Search

The aim of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of spherically and cylindrically shaped nanoparticles immersed separately in a graphene oxide/water nanofluid mixture over a rotating disk influenced by Hall current. The disk's surface is permeable with suction/injection impact. In order to reveal the thermal integrity of the flow, the effect of nanoparticle diameter and the liquid–solid interfacial layer at the molecular level is also introduced. Estimates of thermal conductivity, interfacial layer thickness and the radius of both spherical and cylindrical particles are taken from experimental studies and utilized to investigate the thermal behavior of the flows. The Tiwari–Das model for nanofluid flow is considered that incorporates the thermal radiative impact in the energy equation. The equations obeying boundary layer theory are resolved to ordinary differential equations using a transformation, and further numerically computed with the bvp4c scheme. The velocities and the temperature profiles are graphically demonstrated versus the dimensionless parameters. Quantities of physical interest such as surface heat flux and surface drag coefficient are tabulated numerically. The results show that the surface drag is larger for nanofluids having cylindrical particles than for nanofluids containing spherical particles. Is also found that the heat transfer rate is greater for nanofluids containing cylindrical particles than spherical particles at higher interfacial layer thicknesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)/glass fiber (varying fiber orientation angle) and with different % of carbon black (CB) particles-based hybrid composites are fabricated by hot press compression molding technique. Prepared composites were examined under marine conditions in sea water medium and erosion behavior under erodent particles entrained in gas fluid and found reduced impact. Morphological studies are studied through scanning electron microscope. Material removal mechanism is found to be micro-cracking at the impingement angle of 90°. Additionally, numerical analysis for the composite material with respect to single particle impact for erosion was conducted using LS-DYNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the study of Blasius–Rayleigh–Stokes nanofluid dusty flow with generalized Fourier and Fick laws under the influence of a transitive magnetic field. The Blasius–Rayleigh–Stokes nanofluid dusty flow has significant applications in various fields, including the design of heat exchangers, microfluidic devices and industrial processes involving the transportation of suspended particles in fluids. This paper considers the impact of melting heat transfer at the surface boundary. By employing relevant transformations, the mathematical model is transformed into a system of self-similar equations. The solution to this set of highly nonlinear equations is obtained using the bvp4c numerical method in combination with the response surface methodology (RSM) statistical approach. The results are presented through graphical illustrations and numerically calculated tabulated values. It is observed that the fitted model for the skin friction coefficient Re x 1 ∕ 2 C f optimal. Moreover, the model parameters Pr , Q, β v , M and L are linearly and quadratically significant in explaining the variation presented for skin friction coefficient Re x 1 ∕ 2 C f . This indicates the response skin friction coefficient Re x 1 ∕ 2 C f is minimized to 0.005 at Pr = 2. 2 0 2 7 , Q = 0. 2 5 2 , β v = 0. 2 2 , M = 0. 2 1 7 and L = 0. 2 5 2 and is maximized to 1.387 at Pr = 2. 0 6 6 , Q = 0. 2 5 4 , β v = 0. 0 2 1 , M = 0. 0 5 6 and L = 0. 2 5 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design, optimization, and analysis of a tri-band monopole antenna tailored for wireless communication, constructed with a composite FR4 substrate and incorporating split ring resonators (SRRs). The antenna is fabricated on a 19-mm-wide, 31-mm-long FR4 substrate featuring a ground structure integrated with SRRs. Through parameter analysis and optimization, the antenna achieves resonance at 2.3, 4.8, and 7 GHz, catering to diverse wireless communication standards. The use of composite FR4 material ensures enhanced performance. Post-fabrication measurements reveal that the antenna's s11, gain, directivity, and E-plane and H-plane patterns are consistent with simulations. Its compact size, stable radiation patterns, dual-band functionality, excellent impedance matching, and wide bandwidth make it ideal for the industrial, scientific, and medical sectors, as well as other wireless communication applications. This study marks a significant step forward in multi-band antenna technology using composite materials, offering promising solutions for future wireless communication needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyaniline−magnesia (PANI/MgO) composites with a fibrous nanostructure were synthesized via in situ oxidative polymerization, enabling uniform MgO integration into the polyaniline matrix. These composites were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy to analyze intermolecular bonding, XRD to assess crystallographic structure and phase purity, and SEM to examine surface morphology and topological features. The resulting PANI/MgO nanofibers were utilized to develop ammonia (NH3) gas-sensing probes with evaluations conducted at room temperature. The study addresses the critical challenge of achieving high sensitivity and selectivity in ammonia detection at low concentrations, which is a problem that persists in many existing sensor technologies. The nanofibers demonstrated high selectivity and optimal sensitivity for ammonia detection, which was attributed to the synergistic effects between the polyaniline and MgO that enhance gas adsorption. Furthermore, the study revealed that the MgO content critically influences both the morphology and the sensing performance, with higher MgO concentrations improving sensor response. This work underscores the potential of PANI/MgO composites as efficient and selective ammonia sensors, highlighting the importance of MgO content in optimizing material properties for gas-sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition to biofuels as viable alternatives to fossil fuels is increasingly critical, given the rising demand for sustainable energy. However, biofuel production is hindered by challenges such as feedstock scarcity, elevated production costs, and environmental impacts. Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly improve the efficiency and durability of biofuel production processes, thereby overcoming these challenges. Although there has been significant research on using nanomaterials in biofuel production, there needs to be more emphasis on understanding and addressing the difficulties of integrating these materials and developing strategies to overcome them. This review systematically examines the role of nanotechnology in various biofuel production pathways, including biodiesel, biogas, bioethanol, biohydrogen, hydrotreated vegetable oils, and Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. We discuss how nanomaterials improve key aspects of biofuel production, such as catalysis, microbial conversion, biomass pretreatment, and separation. Despite these advancements, nanotechnology has challenges, including nanoparticle toxicity, increased operational costs, and technical limitations. We propose potential solutions to these issues, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative approaches. By effectively integrating nanotechnology into biofuel production, the energy sector can move toward a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, we analyze the magnetohydrodynamics heat act of a viscous incompressible Jeffrey nanoliquid, which passed in the neighborhood of a linearly extending foil. As a process, we employ alumina (Al2O3)\left({{\rm{Al}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{3}) as nanoparticles, assuming that the base fluid is ethylene glycol. In this involvement, we consider the heating by Joule effect and viscous dissipation. We select the passable transformations, motion, and temperature formulas converting into non-linear differential equation arrangement. We solved the system by using a Keller-box method. Then, we provide a graphical description of outcomes according to the selected control parameters. Higher values of dissipation parameter cause a surge in temperature field as well as strengthen width of the heat boundary layer. The velocity, drag coefficient, and heat transfer (HT) rate for the base fluid are comparatively greater than that of the Al2O3{{\rm{Al}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{3}–ethylene glycol nanofluid, although the temperature is embellished by the inclusion of nanoparticles. Moreover, we report depreciation in surface drag as well as HT by the virtue of amplification in the Deborah number. The proclaimed outcomes are advantageous to boost the incandescent light bulb’s, cooling and heating processes, filament emitting light, energy generation, multiple heating devices, etc.