Search

In the current digital era, the implementation of blended online learning faces challenges in understanding students' perceptions and its impact on learning outcomes, particularly in Abstract Algebra. This issue is crucial to investigate, as the shift in teaching methods can influence the comprehension of complex algebraic concepts. This research aims to investigate students' perceptions and learning outcomes in abstract algebra courses of blended and asynchronous online learning. The research method used was quasi-experiment. The subject of 27 students is available without being randomly selected. Research instruments using questionnaires and tests. The test consists of eight essay questions. The questionnaire includes 27 closed-ended questions and six open-ended questions. The results showed that students perceived Abstract Algebra subjects as difficult or very difficult. Most students needed help to study the module due to material difficulty thoroughly. In addition, asynchronous online learning is ineffective compared to blended online learning. All students wanted the tutorial asynchronous and synchronous combined (blended online learning). Most students carry out online learning at home using a smartphone device. Students who use blended online learning obtain significantly higher learning outcomes than students who only take it asynchronously.

Our case details the atypical presentation of postpartum pituitary apoplexy in a 20-year-old female, who exhibited general weakness, dizziness, and brief loss of consciousness following an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Despite normal vital signs except for bradycardia, imaging revealed a pituitary hemorrhage, leading to the diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy. Managed conservatively with IV hydrocortisone and intensive care, the patient experienced persistent bradycardia and severe abdominal pain, requiring transfer to another ICU. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by the rarity and complexity of pituitary apoplexy during pregnancy and the postpartum period, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies. The discussion further contrasts this case with existing literature, particularly in the context of postpartum pituitary apoplexy, and explores the broader implications for managing such rare cases, reinforcing the viability of conservative management in the absence of visual field disturbances.

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning learning model on the mathematical literacy abilities of Class VII students at SMPN 20 Seluma. The research method used in this research is the analytical method. The type of research carried out was a quasi-experimental design with The Nonequivalent Posttest-only Control Group Design. In this study, the population was all class VII students at SMPN 20 Seluma with two sample classes selected using the purposive sampling technique. The sample class is the experimental class, namely Class VIIB, with 15 students with Problem Based Learning and the control class, namely Class VIIA, with 15 students with expository learning. This research instrument is a test of mathematical literacy skills which consists of formulating problems (formulate), applying concepts (employee), and interpreting the results of the solution. This test was carried out after the learning model was applied to both sample tests (posttest). The post-test results in the experimental class with Problem Based Learning obtained an average student score of 71.33, while in the control class with expository learning the average student score was 60.67. Data analysis was carried out using an independent t-test on the post-test results with a significant level of sig. (2-tailed) = 0.046 < significant level (and which shows that there is a difference between the results of mathematical literacy abilities between students with Problem Based Learning and expository learning. The results of the research can be concluded that there is an influence of the Problem Based Learning learning model on the mathematical literacy abilities of Class VII students at SMPN 20 Seluma

This research aims to determine 1) differences in creative thinking abilities between students who use geoboard teaching tools and students who use conventional ones in class VII, 2) differences in creative thinking abilities between students with high disposition ability and low disposition ability in class VII, 3 ) the interaction of geoboard teaching tools and mathematical disposition abilities on students' creative thinking abilities in class VII. This type of research is quasi-experimental research. Data collection techniques in this research are test and non-test techniques. The data analysis technique in this research uses a two-way ANOVA technique. The research results obtained from testing the hypothesis for each formulation are 1) there is a difference in creative thinking ability between students who use geoboard tools and students who use conventional in class VII with a significant value

The aim of the research is to determine the effect of the REACT strategy with LKPD on students' class XI Mathematics problem solving abilities at SMKN 5 Kepahiang. on the Opportunity material. This research is a quasi-experimental research whose population includes all class XI students at SMK Negeri 5 Kepahiang consisting of eight classes. The data collection technique in this research is an instrument test used to collect data including mathematical problem solving ability test questions. The researcher used a purposive sampling technique for sampling. The number of samples was determined using Taro Yamane's calculation formula so that 70 students were obtained consisting of 35 people in the control class and 35 people in the experimental class. Data collection in this research used documentation studies and tests. The data analysis technique uses the independent sample t-test, but before carrying out the t test, the data analysis requirements are tested, namely the normality test and homogeneity test. The results of the research show that the results of the normality and homogeneity tests show that all data is normally and homogeneously distributed, while the results of the hypothesis test show that the significance value is (0.00 < 0.05), which means that there is a positive and significant influence of the REACT learning strategy with LKPD on ability. Solving mathematics problems for students at SMK Negeri 5 Kepahiang on opportunity material

Significant advancements in empirical sciences have intensified feelings of self-forgetfulness, emptiness, meaninglessness, stress, and loneliness in humans. As a result, individuals in our time more than any other time need a solid foundation for guidance. The belief in "Mahdism," which is a common belief among all Abrahamic religions and has a special prominence in Shia Islam, can serve as a strong and salvific foundation against cognitive, ethical, and psychological crises with utmost effectiveness. In this article, we delve into the various dimensions of this idea from the perspective of Quranic verses and Islamic narrations and its role in addressing various crises in modern society, as well as addressing some intellectual doubts rose against this idea. By referencing religious and rational sources, we will analyze and elucidate the Islamic perspective on the Mahdi and his revolutionary efforts.Modern humans desire peace, wisdom, and justice, which are lofty ideals. Based on historical texts and religious narrations, Imam Mahdi is a figure who will realize these ideals and overthrow the adversaries. Imam Mahdi will establish a government based on justice that will encompass the entire world. He will actualize the Quranic invitation: "Say, O! People of the Book come to a word that is equitable between us and you." (Quran, 3:64).Religious evidence indicates that Imam Mahdi establishes an ideal relationship among individuals and eliminates discord, oppression, and ignorance. He establishes a government based on kindness and mercy by actualizing the Quranic verse "The believers are brothers" (Quran, 49:10). There are over three thousand hadiths from the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) and the impeccable Imams specifically related to the topic of the Imam of the Time. These hadiths can be found in Shia and Sunni texts. It is noteworthy that many renowned Sunni scholars have published specialized books on the topic of the Imam Zaman (AS). Throughout history, the concept of anticipation and hope for a brighter future has been a common belief among nations and religions and will continue to be so. This outlook is intrinsic to humanity. However, the difference lies in the representative of civilization and the leader of global sovereignty. Within the framework of Shia thought, emphasis is placed on the honorable Imam who experiences the hardships of life like any other individual. He holds authority among the people and is a partner in their joys and sorrows. There are two distinct forms of anticipation. The first type is recognized as effective, empowering, and enduring anticipation, which can even be considered a form of selflessness and service to the truth. On the other hand, the second type of anticipation is deemed sinful, destructive, and paralyzing, ultimately leading to captivity.In the contemporary era, there is an increasing consensus that a global leader is necessary to address the multiple crises we are facing. This leader will have the ability to eradicate wars, conflicts, power abuse, colonialism, and other forms of injustice and inequality. However, it is essential to identify an individual with the necessary qualities to fulfill this important role. The global leader who will bear this immense responsibility must serve as a role model.Critics of Shiism believe that according to the beliefs of this school of thought, the hidden Imam must now have lived for almost twelve centuries, which is impossible for any human being. In response, it must be clarified that this criticism is merely based on the improbability of such a scenario, not its impossibility. In fact, a lifespan of this length or even longer is usually impossible, but not logically impossible. However, those who delve into the hadiths of the Prophet of Islam and the impeccable Imams find that they describe this life as miraculous. A miracle is by no means impossible, and it cannot be refuted with scientific arguments. Furthermore, it is strange that these criticisms arise from the People of the Book, including Jews, Christians, and some Muslims, as they themselves accept the miracles of the prophets of God based on their holy scriptures.According to the Islamic traditions and Quranic verses, it can be concluded that Imam Mahdi will appear to restore the position of the heavenly book and the teachings of the Prophet of Islam. He will establish global justice and renew the spiritual essence of the religious community. These are issues that no prophet has succeeded in fully realizing. The real life of the book and tradition lies in implementing global justice. The ultimate goal and purpose of God in creation will be fully realized through the most selfless servants, reformers, and devoted followers of the Prophet of Islam.Imam Mahdi will begin his mission by inviting people to a healthy and civilized life through faith. People worldwide, tired of the trials and tribulations of life and disillusioned with the emptiness of human ideologies, will respond eagerly and wholeheartedly to the call of Mahdi and strive to develop their mental powers and deepen their religious knowledge. Therefore, with determined resolve, leadership, and steadfast support from his loyal followers, Mahdi is poised to create a fundamental framework for a global governing body that upholds justice. The ultimate goal of Islam is to establish global justice (Quran, 57:25). God's definitive promise of victory guarantees the completion of Islam's historical philosophy, especially the triumph of the oppressed: "We wanted to bestow favor upon those who were oppressed in the land and make them leaders and inheritors." (Quran, 28:5) Belief in the Mahdi not only guarantees a hopeful outlook on the future of the world and humanity but also signifies a fundamental progress towards intellectual growth and maturity

The desire to increase resource management efficacy in the construction sector is expanding because of measures to reduce costs, boost productivity, and minimize environmental impact. The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to alter resource management in the construction sector by delivering real-time data and insights that may assist decision-makers in optimizing resource allocation and usage. Incorporating Internet of Things (IoT) technology into the construction sector will be investigated in this study to discover how resource management is affected. The aim of the study is to identify the essential aspects that promote optimal IoT integration and to investigate how IoT may influence resource management. The relations between variables and their fundamental elements are investigated using structural equation modelling (SEM). In the context of building projects, the study analyses how IoT integration influences resource allocation and utilization, real-time monitoring, and proactive maintenance. The building sector in Malaysia provides concepts on IoT in resource management. Based on this research's outcomes, there is a distinct association between the utilization of IoT technology and effective resource management in the construction sector. IoT adoption is affected by a multiplicity of issues, including data analytics, data security and privacy, integration and interoperability, scalability, and flexibility. This study contributes to addressing considerable gaps in the corpus of information on IoT technology integration in the construction sector. It analyses how IoT may effect resource management, emphasizing how IoT technology may enhance the efficacy of human, mechanical, and material resources.

Civil engineering infrastructures are increasingly becoming exposed to seismic loads, and at such a stage there is an increased need for alternative methods to fortify and enhance the resilience. The present study deals with the intricate linkage of internet of things (IoT) devices and the resilience of structures in a seismically affected zone. From the literature, the role of adaptive structural control, data acquisition and transmission, early warning systems, integration with building standards and codes, and real-time analytics and monitoring have been found to be the topmost aspects of ensuring resilience to seismic events. The seismically affected area of concern provides an in-depth analysis of the practical applications of the IoT in buildings in a seismic area. A survey was distributed to 239 respondents, and a very solid 58.99 % response rate proved the interest and participation of the respondents in the study. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the researchers frame a measurement model which is applied to analyze the reliability and validity of the IoT constructs. Further, the bootstrap resampling mechanisms are adopted to test the five hypotheses rigorously. The findings establish robust connections between adaptive structural control, data acquisition, early warning systems, integration with building codes and standards, real-time monitoring and analytics, and IoT, contributing to enhanced seismic resilience. Infrastructure developers can draw management implications from these findings, while empirical researchers can utilize the verified framework to guide future studies.

This research aims to determine the influence of the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model on the mathematical reasoning and problem solving abilities of Mts Ja-Alhaq students in Bengkulu City. This research uses the Quasi Experiment method. Data collection was carried out through tests. Data analysis used the Ancova test. The sample for this research was MTs Ja-alHaq students in Bengkulu City. The results of the research show that: (1) There is a linear influence of covariates on students' mathematical problem reasoning abilities in learning the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) with an influence of 50,7%. (2) There is a linear influence of covariates on students' mathematical problem solving in Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning with a large influence of 14.6%. (3) There is an influence of Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning on students' mathematical problem reasoning abilities with an influence of 78 %. (4) There is an influence of Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning on students' mathematical problem solving abilities with an influence of 55,5%. (5) Students' achievement of mathematical problem reasoning abilities in Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning is better than those taught through conventional learning. (6) Students' mathematical problem solving achievements in Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning are better than those taught through conventional learning

The purpose of this study was to find out how the STAD Cooperative Learning and Mind Mapping models helped 8th graders at SMP Negeri 11 Bengkulu City improve their reflective thinking skills. The design in this study used The-Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. This research is a quasi-experimental research. The total population in this study were 198 people and were all eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 11 Bengkulu City. The sample of this study consisted of 23 students of class VIII G and 19 students of class VIII H. Each sample class held three meetings during the study. The research data shows that the average value of n-gain in the experimental class is 69.21% which is quite effective, and the total value ranges from 33.23% to 82.61% which is classified as good (A). A value is obtained from learning outcomes using the t-test. (2-tailed) = 0.046 < significant level = 0.05 so that the STAD type cooperative learning model assisted by Mind Mapping is said to be able to improve reflective thinking skills in class VIII students at SMP Negeri 11 Kota Bengkulu

This research aims to determine the effect of online learning (Google Classroom) using a scientific approach based on ethnomathematics on the mathematical problem solving and communication abilities of class VIII students at SMPN 02 Bengkulu City. This research is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental method. The population in this study were class VIII students at SMPN 02 Bengkulu City, Even Semester, 2020/2021 Academic Year. The sample for this research was class VIII C students as an experimental class by implementing online learning (Google Classroom) using an ethnomathematics-based scientific approach to mathematical problem solving and communication skills and class VIII A students as a control class by applying conventional learning via WhatsApp. The results of this research show that the Ftable value = 3.99. The results of learning using online (Google Classroom) with conventional learning on problem solving abilities Fcount = 7.9. The results of the problem-solving abilities of students with high abilities and students with low abilities Fcount = 8.86, and the results of the interaction of learning factors and abilities on students' problem-solving abilities Fcount = 7.41. It can be concluded that Fcount > Ftable, then H0 is rejected, so there is an influence of online learning (Google Classroom) using a scientific approach based on ethnomathematics on the problem-solving abilities of class VIII students at SMPN 02 Bengkulu City

Implementing Internet of things (IoT) technology in the context of intelligent buildings and infrastructure development has garnered significant attention within the construction sector. Nonetheless, the implementation of IoT could be improved by assessing various barriers. The purpose of this study was to examine the obstacles related to the adaptation of IoT techniques within the construction sector, as well as the effects on the advancement of intelligent building and infrastructure systems. The study employed a mixed-method approach involving exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine six types of barriers: knowledge, technical, standardization, creativity, complexity, and economics. The study revealed that the implementation of IoT for developing smart construction and infrastructure in the construction sector was significantly influenced by all six constructs. The results of this study offer significant ramifications for the field. The study underscores the necessity for heightened consciousness and instruction regarding the advantages of implementing IoT. The study posits that the technical barriers, including interoperability, modernization of legacy infrastructure, and coordination and collaboration difficulties, require attention from the industry. The study highlights the significance of establishing industry-wide standards and protocols for implementing IoT and regulatory and legal frameworks. Finally, the study underscores the necessity for augmented funding and financing options for IoT endeavors. Subsequent study endeavors may expand upon the present findings by delving into the barriers encountered by alternative sectors and nations and assessing the efficacy of the suggested measures in this investigation.

Traditional games are rooted in a regional culture with educational values that are important for future generations. These educational values, among others, contain various mathematical concepts (geometry). This study aims to improve students' Spatial Nets ability through the outdoor learning-based traditional game 'Baju Simi.' The type of research used is classroom action research. The research subjects were 20 students of class VI Sekolah Dasar Negeri 98 Kaur, Bengkulu. The study was conducted in the Even Semester 2022/2023. The instrument used is a test on 'Spatial Nets' with as many as ten essay questions. In addition, it also uses questionnaire instruments, observation guidelines, and interview guidelines. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results obtained are as follows: (1) In Cycle 1, there was an increase in the ability of 'spatial nets' by 0.21 with low pre-test and post-test scores of 45 and 56.5, respectively; and (2) In Cycle 2, there was an increase in the ability of 'spatial nets' by 0.36 with an average pre-test and post-test score of 53 and 70.25 respectively. As many as 92% of students can understand the meaning of space-building nets correctly. 87% and 82% of students can precisely define the webs of cubes and blocks. This study implies that traditional games can be used as a medium and source of learning mathematics (geometry) in elementary schools so that students are highly motivated (4.2 on a scale of 5) in learning mathematics (geometry).

This study aims to determine the effect of the Everyday Mathematics (EM) Learning Model on Students' Critical and Creative Thinking Ability. This type of research uses the Quasi Experiment method. Data collection is done through tests. Data analysis used the Ancova test. The sample of this research is students of SMPN 01 Lebong class VII.4 and VII.6. The results showed that: There is a linear influence of initial ability covariates on students' critical thinking skills with an effect of 62.6%. There is a linear influence of initial ability covariates on students' creative thinking abilities with an effect of 22.7%. There is an effect of applying the Everyday Mathematics learning model to students' critical thinking skills with an effect of 82.9%. There is an effect of applying the Everyday Mathematics learning model to students' creative thinking abilities with an effect of 6.5%. the achievement of critical thinking skills taught through learning using the Everyday Mathematics learning model is better than that taught through conventional learning. the achievement of creative thinking skills taught through learning using the Everyday Mathematics learning model is better than that taught through conventional learning

This study aims to determine the effect of the Search, Solve, Create and Share (SSCS) model on Problem Solving and creative thinking skills. This type of research is a quasi-experiment. The population of this study were all students of class XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Kaur. The instrument of this research is a test of mathematical problem-solving ability and mathematical creative thinking ability. The results showed that there were: (1) the linear effect of initial ability covariates on students' problem-solving abilities with an effect of 7.9%. (2) the linear effect of initial ability covariates on students' mathematical creative thinking abilities with an effect of 42.9%. (3) the linear effect of initial ability covariates on students' mathematical creative thinking abilities with an effect of 42.9%. (4) the effect of using the SSCS learning model on students' problem-solving abilities by 7.7%. (5) the achievement of problem-solving abilities of class XI MIA SMAN 4 Kaur students who were taught using the SSCS learning model was higher than classes taught by conventional learning models. (6) the achievement of creative thinking abilities of class XI MIA SMAN 4 Kaur who were taught using the learning model SSCS is higher than classes taught by conventional learning models

This study aims to determine the effect of the Intruction Connection Application Reflection and Extention (ICARE) Learning Model on Students' Problem-Solving Ability and Critical Thinking Ability. This type of research uses the Quasi Experiment method. Data collection is done through tests. Data analysis used the Ancova test. The sample of this study were students of SMPIT Darul Fikri Bengkulu Utara grades VII A and VII B. The results showed that: 1) There was a linear covariate effect of initial ability on problem solving ability with a significant influence of 50.3%. 2) There is a linear influence of the initial ability covariate on critical thinking skills with a large influence of 56.7%. 3) There is an effect of learning using the ICARE model on students' problem-solving abilities with a large influence of 59.9%. 4) There is an influence of learning using the ICARE model on students' critical thinking skills with a large influence of 59.4%.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the problem-based learning (PBL) model on students' creative thinking abilities and self-efficacy. The type of research used is quasi-experimental. This research was conducted at senior high school Sukakarya Musi Rawas with a population of all class X students totaling 114 students. The sample was selected by simple random sampling technique with class X MIA 1 as the experimental class and class X MIA 3 as the control class with 30 students each. Data collection methods are observation, tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used multivariate statistical tests analysis of variance. The results of the study show that: there is a significant effect of using the PBL model on students' creative thinking abilities. There is a significant influence of students' Self-Efficacy abilities using the PBL model on students' mathematical problem-solving abilities

This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning Approach assisted by Augmented Reality on the Ability to Solve Mathematical Problems at SMK Negeri 1 Lebong. This type of research was a Quasi Experiment which was carried out at Lebong 1 State Vocational School in class X for the 2022/2023 Academic Year with the research population being all of class X, totaling 88 people. Samples were taken by random sampling technique for class X Multimedia 1, totaling 22 people as the experimental class and X Multimedia 2, totaling 20 people as the control class. Data collection instruments were carried out through tests with data analysis techniques using MANOVA. The results showed that there were: (1) The effect of the Problem Based Learning approach with the help of Augmented Reality on the ability to solve mathematical problems. (1) The effect of the Augmented Reality Problem Based Learning approach on problem solving ability is 58.6%. (2) The achievement of mathematical problem-solving skills of class X Multimedia 1 students taught by AR-assisted PBL approach is higher than the class taught by conventional learning models

This study aims to determine the effect of the Course Review Horay Model on the Problem-Solving Ability of Class X Students of SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu City. This type of research uses Quasi Experiments. Data collection is done through tests. Data analysis used the Ancova test. The research sample was students at SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu City class X MIPA 2 and X MIPA 5. The results showed that: (1) There was an effect of the Course Review Horay learning model on the problem-solving abilities of students in class X SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu City by 31%. (2) There was an influence of the Course Review Horay Model on the problem-solving abilities of class X students at SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu City after controlling for the covariate of students' initial ability of 38.5%. (3) The problem-solving ability achievement of class X students at SMA Negeri 4 Bengkulu City was taught using Learning the Course Review Horay model is better than classes taught by conventional learning

This study aims to determine the effect of the Rigorous Mathematical Thinking learning on Students' Mathematical Literacy ability. This type of research uses the Quasi Experiment method. Data collection is done through tests. Data analysis used the Ancova test. The sample of this study were students of SMA Negeri 2 Bengkulu City in class VII I and VII K. The results showed that: (1) there was a linear covariate effect of initial ability on students' mathematical literacy abilities with an effect of 26,5%, (2) there was an effect of Rigorous Mathematical Thinking learning on students' mathematical literacy abilities with an effect of 62,6%, and (3) there was a higher mathematical literacy abilities achievement for class VII students of SMP Negeri 2 Bengkulu City who are taught using Rigorous Mathematical Thinking learning compared to classes taught with conventional learning

This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of the Treffinger Learning Model in Improving the Ability to Understand Mathematical Concepts and Critical Thinking Skills of SMA Negeri 2 Bengkulu City Students in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year with the research population being all students of class XI, totaling 1,284 students and a research sample of 72 students consisting of 2 classes namely class XI MIPA U as the experimental class and class XI MIPA A as the control class. The research instrument is a test of understanding mathematical concepts and critical thinking skills. Data analysis was performed using the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test. The results showed that there was an influence of the Treffinger learning model on understanding mathematical concepts and critical thinking skills together at 78.7%. Furthermore, the effect of the Treffinger learning model on understanding mathematical concepts is 72.3% and the influence of the Treffinger learning model on critical thinking skills is 78.6%. The average score of students in the class taught by the Treffinger learning model is higher than that of students taught by using the Scientific learning model. The average understanding of mathematical concepts in the experimental class was 80.667 and the control class was 62.5. The average critical thinking ability in the experimental class was 78.13 and in the control class was 58.76

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents with potent anti-inflammatory properties and diverse clinical implications. This in-depth review article explores the mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory actions of GLP-1RAs and assesses their prospective applicability in a wide range of disease scenarios. The current review establishes the significance of comprehending the anti-inflammatory role of GLP-1RAs and identifies pertinent research gaps. A concise overview of inflammation and its clinical consequences underscores the critical need for effective anti-inflammatory interventions. Subsequently, the article elucidates the intricate mechanisms through which GLP-1RAs modulate immune cell signaling and regulate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Detailed discussions encompass their impact on inflammatory responses, cytokine production, and attenuation of oxidative stress. The exposition is substantiated by a collection of pertinent examples and an extensive array of references from both preclinical and clinical investigations. The historical trajectory of GLP-1RA drugs, including exenatide, lixisenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide, is traced to delineate their development as therapeutic agents. Moreover, the review emphasizes the therapeutic potential of GLP-1RAs in specific disease contexts like type 2 diabetes, a neurodegenerative disorder, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), shedding light on their anti-inflammatory effects through rigorous examination of preclinical and clinical studies. The article also provides an outlook on future perspectives for GLP-1RAs, encompassing the domains of diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and IBD. In conclusion, GLP-1RAs exhibit substantial anti-inflammatory effects, rendering them promising therapeutic agents with broad clinical implications. They are very useful in a wide variety of diseases because they regulate immunological responses, block NF-κB activation, and decrease production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Ongoing research endeavors aim to optimize their therapeutic use, delineate patient-specific treatment paradigms, and explore novel therapeutic applications. GLP-1RAs represent a significant breakthrough in anti-inflammatory therapy, offering novel treatment options, and improved patient outcomes.

This study aims to analyze the effect of math phobia, locus of control, and adversity quotient on the mathematical literacy skills of junior high school students. This type of research is ex post facto research in the form of correlation. The population in this study were all class VII students of SMPQ Darul Maarif and SMP IT Hidayatul Falah Rejang Lebong. The sampling technique used random simple sampling in which 47 students were selected at SMPQ Darul Maarif and 50 students at SMP IT Hidayatul Falah Rejang Lebong. The collection was carried out using a mathematics phobia, locus of control, and adversity quotient questionnaire and test sheets for students' mathematical literacy abilities. Research data were analyzed using path analysis techniques (path analysis). Research shows that there is a significant positive effect both simultaneously and partially between math phobia, locus of control, and adversity quotient on mathematical literacy skills

One of the disputed issues between Shias, Jews, and Christians is the issue of the infallibility of divine prophets. Shia theologians believe in the infallibility of all divine prophets, although they disagree on its limits. On the other hand, Jews have attributed infallibility to Prophet Moses (PBUH) based on the Torah, and Christians have attributed it to Jesus (PBUH) based on the Bible. Therefore, in the present article, with the Shiite theological approach, the problem of the infallibility of the prophets in the Qur'an and the Testaments has been examined. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical, and finally, based on the narrative and rational evidence of Shia theologians, it was found that divine prophets have infallibility.

Project failure is a persistent challenge in the construction industry, rendering it one of the most demanding sectors. Many obstacles, including safety concerns, quality management issues, environmental preservation challenges, economic sustainability, privacy constraints, and legal regulations, weigh heavily on construction projects. However, a beacon of hope emerges in AI-powered drones capable of surmounting these challenges and paving the path to resounding project success. This study employed diverse methodologies, engaging subject-matter experts through interviews and conducting pilot and primary surveys. Our analytical arsenal featured Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for the pilot survey and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) for the primary survey. Our research revolves around a singular mission: elevating building project success by dismantling the barriers that have impeded the widespread adoption of AI-driven drones in construction. The study’s verdict is clear: privacy and legal constraints, coupled with economic and sustainability challenges, alongside human resource management dilemmas, constitute the formidable triumvirate obstructing the ubiquitous embrace of drones in construction. Yet, the impact of breaching these barriers reverberates far beyond overcoming these hurdles. It cascades into public health and safety, environmental conservation, quality management, and economic sustainability, culminating in an amalgam of enhanced Building Project Success. The implications of our findings are profound for the construction industry. They beckon the sector to confront and surmount the legal and regulatory barriers to adopting AI-based drones. A clarion call to invest in human resources to empower technology integration resounds. And, perhaps most importantly, it beckons the industry to embrace the profound economic and sustainability advantages of embracing these cutting-edge technologies. Furthermore, our study underscores that adopting AI-powered drones in construction is not merely about project success; it catalyzes fostering public health, safeguarding the environment, ensuring top-tier quality management, and fortifying economic sustainability. These interwoven facets illuminate the broader canvas of drone technology’s transformative role in construction.

Many high school students have difficulty learning probability material. Meanwhile, probability is very important to be applied in everyday life, for example, in estimating and drawing conclusions based on the analysis of an experiment. Therefore, students' understanding of probabilities needs to be improved through learning that invites students to real situations. This study aims to improve the mathematics learning outcomes of probability topics (counting, permutations, combinations, and probabilities) through ethnomathematical outdoor learning based on the game 'Gotri Ayo Gotri (GAG)' for XII Class senior high school. The research method is a classroom action research with the following cycle stages: planning, action, reflection, and evaluation. The research subjects were 33 students (20 female students and 13 male students). The research instrument was a learning outcome test about the probability of as many as five items. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study are as follows: outdoor learning based on the ethnomathematics of the game 'Gotri Ayo Gotri (GAG)' can improve mathematics learning outcomes on probability topics with an average score of cycle 1 of 65.91, cycle 2 of 79.97, and cycle three score of 89.97. The novelty in this research is the form of the traditional Bengkulu GAG game. As an alternative to learning, it is recommended for high school mathematics teachers to apply traditional game-based learning outside the classroom to increase motivation and learning outcomes in mathematics.

Abstract The water penetration in soil is investigated numerically using the finite element method (FEM) in a novel way. In the suggested method, new spherical Hankel shape functions are used and the finite element method is reformulated based on them. These new functions are obtained from the first and second kind of Bessel functions. The properties of Hankel shape functions lead to having more accuracy and robustness for the proposed method with low number of elements. To validate the suggested approach, at first, a boundary value problem is solved and the results are compared with the available analytical solution. Then, in order to prove the efficiency and applicability of the present model in the seepage problems, five examples including saturated and unsaturated flow in porous media are studied and the hydraulic head is calculated. Afterward, the results obtained from the classical and new method are compared together. The comparisons indicate that the suggested method with the low number of elements is more precise than the classic FEM with the same mesh.

Highlights • Physical inactivity during COVID-19 lockdowns may damage health. • Risk of contamination by aerosols is higher during high-intensity urban outdoor exercise. • Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) could play key role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission during exercise. • How ACE2 serum concentration changes as function of exercise intensity and duration must be studied to elucidate role of this enzyme.

This study aims to determine the basic concepts and values of mathematics contained in traditional Bengkulu musical instruments in elementary schools. The urgency of this research is to use regional culture in learning mathematics theoretically and practically as a medium and source of learning mathematics through learning outside the classroom to achieve the objectives of learning mathematics in elementary schools. This research method is a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. Data sources are in the form of traditional Bengkulu musical instruments, namely dhol, tassa, long drums, and serunai. Other data sources are documents and interviews with experts and practitioners of Bengkulu traditional musical instruments. The data were analyzed qualitatively with the method of content analysis. The result of this study shows that the basic mathematical concepts in Bengkulu traditional musical instruments are points, lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, kites, circles, tubes, half balls, cut balls, cut cones, universes, and patterns. At the same time, the mathematical values contained in traditional Bengkulu musical instruments are obeying the rules, consistency, creativity, and cooperation. Therefore, as an alternative to effective learning in elementary schools, Bengkulu traditional musical instruments can be used as a medium and source of learning mathematics outside the classroom.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory infections in young children worldwide. RSV-associated deaths in children are underreported in Bangladesh. We analyzed hospital-based surveillance data on severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) in under-five children before (August 2009–February 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020–March 2022). Using the World Health Organization definition, we identified SARI cases in 14 tertiary-level hospitals. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected for real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing of six respiratory viruses, including RSV. SARI deaths during the pandemic (2.6%, 66) were higher than pre-pandemic (1.8%, 159; p < 0.001). Nearly half of pandemic deaths (47%) had underlying respiratory viruses, similar to the pre-pandemic rate (45%). RSV detection in deaths was consistent pre-pandemic (13%, 20/159) and during the pandemic (12%, 8/66). Children aged < 6 months constituted 57% (16) of RSV-related deaths. Evaluating interventions like maternal vaccination and infant monoclonal antibody prophylaxis is crucial to address RSV, a major contributor to under-five SARI deaths.

The purpose of this study was to test the compatibility of theoretical and empirical structural equations on the relationship between mathematical connection skills, mathematical reasoning, and mathematical problem-solving abilities of junior high school students. This is an ex-post facto research at SMP N 1 Bengkulu City. The population of this study was 296 people, and the sample was selected through a simple random technique of 100 people. Data collection techniques through tests with three research instruments. The three instruments are a mathematical problem-solving ability test, a mathematical reasoning ability test, and a mathematical connection ability test that have been valid and reliable based on expert tests and field tests. The data was tested using the Lisrel 8.8 application program. The results of the study are the P-valued of 0.05, RMSEA ≤ 0.08; NFI ≥ 0.90, NNFI ≥ 0.90; CFI ≥ 0.90; IFI ≥ 0.90; RFI ≥ 0.90; RMR ≤ 0.05; SRMR ≤ 0.05; GFI ≥ 0.90; and 0.8≤AGFI≤0.9; then the fit test for the complete structural equation model is good fit. It means that the theoretical structural equation model is compatible with the empirical structural equation model. Thus, the overall fit test of the model shows a fit model, and it can be concluded that the empirical structural equation model is compatible with the theoretical model.

PurposeFast and automated plan generation is desirable in radiation therapy (RT), in particular, for MR-guided online adaptive RT (MRgOART) or real-time (intrafractional) adaptive RT (MRgRART), to reduce replanning time. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using deep learning to quickly predict deliverable adaptive plans based on a target dose distribution for MRgOART/MRgRART.MethodsA conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) was trained to predict the MLC leaf sequence corresponding to a target dose distribution based on reference plan created prior to MRgOART using a 1.5T MR-Linac. The training dataset included 50 ground truth dose distributions and corresponding beam parameters (aperture shapes and weights) created during MRgOART for 10 pancreatic cancer patients (each with five fractions). The model input was the dose distribution from each individual beam and the output was the predicted corresponding field segments with specific shape and weight. Patient-based leave-one-out-cross-validation was employed and for each model trained, four (44 training beams) out of five fractionated plans of the left-out patient were set aside for testing purposes. We deliberately kept a single fractionated plan in the training dataset so that the model could learn to replan the patient based on a prior plan. The model performance was evaluated by calculating the gamma passing rate of the ground truth dose vs. the dose from the predicted adaptive plan and calculating max and mean dose metrics.ResultsThe average gamma passing rate (95%, 3mm/3%) among 10 test cases was 88%. In general, we observed 95% of the prescription dose to PTV achieved with an average 7.6% increase of max and mean dose, respectively, to OARs for predicted replans. Complete adaptive plans were predicted in ≤20 s using a GTX 1660TI GPU.ConclusionWe have proposed and demonstrated a deep learning method to generate adaptive plans automatically and rapidly for MRgOART. With further developments using large datasets and the inclusion of patient contours, the method may be implemented to accelerate MRgOART process or even to facilitate MRgRART.

هدف: تصمیم‌گیری مجموعه‌ای است از فعالیت‌های ذهنی که میان راه‌حل‌های مختلف ایجاد می‌شود؛ به همین دلیل از ابعاد تصمیم‌گیری می‌توان به بُعد خِردمندانه اشاره کرد. این نوع تصمیم‌گیری، از نوع تفکر و ویژگی درونی یک فرد به‌شمار می‌رود که به آن تصمیم‌های سنجیده‌تر گفته می‌شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، ارائه الگوی مفهومی تصمیم‌گیری خِردمندانه در حوزه حسابرسی است.روش: رویکرد پژوهش کیفی است و با استفاده از نظریه زمینه‌ای اجرا شده است. داده‌های پژوهش از طریق مصاحبه با مدیران جامعه حسابداران رسمی ایران، سازمان بورس اوراق بهادار تهران و افراد صاحب‌نظر در زمینه حسابرسی جمع‌آوری و تجزیه‌وتحلیل شده است. نمونه‌گیری نیز به‌روش نظری بوده است.یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش، به ارائه الگوی مفهومی، مبتنی بر پاردایم استراوس و کوربین منجر شد که از تحلیل داده‌های متنی و استخراج 25 کد باز و انتزاع آن‌ها به 4 مقوله اصلی به‌دست آمد.نتیجه‌گیری: تحلیل‌ها نشان می‌دهد که «خِرد در تصمیم‌گیری حسابرسان» مقوله محوری است. در پژوهش حاضر، بر اساس مصاحبه‌های انجام‌شده، روی عواملی همچون ویژگی‌های شخصیتی، مهارت‌های حسابرسان و خدمات حسابرسان در جهت تصمیم‌گیری خِردمندانه حسابرسان تأکید بیشتری شده است و این عوامل می‌تواند بر تصمیم‌های حسابرسان برای اظهارنظر در ارتباط با صورت‌های مالی تأثیرگذار باشد.

In this paper, the numerical manifold method (NMM) with a 9-node quadrilateral element and a 10-node triangular element is developed. Furthermore, complex Fourier shape functions are used to improve the 9-node quadrilateral NMM. Also, the two approaches of higher-order NMM construction are compared, increasing the order of weight functions or local approximation ones; for this purpose, six-node triangular and three-node triangular using second-order and third-order NMM is used. For validation of the suggested method, one free vibration and two forced vibration numerical examples are assessed. The results show that the proposed methods are more accurate than conventional NMM. In addition, the superiority of complex Fourier shape functions compared to classical Lagrange ones in improving accuracy is perceived.

The construction industry has been significantly transformed by the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM), which has facilitated extensive project management capabilities across the entire life cycle. Notwithstanding its advantages, there exist certain limitations that hinder its extensive implementation. This study aims to investigate the disparities related to the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) by conducting a thorough analysis of factors such as data interoperability, standardization, collaboration, skill gaps, and resistance to change. The data were collected through a preliminary pilot survey and a primary questionnaire. The collected data were then subjected to analysis using two statistical techniques: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). This study reveals noteworthy associations between the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and several crucial factors, including Continuous Integration (CI), Monitoring and Control (MC), Project Management (PM), Resolution and Performance (RP), Structural Management (SM), Sustainability Administration (SA), and Value Management (VM). This study provides valuable insights for professionals and policymakers, offering recommendations to enhance the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and advocating for additional research on complementary factors. Through the identification and subsequent resolution of recognized shortcomings, Building Information Modeling (BIM) can be employed in a proficient manner to augment collaboration, mitigate costs, optimize energy efficiency, and implement sustainable construction methodologies. The present study makes a substantial contribution to the progress of Building Information Modeling (BIM) adoption and the efficient management of construction project life cycles.

The potential of Industry 4.0 digitization practices to improve sustainability and enhance overall project performance has garnered significant attention in the construction industry. Nonetheless, there is a necessity for empirical investigations that delve into the particular factors and constructs that contribute to this achievement. This research aims to address the existing gap in the literature by examining the favorable consequences of Industry 4.0 digitalization techniques in the context of sustainable construction management. The research utilized a mixed-methods methodology, integrating exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM), to examine survey data obtained from the construction sector in China. The survey questionnaire comprised constructs that pertained to sustainability, technology, design, functional aspects, resource management, and managerial efficiency. The concept of sustainability has been identified as the most significant factor in shaping sustainable construction practices. The findings presented herein contribute to the theoretical comprehension of the determinants that impact the execution of Industry 4.0 digitalization methodologies within the construction sector. The interrelated constructs that have been identified provide valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers seeking to utilize Industry 4.0 practices to achieve sustainability, enhance technology adoption, optimize design processes, streamline functional aspects, improve resource utilization, and increase managerial efficiency. Implementing these strategies can enhance project success and ensure long-term sustainability in the construction industry. This research adds to the expanding pool of information regarding the factors that lead to success in Industry 4.0 digitization practices within sustainable construction management.

Construction is dangerous, making safety management essential. Robotics process automation (RPA) can improve construction project risk management. RPA is hindered by several factors. This study examined the primary technical, economic, legal, privacy, and resource obstacles to RPA adoption for tall building safety management. The pilot survey comprised 161 Malaysian tall building specialists, while the full questionnaire poll included 231 experts. EFA and SEM analyzed the data. Technology, economics, legislation, privacy, and resources prevented RPA from managing tall building safety. Theoretical and empirical breakthroughs in construction safety management and RPA deployment prompted this inquiry. This study illuminates the main obstacles to employing RPA for tall building safety management. The results show where to spend time and money to eliminate the obstacles. The study’s management implications may benefit construction safety managers, project managers, and company owners. The findings may help the building industry plan RPA safety management in tall projects and overcome hurdles. This study contributes to construction safety management and RPA deployment theory by identifying and analyzing the main barriers to using RPA for safety management in high-rise buildings. This research can help solve the problems preventing RPA from being used in construction project safety management.

Immunotherapy has been recently considered as a promising alternative for cancer treatment. Indeed, targeting of immune checkpoint (ICP) strategies have shown significant success in human malignancies. However, despite remarkable success of cancer immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer (PCa), many of the developed immunotherapy methods show poor therapeutic outcomes in PCa with no or few effective treatment options thus far. In this process, immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is found to be the main obstacle to the effectiveness of antitumor immune response induced by an immunotherapy method. In this paper, the latest findings on the ICPs, which mediate immunosuppression in the TME have been reviewed. In addition, different approaches for targeting ICPs in the TME of PCa have been discussed. This review has also synopsized the cutting-edge advances in the latest studies to clinical applications of ICP-targeted therapy in PCa.

Urbanization in the dynamics of development in Makassar City has an impact on increasing population, poverty, social change, acculturation of community culture, marginalization, differences in lifestyle, socio-economic inequality, complexity of space use, slum settlements, and a decrease in environmental quality. This study aims to analyze: (1) Community participation and socio-cultural changes work as determinants of handling urban slum settlements, (2) The influence of community participation, improving the quality of infrastructure, improving the quality of the environment, and changing the socio-cultural community on the sustainability of city development, and (3) Formulate a model for handling slum settlements, community participation, and community social culture towards the sustainability of urban development. This study uses a qualitative-quantitative approach sequentially. Data were obtained through observation, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), surveys, and documentation. The results showed that community participation, improving the quality of infrastructure, improving the quality of the environment, and socio-cultural changes simultaneously affected the sustainability of Makassar City development. Furthermore, the implementation of the program to improve the quality of slums followed by community participation and accompanied by socio-cultural changes will encourage the creation of equitable development, improve the quality of slum settlements, and improve community welfare towards the creation of social cohesion, increase community productivity, and harmonization of community life towards sustainability development of Makassar City, Indonesia.

One of the main challenges facing fluids of production from horizontal wells is an irregular influx along a horizontal section because of various drawdown across the wellbore due to heterogeneity in permeability. As a result, horizontal wells suffer from early water or gas breakthrough and declining recovery factor of hydrocarbons. To avoid this problem lower completion becomes more reservoir management-oriented by installing inflow control devices (ICDs) which used to balance influx along the horizontal well section, increase sweeping efficiency and improve oil recovery . This paper focuses on the Inflow Control devices (ICDs) to identify the advantages of ICD completion, ICD applications types, what their strengths and weaknesses are, limitations of this technology and recommendations for choosing it, including the Libyan Case Study of Bouri Field in Libya. In the absence of Inflow Control devices, the gas and water flow influence oil well production, causing a reduction in oil rate, increased water and gas rate cause further oil recovery reduction, and limitations in the surface's capacity of water and gas treatment facilities.

Abstract Background In 2016, in a lead poisoning outbreak in Iran, physicians reported thousands of opium users who presented to emergency departments (EDs) with intractable severe abdominal pain which did not respond to any narcotic medication. During the same period of time, we investigated the efficacy of intravenous calcium gluconate in alleviating lead-induced abdominal pain. Methods In a single-center, single blinded, randomized controlled trial, a convenient sample of adult opium-addicted patients who presented to an academic ED with abdominal pain and had an initial diagnosis of lead poisoning were included and randomly subjected to two treatment groups receiving conventional treatment (morphine 0.1 mg/kg + normal saline; group 1) and conventional treatment plus 1 g of intravenous calcium gluconate (group 2) to alleviate their abdominal pain. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was determined by each patient (0 to 100 mm) before treatment, and 15, 30, and 60 min after intervention. Results A total of 50 patients (25 in each group) were enrolled. Blood lead levels, VAS scores before treatment, and mean administered dose of morphine were similar between the two groups. After treatment, mean VAS score dropped to 64.7± 10.4 vs. 67.1± 10.9 at 15 min (P = 0.437), 64.6± 10.9 vs. 58.0 ± 11.2 at 30 min (P = 0.041), and 63.8± 10.7 vs. 53.6± 10.9 at 60 min (P = 0.002) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusion Intravenous calcium gluconate administration along with morphine can improve abdominal pain in lead poisoning due to the ingestion of lead-contaminated opium. Further interventional studies are recommended to see if response to calcium salts in suspected lead-induced abdominal pain can rule in lead toxicity. Trial registration IRCT20171009036661N2 . Registered 27 May 2018 - Retrospectively registered,

Objective. To evaluate the knowledge level and practice of pediatricians and pediatric residents regarding children’s oral health in Kuwait. Subjects and Methods. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was distributed to pediatricians and pediatric residents practicing in Kuwait. Data concerning demographic variables, knowledge on dental caries preventive measures, current anticipatory guidance, and experience with dental problems and oral care were collected using online and paper-based surveys. Results. A total of 230 completed the survey with a response rate of 50.1%. Most respondents (81%) had noticed dental caries in children more frequently. Two-thirds of respondents felt confident in detecting dental caries. However, more than two-thirds were unfamiliar with preventive dental practices and the management of dental trauma. Only 16.5% of the respondents got satisfactory knowledge score on the preventive measures questions, and nearly 51% got satisfactory knowledge on the recent anticipatory guidance questions. No significant correlations were found between gender or years of practice and knowledge scores. Respondents’ confidence in detecting caries was significantly associated with the knowledge score of the anticipatory guidance (p=0.003). Conclusion. Dental caries is an oral problem commonly encountered by many pediatricians and pediatric residents in Kuwait. The majority has adequate knowledge of the current anticipatory guidance of oral health issues, but they have insufficient knowledge levels on oral preventative measures. Adequate education and training in oral health are highly recommended.

عانى المجتمع العراقي من المحن وكوارث الحروب ما عاناه أبان حكم النظام الدكتاتوري السابق والمآسي التي صنعت معانات رهيبة عاشها المجتمع العراقي نتيجة لسياسات وتصرفات انفرادية غير منضبطة التي أدخلت البلد بدوامة الحروب منذ بدایة الثمانینیات من القرن الماضي، عاش العراق سنوات طویلة ومتواصلة من الازمات حین خاض غمار حربین وحصاراً اقتصادیاً منذ اب1990 ثم احتلال العراق عام 2003 وذاق ويلاتها حتى أدت إلى تدهور التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والإنسانية وكل هذه التطورات تركت آثار وتداعیات خطیرة على الأوضاع المجتمعیة للعراق من الناحیة المادیة والبشریة واحدثت تصدعا في بنائها وتوازنها ووظائفها . وعلى صعید اخر أحدثت تلك الظروف تلوثا في المناخ النفسي والاجتماعي على ارض الواقع الذي صار مشبعا بغبار العداوة والاستعداء بین أبنائها هناك حقیقة ان تأثيرات الحرب على المجتمع وما ترتب علیها من مشاكل في الجوانب القیمیة والأخلاقیة والعلاقات العامة للمجتمع هي المعضلة الأكثر تأثيرا وتعقیدا لما بعد الحرب خاصة انها تبقى مائلة الى حد طویل من الصعب التنبؤ بآثارها في مجتمع مثل المجتمع العراقي.