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1. The Cabrières Biota (France) provides insights into Ordovician polar ecosystems

Author

Saleh, Farid, Lustri, Lorenzo, Gueriau, Pierre, Potin, Gaëtan J.-M., Pérez-Peris, Francesc, Laibl, Lukáš, Jamart, Valentin, Vite, Antoine, Antcliffe, Jonathan B., Daley, Allison C., Nohejlová, Martina, Dupichaud, Christophe, Schöder, Sebastian, Bérard, Emilie, Lynch, Sinéad, Drage, Harriet B., Vaucher, Romain, Vidal, Muriel, Monceret, Eric, Monceret, Sylvie, and Lefebvre, Bertrand

Published
2024
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18. Low Complexity Intra-prediction Algorithm for Video Coding Standards

Author

Saleh, Farid Z., Sayed, Samir G., Mohamed, Amr E., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory editor, Hassanien, Aboul Ella, editor, Shaalan, Khaled, editor, Gaber, Tarek, editor, and Tolba, Mohamed F., editor

Published
2018
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21. A unique record of prokaryote cell pyritization.

Author

Barling, Nathan, Saleh, Farid, and Xiaoya Ma

Abstract

Prokaryotes, including bacteria, are a major component of both modern and ancient ecosystems. Although fossilized prokaryotes are commonly discovered in sedimentary rocks, it is rare to find them preserved in situ alongside macrofossils, particularly as pyritized cells in sites of exceptional fossil preservation. We examined prokaryotes preserved in the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil and demonstrate the widespread presence of spherical microorganisms preserved on the surface of Crato invertebrate fossils. These microorganisms were pyritized, covering decaying carcasses, 1.14 ± 0.01 µm in size, hollow with smooth surfaces, and can be found as aggregates resembling modern prokaryotes, particularly, coccoid bacterial colonies. It is likely that the observed microorganisms covered the carcasses before permissive conditions were established for pyritization, which must have been so rapid as to inhibit the autolysis of their delicate membranes. This is a new record of prokaryote fossils preserved in pyrite in association with macrofossils, which highlights the unique diagenetic and paleoenvironmental conditions of the Crato Formation that facilitated this mode of fossilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Cambrian and Ordovician diversity fluctuations could be resolved through a single ecological hypothesis.

Author

SALEH, FARID, ANTCLIFFE, JONATHAN B., LUSTRI, LORENZO, DALEY, ALLISON C., and GIBERT, CORENTIN

Subjects
*ANIMAL dispersal, *BIOLOGICAL extinction, *GENETIC speciation, *HYPOTHESIS
Abstract

It is hypothesized that the contrast observed between different Cambrian and Ordovician diversity trends could be explained by an ecological process linking animal dispersal with speciation and extinction rates. During the Early Ordovician (possibly earlier), local dispersal (within the same region) occurred asynchronously. When dispersal occurred following environmental changes, invading taxa could have triggered the disappearance of specialized ones, that were unable to adapt to these changes, eventually leading to increased extinction rates. Where local dispersal did not occur, the increase in diversity would have not been obscured by extinctions. This complex interplay of events during the Early Ordovician gave rise to intricate diversity patterns in the Middle Ordovician. The Middle Ordovician is characterized by a particular palaeogeographical context favouring speciation during episodes of inter-regional dispersal. Speciation rates would be partially obscured if local dispersal did not occur in the Early Ordovician, as more specialized taxa that survived the Early Ordovician will eventually go extinct during regional Middle Ordovician dispersal. As such, the contrasting diversity trends may be the result of the asynchronicity of dispersal between animal groups and regions during the Cambrian and the Ordovician. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. New fossil assemblages from the Early Ordovician Fezouata Biota

Author

Saleh, Farid, primary, Vaucher, Romain, additional, VIDAL, Muriel, additional, HARIRI, Khadija EL, additional, Laibl, Lukáš, additional, Daley, Allison, additional, Gutiérrez-Marco, Juan Carlos, additional, Candela, Yves, additional, Harper, David, additional, Ortega-Hernández, Javier, additional, Ma, Xiaoya, additional, Rida, Ariba, additional, Vizcaïno, Daniel, additional, and Lefebvre, Bertrand, additional

Published
2022
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28. Découverte de nouveaux sites à préservation exceptionnelle dans l'Ordovicien du Massif armoricain et de la Montagne Noire (France) : une approche prédictive

Author

Lefebvre, Bertrand, Monceret, Eric, Pittet, Bernard, Saleh, Farid, Vizcaïno, Daniel, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SGF, CNRS, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon ou l’étude de la Terre, des planètes et de l’environnement, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Sciencesconf.org, CCSD, and LEFEBVRE, Bertrand

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Montagne Noire, Ordovicien, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Massif armoricain, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Lagerstätten, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, modèle prédictif
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

31. Large trilobites in a stress-free Early Ordovician environment

Author

Saleh, Farid, Vidal, Muriel, Laibl, Lukáš, Sansjofre, Pierre, Guériau, Pierre, Perez Peris, Francesc, Lustri, Lorenzo, Lucas, Victoire, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Pittet, Bernard, and Daley, Allison

Subjects
Palaeontology, Arthropod, body size, Palaeozoic, Fezouata Shale
Abstract

Understanding variations in body size is essential for deciphering the response of an organism to its surrounding environmental conditions and its ecological adaptations. In modern environments, large marine animals are mostly found in cold waters. However, numerous parameters can influence body-size variations other than temperatures, such as oxygenation, nutrient availability, predation or physical disturbances by storms. Here, we investigate trilobite size variations in the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Shale deposited in a cold-water environment. Trilobite assemblages dominated by small- to normal-sized specimens that are a few centimetres in length are found in proximal and intermediate settings, while those comprising larger taxa more than 20 cm in length are found in the most distal environment of the Fezouata Shale. Drill core material from distal settings shows that sedimentary rocks hosting large trilobites preserved in situ are extensively bioturbated with a high diversity of trace fossils, indicating that oxygen and nutrients were available in this environment. In intermediate and shallow settings, bioturbation is less extensive and shallower in depth. The rarity of storm events (minimal physical disturbance) and the lack of predators in deep environments in comparison to shallower settings would also have helped trilobites attain larger body sizes. This highly resolved spatial study investigating the effects of numerous biotic and abiotic parameters on body size has wider implications for the understanding of size fluctuations over geological time.

Published
2021

33. Iron from continental weathering dictated soft‐part preservation during the Early Ordovician.

Author

Saleh, Farid, Lucas, Victoire, Pittet, Bernard, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Lalonde, Stefan V., and Sansjofre, Pierre

Subjects
*RARE earth metals, *ISLAND arcs, *BACTERIAL cell walls, *SHALE, *WEATHERING, *IRON
Abstract

The Fezouata Shale in Morocco is the most diverse Lower Ordovician unit yielding soft‐tissue preservation. Iron played a crucial role in the preservation of soft parts in this formation through the damage of bacterial membranes under oxic conditions and the pyritization of soft parts under the activity of bacterial sulphate reduction. However, the origin of Fe in this formation remains largely speculative. Herein, trace and rare earth elements were investigated in drilled‐core sediments from the Fezouata Shale. It is shown that a correlation exists between Fe and Al suggesting that most Fe has a detrital source. Elemental concentrations in the Fezouata Shale are most comparable to rivers and are the least similar to loess and sediments deposited near active island arcs. In this sense, continental weathering and its related Fe in river fluxes dictated occurrences of exceptional fossil preservation in the Fezouata Shale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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34. Biogenic Iron Preserves Structures during Fossilization: A Hypothesis

Author

Saleh, Farid, Daley, Allison, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Pittet, Bernard, Perrillat, Jean-Philippe, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

35. Les Fezouata : le Burgess Shale ordovicien du Maroc

Author

Lefebvre, Bertrand, Akodad, Mustapha, El Hariri, Khadija, Gutierrez-Marco, Juan-Carlos, Kouraïss, Khaoula, Pittet, Bernard, Saleh, Farid, Servais, Thomas, Vidal, Muriel, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), LEFEBVRE, Bertrand, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

36. Mécanismes de préservation exceptionnelle dans le Lagerstätte des Fezouata (Ordovicien inférieur, Maroc)

Author

Saleh, Farid, STAR, ABES, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Bertrand Lefebvre, Bernard Pittet, Jean-Philippe Perrillat, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)

Subjects
Ordovicien, Exceptional preservation, Sédimentologie, Ordovician, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Cambrien, Sedimentology, Mineralogy, Géocchimie, Geochemistry, Cambrian, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Minéralogie, Préservation exceptionnelle
Abstract

The Fezouata Shale is the most diverse Lower Ordovician unit with exceptional fossil preservation. Fossils from this formation altered our understanding of early metazoan communities at the transition between the Cambrian Explosion and the Ordovician Radiation. The paleontology and the general sedimentological context of the Fezouata Shale are well established. However, little was done to understand the interaction between both, and studies regarding fossil preservation remain scarce. In this thesis, we investigate the general conditions and mechanisms responsible for soft-tissue preservation in the Fezouata Shale. Comparing brachiopod, bivalve, and trilobite size fluctuations between sites allowed us to constrain burial rates in this formation. This permitted the discovery of a relative post-mortem burial tardiness in sites where exceptional fossil preservation occurred. Moreover, mineralogical investigations showed a correlation between particular chlorite phases (i.e. chamosite/berthierine) and preserved soft parts. This mineralogy may have slowed down oxic decay and its deposition was most probably due to periods with high seasonality. Furthermore, we hypothesized for the first time, a possible implication of biomolecules (i.e. ferritin) in the preservation of soft parts. This, if confirmed, would resolve the observed discrepancies between the fossil record preserving nervous systems to the exclusion to everything else, and decay experiments showing that nervous tissues are among the first structures to decay and disappear in laboratory conditions. Additionally, we show that metamorphism was not operational in the Fezouata Shale. However, modern weathering leached organic material from surface sediments and transformed pyrite into iron oxides. This finding infers that the original mode of preservation of the Fezouata Shale comprises both carbonaceous compressions and accessory authigenic pyritization. The direct implication of this work was shown through a comparison of enigmatic patterns preserved in three groups of echinoderms. It appears that some of these patterns in eocrinoids and somasteroids do not reflect original anatomies and are preservation artifacts. However, it is certain that the structures preserved in stylophorans are real, closing a long-standing debate on the affinity of this animal group. Finally, a general comparison between the Fezouata Shale and Cambrian Lagerstätten allowed us to decipher the implication of the suggested taphonomic pathway on fossil preservation. It appears that the Fezouata Shale mechanism for preservation failed to preserve completely cellular organisms (e.g. chordates, ctenophores, medusoids) implying a possible underestimation of the original Fezouata Biota and confirming that the Cambrian Explosion and the Ordovician Radiation are one single episode of anatomical innovation. Thus, all these results have implications on understanding ecosystems, and evolution at the dawn of animal life and may contribute in the future to the development of a predictive approach for the discovery of exceptionally preserved biotas, La Formation des Fezouata a livré les assemblages à préservation exceptionnelle les plus diversifiés de l'Ordovicien inférieur. Les fossiles de cette unité ont bouleversé notre compréhension des premières communautés animales à la transition entre l'explosion cambrienne et la diversification ordovicienne. La paléontologie et le contexte sédimentologique général de la Formation des Fezouata sont bien établis. Cependant, l'interaction entre les deux demeurait peu connue, et les études concernant la préservation des fossiles étaient rares. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les conditions et les mécanismes qui ont abouti de la préservation des tissus mous dans la Formation des Fezouata. La comparaison des fluctuations de taille des brachiopodes, des bivalves et des trilobites entre les différents sites nous a permis de contraindre le taux d'enfouissement dans cette formation. Cela nous a permis de mettre en évidence un enfouissement post-mortem relativement tardif dans les sites à préservation exceptionnelle de cette formation. De plus, les recherches minéralogiques ont montré une corrélation entre certains minéraux de chlorite (chamosite / berthierine) et les parties molles. Cette minéralogie peut avoir inhibé la dégradation oxique des tissus durant les périodes à forte saisonnalité. De plus, nous avons émis l'hypothèse d'une possible implication des biomolécules (ferritine) dans la préservation des parties molles. Ce scénario permettrait d'expliquer les écarts observés entre le registre fossile préservant les systèmes nerveux à l'exclusion de tout le reste, et les expériences de dégradation montrant que les tissus nerveux sont parmi les premières structures à disparaître au laboratoire. De plus, nous montrons que l'influence du métamorphisme est négligeable dans la formation des Fezouata. Cependant, l’altération récente a lessivé la matière organique des sédiments de surface et transformé la pyrite en oxydes de fer. Cette découverte implique que le mode original de préservation des fossiles de la Formation des Fezouata comprend à la fois les compressions carbonées et la pyritisation authigénique. Une conséquence directe de ce résultat a consisté en la comparaison de motifs énigmatiques préservés dans trois groupes d'échinodermes. Il apparaît ainsi que deux de ces motifs, observés chez les éocrinoïdes et les somastéroïdes, ne reflètent pas les anatomies originales et ne sont que des artefacts de préservation. Cependant, il est démontré que les structures préservées chez les stylophores sont bien réelles, mettant fin au débat sur l'affinité de ce groupe. Enfin, une comparaison générale entre la Formation des Fezouata et les Lagerstätten cambriens nous a permis de déterminer quelle a été l'influence de la voie taphonomique empruntée sur la préservation des fossiles. Il semblerait que le mécanisme de préservation dans la Formation des Fezouata n'ait pas permis la conservation des organismes complètement cellulaires (par exemple, les chordés, les cténophores, les médusoïdes), ce qui impliquerait une sous-estimation de la biodiversité originelle dans les Fezouata et confirmerait que l'explosion cambrienne et le la radiation ordovicienne ne représentent qu'un seul et même épisode d'innovation anatomique. Ainsi, tous ces résultats ont des implications sur la compréhension des écosystèmes et de l'évolution à l'aube de la vie animale et pourraient contribuer ultérieurement au développement d'une approche prédictive permettant la découverte de nouveaux sites à préservation exceptionnelle

Published
2020

37. Soft tissue associations reveal the influence of preservation on biodiversity in Burgess Shale-type fossil deposits

Author

Daley, Allison, Saleh, Farid, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Pittet, Bernard, Laibl, Lukáš, Perez Peris, Francesc, Lustri, Lorenzo, Guériau, Pierre, Antcliffe, Jonathan, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LEFEBVRE, Bertrand, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

38. Biogenic iron liberated during decay initializes highly detailed soft tissue pyritisation in Burgess Shale-type biotas

Author

Saleh, Farid, Daley, Allison, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Pittet, Bernard, Perrillat, Jean-Philippe, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre (LST), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), and LEFEBVRE, Bertrand

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

40. Large trilobites in a stress-free Early Ordovician environment

Author

Saleh, Farid, primary, Vidal, Muriel, additional, Laibl, Lukáš, additional, Sansjofre, Pierre, additional, Gueriau, Pierre, additional, Pérez-Peris, Francesc, additional, Lustri, Lorenzo, additional, Lucas, Victoire, additional, Lefebvre, Bertrand, additional, Pittet, Bernard, additional, El Hariri, Khadija, additional, and Daley, Allison C., additional

Published
2020
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41. Taphonomic bias in exceptionally preserved biotas

Author

Saleh, Farid, primary, Antcliffe, Jonathan B., additional, Lefebvre, Bertrand, additional, Pittet, Bernard, additional, Laibl, Lukáš, additional, Perez Peris, Francesc, additional, Lustri, Lorenzo, additional, Gueriau, Pierre, additional, and Daley, Allison C., additional

Published
2020
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43. Preservation bias in the Fezouata Shale

Author

Saleh, Farid, Antcliffe, Jonathan, Daley, Allison, Sansjofre, Pierre, Lalonde, Stefan V., Perrillat, Jean-Philippe, Pittet, Bernard, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), and LEFEBVRE, Bertrand

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract

International audience; Exceptionally preserved biotas have been providing crucial paleontological data on the earliest major pulses of animal evolution – the Cambrian Explosion and the Ordovician radiation – for over 100 years. The Fezouata Shale is the only Ordovician formationto yield a diverse exceptionally preserved biota, yet the mechanism behind the preservation of soft parts in this formation and the potential of the Fezouata Shale depositsto reveal accurate snapshots of early animal life remain poorly understood. Here, based on two recently drilled cores, we constrain facies controls over the exceptional preservation of theFezouata Biota. We find that the mechanisms leading to soft part preservation in some distal facies of this formation are strikingly different from those at play in Cambrian deposits. In addition to that, based on an original database, we compare the preservation potentialof this new mechanism to the processes operating for Cambrian soft tissue preservation in the Burgess Shale and the Chengjiang Biota. Using a statistical approach,we show that the spatial distribution and type of soft tissues preserved are significantly differentbetweenCambrian biotas and theFezouata Shale, which is distorting to a variable extent our knowledge on the original diversity in ancient paleoenvironments. Constraining this bias is essential to correctly reconstruct paleoecological and evolutionary scenarios.

Published
2019

44. Exceptionally preserved soft parts in echinoderms from the Fezouata Shale (Lower Ordovician, Morocco)

Author

Lefebvre, Bertrand, Clark, Elizabeth, Hunter, Aaron W., Nohejlová, Martina, Saleh, Farid, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research School of Earth Sciences [London], Birkbeck College [University of London], Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), and LEFEBVRE, Bertrand

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

45. Distribution spatio-temporelle des gisements à préservation exceptionnelle dans l’Ordovicien inférieur de la région de Zagora (Maroc)

Author

Lefebvre, Bertrand, Pittet, Bernard, Saleh, Farid, Sansjofre, Pierre, Vidal, Muriel, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LEFEBVRE, Bertrand, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

46. Young coconut juice can accelerate the healing process of cutaneous wounds

Author

Radenahmad Nisaudah, Saleh Farid, Sayoh Ibrahim, Sawangjaroen Kitja, Subhadhirasakul Patchara, Boonyoung Piyakorn, Rundorn Wilart, and Mitranun Winyou

Subjects
Young coconut juice, Wound healing, Estrogen, ER-α, ER-β, Ovariectomy, Other systems of medicine, RZ201-999
Abstract

Abstract Background Estrogen has been reported to accelerate cutaneous wound healing. This research studies the effect of young coconut juice (YCJ), presumably containing estrogen-like substances, on cutaneous wound healing in ovairectomized rats. Methods Four groups of female rats (6 in each group) were included in this study. These included sham-operated, ovariectomized (ovx), ovx receiving estradiol benzoate (EB) injections intraperitoneally, and ovx receiving YCJ orally. Two equidistant 1-cm full-thickness skin incisional wounds were made two weeks after ovariectomy. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the third and the fourth week of the study, and their serum estradiol (E2) level was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The skin was excised and examined in histological sections stained with H&E, and immunostained using anti-estrogen receptor (ER-α an ER-β) antibodies. Results Wound healing was accelerated in ovx rats receiving YCJ, as compared to controls. This was associated with significantly higher density of immunostaining for ER-α an ER-β in keratinocytes, fibroblasts, white blood cells, fat cells, sebaceous gland, skeletal muscles, and hair shafts and follicles. This was also associated with thicker epidermis and dermis, but with thinner hypodermis. In addition, the number and size of immunoreactive hair follicles for both ER-α and ER-β were the highest in the ovx+YCJ group, as compared to the ovx+EB group. Conclusions This study demonstrates that YCJ has estrogen-like characteristics, which in turn seem to have beneficial effects on cutaneous wound healing.

Published
2012
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47. How does the skeleton influence soft tissues preservation? A case study from the Early Ordovician Fezouata Lagerstätte

Author

Saleh, Farid, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Pittet, Bernard, Nohejlová, Martina, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LEFEBVRE, Bertrand, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

48. Exceptionally preserved soft parts in eocrinoid echinoderms from the Fezouata Shale (Lower Ordovician, Morocco)

Author

Nohejlová, Martina, Nardin, Elise, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Saleh, Farid, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transfert en Géologie (LMTG), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

49. Fossilized appendages and guts in three phacopid triobites from the Tremadocian lower Fezouata Konservat-Lagerstätte (Lower Ordovician, Morocco)

Author

Lefebvre, Bertrand, Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy, Martin, Emmanuel L.O., Gutiérrez-Marco, Juan Carlos, Garcia-Bellido, Diego, Rabano, Isabel, Saleh, Farid, Vidal, Muriel, Van Roy, Peter, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of New England (UNE), Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and LEFEBVRE, Bertrand

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Trabajo presentado en el 5th International Palaeontological Congress, celebrado en París (Francia) del 9 al 13 de julio de 2018, The Fezouata Shale has yielded remarkably diverse assemblages of non-biomineralizing and biomineralizing organisms of Early Ordovician age. Overall, some 160 genera have been documented, about a quarter of which are essentially soft-bodied. Exceptional preservation in the Fezouata Shale occurs in two main separated intervals, of late Tremadocian and mid-Floian age respectively. These intervals are best regarded as distinct Konservat-lagerstätten, since they contain different faunas and are separated in time by c. 9 Ma. Both assemblages are dominated by arthropods, including a diverse trilobite fauna (c. 25 genera). Here we report the discovery of fossilized appendages and guts in 31 trilobite specimens from the lower Fezouata Konservat-lagerstätte belonging to the genera Anacheirurus, Bavarilla, and Prionocheilus (Order Phacopida). The preservation of appendages is generally poor, especially for their proximal parts covered by the dorsal exoskeleton. However, when appendages project from below the dorsal carapace, they exhibit delicate structures, such as annuli boundaries and lateral spines of antennae, or podomere boundaries, clustered endites and terminal claws of endopods. Lamellate exopods are rarely preserved, and when they are, their morphologies are largely obscured by the dorsal carapace. Appendages are typically preserved as thin, yellowish films of iron oxides, interpreted as oxidized pyrite. Among preserved gut structures, Anacheirurus displays a parallel-sided, sediment-filled digestive tract, running under the entire trunk axis while the tract of Bavarilla (wide and sediment-filled) is associated with 10 pairs of digestive glands, which are atypically preserved as a sediment infill. The new examples of fossilized ‘soft’-parts of trilobites from the lower Fezouata Lagerstätte complement previous observations in Megistaspis and Symphysurus, two taxa also belonging to the pilekiid-bavarillid biofacies typical of lower shoreface settings. Despite notable differences in size and affinities, the preservational styles are essentially the same in all specimens, suggesting that only a limited number of taphonomic pathways is responsible for the preservation of trilobite labile parts in these horizons. In addition to the work on the preserved soft parts, the morphological variability of preserved hard parts is currently also under study; in time, this will result in detailed systematic (re)descriptions of the taxa at hand.

Published
2018

50. Exceptionally preserved soft parts in echinoderms from the Fezouata Lagerstätte (Lower Ordovician, Morocco)

Author

Saleh, Farid, Lefebvre, Bertrand, Nohejlová, Martina, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and LEFEBVRE, Bertrand

Subjects
[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

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