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5. The adoption of social messaging apps in Iran: Discourses and challenges.

Author

Bayat, Abolghasem, Fathian, Mohammad, Moghaddam, Naser Bagheri, and Saifoddin, Amirali

Subjects
RIGHT of privacy, FREEDOM of expression, DIGITAL transformation, PUBLIC opinion, DISCOURSE analysis, INFORMATION technology security
Abstract

Today, social networks are the most popular and widely used applications among smartphone users all around the world. Three years ago, the Telegram messaging app was the most widely used social messaging app in Iran due to its technical features and user-friendliness. Despite its popularity, Telegram caused controversial debates among policymakers and public opinion. To discover the nature of these conflicts, two main discourses were identified through qualitative data analysis based on Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory. Proponents of Minaret discourse consider the Telegram as a threat to national security, thus they have tried to provide favorable condition to limit using it, and develop alternative domestic apps. In contrast, Cylinder discourse supports using the Telegram app to fulfill citizens' digital rights and their rights of privacy and freedom of expression. This discursive conflict among policymakers, along with users' resistance, resulted in some failures in the adoption of foreign apps (e.g., Telegram). Despite the extensive technical, financial, and moral supports to popularize domestic apps, users still prefer foreign apps such as Telegram, WhatsApp, and Instagram. The analysis of emergent discourses demonstrates the origins of contestations and provides insights into how to adopt social messaging apps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. Forecasting of CO2emissions in Iran based on time series and regression analysis

Author

Hosseini, Seyed Mohsen, Saifoddin, Amirali, Shirmohammadi, Reza, and Aslani, Alireza

Abstract

Iran has become one of the most CO2emitting countries during the last decades. The country ranks after Japan and Germany in terms of CO2emissions. However, from an economic viewpoint, the gross domestic product (GDP) of Iran is lower than the summation of Berlin and Tokyo GDP. Moreover, a large proportion of Iran’s revenue comes from the crude oil export; therefore, this level of CO2emission cannot be economically driven and is as a result of high energy intensity in this country. This is while the government also has not a clear program in this regard. The Sixth Five-year Development Plan of Iran, in addition, sets a number of ambitious targets mostly regarding the energy intensity, GDP growth, and renewable energies, but does not mention to CO2emission issue. Therefore, prospects for an early settlement of the dispute are seemingly dim. Our aim is to predict Iran’s CO2emissions in 2030 under assumptions of two scenarios, i.e. business as usual (BAU) and the Sixth Development Plan (SDP), using multiple linear regression (MLR) and multiple polynomial regression (MPR) analysis. Findings suggest that Iran most likely will not meet its commitment to the Paris Agreement under the BAU’s assumptions; however, full implementation of the ambitiously shaped SDP could have met the target by end 2018.

Published
2019
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