulmonary vascular remodeling is a hallmark of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), involving exaggerated proliferation and resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). WW domain containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) is a tumor suppressor and loss of WWOX affects cell proliferation, motility, attachment and deregulates expression of genes involved in cell cycle, motility and DNA damage. We hypothesized that loss of WWOX expression contributes to pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH.Methods:mRNA, and protein levels of WWOX were measured in PASMCs from patients with PAH and in the lungs of rodent models of pulmonary hypertension. Tamoxifen inducible SMC-specific Wwox knockout mice were generated by crossing Wwoxflox/floxmice with myosin heavy chain Cre+mice (WWOX-SMC KO). The effects of hPASMC WWOX expression on proliferation, migration, cell cycle regulation and survival were tested.Results:PASMCs from PAH patients showed decreased WWOX mRNA and protein levels after 6 and 24 hours of hypoxia (3% O2) exposure. Compared to control, WWOX levels in lungs from rat models of pulmonary hypertension (Sugen plus hypoxia and monocrotaline) were reduced by 40% (P= 0.0187) and 60% (P=0.0023), respectively. A similar pattern was found in mice exposed to 4-weeks 10%-hypoxia, especially after 28 days, where WWOX expression in hypoxia was 80% lower than in normoxia (P=0.0038). Tamoxifen-induced SMC-WWOX KO mice developed more severe hypoxia induced-PH evidenced by higher right ventricular systolic pressure (P=0.002) and worse right ventricular hypertrophy (P=0.0031), in comparison to vehicle treated animals. hPASMCs incubated under hypoxia (3% O2) showed a time-dependent decrease in WWOX mRNA (P=0.0076) and protein expression (P=0.034). WWOX-silencing stimulated hPASMCs proliferation (P=0.0031) and migration (P<0.001), modulated cell cycle progression and HIF1? protein expression (P= 0.0190) and, increased the mRNA expression of GLUT1 (P=0.0012).Conclusion:PASMCs WWOX loss promotes cell proliferation and migration through perturbation in cell cycle regulatory and metabolic pathways and induces pulmonary vascular remodeling in vivo. Together, these data suggest that WWOX is mechanistic target in PAH.

Published
2019
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14. A common journalistic malady

Author

Saliba, Jacob

Subjects
Journalists -- Public opinion, Reporters and reporting -- Public opinion
Published
1980

15. A Study of Faith and Courage in the Novels of Ellie Wiesel

Author

Saliba, Jacob

Subjects
Philosophy, Political Science, Ethics, faith, courage, despair, existence, madness, life, possibility, ethics
Abstract

A consideration of faith and courage in the works of Ellie Wiesel, Soren Kierkegaard and Josef Pieper are used to define faith and courage. These definitions are employed to place Wiesel in the tradition of western humanism. Wiesel's humanism, however, is unlike the atheist or the Christian. His work, especially the Night Trilogy (Night, Dawn, The Accident), illustrates a unique faith in humanity and the human person based on the passionate search for God and the courage to believe.

Published
2018

16. AMD3100 ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced emphysema-like manifestations in mice.

Author

Barwinska D, Oueini H, Poirier C, Albrecht ME, Bogatcheva NV, Justice MJ, Saliba J, Schweitzer KS, Broxmeyer HE, March KL, and Petrache I

Subjects
Animals, Benzylamines, Bone Marrow metabolism, Bone Marrow pathology, Chemokine CXCL12 antagonists & inhibitors, Chemokine CXCL12 metabolism, Cyclams, Female, Hematopoietic Stem Cells metabolism, Hematopoietic Stem Cells pathology, Mice, Pulmonary Alveoli pathology, Receptors, CXCR4 metabolism, Heterocyclic Compounds pharmacology, Lung Injury etiology, Lung Injury metabolism, Lung Injury pathology, Lung Injury prevention & control, Pulmonary Alveoli metabolism, Pulmonary Emphysema etiology, Pulmonary Emphysema metabolism, Pulmonary Emphysema pathology, Pulmonary Emphysema prevention & control, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking metabolism, Smoking pathology
Abstract

We have shown that cigarette smoke (CS)-induced pulmonary emphysema-like manifestations are preceded by marked suppression of the number and function of bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). To investigate whether a limited availability of HPCs may contribute to CS-induced lung injury, we used a Food and Drug Administration-approved antagonist of the interactions of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) with its chemokine receptor CXCR4 to promote intermittent HPC mobilization and tested its ability to limit emphysema-like injury following chronic CS. We administered AMD3100 (5mg/kg) to mice during a chronic CS exposure protocol of up to 24 wk. AMD3100 treatment did not affect either lung SDF-1 levels, which were reduced by CS, or lung inflammatory cell counts. However, AMD3100 markedly improved CS-induced bone marrow HPC suppression and significantly ameliorated emphysema-like end points, such as alveolar airspace size, lung volumes, and lung static compliance. These results suggest that antagonism of SDF-1 binding to CXCR4 is associated with protection of both bone marrow and lungs during chronic CS exposure, thus encouraging future studies of potential therapeutic benefit of AMD3100 in emphysema.

Published
2018
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